Battery box locking mechanism and electric vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of operation machinery, in particular to a battery box locking mechanism and an electric vehicle. The utility model provides a battery box locking mechanism which comprises a vehicle-mounted base suitable for bearing a battery box; the first-stage guide column is arranged on the vehicle-mounted base, the first-stage guide column is provided with a first guide inclined plane and a second guide inclined plane, the first guide inclined plane is suitable for guiding the battery box to move in the first direction, and the second guide inclined plane is suitable for guiding the battery box to move in the second direction; and the spring bolt device is arranged on the first-stage guide column and is suitable for locking or unlocking the battery box. According to the scheme, the spring bolt device is arranged on the first-stage guide column, a single component can undertake multiple tasks through the integrated design of the guide function and the locking function, and the utilization rate of the component and the compactness of the whole system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of working machinery, and particularly relates to a battery box locking mechanism and an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] As an innovative energy supply method, the battery swapping solution has shown great potential and advantages in ensuring the endurance of electric working vehicles. Electric working vehicles, such as electric heavy trucks, electric buses, electric forklifts, and electric construction machinery, etc., because they need to run continuously during the working process and have extremely high requirements for endurance, traditional charging methods often fail to meet their fast and efficient needs. Therefore, the battery swapping solution emerges as the times require, providing a more convenient and reliable energy supply way for electric working vehicles.

[0003] In the related art, the battery-swappable electric vehicle includes a battery box locking mechanism, and the battery box locking mechanism usually includes key components such as a vehicle-mounted base, a guide post, and a locking tongue device. The vehicle-mounted base serves as the bearing platform for the battery box, and the vehicle-mounted base is usually designed as a frame structure to provide sufficient support strength and stability. One or more guide posts are arranged on each side frame of the vehicle-mounted base. Each guide post is provided with a guide inclined surface, and under the guiding action of the guide inclined surfaces of the plurality of guide posts, the battery box can be guided to accurately move to the set position during the installation process. After the battery box is guided to the set position by the guide posts, the locking tongue device firmly locks the battery box on the vehicle-mounted base by mechanical locking. In this way, even when the vehicle encounters bumps or vibrations during driving, the battery box can maintain a stable installation state. However, in the battery box locking mechanism in the related art, the number of guide posts is large, resulting in a relatively complex structure of the battery box locking mechanism.

[0004] Therefore, how to solve the problem of the complex structure of the battery box locking mechanism has become an important technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] In view of this, the utility model provides a battery box locking mechanism and an electric vehicle, which can solve the problem of the complex structure of the battery box locking mechanism.

[0006] In the first aspect, the utility model provides a battery box locking mechanism, including:

[0007] A vehicle-mounted base adapted to carry the battery box;

[0008] A first-stage guide post arranged on the vehicle-mounted base, the first-stage guide post being provided with a first guide inclined surface and a second guide inclined surface, the first guide inclined surface being adapted to guide the battery box to move in a first direction, and the second guide inclined surface being adapted to guide the battery box to move in a second direction;

[0009] The locking tongue device is arranged on the first-stage guide post and is adapted to lock or unlock the battery box.

[0010] Beneficial effects:

[0011] The vehicle-mounted base serves as a bearing platform for the battery box of an electric vehicle. The first-stage guide posts are arranged on the vehicle-mounted base. The first-stage guide posts are provided with a first guide slope and a second guide slope, and the first guide slope and the second guide slope respectively guide the movement of the battery box in different directions. This design enables a single guide post to undertake the guiding tasks in two directions, thereby reducing the number of required guide posts and simplifying the overall structure. The locking tongue device is responsible for the locking and unlocking operations of the battery box. When the battery box reaches the correct position under the guidance of the guide slope, the locking tongue device completes the locking action to ensure the stability of the battery box. In this solution, the locking tongue device is arranged on the first-stage guide post. The integrated design of the guiding and locking functions enables a single component to undertake multiple tasks, improving the utilization rate of the component and the compactness of the overall system.

[0012] According to the battery box locking mechanism provided by the present utility model, the vehicle-mounted base is arranged in a square structure, and the first-stage guide posts are four in number and are respectively arranged at the four corner positions of the vehicle-mounted base.

