Door and window

Abstract

The utility model provides a door and window which comprises a fixing frame, a door and window sash, a first sliding opening and closing mechanism installed between the lower end of the door and window sash and the fixing frame, and a second sliding opening and closing mechanism installed between the upper end of the door and window sash and the fixing frame. The door and window sash can be opened backwards in parallel and move left and right through the first sliding opening and closing mechanism and the second sliding opening and closing mechanism. A temporary retaining structure is arranged between the fixed frame and the first sliding opening and closing mechanism, and comprises a limiting plate which is fixed on a fixed frame transverse profile on the lower side of the fixed frame and is adjacent to a rail of the first sliding opening and closing mechanism, and a limiting piece which is fixed on a pulley assembly of the first sliding opening and closing mechanism and can elastically deform; the limiting piece comprises a limiting part, a limiting hole capable of containing the limiting part is formed in the limiting plate, when the door and window sash slides along the track, the limiting part of the limiting piece can slide into the limiting hole or slide out of the limiting hole, and when the limiting piece slides on the limiting plate, the limiting plate enables the limiting part to elastically deform upwards.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of doors and windows, in particular to a door and window. Background Art

[0002] Doors and windows are divided into various types such as casement type, sliding type, inward sliding type, and tilt and slide type according to different opening methods. Among them, the inward sliding type door and window is a door and window that can not only make the window sash move parallel to the indoor direction relative to the fixed frame by an appropriate distance so that a certain distance gap is formed between the window sash and the fixed frame for ventilation, but also make the window sash slide left and right relative to the fixed frame to realize the opening and closing of the door and window. Generally, the inward sliding type door and window includes: a fixed frame, a window sash slidably installed on the fixed frame, and a sliding opening and closing mechanism installed between the end of the window sash and the fixed frame. The window sash is installed on the fixed frame through the sliding opening and closing mechanism. Among them, the sliding opening and closing mechanism includes a track provided on the fixed frame horizontal profile of the fixed frame, a pulley assembly slidably provided on the track, and a rotating arm. The rotating arm includes a fixed frame connection end and a window sash connection end. The fixed frame connection end is hinged to the pulley assembly, and the window sash connection end is hinged to the end of the window sash. By rotating the rotating arm, the window sash can be opened backward parallel to the fixed frame. However, the above-mentioned prior art has the following defects:

[0003] 1. The window sash slides open relative to the fixed frame through the sliding opening and closing mechanism, and the sliding movement of the sliding opening and closing mechanism is realized through the pulley assembly. Therefore, the user only needs to use a very small force to make the window sash slide left and right relative to the fixed frame. Thus, when the user only hopes that the window sash opens backward parallel to the fixed frame so that a certain gap is formed between the window sash and the window frame for ventilation, and does not hope that the window sash slides left and right relative to the fixed frame to make the window mostly open, or when the user hopes that the window sash stops at a specific position, since the window sash may slide relative to the fixed frame when a very small force is applied, the window sash may accidentally slide when the user accidentally touches the window sash or the wind is too strong, thus making the user experience bad.

[0004] 2. When the rotating arm of the sliding opening and closing mechanism is hinged to the end of the window sash, it is hinged to the corner code of the window sash frame. Therefore, a hinged structure needs to be processed on the corner code. The corner code is a connecting component connecting the horizontal profile and the vertical profile of the window sash frame and needs to have a certain strength. Processing the hinged structure on the corner code will weaken the strength of the corner code, which also leads to the weakening of the overall strength of the window sash. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, the purpose of the present utility model is to provide a door and window, which can temporarily keep the window sash at a specific position and ensure the strength of the window sash at the same time.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present utility model provides a door and window, which includes a fixed frame, a door and window sash slidably installed on the fixed frame, a first sliding opening and closing mechanism installed between the lower end of the door and window sash and the fixed frame, and a second sliding opening and closing mechanism installed between the upper end of the door and window sash and the fixed frame. The door and window sash is installed on the fixed frame through the first sliding opening and closing mechanism and the second sliding opening and closing mechanism. Both the first sliding opening and closing mechanism and the second sliding opening and closing mechanism include a track provided on the fixed frame horizontal profile of the fixed frame, a pulley assembly slidably provided on the track, and a rotating arm. The rotating arm includes a fixed frame connection end and a door and window sash connection end. The fixed frame connection end is hinged to the pulley assembly, and the door and window sash connection end is hinged to the end of the door and window sash. By rotating the rotating arm, the door and window sash can be opened backward relative to the fixed frame. A temporary holding structure is provided between the fixed frame and the first sliding opening and closing mechanism. The temporary holding structure includes a limiting plate fixed on the lower fixed frame horizontal profile of the fixed frame and adjacent to the track, and a limiting member fixed on the pulley assembly and elastically deformable. The limiting member includes a limiting portion, and a limiting hole capable of accommodating the limiting portion is provided on the limiting plate. When the door and window sash slides along the track through the first sliding opening and closing mechanism, the limiting portion of the limiting member can slide into the limiting hole or slide out of the limiting hole. When the limiting member slides on the limiting plate, the limiting plate elastically deforms the limiting portion upward.

[0007] In the door and window involved in the present application, when the door and window sash slides along the track through the first sliding opening and closing mechanism, the limiting member moves together with the pulley assembly. When the limiting member moves to the limiting plate, the limiting member first slides on the upper surface of the limiting plate. At this time, the limiting plate elastically deforms the limiting portion upward. When the limiting member further moves to the limiting hole, the limiting portion slides into the limiting hole. At this time, the limiting portion returns to the natural state (i.e., the non-force state), and the door and window sash is temporarily held. When the temporary holding of the door and window sash is to be released, a certain amount of force in the left and right directions is applied to the door and window sash, then the limiting portion and the hole wall of the limiting hole are mutually extruded to elastically deform the limiting portion upward. Thus, the limiting portion slides out of the limiting hole, and the temporary holding of the door and window sash is released. Therefore, through the above temporary holding structure, the door and window sash can be temporarily held at a specific position, avoiding accidental sliding of the door and window sash when the user accidentally touches the door and window sash or the wind is too strong, effectively improving the user experience.

