Self-adaptive variable-pitch vertical-axis hydraulic power generation device for pipeline

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of hydroelectric generation, in particular to a self-adaptive variable-pitch vertical-shaft hydroelectric generation device for a pipeline, which comprises a variable-diameter impeller component, a generator in transmission connection with an output shaft of the impeller component, and a triggering mechanism for triggering the impeller component to contract or expand according to water flow. The device further comprises an angle adjusting component. The impeller part comprises an impeller frame and a plurality of blades; the multiple blades are installed on the impeller frame in a self-rotating mode, impeller grooves are formed in the ends of the blades, and at least part of the impeller grooves are exposed out of the impeller frame. The angle adjusting component comprises an angle adjusting plate and an angle adjusting sliding block. The angle adjusting plate is arranged outside the impeller groove in an angle fixing mode, an annular groove is formed in the angle adjusting plate, and at least part of the annular groove covers the exposed part of the impeller groove; the angle adjusting sliding block is installed in the impeller groove and the annular groove in a sliding mode. Stable power generation is thoroughly achieved when the flow velocity suddenly changes, and changes of the pitch angle can be regularly controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of hydropower generation, in particular to an adaptive variable-pitch vertical-axis hydropower generation device for pipelines. Background Art

[0002] With the development of technologies like the Internet of Things and big data, the water industry has upgraded its water pipe network supervision and implemented remote centralized monitoring. This monitoring system relies on smart water networks, but power supply presents a challenge. Traditional water meters typically rely on batteries or line power, both of which present several challenges. First, battery power requires regular replacement, creating inconvenience for maintenance personnel. Second, line power requires wiring to the water meter, increasing engineering and maintenance costs. Therefore, implementing smart water networks requires harnessing self-generated pipeline hydropower resources for energy harvesting, often referred to as pipeline power generation.

[0003] Existing pipeline power generation devices can generate stable electricity when the flow rate changes suddenly, but they usually lack consideration for the regular control of the pitch angle. That is, existing technologies often rely on the force on the blades themselves and the water flow rate to change the pitch angle. However, this method of changing the pitch angle has the problems of uncertain pitch change and random and irregular changes in the pitch angle, which affects the power generation effect.

[0004] Therefore, it is of great significance to study an adaptive variable-pitch vertical-axis hydropower generation device that can generate electricity stably when the flow velocity changes suddenly and can regularly control the change of the pitch angle. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an adaptive variable-pitch vertical-axis hydroelectric power generation device for a pipeline, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that it is not possible to generate stable power when the flow velocity suddenly changes and the pitch angle can be regularly controlled. In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present application is as follows:

[0006] The utility model provides an adaptive variable-pitch vertical-axis hydroelectric power generation device for a pipeline, comprising an impeller component with a variable diameter, a generator drivingly connected to the output shaft of the impeller component, and a triggering mechanism for triggering the impeller component to retract or expand according to the size of the water flow;

[0007] Also includes an angle adjustment component;

[0008] The impeller component includes an impeller frame and a plurality of blades;

[0009] The plurality of blades are rotatably and slidably mounted on the impeller frame, and the ends of the blades are provided with impeller grooves, and at least a portion of the impeller grooves is exposed outside the impeller frame;

[0010] The angle adjustment component includes an angle adjustment plate and an angle adjustment slider;

[0011] The angle adjustment plate is arranged outside the impeller groove at a fixed angle, and an annular groove is provided on the angle adjustment plate, and at least a portion of the annular groove is aligned with and covers the exposed portion of the impeller groove;

[0012] The angle adjustment slider is slidably installed in the impeller groove and the annular groove.

[0013] In one embodiment, the impeller frame is provided with a pitch through slot, the pitch through slot is provided between the impeller groove and the annular groove, and the angle adjustment slider slides in the pitch through slot.

[0014] In one embodiment, the impeller frame includes an impeller clamping member and an impeller member;

[0015] The impeller member is rotatably clamped in the impeller clamping member, and the blades are slidably mounted in the impeller member, with at least a portion of the blades being located outside the circumference of the impeller member;

[0016] The impeller clamping member is provided with the pitch through slot, and the impeller clamping member is rotationally connected to the trigger mechanism. The rotation of the impeller clamping member is used to drive the blades to rotate and extend or rotate and contract in the impeller member.

[0017] In one embodiment, a plurality of protruding arms extend from the outer peripheral side of the impeller clamping member, and a plurality of pitch slots are provided on the plurality of protruding arms;

[0018] When the blade is in the maximum expanded position, the outermost end of the pitch slot is located outside the outermost end of the impeller groove.

[0019] In one embodiment, the impeller member includes the output shaft and two oppositely arranged impeller plates, the two impeller plates are connected by the output shaft, and the impeller plates are each provided with a plurality of first through grooves in a diameter direction;

[0020] The impeller clamping member includes an impeller support rod and two impeller clamping plates arranged opposite to each other, a plurality of protruding arms extending from the outer circumference of the impeller clamping plates, the impeller support rod being connected between the two impeller clamping plates, two impeller plates being rotatably mounted between the two impeller clamping plates, a shaft through hole for the output shaft to pass through being provided on the impeller clamping plates, a plurality of second through slots being provided in the diameter direction of the impeller clamping plates, the second through slots being used to control the travel of the blades in the first through slots;

[0021] The blade includes a blade body, an end block and a groove bar with the impeller groove; the blade body is arranged between the two impeller plates, and the end of the blade body is connected and fixed to the end block; the end block passes through the first through groove and the second through groove; the groove bar is arranged between the impeller plate and the impeller clamping plate, the groove bar extends out of the impeller frame, and the groove bar is connected and fixed to the end block.