[0013] Beneficial effects:

[0014] The vehicle-mounted base is arranged in a square structure, specifically a square frame formed by cross beams and longitudinal beams. Arranging the first-stage guide posts at the four corners of the vehicle-mounted base can ensure that the battery box is evenly stressed during the movement and locking processes, avoiding the battery box from shifting or tilting due to uneven stress, and improving the accuracy and stability of locking. The first-stage guide posts are arranged at the four corners of the vehicle-mounted base, making full use of the space of the vehicle-mounted base and avoiding problems such as space waste or inconvenient layout of other components caused by arranging guide posts in the center or on the edge of the base. In addition, by arranging the first-stage guide posts at the corners of the vehicle-mounted base, during the subsequent maintenance or repair of the locking tongue device on the first-stage guide post, it is easier to access and inspect the locking tongue device, improving the convenience and efficiency of maintenance.

[0015] According to the battery box locking mechanism provided by the present utility model, the frame of the vehicle-mounted base includes adjacent first frame and second frame. The first guide slope of the first-stage guide post corresponds to the first frame, the second guide slope corresponds to the second frame, and the first direction is perpendicular to the first frame, and the second direction is perpendicular to the second frame.

[0016] Beneficial effects:

[0017] The battery box locking mechanism provided by this solution has a vehicle-mounted base configured as a square frame, i.e., it includes two pairs of adjacent frames, one of which is a first frame and the other is a second frame. The first guide bevel and the second guide bevel of the first-level guide column correspond to each other, and the guiding directions are respectively perpendicular to their respective frames. The guiding direction of the first guide bevel is perpendicular to the first frame, and the guiding direction of the second guide bevel is perpendicular to the second frame. The first-level guide columns at the four corners have a total of eight guiding bevels, and the eight guiding bevels can be guided in directions perpendicular to the respective frames of the square frame. When the battery box is inserted or removed, it can follow these clear guide paths, reducing offset and shaking, and improving the accuracy and stability of the locking.

[0018] According to the battery box locking mechanism provided by the present utility model, the locking tongue device includes:

[0019] A lock tongue body is movably connected to the first-level guide column, and the lock tongue body is suitable for moving between a first position and a second position. In the state of the first position, the lock tongue body is suitable for locking the battery box, and in the state of the second position, the lock tongue body is suitable for unlocking the battery box.

[0020] According to the battery box locking mechanism provided by the present invention, an axial hole is provided inside the first-stage guide column, and an opening communicating with the axial hole is provided on the side wall of the first-stage guide column; the locking tongue device further includes:

[0021] a shaft body rotatably disposed in the shaft hole, the lock tongue body being connected to the shaft body, the lock tongue body extending from the opening, and the shaft body being adapted to drive the lock tongue body to swing between the first position and the second position;

[0022] The driving device is in driving connection with the shaft body and is suitable for driving the shaft body to rotate.

[0023] According to the battery box locking mechanism provided by the present utility model, the locking tongue device further includes:

[0024] The transmission assembly includes a power input part and at least two power output parts, the power input part is connected to the driving device, and each power output part is connected to the shaft body in a one-to-one correspondence; the driving device is suitable for driving at least two of the shaft bodies to rotate synchronously through the transmission assembly.

[0025] Beneficial effects:

[0026] The drive device drives at least two shafts to rotate synchronously through the transmission assembly, thereby simultaneously driving at least two lock tongues to lock or unlock the battery box. The transmission assembly transmits the power of the drive device to multiple shafts, avoiding the complexity and cost of providing a separate drive device for each shaft.

[0027] According to the battery box locking mechanism provided by the present utility model, it further includes:

[0028] A second-stage guide post, which is arranged on the vehicle-mounted base, and the top end of the second-stage guide post is arranged in a conical structure.