[0008] A preferred solution of the above technical solution is that the limiting member is a spring plunger. The spring plunger includes a housing, a spring provided inside the housing, and a ball located below the spring. The ball partially protrudes from the lower end of the housing. Since the spring plunger is a standard part, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

[0009] The preferred solution of the above technical solution is as follows: The outer surface of the housing is provided with an external thread. The pulley assembly includes a pulley bracket for mounting the pulley. One end of the pulley bracket close to the limit plate is provided with a mounting hole for mounting the spring plunger. The inner wall of the mounting hole is provided with an internal thread. The spring plunger is screwed into the mounting hole through the external thread and the internal thread. Before the pulley assembly is about to slide to the end of the track, the ball of the spring plunger slides on the limit plate, and the limit plate presses the ball to compress the spring. When the pulley assembly slides to the end of the track, the ball of the spring plunger slides from the upper surface of the limit plate into the limit hole, and the spring pushes the ball downward into the limit hole.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, since the spring plunger is threadedly connected to the mounting hole, the depth of the ball entering the mounting hole can be adjusted by rotating the spring plunger. In this way, the holding force of the temporary holding structure can be adjusted by adjusting the up and down position of the spring plunger according to actual needs, improving the user's operation feeling. In addition, when the door and window sash slides along the track through the first sliding opening and closing mechanism, the spring plunger moves together with the pulley assembly. When the spring plunger moves to the limit plate, the ball first slides on the upper surface of the limit plate. At this time, the limit plate moves the ball upward to compress the spring; when the spring plunger further moves to the limit hole, the ball slides into the limit hole. At this time, the spring returns to its natural state (i.e., non-loaded state) due to the absence of pressure and pushes the ball downward into the limit hole, and the door and window sash is temporarily held; when the temporary holding of the door and window sash is to be released, the door and window sash is pushed so that the ball is mutually pressed against the hole wall of the limit hole, then the ball moves upward to compress the spring and slides out of the limit hole, and the temporary holding of the door and window sash is released. In this way, the operation feeling of the door and window opening and closing operation can be improved through the temporary holding structure composed of the spring plunger.

[0011] The preferred solution of the above technical solution is as follows: The limit plate is provided with a guiding inclined surface near the end of the track. The guiding inclined surface extends obliquely in a way that the closer it is to the upper surface of the limit plate, the farther it is from the track. A chamfered portion is provided at the upper edge of the limit hole. In this way, it can make the limiting member easily slide from the outside of the limit plate to the upper surface of the limit plate 101, and make the limiting member easily slide out of the limit hole, improving the user's operation feeling.

[0012] The preferred solution of the above technical solution is that when the door and window sash is in the closed state, the limiting part of the limiting member is located in the limiting hole. In this way, when the user operates the door and window sash to make the door and window in a ventilated state, that is, when pulling the handle lock mechanism backward to make the door and window sash move backward parallel to the fixed frame, since the limiting part is located in the limiting hole, the door and window sash is temporarily held. Therefore, the door and window sash will not slide to the left due to the force, ensuring that the door and window is in a ventilated state, avoiding accidental left sliding of the door and window sash due to misoperation, and at the same time, after the door and window is in a ventilated state, it will not accidentally slide due to excessive wind; when it is necessary to further slide the door and window sash to make the door and window in an open state, applying a certain amount of force to the door and window sash can release the temporary holding of the door and window sash. Thus, the user experience can be improved.

[0013] The preferred solution of the above technical solution is that the limiting hole is an elongated hole extending in the front-back direction. When the door and window sash is in the closed state, the limiting part of the limiting member is located at the front side of the elongated hole. When the door and window in this application is a translational inwards-opening window with an inwards-tilting function, by setting the limiting hole as an elongated hole extending in the front-back direction, the limiting hole can be adapted to the inwards-tilting mechanism of the translational inwards-opening window.

[0014] The preferred solution of the above technical solution is that the door and window sash includes a door and window sash connecting member. A connecting member mounting hole for receiving and fixing the door and window sash connecting member is provided on the outer side surface of the lower sash frame horizontal profile of the door and window sash. The sash connecting end of the rotating arm is hinged to the door and window sash connecting member. In this way, by providing a door and window sash connecting member hinged to the sash connecting end of the rotating arm and fixing the door and window sash connecting member to the lower sash frame horizontal profile with higher strength in the door and window sash, the strength of the door and window sash can be ensured, thus guaranteeing the overall quality of the door and window.

[0015] The preferred solution of the above technical solution is that when observed from the front-back direction, the door and window sash connecting member is in a stepped shape. The first step of the door and window sash connecting member is composed of fixed arm parts on both sides of the lower end of the door and window sash connecting member. First fixing through holes are provided on the fixed arm parts. First profile fixing holes are provided on the outer profile of the lower sash frame horizontal profile. The fixed arm parts are abutted against the outer profile. The first step is fixed to the outer profile through a connecting member, the first fixing through holes and the first profile fixing holes. The second step of the door and window sash connecting member is located above the first step. In the left-right direction, the length of the second step is less than the length of the first step. Second fixing through holes are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the second step. Second profile fixing holes are provided on the inner profile of the lower sash frame horizontal profile. The upper surface of the second step is abutted against the inner profile. The second step is fixed to the inner profile through a connecting member, the second fixing through holes and the second profile fixing holes.

[0016] The doors and windows provided herein utilize a stepped door and window sash connector, with the first and second steps of the door and window sash connector respectively fixed to the outer and inner profiles of the lower sash frame transverse profile. This double-layer fixing structure allows the door and window sash connector to be securely fixed to the lower sash frame transverse profile, further enhancing the strength of the door and window sash.

[0017] A preferred embodiment of the above technical solution is as follows: a blind hole is provided between the two second fixing through-holes of the second step, a hinge structure is provided in the blind hole, and the door and window sash connecting end of the rotating arm is hingedly connected to the door and window sash connecting member via the hinge structure. Thus, by providing a blind hole in the door and window sash connecting member, the door and window sash connecting end of the rotating arm is hingedly connected to the door and window sash connecting member via the hinge structure provided in the blind hole. This improves the hinge strength between the rotating arm and the door and window sash connecting member, further enhancing the overall strength of the door and window.