[0022] In one embodiment, the impeller groove is an arc-shaped groove, and the pitch groove is a straight groove.

[0023] In one embodiment, the blade is an arc-shaped blade having an arc-shaped convex surface facing the water flow and an arc-shaped concave surface facing the water flow, and the innermost sides of the plurality of blades are on the same circle;

[0024] When the arc-shaped convex surface faces the water flow, the tangent line of the circle on which the innermost side of the blade is located and the line connecting the innermost side and the outermost side of the blade form a first angle facing away from the water flow;

[0025] When the arc-shaped concave surface faces the water flow, the tangent line of the circle on which the innermost side of the blade is located and the line connecting the innermost side and the outermost side of the blade form a second angle facing the water flow;

[0026] The second angle is greater than the first angle.

[0027] In one embodiment, the annular groove is arranged eccentrically relative to the impeller frame;

[0028] On a side of the annular groove adjacent to the arc-shaped convex surface facing the water flow, a first distance is formed between the annular groove and the central axis of the impeller frame;

[0029] On a side of the annular groove adjacent to the arc-shaped concave surface facing the water flow, a second distance is provided between the annular groove and the central axis of the impeller frame;

[0030] The first distance is smaller than the second distance.

[0031] In one embodiment, the groove line of the annular groove is a cam-shaped curve.

[0032] In one embodiment, the annular groove includes a wide arc groove segment and a narrow arc groove segment;

[0033] The wide arc groove section is arranged on a side of the annular groove adjacent to the arc-shaped convex surface facing the water flow;

[0034] The narrow arc groove segment is arranged on a side of the annular groove adjacent to the arc-shaped concave surface facing the water flow.

[0035] In one embodiment, a connecting through hole is formed on the angle adjustment plate, and a distance between the connecting through hole and the annular groove ranges from the first distance to the second distance;

[0036] The angle adjustment plate is sleeved on the outside of the output shaft through the connecting through hole, and the angle adjustment plate is attached to the wall surface of the pipeline through a connecting piece.

[0037] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0038] Since multiple blades are rotatably mounted on the impeller frame, an impeller groove is provided at the end of the blade, and the impeller groove is at least partially exposed outside the impeller frame; the angle adjustment component includes an angle adjustment plate and an angle adjustment slider; the angle adjustment plate is arranged outside the impeller groove in a fixed angle manner, and an annular groove is provided on the angle adjustment plate, and the annular groove at least partially covers the exposed part of the impeller groove; the angle adjustment slider is slidably mounted in the impeller groove and the annular groove, so when in use, the water flow drives the blade to rotate, and the angle adjustment slider in the impeller groove will slide on the annular groove with a fixed angle, and when sliding During the rotation process, the relative position of the annular groove and the impeller groove changes, and the position of the angle adjustment slider in the impeller groove will change accordingly. Since the sliding end of the blade will change in diameter only when the trigger component is triggered, the blade is installed on the impeller frame in a relatively stable manner with its rotation axis. When the position of the angle adjustment slider changes in the impeller groove, the blade can be rotated around the rotation axis, that is, as the angle adjustment slider changes on the trajectory, the rotation angle of the blade will also change regularly, thereby playing a role in regularly controlling the change of the pitch angle and avoiding affecting the power generation effect.

[0039] And due to the provision of an impeller component with a variable diameter, a generator connected to the output shaft of the impeller component, and a trigger mechanism for triggering the contraction or expansion of the impeller component according to the size of the water flow, when the water flow becomes larger, the trigger mechanism can trigger the impeller component to contract, reducing the contact area between the impeller and the water flow, thereby reducing the output power of the output shaft to maintain the preset output power; when the water flow becomes smaller, the trigger mechanism can trigger the impeller component to expand, increasing the contact area between the impeller and the water flow, thereby increasing the output power of the output shaft to maintain the preset output power, thereby achieving the effect of stable power generation when the flow rate suddenly changes.

[0040] In summary, this solution can not only regularly control the pitch angle change, but also generate stable power when the flow velocity changes suddenly, which effectively solves the problem in the existing technology that it cannot generate stable power when the flow velocity changes suddenly and cannot regularly control the pitch angle change. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the implementation. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by the preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the impeller component and the angle adjustment component provided in the preferred embodiment of the utility model Figure 1 ;

[0044] Figure 3 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of the impeller component and the angle adjustment component provided in the preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the impeller component and the angle adjustment component provided in the preferred embodiment of the utility model Figure 2 ;

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of an impeller component provided in a preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

[0047] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the impeller clamping member provided in a preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

[0048] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of an impeller member provided in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of a blade provided in a preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

[0050] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the angle adjustment plate provided in a preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

[0051] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the design of the angle adjustment plate provided in the preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

[0052] Figure 11 This is an operational schematic diagram provided by a preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

[0053] Figure 12 It is a force diagram provided by a preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

[0054] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of simulation results provided by a preferred embodiment of the present utility model.