[0029] Beneficial effects:

[0030] On the basis that the first-stage guide post provides a basic guiding path for the battery box, the second-stage guide post can further refine the guiding process. Especially when the battery box is approaching the locking position, the second-stage guide post can provide more precise guidance to help the battery box accurately enter the locking position. The top end of the second-stage guide post is arranged in a conical structure, which helps the battery box achieve a smooth transition during movement. When the battery box touches the conical top end, its shape can guide the battery box to gradually adjust its direction, reducing sudden impacts and vibrations, thereby protecting the battery box and the locking mechanism from damage. The second-stage guide post not only has a guiding function but also can enhance the stability of the battery box in the locked state. When the battery box completely enters the locking position and is locked by the locking tongue device, the second-stage guide post can serve as an additional support point to prevent the battery box from shaking or shifting during driving.

[0031] According to the battery box locking mechanism provided by the present utility model, the second-stage guide posts are arranged in a plurality, and the plurality of second-stage guide posts are at least divided into a first row and a second row, and the second-stage guide posts in the first row and the second-stage guide posts in the second row are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0032] Beneficial effects:

[0033] The second-stage guide posts are arranged in a plurality, and the plurality of second-stage guide posts can achieve the technical effect of secondary guiding. Moreover, since the second-stage guide posts in the first row and the second-stage guide posts in the second row are arranged in a staggered manner, an anti-mistake design is formed. That is, when the installation direction of the battery box is opposite, due to the anti-mistake function of the second-stage guide posts, during the process of putting the battery box in, the second-stage guide posts cannot correspond to the guide holes on the battery box, and thus the battery box is restricted and cannot completely fall onto the vehicle-mounted base, avoiding the problem that the electrical connectors of the battery box and the vehicle are connected reversely.

[0034] According to the battery box locking mechanism provided by the present utility model, it further includes:

[0035] An electrical connector, which is adapted to be electrically connected to the battery box, the electrical connector is provided with a third-stage guiding structure, and the electrical connector is arranged at the middle position of the vehicle-mounted base.

[0036] Beneficial effects:

[0037] An electrical connector is provided on the vehicle-mounted base for connection with the electrical connector of the battery box. In this solution, the electrical connector is provided with a third-stage guiding structure, which can be set as a flared structure at the upper end of the electrical connector. When the electrical connector of the battery box is docked with the electrical connector on the vehicle-mounted base, the third-stage guiding structure can play a further guiding role to ensure that the electrical connector of the battery box is exactly aligned with the electrical connector on the vehicle-mounted base, so as to ensure the stability of the electrical connection between the two.

[0038] In a second aspect, the present utility model further provides an electric vehicle, including the battery box locking mechanism described in any one of the above.

[0039] Beneficial effects:

[0040] With such a setting, the electric vehicle provided by the present utility model can solve the problem of the complex structure of the battery box locking mechanism. The derivation process of this beneficial effect is generally similar to the derivation process of the beneficial effect brought by the above-mentioned battery box locking mechanism, and will not be elaborated here. Description of the drawings

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0042] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the battery box locking mechanism in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0043] Figure 2 It is a front view schematic diagram of the battery box locking mechanism in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0044] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the first-stage guiding column in the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0045] Description of the reference numerals:

[0046] 11. First-stage guiding column; 111. First guiding inclined surface; 112. Second guiding inclined surface; 121. Lock tongue body; 122. Driving device; 13. Vehicle-mounted base; 131. First frame; 132. Second frame; 14. Second-stage guiding column; 15. Electrical connector. Specific embodiments

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0048] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, an embodiment of the present utility model provides a battery box locking mechanism, which includes a vehicle-mounted base 13 and a first-stage guide post 11.

[0049] Among them, the vehicle-mounted base 13 is an important component of the vehicle and is suitable for carrying the battery box, that is, the weight of the battery box is mainly borne by the vehicle-mounted base 13. The structure of the vehicle-mounted base 13 can specifically be a rectangular frame, a trapezoidal frame, a polygonal frame, etc., and its material can be aluminum alloy or steel, etc.

