Electrochemical finishing machining device for gear

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electrochemical finishing machining device for a gear. The electrochemical finishing machining device is mainly composed of a movable platform, a connecting plate, a cathode clamp, a tool cathode, a machined gear, a supporting shaft, a sealing piece, a motor and a vertical bearing seat. The shape of the tool cathode can be similar to the tooth shape of the gear to be machined, but the machining gap value of the periphery of the tool cathode is reduced, or a simple spherical or rod-shaped cathode is used for conducting three-dimensional space movement, the positive electrode of the power source is connected with the gear to be machined, the tool cathode is connected with the negative electrode of the power source, and the space between the power source and the tool cathode is filled with electrolyte. The moving platform drives the tool cathode to scan on the tooth surface of the machined gear once or multiple times, so that the peak height on the tooth surface contour is reduced, after machining of one tooth is completed, the tool cathode retreats by a certain distance, the dividing device drives the machined gear to rotate by a certain angle to enter machining of the next tooth, and the machining precision is improved. After the whole machined gear rotates for a circle, all tooth surfaces are machined; the device is simple to operate, can greatly improve the surface quality of the gear, and has the advantages of low cost and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of electrochemical finishing, and more specifically to a gear electrochemical finishing device. Background Art

[0002] Gear surface quality directly impacts the accuracy, smoothness, and uniformity of load distribution during transmission. In CNC machining, whether circular or linear interpolation, the essence is the principle of approximation. To meet increasingly stringent surface quality requirements, approximation errors must be reduced, typically achieved by refining the step size during machining. However, smaller step sizes lead to frequent machine starts and stops, increasing machine impact and introducing greater transmission errors. The accumulation of these errors not only increases the surface roughness of the gear but also affects its surface quality and performance. To filter out high-frequency signals from the tooth surface, fine machining is often required. While conventional grinding processes can meet this requirement, their high cutting speeds and mechanical forces generate significant heat at the interface between the abrasive and the workpiece, leading to surface burns, dark burns, and microcracks, shortening the workpiece's service life. Therefore, exploring new methods to improve gear performance and lifespan based on existing CNC machining technologies is crucial. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present utility model is to provide a gear electrochemical finishing device, which utilizes the "peak effect" of electrochemical finishing to transition the peaks on the tooth surface into an arc shape, thereby significantly improving the surface quality of the tooth surface and increasing the contact area.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present utility model adopts the following technical solutions.

[0005] A gear electrochemical finishing device, characterized in that the device mainly comprises a movable platform, a connecting device, a cathode fixture, a tool cathode rod, a connecting plate, a cross-recessed screw, a tool cathode, a vertical bearing seat, a fastening bolt, a gear to be processed, a flat key, a cylinder, a retaining ring, a support shaft, a retaining ring, an electrolyte, an electrolyte tank, a seal, a carbon brush, an insulating pad, a three-jaw chuck, an indexing device, and a guide rail. During the processing, the shape of the tool cathode can be similar to the tooth profile of the gear to be processed, but the machining gap value is reduced around the periphery, or a simple spherical or rod-shaped cathode can be used to perform three-dimensional spatial movement. The positive pole of the power supply is connected to the gear to be processed, and the tool cathode is connected to the negative pole of the power supply. The gear to be processed is located below the tool cathode, and the space between the two is filled with electrolyte. The movable platform drives the tool cathode to scan the gear tooth surface once or multiple times, thereby reducing the peak height on the part profile. After each tooth is processed, the tool cathode retreats a certain distance, and the indexing device drives the gear to be processed to rotate a certain angle to enter the processing of the next tooth. After the entire gear to be processed rotates one circle, all tooth surfaces are processed.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of a gear electrochemical finishing device of the utility model, the movable platform is an X, Y, and Z three-coordinate movable platform, the connecting device is connected by two bolts under the movable platform, the cathode fixture is connected to the connecting device by a thread, the connecting device has an internal thread, the cathode fixture has an external thread, the upper end of the tool cathode rod is connected to the internal thread of the cathode fixture by an external thread, the upper end shaft of the tool cathode rod is connected to the cathode of the power supply, the lower end of the tool cathode rod is connected to the internal thread of the connecting plate by an external thread, the tool cathode is fixed to the connecting plate by a cross-slot screw, the lower end of the tool cathode is higher than the gear being processed, and the electrolyte fills the entire inter-electrode gap.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the gear electrochemical finishing device of the utility model, the electrolyte tank is located below the tool cathode and above the guide rail. The electrolyte tank and the support shaft are sealed by a seal. The positive pole of the power supply is connected to the outside of the support shaft through a carbon brush. The dividing device is connected to the three-jaw chuck, thereby driving the support shaft to rotate. An insulating pad is used for insulation between the support shaft and the three-jaw chuck. The other end of the support shaft is connected to the vertical bearing seat, which is connected to the guide rail. The fixing ring clamps the internal support shaft by tightening the screw to ensure that the processed gear can be firmly fixed on the support shaft. The screw passes through the through hole on the upper end ring and then passes through the through hole on the lower end ring.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the gear electrochemical finishing device of the present invention, the tool cathode is replaced according to gears with different tooth widths.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the gear electrochemical finishing device of the present invention, the support shaft and the electrolyte tank are replaced according to the number of gears on the shaft.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides a gear electrochemical finishing device. During the electrochemical finishing process, no new microscopic "spikes" are generated by the tool (tool cathode) without contacting the processed gear, and the tool (tool cathode) does not wear. Moreover, the "spikes" in the original microscopic morphology are flattened into a "wave-like or plateau-like" shape due to the fast flow rate and large current of the electrolyte flowing through the "peaks". BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the present utility model.