[0018] The preferred solution of the above technical solution is: the hinge structure includes a bearing, an annular base, an open ring, a hinge shaft and a cover plate, the annular base includes a first hole portion and a second hole portion coaxially arranged along the axial direction of the annular base, the diameter of the second hole portion is larger than the diameter of the first hole portion and the inner diameter of the bearing, the open ring is accommodated in the second hole portion, the inner diameter of the open ring is smaller than the diameter of the hinge shaft, the outer diameter of the open ring is larger than the diameter of the first hole portion and the inner diameter of the bearing, the cover plate is fixed to the lower end of the door and window sash connecting piece, used to prevent the bearing, the annular base and the open ring from escaping from the blind hole, an opening coaxial with the bearing and the annular base is opened on the cover plate, the hinge shaft is arranged in the opening, the bearing and the annular base, an annular groove is provided at a position corresponding to the opening ring on the outer surface of the hinge shaft, and the opening ring is located in the annular groove. Through the above structure, the open ring can be elastically deformed in its radial direction due to the opening. In the process of inserting the hinge shaft into the opening of the bearing, the annular base, the open ring and the cover plate, the open ring elastically opens outward when it contacts the outer surface of the hinge shaft except the annular groove. When the annular groove of the hinge shaft moves to the position of the open ring, the elastic deformation of the open ring recovers inward and is stuck in the annular groove, thereby fixing the hinge shaft axially.

[0019] A preferred embodiment of the above technical solution is that there are two bearings, and the annular base is located between the two bearings, so that the axial fixation of the hinge shaft can be made more stable.

[0020] The preferred solution of the above technical solution is: the door and window sash connecting piece further includes a third step arranged above the second step, and the blind hole extends into the third step. By arranging the third step, the length of the blind hole can be extended, and thus the space for arranging the hinge structure can be increased, thereby improving the hinge strength between the rotating arm and the door and window sash connecting piece and further enhancing the overall strength of the door and window.

[0021] The preferred solution of the above technical solution is: both the bearing and the annular base are in clearance fit with the blind hole, and the hinge shaft is in clearance fit with the bearing and the first hole part. In this way, the hinge strength between the rotating arm and the door and window sash connecting piece can be improved, and the overall strength of the door and window can be further enhanced.

[0022] The preferred solution of the above technical solution is: the end of the hinge shaft inserted into one side of the door and window sash connecting piece is provided with a chamfer part. When the hinge shaft passes through the split ring, the chamfer part of the hinge shaft presses the split ring and makes the split ring elastically open outwards. The chamfer part of the hinge shaft can play a guiding role, making it easy for the hinge shaft to pass through the opening on the cover plate and the split ring.

[0023] The preferred solution of the above technical solution is: two third fixing through holes are provided on the cover plate, and the two third fixing through holes are respectively aligned with the two second fixing through holes, or the two third fixing through holes are respectively aligned with the two first fixing through holes. In this way, when the two third fixing through holes are respectively aligned with the two second fixing through holes, the cover plate can be fixed to the lower end of the door and window sash connecting piece while the second step of the door and window sash connecting piece is fixed to the inner profile through the connecting piece, the second fixing through hole and the second profile fixing hole; when the two third fixing through holes are respectively aligned with the two first fixing through holes, the cover plate can be fixed to the lower end of the door and window sash connecting piece while the first step is fixed to the outer profile through the connecting piece, the first fixing through hole and the first profile fixing hole.

[0024] The preferred solution of the above technical solution is: two door and window sash connecting pieces are provided, which are respectively located on both sides of the lower sash frame horizontal profile of the door and window sash. By hinging the two rotating arms to the door and window sash connecting pieces on both sides of the lower sash frame horizontal profile respectively, the force on the door and window sash can be made uniform, and the overall strength of the door and window can be further enhanced.

[0025] As described above, a kind of door and window involved in the present utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. Through the temporary holding structure of the door and window of the present application, the door and window sash can be temporarily held at a specific position, avoiding accidental sliding of the door and window sash when the user accidentally touches the door and window sash or the wind is too strong, effectively improving the user experience.

[0027] 2. By setting a door / window sash connecting member hinged to the connecting end of the door / window sash of the rotating arm and fixing the door / window sash connecting member on the lower side sash frame horizontal profile with relatively high strength in the door / window sash, the strength of the door / window sash can be ensured, and thus the overall quality of the door / window is guaranteed. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0028] Figure 1 This is the front view of the indoor side of the door / window in the present application, in which the door / window sash is in the closed state in this figure.

[0029] Figure 2 This is the three-dimensional view of the door / window in the present application, in which the door / window sash is in the open state in this figure.

[0030] Figure 3 This is the schematic structural view of the track, pulley assembly, rotating arm and temporary holding structure installed on the fixed frame horizontal profile when the door / window sash of the door / window in the present application is closed.

[0031] Figure 4 This is the schematic structural view of the track, pulley assembly, rotating arm and temporary holding structure installed on the fixed frame horizontal profile when the door / window sash of the door / window in the present application is open.

[0032] Figure 5 This is the schematic structural view of the pulley assembly and the limiting member of the door / window in the present application.

[0033] Figure 6 This is the top view of the pulley assembly, rotating arm and temporary holding structure when the door / window sash of the door / window in the present application is closed.

[0034] Figure 7 For Figure 6 Cross-sectional view taken along the A-A direction.

[0035] Figure 8 This is the schematic structural view of the temporary holding structure when the door / window sash of the door / window in the present application is not temporarily held.

[0036] Figure 9 This is the three-dimensional view of the limiting member of the door / window in the present application.

[0037] Figure 10 This is the top view of the limiting plate of the door / window in the present application.

[0038] Figure 11 This is the three-dimensional view of the door / window sash of the door / window in the present application.

[0039] Figure 12 This is the schematic structural view of the door / window sash connecting member installed on the lower side sash frame horizontal profile of the door / window sash of the door / window in the present application.

[0040] Figure 13 For Figure 12 Cross-sectional view taken along the B-B direction.

[0041] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pulley assembly, rotating arm and door and window sash connector of the door and window in this application when assembled.

[0042] Figure 15 This is a top view of the assembled pulley assembly, rotating arm and door and window sash connector of the door and window in this application.

[0043] Figure 16 for Figure 15 CC section view.

[0044] Figure 17 This is an exploded view of the door and window sash connector of the doors and windows in this application.

[0045] Figure 18 This is an axial cross-sectional view of the annular base of the door and window in this application.