[0055] Reference numerals:

[0056] 1. Impeller component; 10. Impeller frame; 100. Impeller component; 1000. Impeller plate; 10000. First through slot; 1001. Output shaft; 101. Impeller clamp; 1010. Impeller clamp; 10100. Protruding arm; 10101. Pitch through slot; 10102. Second through slot; 1011. Impeller support rod; 11. Blade; 110. Blade body; 111. End block; 112. Groove; 1120. Impeller groove; 2. Generator; 3. Trigger mechanism; 4. Angle adjustment component; 40. Angle adjustment plate; 400. Annular groove; 4000. Wide arc slot segment; 4001. Narrow arc slot segment; 41. Angle adjustment slider; a1. First angle; a2. Second angle; b1. First distance; b2. Second distance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The embodiment of the utility model provides an adaptive variable-pitch vertical-axis hydroelectric power generation device for a pipeline, which is used to solve the problem in the prior art that it is not possible to stably generate electricity when the flow velocity suddenly changes and the pitch angle change can be regularly controlled.

[0058] In order to make the purpose, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] See also Figures 1 to 13 The utility model provides an adaptive variable-pitch vertical-axis hydropower generation device for a pipeline, comprising:

[0060] An impeller component 1 having a variable diameter includes an impeller frame 10 and a plurality of blades 11. The plurality of blades 11 are slidably mounted on the impeller frame 10 so as to be rotatable. Impeller grooves 1120 are formed at the ends of the blades 11, and the impeller grooves 1120 are at least partially exposed outside the impeller frame 10.

[0061] Generator 2, the generator 2 is in driving connection with the output shaft 1001 of the impeller component 1, and the output shaft 1001 of the impeller component 1 is in driving connection with the generator 2, so that the generator 2 can generate electricity;

[0062] The trigger mechanism 3 is used to trigger the impeller component 1 to retract or expand according to the water flow, so that the generator 2 can generate electricity stably under different water flow conditions;

[0063] Angle adjustment component 4, the angle adjustment component 4 includes an angle adjustment plate 40 and an angle adjustment slider 41; the angle adjustment plate 40 is arranged outside the impeller groove 1120 at a fixed angle, and an annular groove 400 is provided on the angle adjustment plate 40, and the annular groove 400 is at least partially aligned with and covers the exposed part of the impeller groove 1120; the angle adjustment slider 41 is slidably installed in the impeller groove 1120 and the annular groove 400.

[0064] The working principle of this solution includes the following two points:

[0065] First, the impeller component 1 can be adjusted to contract or expand according to the water flow rate, and the rotation speed of the output shaft 1001 can be adjusted so that the generator 2 can generate electricity at a stable power; that is, when the water flow becomes larger, the trigger mechanism 3 can trigger the impeller component 1 to contract, reduce the contact area between the impeller and the water flow, slow down the rotation speed of the output shaft 1001, and thus reduce the output power of the output shaft 1001 to maintain the preset output power; when the water flow becomes smaller, the trigger mechanism 3 can trigger the impeller component 1 to expand, increase the contact area between the impeller and the water flow, increase the rotation speed of the output shaft 1001, and thus increase the output power of the output shaft 1001 to maintain the preset output power, thereby achieving the effect of stable power generation when the flow rate suddenly changes.

[0066] Secondly, the pitch angle of the blade 11 can change regularly, that is, when the water flow drives the blade 11 to rotate, the angle adjustment slider 41 in the impeller groove 1120 will slide on the annular groove 400 with a fixed angle. During the sliding process, the relative position of the annular groove 400 and the impeller groove 1120 changes, and the position of the angle adjustment slider 41 in the impeller groove 1120 will change accordingly. Since the sliding end of the blade 11 will only change in diameter when the trigger component is triggered, the blade 11 is installed on the impeller frame 10 in a relatively stable manner about the rotation axis. When the angle adjustment slider 41 changes position in the impeller groove 1120, the blade 11 can be rotated around the rotation axis, thereby playing a role in regularly controlling the change of the pitch angle.

[0067] From the above principles, it can be seen that the structure of this embodiment can, on the one hand, achieve the purpose of regularly controlling the change of the pitch angle through the cooperation of the annular groove 400, the impeller groove 1120 and the angle adjustment slider 41; on the other hand, it can achieve the purpose of stable power generation when the flow velocity suddenly changes through the cooperation of the trigger mechanism 3, the impeller component 1 and the generator 2.

[0068] Compared with a vertical pipeline hydroelectric power generation device and a water meter used therein (Announcement No. CN220365673U) in the prior art, the core difference between this solution and the prior art is that it can not only stabilize power generation operation when the flow velocity changes suddenly, but also control the pitch angle of the blade 11 during the rotation process, thereby improving the power generation efficiency while taking into account the safety of the power generation system.

