Cascade power supply circuit and moving target detection device

Abstract

The utility model provides a cascade power supply circuit and a moving object detection device, and the cascade power supply circuit comprises one or more different cascade units which are sequentially arranged between a battery and a load to form a cascade circuit structure between the battery and the load. The cascade units are arranged to be sequentially connected one by one along an electric energy transmission path between the battery and the load, each cascade unit depends on electric energy supply of the previous cascade unit and stores the electric energy after being connected, so that when the subsequent next cascade unit is connected, the electric energy is jointly obtained from the battery, the current cascade unit and / or the previous cascade unit. Electric energy is provided for the next cascade unit; and when the current sequentially passes through the plurality of cascade units, the cascade units store and transfer electric energy step by step.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of human presence detection, in particular to a cascade power supply circuit and a moving target detection device. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, button batteries are mainly used in low-power devices such as watches and remote controls due to their small size and limited capacity.

[0003] However, with the development of sensing technology, sensors such as radar are widely used in fields such as smart homes, autonomous driving, and security monitoring. The power requirements of these application scenarios far exceed the power supply capacity of button batteries. This is especially true for sensors such as radar. Their working principle relies on transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves to detect the position and motion status of target objects. This process not only requires high instantaneous power, but also requires the device to maintain a certain power consumption during continuous operation.

[0004] Therefore, when traditional button batteries are used to power radar sensors, many problems usually occur. In view of this, overcoming the defects of the prior art is an urgent problem to be solved in the field of this technology. Utility Model Content

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a cascade power supply circuit and a moving target detection device, wherein the cascade power supply circuit can avoid the generation of instantaneous large current by supplying power step by step, thereby reducing the loss of the battery.

[0006] Another object of the present utility model is to provide a cascade power supply circuit and a moving target detection device, wherein the cascade power supply circuit can further optimize the distribution and use of electric energy by controlling the working timing and electric energy storage process of each cascade unit. This combined power supply method is particularly suitable for loads with high starting voltage / current requirements (such as radar, etc.), so that it can start normally even when the battery power is limited.

[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide a cascade power supply circuit and moving target detection device, wherein each cascade unit in the cascade power supply circuit is not connected simultaneously, but is connected sequentially, with a certain time delay between each connection. This design effectively avoids the impact of instantaneous high current, can reduce the burden on the battery, and further extend the battery life.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a cascade power supply circuit and moving target detection device, wherein in the cascade power supply circuit, the initial cascade unit and the final cascade unit, through a reasonable division of labor, jointly complete the power transfer from the battery to the load. The initial cascade unit is responsible for storing a large amount of power, ensuring that the battery energy is effectively received and transferred to subsequent units; while the final cascade unit is responsible for carefully adjusting and processing the power to ensure that the load receives a stable and adaptive power supply.

[0009] Another object of the present invention is to provide a cascade power supply circuit and a moving target detection device, wherein the cascade power supply circuit uses a step-by-step switch control mechanism, which can more accurately manage the transmission of electric energy, avoid battery overload problems caused by excessive instantaneous current, and make the entire power supply process more efficient and stable.

[0010] Another object of the present invention is to provide a cascade power supply circuit and a moving target detection device, wherein the cascade power supply circuit improves the stability and efficiency of the cascade power supply circuit by introducing a voltage and current adjustment mechanism.

[0011] Another object of the present invention is to provide a cascade power supply circuit and moving target detection device. The cascade power supply circuit further optimizes the power transfer process within the cascade power supply circuit by introducing voltage range settings. The voltage adjustment mechanism between different cascade units ensures that power can be transferred step by step, ultimately providing a stable power supply to the load.

[0012] Another object of the present utility model is to provide a cascade power supply circuit and a moving target detection device, wherein the cascade power supply circuit can provide a stable and suitable power supply for high-demand loads (such as radar sensing modules) through multi-cascade energy storage and voltage adjustment when using only one button battery.

[0013] Another object of the present invention is to provide a cascade power supply circuit and a moving target detection device, wherein the cascade power supply circuit is given greater flexibility through the design of a second switch K2. By controlling the on / off state of the second switch K2, the operating sequence of the two energy storage components can be precisely controlled.