[0050] The first-stage guide post 11 is arranged on the vehicle-mounted base 13. In some embodiments, the first-stage guide post 11 can be a steel post or an aluminum alloy post, and its cross-section can be a rectangular, circular, etc. structure. The first-stage guide post 11 can be connected to the vehicle-mounted base 13 by welding. The top of the first-stage guide post 11 is provided with a first guide slope 111 and a second guide slope 112. The first guide slope 111 is suitable for guiding the battery box to move in the first direction, and the second guide slope 112 is suitable for guiding the battery box to move in the second direction. The first guide slope 111 and the second guide slope 112 can be arranged adjacent to each other, or the two can also be arranged at intervals. The first-stage guide post 11 corresponds to the guide hole on the battery box. During the process of placing the battery box on the vehicle-mounted base 13, the first-stage guide post 11 first contacts the side wall of the guide hole on the battery box. During the process of the battery box moving downward, the battery box slides obliquely downward along the first guide slope 111 and the second guide slope 112 respectively.

[0051] The locking tongue device is arranged on the first-stage guide post 11 and is suitable for locking or unlocking the battery box. When the battery box reaches the correct position on the vehicle-mounted base 13, the locking tongue device can lock the battery box to ensure the stability of the battery box. Among them, the locking tongue device can be driven by a motor, a hydraulic cylinder, or a cylinder.

[0052] The vehicle-mounted base 13 serves as the battery box bearing platform of the electric vehicle. The first-stage guide posts 11 are arranged on the vehicle-mounted base 13, and the first guide inclined surface 111 and the second guide inclined surface 112 are provided on the first-stage guide posts 11. The first guide inclined surface 111 and the second guide inclined surface 112 guide the movement of the battery box in different directions respectively. This design enables a single guide post to undertake the guiding tasks in two directions, thus reducing the number of required guide posts and simplifying the overall structure. The lock tongue device is responsible for the locking and unlocking operations of the battery box. When the battery box reaches the correct position under the guidance of the guide inclined surface, the lock tongue device completes the locking action to ensure the stability of the battery box. In this solution, the lock tongue device is arranged on the first-stage guide post 11. The integrated design of the guiding and locking functions enables a single component to undertake multiple tasks, improving the utilization rate of the component and the compactness of the overall system.

[0053] In a further embodiment, the vehicle-mounted base 13 is arranged in a square structure, and the first-stage guide posts 11 are arranged in four numbers and are respectively arranged at the four corner positions of the vehicle-mounted base 13.

[0054] The vehicle-mounted base 13 is arranged in a square structure, specifically a square frame formed by cross beams and longitudinal beams. The first-stage guide posts 11 are arranged at the four corners of the vehicle-mounted base 13. In some embodiments, the first-stage guide posts 11 can be made of square steel structures and are connected to the four corners of the vehicle-mounted base 13 by welding. Moreover, the first-stage guide posts 11 are arranged inside the vehicle-mounted base 13.

[0055] With such an arrangement, it can be ensured that the battery box is evenly stressed during the movement and locking processes, avoiding the deviation or tilt of the battery box due to uneven stress, and improving the accuracy and stability of locking. The first-stage guide posts 11 are arranged at the four corners of the vehicle-mounted base 13, making full use of the space of the vehicle-mounted base 13 and avoiding the problems of space waste or inconvenient layout of other components caused by arranging the guide posts in the center or at the edge of the base. In addition, by arranging the first-stage guide posts 11 at the corners of the vehicle-mounted base 13, it is easier to access and inspect the lock tongue device during the subsequent maintenance or repair of the lock tongue device on the first-stage guide posts 11, improving the convenience and efficiency of maintenance.

[0056] In a further embodiment, the frame of the vehicle-mounted base 13 includes adjacent first frame 131 and second frame 132. The first guide inclined surface 111 of the first-stage guide post 11 corresponds to the first frame 131, the second guide inclined surface 112 corresponds to the second frame 132, and the first direction of the first guide inclined surface 111 is perpendicular to the first frame 131, and the second direction of the second guide inclined surface 112 is perpendicular to the second frame 132.