[0069] As a possible implementation, Figures 5 to 8 As shown, a feasible structure of an impeller component 1 is provided, the impeller component 1 includes an impeller frame 10 and a blade 11 with an impeller groove 1120; the blade 11 is rotatably mounted on the impeller frame 10, and the impeller frame 10 is used to drive the blade 11 to slide and retract inside the impeller frame 10 or drive the blade 11 to slide and expand outside the impeller frame 10, and a portion of the blade 11 is located outside the impeller frame 10 so that the impeller groove 1120 can be aligned with the annular groove 400, and the angle adjustment slider 41 can be slidably mounted on the impeller frame 10. In the wheel groove 1120 and the annular groove 400, after adopting this setting method, on the one hand, the impeller frame 10 can drive the blades 11 to slide and contract or slide and expand, so that the diameter of the impeller component 1 can be variable and adjustable; on the other hand, when the blades 11 are affected by the water flow, the angle adjustment slider 41 can slide in the annular groove 400, and under the regular guidance of the annular groove 400, the position of the angle adjustment slider 41 in the impeller groove 1120 changes regularly, so that the blades 11 can be deflected regularly.

[0070] In a specific embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, the impeller frame 10 includes an impeller clamping member 101 and an impeller member 100; the impeller member 100 is rotatably clamped in the impeller clamping member 101; a blade 11 is installed in the impeller member 100, and part of the blade 11 is located outside the circumference of the impeller member 100 and the impeller clamping member 101; the impeller clamping member 101 is rotationally connected to the trigger mechanism 3, and the rotation of the impeller clamping member 101 is used to drive the blade 11 to rotate and extend or rotate and contract in the impeller member 100.

[0071] For the impeller clamp 101, if Figure 6 As shown, the impeller clamping member 101 includes a shaft sleeve, an impeller support rod 1011 and two oppositely arranged impeller clamping plates 1010, the two impeller clamping plates 1010 are fixedly connected by the impeller support rod 1011, the sleeve shaft is fixedly connected to the impeller clamping plate 1010 away from the blade 11, the shaft sleeve is sleeved outside the output shaft 1001, and the outer wall of the shaft sleeve is provided with two oblique grooves for connecting with the trigger mechanism 3, the impeller member 100 can be rotatably clamped between the two impeller clamping plates 1010, and each impeller clamping plate 1010 is provided with a plurality of second through grooves 10102 in the diameter direction, and the two ends of the plurality of blades 11 are respectively slidably connected to the plurality of second through grooves 10102.

[0072] Among them, the oblique groove includes a first arc-shaped groove body and a second arc-shaped groove body, the first arc-shaped groove body is connected to the second arc-shaped groove body, and the centripetal direction of the first arc-shaped groove body is arranged opposite to the centripetal direction of the second arc-shaped groove body. After adopting this setting method, the sliding friction of the transmission slider of the transmission member in the oblique groove can be reduced, thereby improving the smoothness of movement.

[0073] For the impeller 100, if Figure 7 As shown, the impeller component 100 includes an output shaft 1001 and two oppositely arranged impeller plates 1000; the two oppositely arranged impeller plates 1000 are fixedly connected to the output shaft 1001, and both ends of the output shaft 1001 pass through the impeller plates 1000. The output shaft 1001 is transmission-connected to the generator 2, and multiple blades 11 are arranged between the two impeller plates 1000. Each impeller plate 1000 is provided with multiple first through grooves 10000 in the diameter direction, and both ends of the multiple blades 11 are slidably clamped in the first through grooves 10000.

[0074] In the embodiment of the impeller component 1, when the diameter needs to be changed, after the impeller clamping plate 1010 is rotated under the drive of the trigger mechanism 3, the second through slot 10102 of the impeller clamping member 101 will also rotate, and the rotation of the second through slot 10102 will drive the blade 11 to move in the first through slot 10000, that is, the second through slot 10102 controls the stroke of the impeller in the first through slot 10000. When the second through slot 10102 rotates clockwise, it will drive the blade 11 to move away from the center in the first through slot 10000 to reach the maximum expansion position, that is, the maximum radius limit position, which can be seen in FIG. Figure 11 (x); When the second through slot 10102 rotates counterclockwise, it will drive the blade 11 to move in the first through slot 10000 along the direction close to the center, reaching the minimum contraction position, that is, the minimum radius limit position, which can be seen in FIG. Figure 11 (y); When in a variable diameter state or maintaining a stable diameter state, due to the driving effect of the water flow on the blade 11, the position of the impeller groove 1120 will change, and the angle adjustment slider 41 in the impeller groove 1120 will slide on the annular groove 400 with a fixed angle, and the position of the angle adjustment slider 41 in the impeller groove 1120 will change accordingly. When the position of the angle adjustment slider 41 changes in the impeller groove 1120, the blade 11 can be rotated around the axis of rotation, thereby playing a role in regularly controlling the change of the pitch angle.

[0075] It should be pointed out that when maintaining a stable diameter state, the blade 11 is equivalent to having a stable rotation axis. When the angle adjustment slider 41 changes position in the impeller groove 1120, the angle of rotation of the blade 11 around the rotation axis can be made more precise. However, when in a variable diameter state, the rotation axis is in a changing state, and the range of change of the angle adjustment slider 41 is larger, and the angle accuracy of the blade 11 around the rotation axis is lower.