[0046] Component number description

[0047] 10 Fixed frame

[0048] 101 limit plate

[0049] 101A limit hole

[0050] 101B Guide ramp

[0051] 110 Lower fixed frame horizontal profile

[0052] 20 Door and window sashes

[0053] 201 Door and window sash connector

[0054] 201A Fixed arm

[0055] 201B First fixing hole

[0056] 201C Second fixing hole

[0057] 201D blind hole

[0058] 202 connectors

[0059] 203 bearings

[0060] 204 Ring Base

[0061] 204A First hole

[0062] 204B Second hole

[0063] 205 split ring

[0064] 206 articulated shaft

[0065] 206A annular groove

[0066] 207 Cover plate

[0067] 207A Opening

[0068] 207B Third fixing through hole

[0069] 21 Fan frame

[0070] 210 Lower side horizontal profile of the fan frame

[0071] 211 Outer profile

[0072] 211A First profile fixing hole

[0073] 212 Inner profile

[0074] 212A Second profile fixing hole

[0075] 213 Connector mounting hole

[0076] 22 Window sash panel

[0077] 30 First sliding opening and closing mechanism

[0078] 31 Track

[0079] 32 Pulley assembly

[0080] 321 Limiting part

[0081] 321A Limiting portion

[0082] 322 Pulley

[0083] 323 Pulley bracket

[0084] 323A Mounting hole

[0085] 33 Rotating arm

[0086] 331 Fixed frame connection end

[0087] 332 Door and window sash connection end

[0088] 40 Handle lock mechanism Specific embodiments

[0089] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation manners of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present utility model from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0090] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the attached drawings of this specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification for those familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present utility model can be implemented. Therefore, they do not have substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change in the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects that the present utility model can produce and the purposes that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope covered by the technical content disclosed in the present utility model. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", and "one" cited in this specification are only for the convenience of narration and are not used to limit the scope of implementation of the present utility model. The change or adjustment of their relative relationships, without substantial change in the technical content, should also be regarded as the scope within which the present utility model can be implemented.

[0091] It should also be noted that when an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. When an element is referred to as "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or it can also be indirectly connected to the other element through an intermediate element.

[0092] In addition, in this application, the descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions between various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of those of ordinary skill in the art to implement. When the combination of technical solutions results in contradictions or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this application.

[0093] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, this application provides a door and window, including a fixed frame 10, a door and window sash 20, a first sliding opening and closing mechanism 30, a second sliding opening and closing mechanism, and a handle lock mechanism 40. For the convenience of narration, in the following embodiments, the definitions of each direction are as follows: the width direction of the door and window is defined as the left-right direction, the height direction of the door and window is defined as the up-down direction, the thickness direction of the door and window is defined as the front-back direction, and the thickness direction of the door and window is also the indoor-outdoor direction, and the outdoor side direction is the front direction, and the indoor side direction is the back direction. Based on this, Figure 1 in the view shown, the left side and the right side of the paper surface are the left direction and the right direction respectively, the upper side and the lower side of the paper surface are the up direction and the down direction respectively, and the front side and the back side of the paper surface are the back direction and the front direction respectively.

[0094] As Figures 1 to 4As shown, the fixed frame 10 is fixed at the opening of the building and includes a fixed frame horizontal profile extending left and right and a fixed frame vertical profile extending up and down. Among them, the fixed frame horizontal profile includes an upper fixed frame horizontal profile and a lower fixed frame horizontal profile 110, and the fixed frame vertical profile includes a left fixed frame vertical profile and a right fixed frame vertical profile. The door and window sash 20 is slidably installed on the fixed frame 10 through a first sliding opening and closing mechanism 30 and a second sliding opening and closing mechanism. The first sliding opening and closing mechanism 30 is installed between the lower end of the door and window sash 20 and the fixed frame 10, and the second sliding opening and closing mechanism is installed between the upper end of the door and window sash 20 and the fixed frame 10. The door and window sash 20 includes a sash frame 21 and a window sash panel 22 inside the sash frame 21. The sash frame 21 includes a sash frame horizontal profile extending left and right and a sash frame vertical profile extending up and down. Among them, the sash frame horizontal profile includes an upper sash frame horizontal profile and a lower sash frame horizontal profile 210, and the sash frame vertical profile includes a left sash frame vertical profile and a right sash frame vertical profile. The window sash panel 22 is usually glass.

[0095] Figures 1 to 4 (Among them Figure 3 and Figure 4 the fixed frame horizontal profile is omitted) Taking the first sliding opening and closing mechanism 30 as an example, the basic structures of the first sliding opening and closing mechanism 30 and the second sliding opening and closing mechanism are shown. Both the first sliding opening and closing mechanism 30 and the second sliding opening and closing mechanism include a track 31 provided on the fixed frame horizontal profile of the fixed frame 10, a pulley assembly 32 slidably provided on the track 31, and a rotating arm 33. The track 31 extends in the left-right direction on the fixed frame horizontal profile. The pulley assembly 32 can slide left and right along the track 31. The rotating arm 33 includes a fixed frame connection end 331 and a door and window sash connection end 332. The fixed frame connection end 331 is hinged to the pulley assembly 32, and the door and window sash connection end 332 is hinged to the end of the door and window sash 20. Thus, the opening sliding operation of the door and window sash 20 is as follows: Rotate the handle lock mechanism 40 to make the door and window sash 20 in the unlocked state, and pull the handle lock mechanism 40 backward to make the door and window sash 20 move backward parallel to the fixed frame 10. At this time, the door and window sash 20 moves backward away from the fixed frame 10, and at the same time drives the rotating arm 33 to rotate backward to a predetermined angle with the hinge point between the fixed frame connection end 331 and the pulley assembly 32 as the rotation center. Then, a gap of a certain distance is formed between the door and window sash 20 and the fixed frame 10, and the state of the door and window at this time is defined as the ventilation state; when it is necessary to further open the door and window sash 20, push the door and window sash 20 to the left. At this time, the leftward thrust received by the door and window sash 20 is transmitted to the pulley assembly 32 through the rotating arm 33, then the pulley assembly 32 drives the door and window sash 20 to move to the left, and the door and window sash 20 is further opened. The state of the door and window at this time is defined as the open state. In this embodiment, the door and window sash 20 is configured to slide to the left to become the open state. In other embodiments, the door and window sash 20 can also be configured to slide to the right to become the open state.