[0014] Another object of the present invention is to provide a cascade power supply circuit and a moving target detection device, wherein the cascade power supply circuit is designed with a decreasing capacity of each cascade unit, which not only ensures that the power transmission process of the entire cascade power supply circuit is efficient and smooth, but also avoids unnecessary waste of power and maximizes the utilization rate of the energy storage component.

[0015] Another object of the present invention is to provide a cascade power supply circuit and a moving target detection device, wherein the connection sequence between the cascade units of the cascade power supply circuit is precisely controlled to ensure that no excessive power transfer delay occurs and no current shock occurs due to too short an interval.

[0016] Another object of the present invention is to provide a cascade power supply circuit and a moving target detection device, wherein the cascade power supply circuit further includes an independent power supply unit, located between a button battery and a controller, responsible for supplying power to the controller via an independent power supply circuit. The presence of this unit significantly improves the stability of the cascade power supply circuit, particularly when the battery voltage falls below the rated operating voltage of the controller, allowing the controller to continue to be powered by stored backup energy.

[0017] Another object of the present invention is to provide a cascade power supply circuit and a moving target detection device, wherein the cascade power supply circuit stores backup power through an independent energy storage component (such as a capacitor) and cooperates with a diode D1 to prevent power backflow.

[0018] To achieve at least one of the above purposes, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a cascade power supply circuit is provided, comprising: one or more different cascade units, which are used to be arranged in sequence between a battery and a load to form a cascade circuit structure between the battery and the load; each cascade unit is configured to be connected one by one along the power transmission path between the battery and the load, and each cascade unit relies on the power supply of the previous cascade unit and stores the power after being connected, so that when the next cascade unit is subsequently connected, power can be obtained from the battery, the current unit and / or the previous unit to provide power for the next cascade unit.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the cascade unit includes at least a starting cascade unit arranged close to the battery and a final cascade unit arranged close to the load, wherein the starting cascade unit directly receives the electric energy output by the battery and transmits it to the subsequent stage, and the final cascade unit directly supplies power to the load; wherein the energy storage space of the starting cascade unit is larger than the energy storage space of the final cascade unit, and the final cascade unit supplies power to the load by reducing the voltage.

[0020] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the cascade unit includes: a first cascade unit, connected to a battery, receiving and storing electric energy; a second cascade unit, connected between the first cascade unit and the third cascade unit to form a first electric energy transfer path between the first cascade unit and the second cascade unit; a third cascade unit, connected between the second cascade unit and the load to form a second electric energy transfer path between the second cascade unit and the third cascade unit; by sequentially connecting the first electric energy transfer path and the second electric energy transfer path, the first cascade unit, the second cascade unit and the third cascade unit are connected step by step.

[0021] According to an embodiment of the present invention, it also includes: a first switch for controlling the on and off of the first power transmission path; a second switch for controlling the on and off of the second power transmission path; the first switch and the second switch are configured to be turned on in sequence according to a predetermined timing and / or conditions to achieve sequential connection of the first power transmission path and the second power transmission path.

[0022] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the second cascade unit and the third cascade unit adjust the voltage and / or current of the received electric energy before storing it.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the second cascade unit is set with a second specified voltage interval, and the second cascade unit adjusts the received electric energy to the second specified voltage interval and then stores it, so as to facilitate the third cascade unit to transfer electric energy to the load; the third cascade unit is set with a third specified voltage interval, and the third cascade unit adjusts the electric energy of the second specified voltage interval transferred by the second cascade unit to the third specified voltage interval and then stores it to supply power to the load; wherein, the third specified voltage interval is set to cover the output voltage of a button battery, and the second specified voltage interval is set to be higher than the output voltage of the button battery, so that when the operating voltage interval of the load covers the output voltage of the button battery, the cascade power supply circuit can provide electric energy to the load only through one button battery.