[0076] In order to improve the control accuracy of the angle of the blade 11 when the diameter changes, Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, the impeller frame 10 is provided with a pitch slot 10101, which is arranged between the impeller groove 1120 and the annular groove 400. An angle adjustment slider 41 slides in the pitch slot 10101. After adopting this setting method, the pitch slot 10101 and the annular groove 400 jointly define the movement direction of the angle adjustment slider 41, so that the movement of the angle adjustment slider 41 can only change in the direction and trajectory of the pitch slot 10101, thereby reducing the range of movement of the angle adjustment slider 41 and improving the control accuracy of the angle of the blade 11 when the diameter changes.

[0077] In one possible embodiment, Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a pitch slot 10101 is provided on the impeller clamp 101, that is, a pitch slot 10101 is provided above the blade 11 of the impeller member 100. After adopting this setting method, the pitch slot 10101 thereon can control the range of movement of the angle adjustment slider 41, thereby improving the control accuracy of the angle of the blade 11 when the diameter changes.

[0078] Furthermore, in order to avoid limiting the adjustment range of the pitch angle, as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a plurality of protruding arms 10100 extend from the outer peripheral side of the impeller clamping member 101, and a plurality of pitch slots 10101 are provided on the plurality of protruding arms 10100; at least a portion of the blade 11 is located outside the peripheral side of the impeller member 100, and when the blade 11 is in the maximum expanded position, the outermost end of the pitch slot 10101 is located outside the outermost end of the impeller groove 1120, that is, along the direction from the blade 11 to the angle adjustment component 4, the impeller groove 1120, the plurality of pitch slots 10101 and the annular groove 400 are sequentially provided, and the sliding of the angle adjustment slider 41 is restricted by the impeller groove 1120, the plurality of pitch slots 10101 and the annular groove 400 at the same time. With this arrangement, the blades 11 located outside the circumference of the impeller member 100 and the extended protruding arms 10100 can expose the impeller groove 1120 to align with the annular groove 400, and the angle adjustment slider 41 can cooperate with the impeller groove 1120 and the annular groove 400; and the stroke of the variable pitch slot 10101 covers the sliding stroke of the angle adjustment slider 41 in the impeller groove 1120, so that there is sufficient position to fully control the sliding stroke of the angle adjustment slider 41 in the impeller groove 1120, avoiding the problem that the impeller groove 1120 has not reached the maximum stroke while the variable pitch slot 10101 has reached the maximum stroke, resulting in the problem that the adjustment range of the pitch angle of the blade 11 is limited.

[0079] In a specific embodiment, Figures 2 to 5As shown, the impeller member 100 includes an output shaft 1001 and two oppositely arranged impeller plates 1000, the two impeller plates 1000 are connected by the output shaft 1001, and a plurality of first through grooves 10000 are provided in the diameter direction of the impeller plates 1000; the impeller clamping member 101 includes an impeller support rod 1011 and two oppositely arranged impeller clamping plates 1010, a plurality of protruding arms 1010 extending from the outer peripheral side of the impeller clamping plates 1010, and the two impeller clamping plates 101 0 is connected to the impeller support rod 1011, and two impeller plates 1000 are rotatably installed between the two impeller clamping plates 1010. The impeller clamping plates 1010 are provided with a shaft through hole for the output shaft 1001 to pass through. The impeller clamping plates 1010 are provided with a plurality of second through grooves 10102 in the diameter direction. The second through grooves 10102 are used to control the stroke of the blade 11 in the first through groove 10000; the blade 11 includes a blade body 110, an end block 111 and an impeller groove 1000. The blade body 110 is provided between the two impeller plates 1000, and the end of the blade body 110 is connected and fixed with the end block 111; the end block 111 passes through the first through slot 10000 and the second through slot 10102; the groove 112 is provided between the impeller plate 1000 and the impeller clamping plate 1010, and the groove 112 extends out of the impeller frame 10, and one end of the groove 112 is connected and fixed with the end block 111, and the other end of the groove 112 is connected to the blade body 110 After adopting this structure, the blade 11 can be contracted or expanded through the cooperation of the first through groove 10000 and the second through groove 10102; and the impeller groove 1120 can be aligned with the pitch groove 10101 and the annular through groove through the extended groove 112 and the extended protruding arm 10100, and the angle adjustment slider 41 cooperates with the impeller groove 1120 and the pitch groove 10101 and the annular through groove to realize regular adjustment of the pitch angle of the blade 11.

[0080] Further, such as Figure 5 As shown, in order to reduce the resistance encountered during angle adjustment, the impeller groove 1120 is an arc-shaped groove, and the pitch groove 10101 is a straight strip groove. After adopting this setting, the impeller groove 1120 is designed as an arc-shaped groove, and the resistance encountered by the angle adjustment slider 41 sliding therein is smaller. After the pitch groove 10101 is designed as a straight strip groove, the pitch groove 10101 can provide sufficient structural strength to limit the movable range of the angle adjustment slider 41, that is, each slight movement of the angle adjustment slider 41 in the impeller groove 1120 can finely adjust the pitch angle. However, the straight strip groove with sufficient structural strength can effectively limit the movable range of the pitch slot 10101.