[0012] Figure 2 This is the principle diagram of electrochemical finishing.

[0013] Figure 3 It is a left side view of the cathode of the tool of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 4 It is a partial enlarged view of the fixing ring of the utility model.

[0015] Figure 5 This is an enlarged view of the partial structure of the vertical bearing seat and guide rail of the utility model.

[0016] 1-mobile platform, 2-connecting device, 3-cathode fixture, 4-tool cathode rod, 5-cross recessed screw, 6-connecting plate, 7-tool cathode, 8-vertical bearing seat, 9-fastening bolt, 10-machined gear, 11-flat key, 12-cylinder, 13-fixing ring, 14-support shaft, 15-electrolyte, 16-electrolyte tank, 17-seal, 18-carbon brush, 19-insulating pad, 20-three-jaw chuck, 21-indexing device, 22-guide rail, 23-screw, 24-retaining ring, 25-nut.

[0017] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] A gear electrochemical finishing device includes a mobile platform 1, a connecting device 2, a cathode fixture 3, a tool cathode rod 4, a cross-recessed screw 5, a connecting plate 6, a tool cathode 7, a vertical bearing seat 8, a fastening bolt 9, a workpiece gear 10, a flat key 11, a cylinder 12, a retaining ring 13, a support shaft 14, an electrolyte 15, an electrolyte tank 16, a seal 17, a carbon brush 18, an insulating pad 19, a three-jaw chuck 20, a dividing device 21, and a guide rail 22. The mobile platform 1 is located at the top, and the connecting device 2 is located below the mobile platform 1 and fixedly connected to the mobile platform 1. Below the connecting device 2 is the cathode fixture 3, which is threadedly connected to the connecting device. The tool cathode rod 4 is connected below the cathode fixture 3, and the connecting plate 6 is threadedly connected below the tool cathode rod 4. The tool cathode 7 is fixed to the connecting plate 6 via a cross-recessed screw 5, and the workpiece gear 10 is fixed to the shaft via a retaining ring 13 and a flat key 11. The movable platform 1 drives the tool cathode 7 to scan the gear tooth surface one or more times. After each tooth is machined, the tool cathode 7 retreats a certain distance, and the indexing device 21 rotates the gear 10 a certain angle to start machining the next tooth. After the entire gear 10 rotates one full revolution, all tooth surfaces are machined.

[0019] The mobile platform 1 is an X, Y, and Z three-coordinate mobile platform. The connecting device 2 is connected with two bolts below the mobile platform 1. The cathode fixture 3 is connected to the connecting device 2 through a thread. The connecting device 2 has an internal thread, and the cathode clamp 3 has an external thread. The upper end of the tool cathode rod 4 is connected to the internal thread of the cathode fixture 3 through an external thread. The upper end shaft of the tool cathode rod 4 is connected to the cathode of the power supply. The lower end of the tool cathode rod 4 is connected to the internal thread of the connecting plate 6 through an external thread. The tool cathode 7 is fixed to the connecting plate 6 by a cross-slot screw 5. The lower end of the tool cathode 7 is higher than the gear 10 to be processed, and the electrolyte 15 fills the entire inter-electrode gap.

