Cover plate assembly, battery cell and battery

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of energy storage equipment, in particular to a cover plate assembly, a battery cell and a battery, the cover plate assembly comprises a conductive cover plate main body piece, a first pole assembly, a second pole assembly and a shape memory piece, the shape memory piece comprises a first part and a second part, and the first part is electrically connected with the conductive cover plate main body piece. The conductive cover plate main body piece is electrically connected to the second pole assembly, the second part can deform to be electrically connected to the first pole assembly when the temperature is higher than a preset temperature, and the second part can recover to be spaced from the first pole assembly when the temperature is lower than the preset temperature. Or a plurality of shape memory pieces are arranged, and the second parts of part of the shape memory pieces can deform to be electrically connected to the first pole assembly when the temperature is higher than the preset temperature, and can recover to be arranged at intervals with the first pole assembly when the temperature is lower than the preset temperature; and the second parts of the other shape memory parts can deform when the temperature is higher than the preset temperature so as to be electrically connected to the second pole assembly, and can recover deformation when the temperature is lower than the preset temperature so as to be arranged at intervals with the second pole assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of energy storage devices, in particular to a cover plate assembly, an electric core and a battery. Background Art

[0002] As a commonly used energy storage device, the safety performance of a battery has attracted much attention. In the prior art, in order to prevent the electric core from heating up and exploding, an explosion-proof valve or a flip valve is provided on the cover plate of the electric core, and triggering the explosion-proof valve or the flip valve is an irreversible self-destruction treatment. After the temperature of the electric core returns to normal, the cover plate cannot be reused, resulting in waste.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a cover plate assembly, an electric core and a battery to solve the above problems. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] An object of the present utility model is to provide a cover plate assembly that can be reused repeatedly and save the replacement cost.

[0005] To achieve this purpose, the present utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] Provide a cover plate assembly, including a conductive cover plate main body, a first pole column assembly, a second pole column assembly and a shape memory element. The first pole column assembly and the second pole column assembly respectively pass through two through holes arranged at intervals of the conductive cover plate main body. The shape memory element includes a first part and a second part, and the first part is electrically connected to the conductive cover plate main body;

[0007] The conductive cover plate main body is electrically connected to the second pole column assembly. When the temperature is higher than a preset temperature, the second part can deform to be electrically connected to the first pole column assembly. When the temperature is lower than the preset temperature, the second part can restore deformation to be spaced apart from the first pole column assembly;

[0008] Or a plurality of shape memory elements are provided. The second parts of some of the shape memory elements can deform to be electrically connected to the first pole column assembly when the temperature is higher than the preset temperature, and can also restore deformation to be spaced apart from the first pole column assembly when the temperature is lower than the preset temperature. The second parts of the remaining shape memory elements can deform to be electrically connected to the second pole column assembly when the temperature is higher than the preset temperature, and can also restore deformation to be spaced apart from the second pole column assembly when the temperature is lower than the preset temperature.

[0009] Optionally, the first pole column assembly includes a first pole column. The first pole column includes a pole column part and a connecting part. The pole column part passes through the through hole of the conductive cover plate main body, and the connecting part is located on one side of the inner cavity of the conductive cover plate main body facing the housing. When the temperature is higher than the preset temperature, the second part can be electrically connected to the connecting part.

[0010] Optionally, it further includes a lower plastic, which is located between the conductive cover plate main body and the connecting part. The lower plastic is provided with an avoidance hole, and when the temperature is higher than the preset temperature, the second part can pass through the avoidance hole and abut against the connecting part.

[0011] Optionally, a receiving groove is formed on one side of the conductive cover plate main body facing the lower plastic, and the first part is connected to the bottom of the receiving groove.

[0012] Optionally, the peripheral part of the avoidance hole shields the receiving groove, and a part of the first part is located in the shielded receiving groove.

[0013] Optionally, when the temperature is lower than the preset temperature, the second part adheres to the bottom of the receiving groove.