[0081] As a possible implementation, Figures 2 to 3 , Figures 9 to 12As shown, a feasible structure of the angle adjustment component 4 is provided, and the angle adjustment component 4 includes an angle adjustment plate 40 and an angle adjustment slider 41. The angle adjustment plate 40 is arranged outside the impeller groove 1120 at a fixed angle, and an annular groove 400 is provided on the angle adjustment plate 40, and the annular groove 400 at least partially covers the exposed part of the impeller groove 1120; the angle adjustment slider 41 is slidably installed in the impeller groove 1120 and the annular groove 400. After adopting this arrangement, when the blade 11 is affected by the water flow, the blade 11 moves along the annular groove 400. Under the action of the annular groove 400, the angle adjustment slider 41 on the blade 11 can cause the blade 11 to undergo regular angle deflection during the movement.

[0082] It should be pointed out that if Figure 12 As shown, when the blade 11 is an arc-shaped blade 11, whenever water flows through the turbine, due to the different shapes of the flow-facing surface of the blade 11, F1>F2, a torque is generated, driving the impeller to rotate counterclockwise. If you want to increase the total torque, you need to reduce F2, and you need to reduce the flow-facing area of the blade 11 to reduce the negative torque, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing the total torque.

[0083] In order to achieve the purpose of increasing the total torque, such as Figure 11 As shown, to further control the deflection law of the blades 11, the innermost sides of the plurality of blades 11 are all on the same circle; when the arc-shaped convex surface faces the water flow, the tangent line of the circle where the innermost side of the blade 11 is located and the line connecting the innermost side and the outermost side of the blade 11 form a first angle a1 facing away from the water flow, as shown in FIG. Figure 11 (x) shown; when the arc-shaped concave surface faces the water flow, the tangent line of the circle where the innermost side of the blade 11 is located and the line connecting the innermost and outermost sides of the blade 11 form a second angle a2 facing the water flow, as shown Figure 11 (x) shown; the second angle a2 is greater than the first angle a1, after adopting this setting, Figure 12 The blades 11 in the middle and upper part will close, reducing the convex flow area, that is, reducing F2; Figure 12 The blades 11 in the middle and lower parts will open to increase the concave flow area, that is, increase F1, thereby increasing the total torque to increase the output power.

[0084] In a specific embodiment, Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, the blade 11 has an arcuate convex surface facing the water flow and an arcuate concave surface facing the water flow; the annular groove 400 is eccentrically arranged relative to the impeller frame 10; on the side of the annular groove 400 adjacent to the arcuate convex surface facing the water flow, the annular groove 400 and the central axis of the impeller frame 10 are at a first distance b1; on the side of the annular groove 400 adjacent to the arcuate concave surface facing the water flow, the annular groove 400 and the central axis of the impeller frame 10 are at a second distance b2; the first distance b1 is smaller than the second distance b2, for example, as shown in FIG. Figure 9 With the design shown, the blades 11 can open at a constant speed in the range of 0-180° and close at a constant speed in the range of 180°-360°.

[0085] After adopting this setting, when the angle adjustment slider 41 slides from the side of the annular groove 400 adjacent to the arc-shaped convex surface facing the water flow to the side of the annular groove 400 adjacent to the arc-shaped concave surface facing the water flow, the distance between the angle adjustment slider 41 and the end block 111 gradually increases, thereby causing the angle of the blade 11 to gradually increase, thereby increasing the concave surface flow area, that is, increasing F1; when the angle adjustment slider 41 slides from the side of the annular groove 400 adjacent to the arc-shaped concave surface facing the water flow to the side of the annular groove 400 adjacent to the arc-shaped convex surface facing the water flow, the distance between the angle adjustment slider 41 and the end block 111 gradually decreases, thereby causing the angle of the blade 11 to gradually decrease, thereby reducing the convex surface flow area, that is, reducing F2.

[0086] More specifically, if Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the groove line of the annular groove 400 is a cam-shaped curve, that is, the annular groove can be designed according to the cam-shaped curve, such as Figure 10 As shown, for example, the pitch cam curve is designed to open at a constant speed in the range of 0-180° and close at a constant speed in the range of 180°-360° to obtain a cam-shaped curve.

[0087] The annular groove 400 includes a wide arc groove segment 4000 and a narrow arc groove segment 4001; the wide arc groove segment 4000 is arranged on the side of the annular groove 400 adjacent to the arc-shaped convex surface facing the water flow, and the distance between the wide arc groove segment 4000 and the central axis is small to form a first distance b1; the narrow arc groove segment 4001 is arranged on the side of the annular groove 400 adjacent to the arc-shaped concave surface facing the water flow, and the distance between the narrow arc groove segment 4001 and the central axis is large to form a second distance b2.

[0088] Among them, such as Figure 10As shown, the first distance b1 and the second distance b2 of the annular groove can be designed with corresponding cam curves according to different pitch requirements. The height of h is used to control the moving distance of the slider in the pitch slot, so that the blades can be opened and closed. If the blades are to be expanded, h is longer, and if the blades are to be closed, h is shorter, thus forming the first distance b1 and the second distance b2.

[0089] Furthermore, in order to achieve the purpose of setting the angle adjustment plate 40 outside the impeller groove 1120 at a fixed angle, a connecting through hole is opened on the angle adjustment plate 40, and the distance range between the connecting through hole and the annular groove 400 is between the first distance b1 and the second distance b2; the angle adjustment plate 40 is sleeved on the outside of the output shaft 1001 through the connecting through hole, the angle adjustment plate 40 is stacked on the impeller clamping plate 1010 of the impeller frame 10, and the angle adjustment plate 40 is connected to the wall of the pipe through a connecting sleeve. After adopting this setting method, the angle adjustment plate 40 can be set outside the impeller groove 1120 at a fixed angle, avoiding changes in the guide track of the annular groove 400, thereby avoiding affecting the regular movement of the angle adjustment slider 41, and then ensuring the regular rotation of the pitch angle of the blade 11.