[0096] Such as Figures 3 to 8As shown, a temporary holding structure is provided between the fixed frame 10 and the first sliding opening / closing mechanism 30. Through the temporary holding structure, the door / window sash 20 can be temporarily held at a specific position. Specifically, the temporary holding structure includes: a limit plate 101 fixed on the lower fixed frame horizontal profile 110 of the fixed frame 10 and adjacent to the track 31, and a limit member 321 fixed on the pulley assembly 32 and capable of elastic deformation. The limit member 321 includes a limit portion 321A, and a limit hole 101A capable of receiving the limit portion 321A is formed on the limit plate 101. The limit portion 321A is located at the lower end of the limit member 321. In the natural state (i.e., the non-loaded state), the lower surface of the limit portion 321A is lower than the upper surface of the limit plate 101. When the door / window sash 20 slides along the track 31 through the first sliding opening / closing mechanism 30, the limit member 321 moves together with the pulley assembly 32. When the limit member 321 moves to the position of the limit plate 101, the limit member 321 first slides on the upper surface of the limit plate 101. At this time, the limit plate 101 causes the limit portion 321A to elastically deform upward. When the limit member 321 further moves to the position of the limit hole 101A, the limit portion 321A slides into the limit hole 101A. At this time, the limit portion 321A returns to the natural state (i.e., the non-loaded state), and the door / window sash 20 is temporarily held. When the temporary holding of the door / window sash 20 is to be released, a certain magnitude of force in the left-right direction is applied to the door / window sash 20, then the limit portion 321A and the hole wall of the limit hole 101A are mutually extruded to cause the limit portion 321A to elastically deform upward. Thus, the limit portion 321A slides out of the limit hole 101A, and the temporary holding of the door / window sash 20 is released. Among them, when the temporary holding of the door / window sash 20 is released, the contact surface where the limit portion 321A and the hole wall of the limit hole 101A are mutually extruded is a curved surface or an inclined surface to ensure that the limit portion 321A can slide out of the limit hole 101A when a certain magnitude of force is applied.

[0097] Through the above temporary holding structure, the door / window sash 20 can be temporarily held at a specific position, avoiding accidental sliding of the door / window sash 20 when the user accidentally touches the door / window sash 20 or the wind is too strong, effectively improving the user experience. The temporary holding structure can be set at a specific position as needed. For example, it can be set as: when the door / window sash 20 is in the closed state, the position where the limit portion 321A of the limit member 321 is located in the limit hole 101A; or when the door / window sash 20 is in the fully open position, the position where the limit portion 321A of the limit member 321 is located in the limit hole 101A.

[0098] Preferably, when the door and window sash 20 is in the closed state, the limiting portion 321A of the limiting member 321 is located in the limiting hole 101A. In this way, when the user operates the door and window sash 20 to make the door and window in a ventilated state, that is, when pulling the handle lock mechanism 40 backward to make the door and window sash 20 move backward in parallel relative to the fixed frame 10, since the limiting portion 321A is located in the limiting hole 101A, the door and window sash 20 is temporarily held. Therefore, the door and window sash 20 will not slide to the left due to the force, which can ensure that the door and window is in a ventilated state, prevent the door and window sash 20 from sliding to the left due to misoperation, and at the same time, after the door and window is in a ventilated state, the door and window sash 20 will not accidentally slide due to excessive wind; when it is necessary to further slide the door and window sash 20 to make the door and window in an open state, a certain amount of force can be applied to the door and window sash 20 to release the temporary holding of the door and window sash 20. Thus, the user experience can be improved.

[0099] Further, as Figures 7 to 9 shown, the limiting member 321 is preferably a spring plunger. The spring plunger includes a housing, a spring (not shown) disposed inside the housing, and a ball located below the spring. The ball partially protrudes from the lower end of the housing. Since the spring plunger is a standard part, the manufacturing cost can be reduced. In other embodiments, the limiting member 321 can also be of other structures. For example, the limiting member 321 is composed of an elastically extending horizontal arm and a hook portion located at the free end of the elastic arm. The hook portion slides into the limiting hole 101A or slides out of the limiting hole 101A through the deformation of the elastic arm.

[0100] Further, as Figure 7 shown, the outer surface of the housing of the spring plunger is provided with an external thread. The pulley assembly 32 includes a pulley bracket 323 for installing the pulley 322. One end of the pulley bracket 323 close to the limiting plate 101 is provided with an installation hole 323A for installing the spring plunger. The inner wall of the installation hole 323A is provided with an internal thread. The spring plunger is screwed into the installation hole 323A through the external thread on the outer surface of the housing and the internal thread of the installation hole 323A. Since the spring plunger is threadedly connected to the installation hole 323A, the vertical position of the ball can be adjusted by rotating the spring plunger, and thus the depth of the ball entering the installation hole 323A can be adjusted. If the depth of the ball entering the installation hole 323A is deeper, the compression amount of the spring is greater when the ball slides out of the installation hole 323A, and a greater force is required to make the ball slide out of the installation hole 323A. In this way, the holding force of the temporary holding structure can be adjusted by adjusting the vertical position of the spring plunger according to actual needs, and the user operation feeling can be improved.

[0101] Before the pulley assembly 32 is about to slide to the end of the track 31, the ball of the spring plunger slides on the limit plate 101, and the limit plate 101 presses the ball to compress the spring. When the pulley assembly 32 slides to the end of the track 31, the ball of the spring plunger slides from the upper surface of the limit plate 101 into the limit hole 101A, and at this time the spring pushes the ball downward into the limit hole 101A. That is to say, when the limiting member 321 is a spring plunger, the action of the temporary fixing structure is as follows: when the door and window sash 20 slides along the track 31 through the first sliding opening and closing mechanism 30, the spring plunger moves together with the pulley assembly 32. When the spring plunger moves to the limit plate 101, the ball first slides on the upper surface of the limit plate 101. At this time, the limit plate 101 moves the ball upward to compress the spring; when the spring plunger further moves to the limit hole 101A, the ball slides into the limit hole 101A. At this time, the spring returns to its natural state (i.e., the non-force state) due to the absence of pressure and pushes the ball downward into the limit hole 101A, and the door and window sash 20 is temporarily held; when the temporary holding of the door and window sash 20 is to be released, the door and window sash 20 is pushed so that the mutual extrusion between the ball and the hole wall of the limit hole 101A causes the ball to move upward to compress the spring and slide out of the limit hole 101A, and the temporary holding of the door and window sash 20 is released. In this way, the operation feeling of the door and window opening and closing operation can be improved through the temporary fixing structure composed of the spring plunger.