[0014] Optionally, a plurality of the shape memory elements are arranged at intervals in the receiving groove.

[0015] Optionally, the first pole assembly includes a first pole and a first conductive block. The pole part of the first pole penetrates through a through hole of the first conductive block and is electrically connected to the first conductive block. The first conductive block is arranged on one side of the conductive cover plate main body facing away from the inner cavity of the shell, and when the temperature is higher than the preset temperature, the second part can be electrically connected to the first conductive block.

[0016] Another object of the present invention is to provide an electric core, the cover plate assembly of which can be reused, saving the replacement cost.

[0017] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0018] Provide an electric core, including an electric core box body and the above-mentioned cover plate assembly. The cover plate assembly covers an opening of the electric core box body, so that the cover plate assembly and the electric core box body jointly form an electric core shell.

[0019] Another object of the present invention is to provide a battery, the cover plate assembly of which can be reused, saving the replacement cost.

[0020] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0021] Provide a battery, including a battery box body and the above-mentioned cover plate assembly. The cover plate assembly covers an opening of the battery box body, so that the cover plate assembly and the battery box body jointly form a battery shell.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0023] The present utility model provides a cover plate assembly, which includes a conductive cover plate main body, a first pole column assembly, a second pole column assembly, and a shape memory element. The first pole column assembly and the second pole column assembly are respectively disposed through two spaced through holes of the conductive cover plate main body. The shape memory element includes a first part and a second part, and the first part is electrically connected to the conductive cover plate main body. The conductive cover plate main body is electrically connected to the second pole column assembly. When the temperature is higher than a preset temperature, the second part can deform to be electrically connected to the first pole column assembly, thereby conducting the first pole column assembly and the second pole column assembly to form a short circuit. When the temperature is lower than the preset temperature, the second part can restore its deformation to be spaced apart from the first pole column assembly and return to normal. Or multiple shape memory elements are provided. The second parts of some shape memory elements can deform to be electrically connected to the first pole column assembly when the temperature is higher than the preset temperature, and can also restore their deformation to be spaced apart from the first pole column assembly when the temperature is lower than the preset temperature. The second parts of the remaining shape memory elements can deform to be electrically connected to the second pole column assembly when the temperature is higher than the preset temperature, and can also restore their deformation to be spaced apart from the second pole column assembly when the temperature is lower than the preset temperature. Therefore, when the temperature is higher than the preset temperature, through the deformation of the shape memory element, the first pole column assembly and the second pole column assembly can be conducted to form a short circuit. When the temperature is lower than the preset temperature, the shape memory element can restore its deformation, and the first pole column assembly and the second pole column assembly return to the normal insulation state. Therefore, the cover plate assembly can release electric energy by means of short circuit when the temperature rises to the preset temperature, reducing the safety risk, and can disconnect the short circuit and automatically return to the normal insulation state when the temperature returns to be lower than the preset temperature, ensuring that the energy storage device can still be used normally. Therefore, the cover plate assembly can be reused repeatedly, saving the replacement cost.

[0024] The present utility model also provides a battery cell, which includes a battery cell box body and the above-mentioned cover plate assembly. The cover plate assembly is covered at the opening of the battery cell box body so that the cover plate assembly and the battery cell box body jointly form a battery cell housing. The cover plate assembly of this battery cell can be reused repeatedly, saving the replacement cost.

[0025] The present utility model also provides a battery, which includes a battery box body and the above-mentioned cover plate assembly. The cover plate assembly is covered at the opening of the battery box body so that the cover plate assembly and the battery box body jointly form a battery housing. The cover plate assembly of this battery can be reused repeatedly, saving the replacement cost. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the cover plate assembly provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 is an exploded view of the cover plate assembly provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the cover plate assembly (high-temperature short-circuit state) provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the cover plate assembly (normal state at low temperature) provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the shape memory element (high-temperature short-circuit state) provided by an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0031] In the figure:

[0032] 1. Conductive cover plate main body; 11. Accommodating groove;

[0033] 2. Shape memory element; 21. First part; 22. Second part;

[0034] 3. First pole column; 31. Pole column part; 32. Connection part; 4. Lower plastic; 5. First conductive block; 6. Upper plastic. Specific implementation manner

[0035] The technical solution of the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Additionally, it should be noted that for the sake of description, only parts related to the present utility model are shown in the drawings rather than all of them.