[0020] The electrolyte tank 16 is located below the tool cathode 7 and above the guide rail 22. It contains electrolyte 15. The electrolyte tank 16 and the support shaft 14 are sealed by a seal 17. The positive pole of the power supply is connected to the outside of the support shaft 14 through a carbon brush 18. The indexing device 21 is connected to the three-jaw chuck 20, thereby driving the support shaft 14 to rotate. Between the support shaft 14 and the three-jaw chuck 20, an insulating pad 19 is used for insulation treatment. The other end of the support shaft 14 is connected to the vertical bearing seat 8, which is in turn connected to the guide rail 2. 2. The fixing ring 13 clamps the internal support shaft 14 by tightening the screws to ensure that the processed gear 10 can be firmly fixed on the support shaft 14. The screw 23 passes through the through hole on the upper end ring and then passes through the through hole on the lower end ring. The screw 23 is equipped with a nut 25 and a retaining ring 24 to increase the contact area to disperse the pressure and improve the stability of the connection. The processed gear 10 is fixed to the support shaft 14 through the flat key 11. After each tooth is processed, the indexing device 21 drives the gear to rotate a certain angle to enter the processing of the next tooth.

[0021] The tool cathode 7 is replaced according to gears with different tooth widths.

[0022] The support shaft 14 and the electrolyte tank 16 are replaced according to the number of gears on the shaft.

[0023] Working principle: Before operation, it is necessary to first select a suitable type of electrolyte 15, which must be less corrosive to the device. Next, the gear 10 to be processed is mounted on the support shaft 14 and fixed with a fixing ring 13 and a flat key 11. The distance between the two gears to be processed is maintained by the cylinder 12, which helps to update the electrolyte and remove the electrolytic products around the tool cathode at a faster speed. An insulating pad 19 is added to the top of the support shaft 14, and then clamped on the three-jaw chuck 20. The electrolyte tank 16 is sealed with the support shaft 14 by a seal 17. The positive pole of the power supply is connected to the carbon brush 18 on the outside of the support shaft 14. The machining gap between the tool cathode 7 and the gear 10 to be processed is adjusted by the movable platform 1. The negative pole of the power supply is connected to the tool cathode rod 4, and the tool cathode 7 is driven to reciprocate through the movable platform 1 and the connecting device 2. After the dividing device 21 is energized, the support shaft 14 drives the gear 10 to rotate, and an electrochemical reaction occurs between the tool cathode 7 and the gear 10 to be processed. The above operations are all performed in the electrolyte tank 16.

[0024] The above is only a preferred specific implementation method of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can make equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and improved ideas of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gear electrochemical finishing device, characterized by: It consists of a mobile platform, a connecting device, a cathode fixture, a tool cathode rod, a connecting plate, a cross-recessed screw, a tool cathode, a vertical bearing seat, a fastening bolt, a machined gear, a flat key, a cylinder, a fixing ring, a support shaft, an electrolyte, an electrolyte tank, a seal, a carbon brush, an insulating pad, a three-jaw chuck, a dividing device, and a guide rail. The positive pole of the power supply is connected to the machined gear, and the tool cathode is connected to the negative pole of the power supply. The two are filled with electrolyte. During the processing, the mobile platform drives the tool cathode to scan the tooth surface of the machined gear once or multiple times, thereby reducing the peak height on the tooth surface profile. After completing the processing of each tooth, the tool cathode retreats a certain distance, and the dividing device drives the machined gear to rotate a certain angle to enter the processing of the next tooth. After the entire machined gear rotates one circle, all tooth surfaces are processed.

2. The gear electrochemical finishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable platform is an X, Y, and Z three-coordinate movable platform. The connecting device is connected by two bolts under the movable platform. The cathode fixture is connected to the connecting device through a thread. The connecting device has an internal thread and the cathode fixture has an external thread. The upper end of the tool cathode rod is connected to the internal thread of the cathode fixture through an external thread. The upper end shaft of the tool cathode rod is connected to the cathode of the power supply. The lower end of the tool cathode rod is connected to the internal thread of the connecting plate through an external thread. The tool cathode is fixed to the connecting plate by a cross-slot screw. The lower end of the tool cathode is higher than the gear being processed, and the electrolyte fills the entire inter-electrode gap.

3. The gear electrochemical finishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolyte tank is located below the tool cathode and above the guide rail. The electrolyte tank and the support shaft are sealed by a seal. The positive pole of the power supply is connected to the outside of the support shaft through a carbon brush. The dividing device is connected to the three-jaw chuck, thereby driving the support shaft to rotate. An insulating pad is used for insulation between the support shaft and the three-jaw chuck. The other end of the support shaft is connected to the vertical bearing seat, which is connected to the guide rail. The fixing ring clamps the internal support shaft by tightening the screw to ensure that the processed gear can be firmly fixed on the support shaft. The screw passes through the through hole on the upper end ring and then passes through the through hole on the lower end ring.

4. The gear electrochemical finishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool cathode is replaced according to gears with different tooth widths.

5. The gear electrochemical finishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support shaft and electrolyte tank are replaced according to the number of gears on the shaft.

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