[0102] Furthermore, as Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, a guiding inclined surface 101B is provided at the end of the limit plate 101 close to the track 31. The guiding inclined surface 101B extends obliquely in a manner that the closer it is to the upper surface of the limit plate 101, the farther it is from the track 31, and a chamfered portion is provided at the upper edge of the limit hole 101A. In this way, due to the provision of the guiding inclined surface 101B of the limit plate 101 and the chamfered portion of the limit hole 101A, the limiting member 321 can be easily slid from the outside of the limit plate 101 to the upper surface of the limit plate 101, and the limiting member 321 can be easily slid out of the limit hole 101A, improving the operation feeling of the user.

[0103] Furthermore, the temporary fixing structure of the present application can also be applied to a translation and inverting type door and window. A translation and inverting type door and window is a door and window that can achieve the opening and closing of the door and window by the door and window sash moving backward in parallel relative to the fixed frame and sliding left and right, and can also achieve the inverting type opening of the door and window by tilting the door and window sash inward into the room by a certain angle. In addition to the above-mentioned door and window structure, the translation and inverting type door and window further includes an inverting mechanism for realizing the inward tilting and opening of the door and window sash. When the temporary fixing structure of the present application is applied to a translation and inverting type door and window, in order to be adapted to the inverting mechanism, as Figure 10 shown, the limit hole 101A is set as an elongated hole extending in the front-rear direction. When the door and window sash 20 is in the closed state, the limiting portion 321A of the limiting member 321 is located on the front side of the elongated hole.

[0104] The doors and windows provided by this application also include the following technical solutions for ensuring the strength of the door and window sashes: As Figures 11 to 13 shown, the door and window sash 20 includes a door and window sash connecting member 201. A connecting member mounting hole 213 for receiving and fixing the door and window sash connecting member 201 is formed on the outer side surface of the lower sash frame horizontal profile 210 of the door and window sash 20. The door and window sash connection end 332 of the rotating arm 33 is hinged to the door and window sash connecting member 201. In Figure 12 the lower sash frame horizontal profile 210, the connecting member mounting hole 213 when the door and window sash connecting member 201 is not installed is shown on the left side of the outer side surface, and the connecting member mounting hole 213 with the door and window sash connecting member 201 installed is shown on the right side. Thus, by providing a door and window sash connecting member 201 hinged to the door and window sash connection end 332 of the rotating arm 33 and fixing the door and window sash connecting member 201 on the lower sash frame horizontal profile 210 with relatively high strength in the door and window sash 20, the strength of the door and window sash 20 can be ensured, and the overall quality of the doors and windows is guaranteed.

[0105] Furthermore, as Figure 13 shown, the lower sash frame horizontal profile 210 for fixing the door and window sash connecting member 201 includes: an outer profile 211 with the lower surface serving as the lower outer surface of the door and window sash 20 and an inner profile 212 located above the outer profile 211. The specific structure of the door and window sash connecting member 201 is: when viewed from the front-rear direction, the door and window sash connecting member 201 is stepped. The first step of the door and window sash connecting member 201 is composed of fixing arm portions 201A on both sides of the lower end of the door and window sash connecting member 201. First fixing through holes 201B are formed on the fixing arm portions 201A. First profile fixing holes 211A are formed on the outer profile 211 of the lower sash frame horizontal profile 210. When the door and window sash connecting member 201 is inserted into the connecting member mounting hole 213, the fixing arm portions 201A abut against the lower surface of the outer profile 211, and the first step is fixed on the outer profile 211 through the connecting member 202, the first fixing through holes 201B, and the first profile fixing holes 211A; the second step of the door and window sash connecting member 201 is located above the first step. In the left-right direction, the length of the second step is less than that of the first step. Second fixing through holes 201C penetrating the lower surface and the upper surface of the second step of the door and window sash connecting member 201 are respectively formed on the second steps on both left and right sides. Second profile fixing holes 212A are formed on the inner profile 212 of the lower sash frame horizontal profile 210. When the door and window sash connecting member 201 is inserted into the connecting member mounting hole 213, the upper surface of the second step abuts against the lower surface of the inner profile 212, and the second step is fixed on the inner profile 212 through the connecting member 202, the second fixing through holes 201C, and the second profile fixing holes 212A. The connecting member 202 can be, for example, a screw or a rivet, and the door and window sash connecting member 201 is fixed on the lower sash frame horizontal profile 210 through threaded connection or riveting.

[0106] The doors and windows provided by the present application adopt a stepped door and window sash connecting member 201, and the first step and the second step of the door and window sash connecting member 201 are respectively fixed on the outer profile 211 and the inner profile 212 of the lower sash frame horizontal profile 210. In this way, through the double-layer fixing structure, the door and window sash connecting member 201 can be firmly fixed on the lower sash frame horizontal profile 210, further enhancing the strength of the door and window sash 20.

[0107] Furthermore, as Figure 13 and Figure 16 shown, a blind hole 201D penetrating downward through the lower surface of the door and window sash connecting member 201 is provided between two second fixing through holes 201C on the second step of the door and window sash connecting member 201. An articulated structure is provided in the blind hole 201D, and the door and window connecting end 332 of the rotating arm 33 is articulated with the door and window sash connecting member 201 through the articulated structure. In this way, by providing the blind hole 201D in the door and window sash connecting member 201, and the door and window connecting end 332 of the rotating arm 33 is articulated with the door and window sash connecting member 201 through the articulated structure provided in the blind hole 201D, the articulation strength between the rotating arm 33 and the door and window sash connecting member 201 can be improved, further enhancing the overall strength of the doors and windows.

[0108] Furthermore, as Figures 16 to 18 shown, the articulated structure includes a bearing 203, an annular base 204, a split ring 205, an articulated shaft 206 and a cover plate 207. The annular base 204 includes a first hole portion 204A and a second hole portion 204B coaxially arranged along the axial direction of the annular base 204. The diameter of the second hole portion 204B is larger than the diameter of the first hole portion 204A and the inner diameter of the bearing 203. The split ring 205 is received in the second hole portion 204B. The inner diameter of the split ring 205 is smaller than the diameter of the articulated shaft 206, and the outer diameter of the split ring 205 is larger than the diameter of the first hole portion 204A and the inner diameter of the bearing 203. The cover plate 207 is fixed to the lower end of the door and window sash connecting member 201 to prevent the bearing 203, the annular base 204 and the split ring 205 from disengaging from the blind hole 201D. An opening 207A coaxial with the bearing 203 and the annular base 204 is provided on the cover plate 207. The articulated shaft 206 is arranged in the opening 207A, the bearing 203 and the annular base 204. An annular groove 206A is provided at a position on the outer surface of the articulated shaft 206 corresponding to the split ring 205, and the split ring 205 is located in the annular groove 206A. Among them, the bearing 203 is preferably a needle bearing. In addition, the end of the articulated shaft 206 on the side not inserted into the door and window sash connecting member 201 is fixedly connected to the door and window connecting end 332 of the rotating arm 33, preferably by threaded connection.