[0024] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the first cascade unit includes a first energy storage component for directly receiving and storing electrical energy from a battery; the second cascade unit includes a switching power supply unit and a second energy storage component, the switching power supply unit is electrically connected between the first switch and the second energy storage component, and is suitable for boosting the electrical energy transmitted by the first energy storage component and a button battery to a second specified voltage interval and then storing it in the second energy storage component in a working state; wherein when the first switch is turned on, the switching power supply unit is triggered to enter a working state; the third cascade unit includes a linear voltage regulator unit and a third energy storage component, the linear voltage regulator unit steps down the electrical energy connected to the second specified voltage interval to a third specified voltage interval and then stores it in the third energy storage component, and supplies it to the load, so as to be suitable for when the load includes a radar sensing module, the power supply circuit outputs a power supply that meets the ripple requirements of the radar sensing module through the linear voltage regulator unit when only one button battery is connected.

[0025] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the second energy storage assembly includes two capacitive energy storage components separated by a second switch, wherein the first capacitive energy storage component and the second capacitive energy storage component sequentially obtain electrical energy before and after the second switch is turned on.

[0026] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the capacity A1 of the first energy storage assembly, the capacity A2 of the second energy storage assembly, and the capacity A3 of the third energy storage assembly are collectively configured as follows: A1>A2>A3;

[0027] and / or,

[0028] A1 ≥ 300uF, A2 ≥ 200uF, A3 ≥ 100uF, and A1-A2 ≥ 100uF and / or A2-A3 ≥ 100uF.

[0029] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first switch and the second switch are respectively controlled by a controller, which electrically connects the first switch and the second switch and controls the first switch and the second switch to be turned on in sequence according to a predetermined timing. Each cascade unit is only charged in the interval before the next cascade unit is turned on, and only discharges to the outside after the next cascade unit is turned on, and the interval is limited to [100ms, 5000ms], that is, there is an interval of at least 100ms between the turn-on times of any two adjacent cascade units.

[0030] According to an embodiment of the present invention, it also includes an independent power supply unit, which is arranged between a battery and the controller, for forming an independent power supply circuit from the battery to the controller, and can store a specified capacity of backup power, and then when the battery voltage is pulled down below the rated operating voltage of the controller, the controller is powered by the backup power and the backup power is prevented from being transmitted to the battery; the specified capacity is specifically set so that when the battery voltage is pulled down below the rated operating voltage of the controller, the normal power supply of the controller can be delayed for at least 4 seconds by the backup power.

[0031] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the independent power supply unit includes a diode and a fourth energy storage component, wherein the anode of the diode is electrically connected to the output end of the battery, and the cathode is electrically connected to the fourth energy storage component, and the fourth energy storage component is electrically connected to the power supply end of the controller; the capacity of the fourth energy storage component is set to above 200uF, so that the specified capacity of backup power stored in the fourth energy storage component can independently support the controller to operate for more than 10 seconds.

[0032] To achieve at least one of the above purposes, according to the second aspect of the present invention, a moving target detection device is provided, which includes a radar sensing module and a button battery. The button battery powers the radar sensing module through the cascade power supply circuit provided by the first aspect above. The radar sensing module is used to detect whether there is a moving target in the environment.

[0033] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and explanatory and do not limit the present invention. The above-mentioned utility model contents can be combined arbitrarily. These and other purposes of the present invention will be fully reflected in the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.

[0034] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and explanatory and are not restrictive of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art. The drawings herein are incorporated into and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application, and together with the specification, are used to explain the principles of the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without inventive work.

[0036] Figure 1 It is a block diagram of a cascade power supply circuit in one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a block diagram of a cascade power supply circuit after a switch is introduced in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a specific block diagram of a cascade power supply circuit in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0039] Figure 4 In one embodiment of the present utility model, Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the detailed block diagram;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a specific block diagram of a cascade power supply circuit in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0041] Figure 6 In one embodiment of the present utility model, Figure 5 A detailed block diagram of Figure 1 ;

[0042] Figure 7 In one embodiment of the present utility model, Figure 5 A detailed block diagram of Figure 2 ;

[0043] Figure 8 In one embodiment of the present utility model, Figure 7Schematic diagram of the detailed block diagram;

[0044] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a specific circuit example of a cascade power supply circuit in one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0045] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a block diagram of a cascade power supply circuit after a controller is introduced into an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 11 In one embodiment of the present utility model Figure 10 The corresponding specific circuit example Figure 1 ;