[0057] The battery box locking mechanism provided in this embodiment has a vehicle-mounted base 13 configured as a square frame, i.e., it includes two pairs of adjacent frames, one of which is a first frame 131 and the other is a second frame 132. The first guide bevel 111 and the second guide bevel 112 of the first-level guide column 11 correspond to the first frame, and the guiding directions are respectively perpendicular to their respective frames. The guiding direction of the first guide bevel 111 is perpendicular to the first frame 131, and the guiding direction of the second guide bevel 112 is perpendicular to the second frame 132. The first-level guide column 11 at the four corners has a total of eight guiding bevels, and the eight guiding bevels can be guided by directions perpendicular to the respective frames of the square frame. When the battery box is inserted or removed, it can be moved along these clear guide paths, which reduces offset and shaking and improves the accuracy and stability of the locking.

[0058] In a further embodiment, the locking bolt device includes a locking bolt body 121. The locking bolt body 121 may be a block-shaped structure or a strip-shaped structure. The locking bolt body 121 is movably connected to the first-stage guide column 11. Specifically, the locking bolt body 121 is swingably disposed on the first-stage guide column 11. Of course, it can also be retractably disposed on the first-stage guide column 11. The locking bolt body 121 switches between a locked position and an unlocked position by its swinging. For example, the locking bolt body 121 is adapted to move between a first position and a second position. In the first position, the locking bolt body 121 is adapted to lock the battery box, and the battery box is locked to the first-stage guide column 11. In the second position, the locking bolt body 121 is adapted to unlock the battery box, that is, the battery box can be detached from the first-stage guide column 11. The battery box may be provided with a lock hole or lock slot compatible with the locking bolt body 121. When the lock tongue body 121 is in the first position, the lock tongue body 121 extends into the lock hole or lock slot of the battery box to lock the two. When the lock tongue body 121 is in the second position, the lock tongue body 121 is disengaged from the lock hole or lock slot of the battery box.

[0059] In a further embodiment, an axial hole is provided within the first-stage guide post 11, and an opening is provided in the sidewall of the first-stage guide post 11, communicating with the axial hole. To ensure sufficient swinging space for the lock bolt 121, the opening provided in the sidewall of the first-stage guide post 11 can separate the entire first-stage guide post 11 in the transverse direction of the first-stage guide post 11. In other words, the opening divides the first-stage guide post 11 into two parts, and both parts can be connected to the vehicle base 13 by welding. Of course, in other embodiments, the opening can be provided at a specific angle along the outer circumference of the first-stage guide post, as long as the lock bolt 121 has sufficient space to swing within the opening.

[0060] The extending direction of the shaft hole inside the first-stage guide column 11 can be consistent with the axial direction of the first-stage guide column 11. The locking bolt device further includes a shaft body and a driving device 122.

[0061] Among them, the shaft body is rotatably arranged in the shaft hole. The locking tongue body 121 is connected to the shaft body. The locking tongue body 121 extends out from the opening. The locking tongue body 121 can swing within the opening. The shaft body is adapted to drive the locking tongue body 121 to swing between a first position and a second position.

[0062] The driving device 122 is in transmission connection with the shaft body and is adapted to drive the shaft body to rotate. In some embodiments, the driving device 122 can adopt a motor, a pneumatic motor, a hydraulic motor, etc.

[0063] With such a setting, when the driving device 122 rotates, it can drive the shaft body to rotate, and the rotation of the shaft body can drive the locking tongue body 121 to swing, so as to lock or unlock the battery box by the locking tongue body 121.

[0064] In a further embodiment, the locking tongue device further includes a transmission assembly, which includes a power input part and at least two power output parts. The power input part is connected to the driving device 122, and each power output part is correspondingly connected to the shaft body one by one; the driving device 122 is adapted to drive at least two shaft bodies to rotate synchronously through the transmission assembly.

[0065] In some embodiments, the transmission assembly can be a double-output shaft reducer. The output shaft of the driving device 122 is connected to the input end of the double-output shaft reducer, and the two output shafts of the double-output shaft reducer are respectively connected to the above-mentioned shaft bodies. Or, in some embodiments, the driving device 122 can be arranged at a position between two first-stage guide posts 11. The transmission assembly can include a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is installed on the vehicle-mounted base 13 through bearings. A first transmission gear is arranged at the middle part of the transmission shaft. A driving gear meshing with the first transmission gear is arranged on the output shaft of the driving device 122. Second transmission gears are arranged at both ends of the transmission shaft. The second transmission gears are arranged as helical gears. Helical gears meshing with the second transmission gears are arranged on the shaft bodies of the locking tongue device. With such a setting, the driving device 122 can drive two shaft bodies to rotate simultaneously, and further can drive two locking tongue devices to unlock or lock the battery box synchronously.