[0036] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific situations.

[0037] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact through other features between them. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over", and "on" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "beneath", and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0038] Such as Figures 1 - 5As shown in the figure, the cover plate assembly of this embodiment includes a conductive cover plate main body 1, a first pole column assembly, a second pole column assembly, and a shape memory element 2. The first pole column assembly and the second pole column assembly are respectively disposed through two spaced through holes of the conductive cover plate main body 1. The first pole column assembly is a positive pole column assembly, and the second pole column assembly is a negative pole column assembly, or the first pole column assembly is a negative pole column assembly, and the second pole column assembly is a positive pole column assembly. The shape memory element 2 includes a first part 21 and a second part 22, and the first part 21 is electrically connected to the conductive cover plate main body 1.

[0039] In this embodiment, the conductive cover plate main body 1 is electrically connected to the second pole column assembly. When the temperature is higher than the preset temperature, the second part 22 can deform to be electrically connected to the first pole column assembly, so that the first pole column assembly and the second pole column assembly can be conducted to form a short circuit. When the temperature is lower than the preset temperature, the second part 22 can recover its deformation to be spaced from the first pole column assembly and return to normal.

[0040] That is, one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is originally in a conductive state with the conductive cover plate main body 1, and the other is in an insulating state. However, when the temperature is higher than the preset temperature, through the deformation of the shape memory element 2, the other is also conducted with the conductive cover plate main body 1, and at this time, the positive and negative electrodes are connected in a short circuit. When the temperature returns to be lower than the preset temperature, the shape memory element 2 recovers its deformation and returns to its original normal state, and at this time, the positive and negative electrodes are disconnected.

[0041] In other embodiments, both the positive electrode and the negative electrode are insulated from the conductive cover plate main body 1. There are multiple shape memory elements 2. Some are used to conduct one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode at abnormally high temperatures, and the remaining shape memory elements 2 are used to conduct the other at this time, also forming a short circuit. Specifically, the second part 22 of some shape memory elements 2 can deform to be electrically connected to the first pole column assembly when the temperature is higher than the preset temperature, and can also recover its deformation to be spaced from the first pole column assembly when the temperature is lower than the preset temperature. The second part 22 of the remaining shape memory elements 2 can deform to be electrically connected to the second pole column assembly when the temperature is higher than the preset temperature, and can also recover its deformation to be spaced from the second pole column assembly when the temperature is lower than the preset temperature. Therefore, when the temperature is higher than the preset temperature, through the deformation of the shape memory element 2, the first pole column assembly and the second pole column assembly can be conducted to form a short circuit. When the temperature is lower than the preset temperature, the shape memory element 2 can recover its deformation, and the first pole column assembly and the second pole column assembly return to the normal insulating state.

[0042] Therefore, the cover plate assembly can release electric energy by short circuit when the temperature rises to the preset temperature, reduce the safety risk, and the energy storage device may return to normal, and the explosion-proof valve will not burst due to excessive internal air pressure. When the temperature of the energy storage device returns to be lower than the preset temperature, the short circuit is disconnected and automatically returns to the normal insulating state, ensuring that the energy storage device can still be used normally. Therefore, the cover plate assembly can be reused repeatedly, saving the replacement cost.

[0043] In this embodiment, optionally, the first pole assembly includes a first pole 3. The first pole 3 includes a pole part 31 and a connecting part 32. The pole part 31 passes through a through hole of the conductive cover main body 1, and the connecting part 32 is located on one side of the conductive cover main body 1 facing the inner cavity of the housing. When the temperature is higher than the preset temperature, the second part 22 can be electrically connected to the connecting part 32. That is, the shape memory member 2 is located between the conductive cover main body 1 and the connecting part 32.