[0109] The method for installing the hinge structure in the blind hole 201D is as follows: Place the split ring 205 in the second hole portion 204B of the annular base 204, then arrange the bearing 203 and the annular base 204 containing the split ring 205 along the axial direction of the blind hole 201D and place them in the blind hole 201D. Then fix the cover plate 207 to the lower end of the door and window sash connector 201. Finally, insert the hinge shaft 206 from the lower end of the door and window sash connector 201 into the opening 207A of the cover plate 207, the bearing 203, the annular base 204, and the split ring 205, and make the split ring 205 located in the annular groove 206A. The split ring 205 can elastically deform along its radial direction due to the opening. During the process of passing the hinge shaft 206 through the bearing 203, the annular base 204, the split ring 205, and the opening 207A of the cover plate 207, when the split ring 205 contacts the outer surface of the hinge shaft 206 except for the annular groove 206A, it elastically opens outwards. When the annular groove 206A of the hinge shaft 206 moves to the position of the split ring 205, the elastic deformation of the split ring 205 recovers inwards and snaps into the annular groove 206A, thereby axially fixing the hinge shaft 206.

[0110] Furthermore, inside the blind hole 201D, there are various arrangement ways for the bearing 203, the annular base 204, and the split ring 205. Figure 16 One preferred arrangement way is provided, that is, there are two bearings 203, and the annular base 204 is located between the two bearings 203. In this way, the axial fixation of the hinge shaft 206 can be made more stable. In other embodiments, for example, it can also be to set one bearing 203, and the annular base 204 containing the split ring 205 is located above or below the bearing 203.

[0111] Furthermore, as Figure 13 and Figure 16 shown, the door and window sash connector 201 further includes a third step provided above the second step, and the blind hole 201D extends into the third step. By providing the third step, the length of the blind hole 201D can be extended, and thus the space for arranging the hinge structure can be increased. Thereby, the hinge strength between the rotating arm 33 and the door and window sash connector 201 can be improved, and the overall strength of the door and window can be further enhanced.

[0112] Furthermore, both the bearing 203 and the annular base 204 are in clearance fit with the blind hole 201D, and the hinge shaft 206 is in clearance fit with the bearing 203 and the first hole portion 204A. In this way, the hinge strength between the rotating arm 33 and the door and window sash connector 201 can be improved, and the overall strength of the door and window can be further enhanced.

[0113] Furthermore, as Figure 16 and Figure 17As shown, the end of the hinge shaft 206 inserted into one side of the door and window sash connecting member 201 is provided with a chamfered portion. When the hinge shaft 206 passes through the opening 207A of the cover plate 207, the chamfered portion of the hinge shaft 206 can play a guiding role, making it easy for the hinge shaft 206 to pass through the opening 207A. And when the hinge shaft 206 passes through the split ring 205, the chamfered portion of the hinge shaft 206 squeezes the split ring 205 and makes the split ring 205 elastically open outward.

[0114] Further, as Figure 13 and Figure 17 shown, two third fixing through holes 207B are provided on the cover plate 207, and the two third fixing through holes 207B are respectively aligned with the two second fixing through holes 201C, or the two third fixing through holes 207B are respectively aligned with the two first fixing through holes 201B. In this way, in the case where the two third fixing through holes 207B are respectively aligned with the two second fixing through holes 201C, when the second step of the door and window sash connecting member 201 is fixed to the inner profile 212 through the connecting member 202, the second fixing through hole 201C and the second profile fixing hole 212A, the cover plate 207 can be fixed to the lower end of the door and window sash connecting member 201 at the same time; in the case where the two third fixing through holes 207B are respectively aligned with the two first fixing through holes 201B, when the first step is fixed to the outer profile 211 through the connecting member 202, the first fixing through hole 201B and the first profile fixing hole 211A, the cover plate 207 can be fixed to the lower end of the door and window sash connecting member 201 at the same time.

[0115] Further, as Figure 11 and Figure 12 shown, two door and window sash connecting members 201 are provided, which are respectively located on both sides of the lower sash frame horizontal profile of the door and window sash 20. By hinging the two rotating arms to the door and window sash connecting members 201 on both sides of the lower sash frame horizontal profile respectively, the force on the door and window sash can be made uniform, and the overall strength of the door and window can be further enhanced.

[0116] In summary, the utility model effectively overcomes various disadvantages in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

[0117] The above embodiments are only illustrative of the principles and effects of the utility model, and are not used to limit the utility model. Any person familiar with this technology can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical idea disclosed by the utility model should still be covered by the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. A door and window, which comprises a fixed frame (10), a door and window sash (20) slidably installed on the fixed frame (10), a first sliding opening and closing mechanism (30) installed between the lower end of the door and window sash (20) and the fixed frame (10), and a second sliding opening and closing mechanism installed between the upper end of the door and window sash (20) and the fixed frame (10). The door and window sash (20) is installed on the fixed frame (10) through the first sliding opening and closing mechanism (30) and the second sliding opening and closing mechanism. Both the first sliding opening and closing mechanism (30) and the second sliding opening and closing mechanism include a track (31) provided on the horizontal profile of the fixed frame of the fixed frame (10), a pulley assembly (32) slidably provided on the track (31), and a rotating arm (33). The rotating arm (33) includes a fixed frame connection end (331) and a door and window sash connection end (332). The fixed frame connection end (331) is hinged to the pulley assembly (32), and the door and window sash connection end (332) is hinged to the end of the door and window sash (20). By rotating the rotating arm (33), the door and window sash (20) can be opened backward relative to the fixed frame (10). It is characterized in that: A temporary holding structure is provided between the fixed frame (10) and the first sliding opening and closing mechanism (30). The temporary holding structure includes a limiting plate (101) fixed on the lower horizontal profile (110) of the fixed frame (10) and adjacent to the track (31), and a limiting member (321) fixed on the pulley assembly (32) and elastically deformable. The limiting member (321) includes a limiting portion (321A). A limiting hole (101A) capable of receiving the limiting portion (321A) is provided on the limiting plate (101). When the door and window sash (20) slides along the track (31) through the first sliding opening and closing mechanism (30), the limiting portion (321A) of the limiting member (321) can slide into the limiting hole (101A) or slide out of the limiting hole (101A). When the limiting member (321) slides on the limiting plate (101), the limiting plate (101) elastically deforms the limiting portion (321A) upward.