[0066] In other embodiments, the driving device 122 can also be in transmission connection with three or four locking tongue devices through a plurality of gears and a transmission shaft at the same time, which will not be elaborated here.

[0067] With such a setting, the driving device 122 drives at least two shaft bodies to rotate synchronously through the transmission assembly, and further realizes driving at least two locking tongue bodies 121 to lock or unlock the battery box synchronously. The power of the driving device 122 is transmitted to a plurality of shaft bodies through the transmission assembly, avoiding the complexity and cost of separately arranging a driving device 122 for each shaft body.

[0068] In a further embodiment, the battery box locking mechanism further includes a second-stage guiding column 14. The second-stage guiding column 14 is arranged on the vehicle-mounted base 13, and the top end of the second-stage guiding column 14 is set as a conical structure. The cross-section of the second-stage guiding column 14 can be set as a square or circular structure. The second-stage guiding column 14 can be connected to the vehicle-mounted base 13 by means of welding or screwing. The axial direction of the second-stage guiding column 14 is parallel to the axial direction of the first-stage guiding column 11, and the axial length of the second-stage guiding column 14 can be shorter than the axial length of the first-stage guiding column 11.

[0069] With such a setting, on the basis that the first-stage guiding column 11 provides a basic guiding path for the battery box, the second-stage guiding column 14 can further refine the guiding process. Especially when the battery box is close to the locking position, the second-stage guiding column 14 can provide more accurate guiding to help the battery box accurately enter the locking position. The top end of the second-stage guiding column 14 is set as a conical structure, which helps to achieve a smooth transition during the movement of the battery box. When the battery box touches the conical top, its shape can guide the battery box to gradually adjust the direction, reducing sudden impacts and vibrations, thereby protecting the battery box and the locking mechanism from damage. The second-stage guiding column 14 not only has a guiding function but also can enhance the stability of the battery box in the locked state. When the battery box completely enters the locking position and is locked by the locking tongue device, the second-stage guiding column 14 can serve as an additional support point to prevent the battery box from shaking or shifting during driving.

[0070] In a further embodiment, the second-stage guiding columns 14 are provided in multiple numbers, and the multiple second-stage guiding columns are at least divided into a first row and a second row, and the second-stage guiding columns in the first row and the second row are arranged in a staggered manner. For example, both the second-stage guiding columns 14 in the first row and the second-stage guiding columns 14 in the second row can be set to two, and the two second-stage guiding columns in the first row and the two second-stage guiding columns in the second row are arranged in a staggered manner, that is, asymmetrically arranged.

[0071] With such a setting, the second-stage guiding columns 14 are provided in multiple numbers, and the multiple second-stage guiding columns 14 can achieve the technical effect of secondary guiding. Moreover, since the second-stage guiding columns 14 in the first row and the second-stage guiding columns 14 in the second row are arranged in a staggered manner, an anti-fooling design is formed. That is, when the installation direction of the battery box is opposite, due to the anti-fooling function of the second-stage guiding column 14, during the process of putting the battery box, the second-stage guiding column 14 cannot correspond to the guiding hole on the battery box, and thus the battery box is restricted and cannot completely fall onto the vehicle-mounted base 13, avoiding the problem that the electrical connectors of the battery box and the vehicle are connected reversely.

[0072] In a further embodiment, the battery box locking mechanism further includes an electrical connector 15. The electrical connector 15 is adapted to be electrically connected to the battery box. The electrical connector 15 is provided with a third-stage guiding structure, and the electrical connector 15 is arranged at the middle position of the vehicle-mounted base 13.