[0044] Optionally, the cover assembly further includes a lower plastic 4. The lower plastic 4 is located between the conductive cover main body 1 and the connecting part 32, and the lower plastic 4 can ensure that the conductive cover main body 1 and the connecting part 32 are insulated under normal conditions. As Figure 3 shown, the lower plastic 4 is provided with an avoidance hole, and when the temperature is higher than the preset temperature, the second part 22 can pass through the avoidance hole and abut against the connecting part 32.

[0045] Optionally, a receiving groove 11 is formed on one side of the conductive cover main body 1 facing the lower plastic 4, and the first part 21 is connected to the bottom of the receiving groove 11. Optionally, the peripheral part of the avoidance hole blocks the receiving groove 11, and a part of the first part 21 is located in the blocked receiving groove 11.

[0046] As Figure 4 shown, optionally, when the temperature is lower than the preset temperature, the second part 22 adheres to the bottom of the receiving groove 11.

[0047] Optionally, a plurality of shape memory members 2 are arranged at intervals in the receiving groove 11, and the plurality of shape memory members 2 are all located at the receiving groove 11 to ensure a plurality of connection points and avoid the failure of a certain shape memory member 2 in case of abnormally high temperature.

[0048] Optionally, the first pole assembly includes a first pole 3 and a first conductive block 5. The pole part 31 of the first pole 3 passes through a through hole of the first conductive block 5 and is electrically connected to the first conductive block 5. The first conductive block 5 is arranged on one side of the conductive cover main body 1 facing away from the inner cavity of the housing.

[0049] Optionally, the cover assembly further includes an upper plastic 6. The upper plastic 6 is arranged between the first conductive block 5 and the conductive cover main body 1 to ensure insulation between the first conductive block 5 and the conductive cover main body 1.

[0050] In this embodiment, the shape memory component 2 is arranged between the connecting part 32 of the first pole column 3 and the conductive cover plate main body component 1. In other embodiments, the shape memory component 2 can also be arranged between the conductive cover plate main body component 1 and the first conductive block 5. When the temperature is higher than the preset temperature, the second part 22 can be electrically connected to the first conductive block 5, and the conductive cover plate main body component 1 and the first pole column assembly can also be conducted to form a short circuit. At this time, the shape memory component 2 can be arranged at the through hole of the upper plastic 6. Similarly, a groove can be opened on the surface of the conductive cover plate main body component 1 facing the first conductive block 5 to place the shape memory component 2, or a groove can be opened on the surface of the first conductive block 5 facing the conductive cover plate main body component 1 to place the shape memory component 2, which will not be elaborated here.

[0051] Optionally, the shape memory component 2 adopted in this embodiment is in a flat state at normal temperature, will deform and bend at abnormally high temperatures, and will return to the flat state again when the temperature drops back to normal temperature. Optionally, the material of the shape memory component 2 is one of nickel-titanium-based alloys, copper-nickel-based alloys, copper-aluminum-based alloys, copper-zinc-based alloys, Fe-Mn-Si, and Fe-Pd.

[0052] This cover plate assembly can be used as both a cell cover plate and a battery cover plate. When used as a cell cover plate, when the cell is at an abnormally high temperature, this cover plate assembly can release the power of the cell and ensure the normal use of the cell after returning to the normal temperature. When this cover plate assembly is used as a battery cover plate, when the battery is at an abnormally high temperature, this cover plate assembly can release the power of the battery and ensure the normal use of the battery after returning to the normal temperature.

[0053] This embodiment also provides a cell, which includes a cell box body and the above-mentioned cover plate assembly. The cover plate assembly is covered at the opening of the cell box body so that the cover plate assembly and the cell box body jointly form a cell housing. The cover plate assembly of this cell can be reused, saving the replacement cost.