2. The door and window according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting member (321) is a spring plunger. The spring plunger includes a housing, a spring provided inside the housing, and a ball located below the spring. The ball partially protrudes from the lower end of the housing.

3. The door and window according to claim 2, wherein: The outer surface of the housing is provided with an external thread. The pulley assembly (32) includes a pulley bracket (323) for mounting a pulley (322). One end of the pulley bracket (323) close to the limit plate (101) is provided with a mounting hole (323A) for mounting the spring plunger. The inner wall of the mounting hole (323A) is provided with an internal thread. The spring plunger is screwed into the mounting hole (323A) through the external thread and the internal thread. Before the pulley assembly (32) slides to the end of the track (31), the ball of the spring plunger slides on the limit plate (101), and the limit plate (101) presses the ball to compress the spring. When the pulley assembly (32) slides to the end of the track (31), the ball of the spring plunger slides from the upper surface of the limit plate (101) into the limit hole (101A), and the spring pushes the ball downward into the limit hole (101A).

4. The door and window according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the limit plate (101) close to the track (31) is provided with a guiding inclined surface (101B). The guiding inclined surface (101B) extends obliquely in a way that the farther it is from the upper surface of the limit plate (101), the farther it is from the track (31). A chamfered portion is provided at the upper edge of the limit hole (101A).

5. The door and window according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the door and window sash (20) is in the closed state, the limiting portion (321A) of the limiting member (321) is located in the limit hole (101A).

6. The door and window according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limit hole (101A) is a long hole extending in the front-back direction. When the door and window sash (20) is in the closed state, the limiting portion (321A) of the limiting member (321) is located on the front side of the long hole.

7. The door and window according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The door and window sash (20) includes a door and window sash connecting member (201). A connecting member mounting hole (213) for receiving and fixing the door and window sash connecting member (201) is formed on the outer side surface of the lower sash frame horizontal profile (210) of the door and window sash (20). The door and window sash connecting end (332) of the rotating arm (33) is hinged to the door and window sash connecting member (201).

8. The door and window according to claim 7, characterized in that: When observed from the front-back direction, the door and window sash connecting member (201) is in a stepped shape. The first step of the door and window sash connecting member (201) is formed by fixed arm portions (201A) on both sides of the lower end of the door and window sash connecting member (201). First fixing through holes (201B) are formed on the fixed arm portions (201A). First profile fixing holes (211A) are formed on the outer profile (211) of the lower sash frame horizontal profile (210). The fixed arm portions (201A) abut against the outer profile (211), and the first step is fixed to the outer profile (211) through a connecting member (202), the first fixing through holes (201B) and the first profile fixing holes (211A). The second step of the door and window sash connecting piece (201) is located above the first step. In the left - right direction, the length of the second step is less than that of the first step. Second fixing through - holes (201C) are respectively formed on the left and right sides of the second step. A second profile fixing hole (212A) is formed on the inner profile (212) of the lower sash frame horizontal profile (210). The upper surface of the second step abuts against the inner profile (212), and the second step is fixed to the inner profile (212) through a connecting piece (202), the second fixing through - holes (201C) and the second profile fixing hole (212A).

9. The door and window according to claim 8, characterized in that: A blind hole (201D) is formed between the two second fixing through - holes (201C) of the second step. An articulated structure is arranged in the blind hole (201D). The door and window sash connecting end (332) of the rotating arm (33) is articulated with the door and window sash connecting piece (201) through the articulated structure.

10. The door and window according to claim 9, characterized in that: The articulated structure includes a bearing (203), an annular base (204), an open - ring (205), an articulated shaft (206) and a cover plate (207). The annular base (204) includes a first hole part (204A) and a second hole part (204B) coaxially arranged along the axial direction of the annular base (204). The diameter of the second hole part (204B) is larger than the diameter of the first hole part (204A) and the inner diameter of the bearing (203). The open - ring (205) is received in the second hole part (204B). The inner diameter of the open - ring (205) is smaller than the diameter of the articulated shaft (206). The outer diameter of the open - ring (205) is larger than the diameter of the first hole part (204A) and the inner diameter of the bearing (203). The cover plate (207) is fixed to the lower end of the door and window sash connecting piece (201) to prevent the bearing (203), the annular base (204) and the open - ring (205) from disengaging from the blind hole (201D). An opening (207A) coaxial with the bearing (203) and the annular base (204) is formed on the cover plate (207). The articulated shaft (206) is arranged in the opening (207A), the bearing (203) and the annular base (204). An annular groove (206A) is formed at a position corresponding to the open - ring (205) on the outer surface of the articulated shaft (206). The open - ring (205) is located in the annular groove (206A).

11. The door and window according to claim 10, characterized in that: There are two bearings (203), and the annular base (204) is located between the two bearings (203).

12. The door and window according to claim 11, characterized in that: The door and window sash connecting piece (201) further includes a third step arranged above the second step, and the blind hole (201D) extends into the third step.

13. The door and window according to claim 12, characterized in that: Both the bearing (203) and the annular base (204) are in clearance fit with the blind hole (201D), and the articulated shaft (206) is in clearance fit with the bearing (203) and the first hole part (204A).

14. The door and window according to claim 12, characterized in that: The end of the hinge shaft (206) inserted into one side of the door and window sash connecting piece (201) is provided with a chamfered portion. When the hinge shaft (206) passes through the open ring (205), the chamfered portion of the hinge shaft (206) presses the open ring (205) and elastically expands the open ring (205) outwards.

15. The door and window according to claim 12, characterized in that: Two third fixing through holes (207B) are provided on the cover plate (207), and the two third fixing through holes (207B) are respectively aligned with the two second fixing through holes (201C), or the two third fixing through holes (207B) are respectively aligned with the two first fixing through holes (201B).

16. The door and window according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two door and window sash connecting pieces (201) are provided, and are respectively located on both sides of the lower side frame horizontal profile (210) of the door and window sash (20).

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