[0090] The use of the above-mentioned angle adjustment plate 40 and annular groove 400 has at least the following advantages: First, the impeller can adjust the pitch angle of the blade 11 according to the difference in the force conditions of each blade 11 in the in-tube turbine; Second, by designing different annular groove 400 curves, the angle adjustment rules of each blade 11 can be achieved, thereby improving the overall torque; Third, the structure is simpler, and the controllability and versatility are higher. Compared with other patented four-bar mechanisms or gear mechanisms that control the pitch scheme, this scheme can use fewer parts and avoid the problems of uncertain motion trajectory and dead points.

[0091] As a possible implementation, Figure 1 As shown, a feasible structure of the generator 2 is provided. The generator 2 is connected to the output shaft 1001 of the impeller component 1 through a coupling. The rotational mechanical energy of the output shaft 1001 is converted into electrical energy in the generator 2 for power generation. The generator 2 is fixedly connected through a motor support so that the entire generator 2 can be fixed on the pipeline. After adopting this setting, when the water flow hits the front of the blade 11, the blade 11 drives the output shaft 1001 to rotate, and drives the motor rotating shaft of the generator 2 to rotate through the coupling, thereby realizing power generation.

[0092] As a possible implementation, Figure 1 As shown, a feasible structure of the trigger mechanism 3 is provided, and the trigger mechanism 3 includes a telescopic component and a transmission component.

[0093] In a specific embodiment, the telescopic component includes a shell, a piston and a telescopic component arranged on the same vertical axis; a water inlet hole is provided at the bottom end of the shell, and a piston is clamped at one end of the shell adjacent to the water inlet hole (i.e., the bottom end of the shell), and the outer wall of the piston is slidably connected to the inner wall of the shell; an inlet hole is provided at the top end of the shell, and the transmission component penetrates into the shell through the inlet hole and is fixedly connected to the piston; the telescopic component is arranged between the shell and the piston. After adopting this setting method, water flows into the telescopic component through the water inlet hole to act on the piston. Whether the pressure of the water flow is greater than or less than the preset elastic force of the telescopic component, the water flow will cause the telescopic component to move up and down in the shell, thereby driving the impeller component 1 to contract or expand, and then controlling the power of stable power generation.

[0094] In a specific embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 The transmission component includes a connecting member and a transmission member. The connecting member is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic component, and the connecting member is slidably connected to the transmission member. The transmission member is slidably clamped in the oblique grooves of multiple impeller components 1. After adopting this setting method, the connecting member will move up or down under the drive of the telescopic component, thereby driving the transmission member to move up or down in the oblique groove of the sleeve, and then driving the impeller component 1 to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise instantaneously, thereby realizing the rotation, contraction or expansion of the impeller component 1.

[0095] Among them, V can be pre-set as the critical value of the water flow rate when the power generation device reaches the rated power, and F is the force of the water flow in the pipe on the piston when the water flow rate is V. The specific values of F and V can be obtained through simulation calculation or experiment. When the F value is known, the compression spring regulator is used to adjust the initial expansion and contraction of the compression spring so that the initial pressure of the piston on the compression spring is the preset elastic force.

[0096] When the flow rate is less than V, no matter what the flow rate value is, the spring is in the upper limit position, the blades 11 are in the expanded state, and the hydroelectric power generation device has the maximum inner diameter; when the flow rate is greater than V, as the flow rate V increases, the spring continues to drop until it drops to the lower limit position of the spring, and the hydroelectric power generation device has the minimum inner diameter. The "adaptive adjustment" action does not involve electronic components such as sensors and drive motors. The overall device has a simple structure, small size, and small installation space. It is more suitable for occasions with narrow spaces such as urban underground tap water pipes, so that the power generation device can work and generate electricity in places with low incoming flow rates such as tap water pipes.

[0097] It should be pointed out that the more specific structure and principle of the telescopic component and the transmission component can be found in a prior art vertical pipeline hydroelectric power generation device and a water meter using the same (Announcement No. CN220365673U).

[0098] From the above, we can see that the basic structure and principle of this scheme will be described below. Figure 10The annular groove designed based on the cam curve and the corresponding device were tested, and the experimental results are as follows:

[0099] In the scenario of the tap water main pipe, the water flow velocity of the tap water main pipe is 1.2~2m / s; the average flow velocity is 1.5m / s; the torque of the blade 11 rotating one circle is compared according to the above-mentioned variable pitch method and the constant pitch method when the incoming flow velocity U=1.5m / s and TSR=0.46 (TSR is the tip speed ratio, which refers to the ratio of the maximum tangential velocity of the impeller to the incoming flow velocity upstream of the impeller, and the formula is TSR=ωR / U).