[0054] This embodiment also provides a battery, which includes a battery box body and the above-mentioned cover plate assembly. The cover plate assembly is covered at the opening of the battery box body so that the cover plate assembly and the battery box body jointly form a battery housing. The cover plate assembly of this battery can be reused, saving the replacement cost.

[0055] Obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly explaining the present invention, rather than limitations on the implementation manners of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation manners here. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Cover plate assembly, characterized in that, The invention comprises a conductive cover plate main body (1), a first pole assembly, a second pole assembly and a shape memory component (2), wherein the first pole assembly and the second pole assembly are respectively provided at two through holes arranged at intervals in the conductive cover plate main body (1), and the shape memory component (2) comprises a first part (21) and a second part (22), and the first part (21) is electrically connected to the conductive cover plate main body (1); The conductive cover plate main body (1) is electrically connected to the second pole assembly; when the temperature is higher than a preset temperature, the second portion (22) can be deformed to be electrically connected to the first pole assembly; when the temperature is lower than the preset temperature, the second portion (22) can recover the deformation to be spaced apart from the first pole assembly; Or the shape memory element (2) is provided with a plurality of parts, the second part (22) of some of the shape memory elements (2) can be deformed to be electrically connected to the first pole component when the temperature is higher than the preset temperature, and can also recover the deformation to be spaced apart from the first pole component when the temperature is lower than the preset temperature, and the second part (22) of the remaining shape memory elements (2) can be deformed to be electrically connected to the second pole component when the temperature is higher than the preset temperature, and can also recover the deformation to be spaced apart from the second pole component when the temperature is lower than the preset temperature.

2. The cover plate assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The first pole assembly comprises a first pole (3), the first pole (3) comprising a pole portion (31) and a connecting portion (32), the pole portion (31) being arranged through a through hole of the conductive cover plate main body (1), the connecting portion (32) being located on a side of the conductive cover plate main body (1) facing the inner cavity of the shell, and the second portion (22) being able to be electrically connected to the connecting portion (32) when the temperature is higher than the preset temperature.

3. The cover plate assembly according to claim 2, wherein: The invention also includes a lower plastic (4), which is located between the conductive cover body (1) and the connecting portion (32). The lower plastic (4) is provided with an avoidance hole, and when the temperature is higher than the preset temperature, the second portion (22) can pass through the avoidance hole and abut against the connecting portion (32).

4. The cover plate assembly according to claim 3, wherein: The conductive cover main body (1) is provided with a receiving groove (11) on one side facing the lower plastic (4), and the first portion (21) is connected to the bottom of the receiving groove (11).

5. The cover plate assembly according to claim 4, wherein: The peripheral portion of the avoidance hole blocks the accommodating groove (11), and the first portion (21) is partially located within the blocked accommodating groove (11).

6. The cover plate assembly according to claim 4, wherein: When the temperature is lower than the preset temperature, the second portion (22) is attached to the bottom of the containing tank (11).

7. The cover plate assembly according to claim 4, wherein: A plurality of shape memory components (2) are arranged at intervals in the accommodating groove (11).

8. The cover plate assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The first pole assembly comprises a first pole (3) and a first conductive block (5); the pole portion (31) of the first pole (3) is arranged in a through hole of the first conductive block (5) and is electrically connected to the first conductive block (5); the first conductive block (5) is arranged on a side of the conductive cover plate main body (1) facing away from the inner cavity of the shell; and the second portion (22) can be electrically connected to the first conductive block (5) when the temperature is higher than the preset temperature.

9. A battery cell, characterized in that: The battery cell box comprises a battery cell box body and a cover plate assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the cover plate assembly is arranged on the opening of the battery cell box body so that the cover plate assembly and the battery cell box body together form a battery cell shell.

10. A battery, characterized in that It comprises a battery box body and a cover plate assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the cover plate assembly is arranged on the opening of the battery box body so that the cover plate assembly and the battery box body together form a battery shell.

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