[0047] Figure 12 In one embodiment of the present utility model Figure 10 The corresponding specific circuit example Figure 2 ;

[0048] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a block diagram of a cascade power supply circuit after an independent power supply unit is introduced into an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 14 In one embodiment of the present utility model Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the refined block diagram based on the foundation;

[0050] Figure 15 In one embodiment of the present utility model Figure 13 The corresponding specific circuit example schematic diagram;

[0051] Figure 16 It is a block diagram of a moving target detection device in one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] It should be understood that in the description of all embodiments of the present invention, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features referred to. Therefore, features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. Terms such as "coupled" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and can refer to, for example, fixed, removable, or integrated connections; mechanical, electrical, or intercommunication; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary to form a linkage relationship; internal communication between two components; or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0054] In the embodiments of the present invention, the symbol " / " means that it has two functions at the same time. The symbol "A and / or B" indicates that the combination of the preceding and following objects connected by the symbol includes "A", "B", and "A and B".

[0055] In existing technologies, button batteries are primarily used in low-power devices such as watches and remote controls due to their small size and limited capacity. However, with the advancement of sensing technology, sensors such as radar are widely used in smart homes, autonomous driving, and security monitoring. These applications require power far exceeding the power supply capacity of button batteries. This is especially true for sensors like radar, which rely on transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves to detect the position and motion of target objects. This process not only requires high instantaneous power but also requires the device to maintain a certain power consumption during continuous operation.

[0056] Therefore, when traditional button batteries are used to power radar sensors, they often have many problems, such as:

[0057] Insufficient transient power supply: Radar equipment typically requires high transient current during startup or detection, but the limited output current of button batteries cannot meet these peak power consumption requirements. This results in delayed startup or unstable operation of the device.

[0058] Short battery life: Even if radar devices can work for a short period of time, they require continuous power consumption during use. The capacity of button batteries is not enough to keep the devices running for a long time, resulting in frequent battery replacement, increasing maintenance costs and inconvenience.

[0059] Low energy utilization efficiency: The energy output of button batteries is generally relatively stable, and the power supply cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the load requirements of the radar equipment. As a result, some energy cannot be met when high power consumption is required, and is wasted when low power consumption is not required, further shortening the battery life.

[0060] To address at least one of the above issues, one embodiment of the present invention provides an innovative cascade power supply circuit design that effectively utilizes the limited energy of button batteries and, through an appropriate circuit structure, provides sufficient instantaneous power and continuous power supply capabilities. This not only improves the performance of radar equipment, but also significantly extends the device's operating time, reduces the frequency of battery replacement, and enhances system stability and user experience.

[0061] Specifically, if Figure 1 As shown, the utility model provides a cascade power supply circuit, comprising:

[0062] One or more different cascade units are configured to be sequentially arranged between a battery and a load to form a cascade circuit structure between the battery and the load. Each cascade unit is configured to be connected sequentially along the power transmission path between the battery and the load. Each cascade unit relies on the power supply of the cascade unit in the previous level and stores power after connection. This allows the subsequent cascade unit to obtain power from the battery, the current level unit, and / or the previous level unit to provide power to the next cascade unit when the next cascade unit is connected.

[0063] When the current passes through multiple cascade units in sequence, each cascade unit stores and transfers electric energy step by step.

[0064] Specifically, the specific functions and structures of each cascade unit can be the same or different. Each cascade unit can be regarded as an independent power processing module. Each cascade unit has energy storage capacity and / or power regulation capacity. It receives power from the previous level, stores and / or regulates it, and then transmits it to the next cascade unit until it is finally supplied to the load.

[0065] Each cascade unit relies on the power provided by the previous unit to operate. This means that power is transferred step by step along a fixed direction. Each stage must have sufficient power from the previous cascade unit when it is connected. Each cascade unit may include energy storage components, voltage regulation components, and / or control components to regulate and store the power transferred from the previous cascade unit.

[0066] After each cascade unit is connected, it not only transmits the received power to the next cascade unit, but also stores the power in its own energy storage component. This design ensures that the power is conditioned and stored before it is transferred to each cascade unit, preventing voltage fluctuations from directly affecting the normal operation of the load.