[0100] The results are as follows Figure 13 As shown, the negative torque exerted on the impeller blades 11 when the pitch is changed is lower than the negative torque when the pitch is not changed, which proves that when the pitch angle of the impeller is changed under regular control, the negative torque of the water flow on the impeller can be reduced, and the total torque of the impeller can be effectively increased.

[0101] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive variable-pitch vertical-axis hydroelectric power generation device for a pipeline, comprising an impeller component with a variable diameter, a generator drivingly connected to an output shaft of the impeller component, and a triggering mechanism for triggering the impeller component to retract or expand according to the magnitude of the water flow; It is characterized by: Also includes an angle adjustment component; The impeller component includes an impeller frame and a plurality of blades; The plurality of blades are rotatably and slidably mounted on the impeller frame, and the ends of the blades are provided with impeller grooves, and at least a portion of the impeller grooves is exposed outside the impeller frame; The angle adjustment component includes an angle adjustment plate and an angle adjustment slider; The angle adjustment plate is arranged outside the impeller groove at a fixed angle, and an annular groove is provided on the angle adjustment plate, and at least a portion of the annular groove is aligned with and covers the exposed portion of the impeller groove; The angle adjustment slider is slidably installed in the impeller groove and the annular groove.

2. The adaptive variable pitch vertical axis hydroelectric power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impeller frame is provided with a pitch through slot, the pitch through slot is provided between the impeller groove and the annular groove, and the angle adjustment slider slides in the pitch through slot.

3. The adaptive variable pitch vertical axis hydroelectric power generation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The impeller frame includes an impeller clamping member and an impeller member; The impeller member is rotatably clamped in the impeller clamping member, and the blades are slidably mounted in the impeller member, with at least a portion of the blades being located outside the circumference of the impeller member; The impeller clamping member is provided with the pitch through slot, and the impeller clamping member is rotationally connected to the trigger mechanism. The rotation of the impeller clamping member is used to drive the blades to rotate and extend or rotate and contract in the impeller member.

4. The adaptive variable pitch vertical axis hydroelectric power generation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of protruding arms extend from the outer circumference of the impeller clamping member, and a plurality of pitch slots are provided on the plurality of protruding arms; When the blade is in the maximum expanded position, the outermost end of the pitch slot is located outside the outermost end of the impeller groove.

5. The adaptive variable pitch vertical axis hydroelectric power generation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The impeller member includes the output shaft and two oppositely arranged impeller plates, the two impeller plates are connected by the output shaft, and a plurality of first through grooves are provided in the diameter direction of the impeller plates; The impeller clamping member includes an impeller support rod and two impeller clamping plates arranged opposite to each other, a plurality of protruding arms extending from the outer circumference of the impeller clamping plates, the impeller support rod being connected between the two impeller clamping plates, two impeller plates being rotatably mounted between the two impeller clamping plates, a shaft through hole for the output shaft to pass through being provided on the impeller clamping plates, a plurality of second through slots being provided in the diameter direction of the impeller clamping plates, the second through slots being used to control the travel of the blades in the first through slots; The blade includes a blade body, an end block and a groove bar with the impeller groove; the blade body is arranged between the two impeller plates, and the end of the blade body is connected and fixed to the end block; the end block passes through the first through groove and the second through groove; the groove bar is arranged between the impeller plate and the impeller clamping plate, the groove bar extends out of the impeller frame, and the groove bar is connected and fixed to the end block.

6. The adaptive variable pitch vertical axis hydroelectric power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blades are arc-shaped blades, each having an arc-shaped convex surface facing the water flow and an arc-shaped concave surface facing the water flow, and the innermost sides of the plurality of blades are all on the same circle; When the arc-shaped convex surface faces the water flow, the tangent line of the circle on which the innermost side of the blade is located and the line connecting the innermost side and the outermost side of the blade form a first angle facing away from the water flow; When the arc-shaped concave surface faces the water flow, the tangent line of the circle on which the innermost side of the blade is located and the line connecting the innermost side and the outermost side of the blade form a second angle facing the water flow; The second angle is greater than the first angle.

7. The adaptive variable pitch vertical axis hydroelectric power generation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The annular groove is arranged eccentrically relative to the impeller frame; On a side of the annular groove adjacent to the arc-shaped convex surface facing the water flow, a first distance is formed between the annular groove and the central axis of the impeller frame; On a side of the annular groove adjacent to the arc-shaped concave surface facing the water flow, a second distance is provided between the annular groove and the central axis of the impeller frame; The first distance is smaller than the second distance.

8. The adaptive variable pitch vertical axis hydroelectric power generation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The groove line of the annular groove is a cam-shaped curve.

9. The adaptive variable pitch vertical axis hydroelectric power generation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The annular groove includes a wide arc groove section and a narrow arc groove section; The wide arc groove section is arranged on a side of the annular groove adjacent to the arc-shaped convex surface facing the water flow; The narrow arc groove segment is arranged on a side of the annular groove adjacent to the arc-shaped concave surface facing the water flow.

10. The adaptive variable pitch vertical axis hydroelectric power generation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A connecting through hole is formed on the angle adjustment plate, and a distance between the connecting through hole and the annular groove ranges from the first distance to the second distance; The angle adjustment plate is sleeved on the outside of the output shaft through the connecting through hole, and the angle adjustment plate is attached to the wall surface of the pipeline through a connecting piece.

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