[0073] The electrical connector 15 can achieve the connection of high-voltage and / or low-voltage electricity between the battery box and the vehicle. The electrical connector 15 is provided on the vehicle-mounted base 13 and is used to connect with the electrical connector of the battery box. In this embodiment, the electrical connector 15 is provided with a third-stage guiding structure, and the third-stage guiding structure can be set as a flared structure at the upper end of the electrical connector 15. When the electrical connector of the battery box is docked with the electrical connector 15 on the vehicle-mounted base 13, the third-stage guiding structure can play a further guiding role to ensure that the electrical connector of the battery box is completely aligned with the electrical connector 15 on the vehicle-mounted base 13, so as to ensure the stability of the electrical connection between the two.

[0074] The embodiment of the present utility model further provides an electric vehicle, including the battery box locking mechanism described in any one of the above embodiments. With such a setting, the electric vehicle provided in this embodiment can solve the problem of the complex structure of the battery box locking mechanism. The derivation process of this beneficial effect is generally similar to the derivation process of the beneficial effect brought by the above battery box locking mechanism, and will not be elaborated here.

[0075] Although the embodiments of the present utility model have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery box locking mechanism, characterized in that, include: A vehicle-mounted base (13) suitable for carrying a battery box; A first-stage guide column (11) is provided on the vehicle-mounted base (13), wherein the first-stage guide column (11) is provided with a first guide slope (111) and a second guide slope (112), wherein the first guide slope (111) is suitable for guiding the battery box to move along a first direction, and the second guide slope (112) is suitable for guiding the battery box to move along a second direction; A locking tongue device is provided on the first-stage guide column (11) and is suitable for locking or unlocking the battery box. The locking tongue device comprises a locking tongue body (121) movably connected to the first-stage guide column (11). The locking tongue body (121) is suitable for moving between a first position and a second position. In the state of the first position, the locking tongue body (121) is suitable for locking the battery box. In the state of the second position, the locking tongue body (121) is suitable for unlocking the battery box. An axial hole is provided inside the first-stage guide column (11), and an opening communicating with the axial hole is provided on the side wall of the first-stage guide column (11); the locking bolt device further comprises: A shaft body is rotatably disposed in the shaft hole, the lock tongue body (121) is connected to the shaft body, the lock tongue body (121) extends from the opening, and the shaft body is suitable for driving the lock tongue body (121) to swing between the first position and the second position; A driving device (122) is in transmission connection with the shaft body and is suitable for driving the shaft body to rotate.

2. The battery box locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vehicle-mounted base (13) is configured as a square structure, and four first-stage guide columns (11) are configured and are respectively arranged at four corner positions of the vehicle-mounted base (13).

3. The battery box locking mechanism according to claim 2, wherein, The frame of the vehicle-mounted base (13) comprises a first frame (131) and a second frame (132) adjacent to each other; the first guide slope (111) of the first-level guide column (11) corresponds to the first frame (131); the second guide slope (112) corresponds to the second frame (132); the first direction is perpendicular to the first frame (131); and the second direction is perpendicular to the second frame (132).

4. The battery box locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking tongue device also includes: The transmission assembly comprises a power input part and at least two power output parts, wherein the power input part is connected to the driving device (122), and each of the power output parts is connected to the shaft body in a one-to-one correspondence; the driving device (122) is suitable for driving at least two of the shaft bodies to rotate synchronously through the transmission assembly.

5. The battery box locking mechanism according to claim 1, wherein, Also includes: The second-stage guide column (14) is arranged on the vehicle-mounted base (13), and the top end of the second-stage guide column (14) is arranged as a conical structure.

6. The battery box locking mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second-stage guide columns (14) are provided in plurality, and the plurality of second-stage guide columns (14) are divided into at least a first row and a second row, and the second-stage guide columns (14) in the first row are staggered with the second-stage guide columns (14) in the second row.

7. The battery box locking mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: The electrical connector (15) is adapted to be electrically connected to the battery box. The electrical connector (15) is provided with a third-stage guiding structure, and the electrical connector (15) is disposed at the middle position of the vehicle-mounted base (13).

8. An electric vehicle, characterized in that, Comprising the battery box locking mechanism according to any one of claims 1-7.

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