[0067] The energy storage component of each cascade unit may be a capacitor, a battery or other suitable energy storage device, which is responsible for temporarily storing the electrical energy transferred from the battery or the previous cascade unit.

[0068] In practical applications, this step-by-step transmission and storage method ensures that the load can receive a smooth and continuous power supply, avoiding load failures caused by voltage instability.

[0069] After current flows through multiple cascaded units, all of them ultimately combine to power the load. This design not only ensures sufficient energy is supplied to the load during power-up, but also ensures smooth power transfer, preventing load startup failures due to transient voltage shortfalls. In a specific example, when a load begins operating, all of the cascaded units collectively provide power, ensuring a smooth power-up.

[0070] Furthermore, the solution provided by this embodiment, through a step-by-step power supply circuit, can avoid the generation of instantaneous high currents, thereby reducing battery drain. Furthermore, by controlling the operating sequence and energy storage process of each cascaded unit, the distribution and use of electrical energy can be further optimized. This combined power supply method is particularly suitable for loads with high startup voltage / current requirements (such as radar), enabling them to start normally even with limited battery power.

[0071] In some embodiments, the on-time interval between any two adjacent cascade units is in the millisecond level, for example, 1000 microseconds or more.

[0072] Furthermore, there is an interval of at least 100ms between the connection times of any two adjacent cascade units. Furthermore, in order to further optimize the stability and efficiency of the power supply, the connection time of each cascade unit is delayed. Specifically, the connection time interval between any two adjacent cascade units is at least 100ms. The design of this time delay can ensure that the next cascade unit can obtain electrical energy from the battery, the current level unit and / or the previous level unit when it is turned on. In other words, in this embodiment, each time it passes through a cascade unit, the electrical energy is superimposed and transmitted backward, which may be partial superposition or full superposition, that is, the instantaneous power supply capacity of the circuit will increase with each additional cascade unit passed.

[0073] In this design, each cascade unit is not connected simultaneously, but rather sequentially, with a time delay between each connection. This design effectively avoids the impact of instantaneous high currents, reduces the burden on the battery, and further extends the battery life. For example, after the first cascade unit is connected and has stored sufficient energy, the second cascade unit will begin to connect. This step-by-step connection method ensures that the power supply source for subsequent cascade units is sufficient and reduces the impact of instantaneous high currents.

[0074] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 As shown, the cascade unit includes at least a starting cascade unit arranged close to the battery and a final cascade unit arranged close to the load, wherein the starting cascade unit directly receives the electric energy output by the battery and transmits it to the subsequent stage, and the final cascade unit directly supplies power to the load.

[0075] Furthermore, the starting cascade unit only has energy storage and transfer functions, and the final cascade unit has energy storage and voltage and / or current adjustment functions. The energy storage space of the starting cascade unit is larger than that of the final cascade unit, and the final cascade unit supplies power to the load by reducing the voltage.

[0076] Specifically, the cascade power supply circuit includes at least two cascade units: an initial cascade unit located near the battery and a final cascade unit located near the load. This design ensures that the power is transferred from the battery to the load through a hierarchical process, minimizing energy loss and improving stability.

[0077] The starting cascade unit is the first cascade unit in the cascade power supply circuit, which is arranged next to the battery and is used to directly receive the electric energy output by the battery and transmit electric energy to subsequent cascade units (such as the second cascade unit or the final cascade unit). In this embodiment, the starting cascade unit does not undertake the complex task of converting electric energy, but focuses on the storage and transmission of electric energy to ensure sufficient energy supply to the subsequent cascade units. Its purpose is to store the output electric energy of the battery in the most direct way through a larger energy storage capacity, thereby ensuring that the electric energy provided by the battery can be maximized without complex conversion.

[0078] Because the initial cascade unit only stores and transfers energy, without adjusting voltage or current, its internal circuitry is relatively simple. This allows it to have a large energy storage capacity, providing a stable and continuous power supply to subsequent units. For example, if the power consumption of a radar transmission wave increases momentarily, the initial cascade unit can store enough energy to cope with this power surge.

[0079] Compared with the initial cascade unit, the final cascade unit is located closer to the load and needs not only to store energy but also to perform voltage and / or current regulation of the electrical energy.

[0080] The final cascade unit adjusts the high voltage transmitted from the initial cascade unit or previous unit to a low voltage suitable for the load through voltage reduction (or current reduction). It also controls the power supply ripple to ensure a stable power supply to the load. For example, when the load is a high-precision load device such as a radar sensor module, it has strict requirements on the power supply voltage and current. The direct output voltage of the battery is often not suitable for direct supply to the load and may be too high or unstable. In this case, the final cascade unit needs to provide a power supply that meets the ripple requirements to the load through linear voltage regulation.

[0081] Another noteworthy detail is that the energy storage space of the initial cascade unit is designed to be larger than that of the final cascade unit. This design logic is based on a hierarchical approach to power supply requirements: the initial cascade unit is responsible for large-capacity energy storage to ensure sufficient power to subsequent units, while the final cascade unit focuses on smaller-capacity energy adjustment and storage to provide refined power to the load. By optimizing the energy storage configuration of each unit, we can ensure that every link in the entire power supply circuit can maximize its functionality and adapt to the power requirements of different loads.

[0082] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the initial and final cascade units, through a rational division of labor, jointly complete the transfer of power from the battery to the load. The initial cascade unit is responsible for storing a large amount of power, ensuring that the battery's energy is effectively received and transferred to subsequent units; while the final cascade unit is responsible for carefully adjusting and processing the power to ensure a stable and adaptive power supply to the load.

[0083] The advantage of this division of labor is that it reduces the load on each cascade unit and improves the efficiency and stability of the entire cascade power supply circuit. For example, in a radar sensor application scenario, the large energy storage capacity of the initial cascade unit ensures continuous power supply even when the radar transmission wave consumes a large amount of power instantly. The final cascade unit can ensure that the radar sensing module receives the required stable power supply through precise voltage regulation, without affecting detection accuracy or causing malfunctions due to battery voltage fluctuations.

[0084] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, a switch is provided between any two cascade units (such as Figure 2 The switch K in the circuit connects and disconnects the power transfer path between two adjacent cascaded units by controlling the switch on and off. This switch can be controlled by a software timer, a sensor, or a current detection device. For example, when the switch detects that the power of the initial cascaded unit has reached a preset voltage level, it automatically opens, transferring the power to the final cascaded unit.

[0085] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 As shown, the cascade power supply circuit uses only two cascade units: an initial cascade unit and a final cascade unit. These two cascade units have different functions and structures. The entire cascade power supply circuit uses two button batteries connected in series as the main power source, providing stable power to the load. This design is suitable for applications that are relatively undemanding in terms of size but require a highly stable power supply.

[0086] Two button batteries are connected in series, each with a 6V output voltage. The initial cascade unit is placed close to the batteries, receiving their output power directly. The final cascade unit is placed only close to the load, reducing the 6V voltage received from the batteries and the initial cascade unit to 3V for storage and powering the load.

[0087] Furthermore, if Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a third switch K0 is provided between the initial cascade unit and the final cascade unit. The switching-on timing of the third switch K0 is set so that the initial cascade unit will discharge to the final cascade unit only after storing enough electrical energy.

[0088] In specific examples, such as Figure 4 As shown, the initial cascade unit is mainly composed of capacitors (such as Figure 4 The capacitor C13 in the capacitor C13) has the main function of storing and transmitting the electrical energy output by the battery without any voltage adjustment. The role of the initial cascade unit is to ensure that the output energy of the battery does not fluctuate significantly during the transmission process, so as to provide a stable power input for the next cascade unit. The final cascade unit uses a low-dropout linear regulator (LDO) as the main component. The core task of the final cascade unit is to adjust the voltage of the electrical energy from the initial cascade unit to meet the specific voltage requirements of the load. The load is a radar sensing module, which scans the sensed space for moving targets based on the working principle of Doppler radar (Doppler effect is a frequency change phenomenon. When there is relative motion between the wave source and the observer, the frequency of the wave received by the observer will be different from the frequency emitted by the wave source). In this embodiment, the LDO reduces the voltage of 6V to 3V and stores it in the capacitor (such as Figure 4 The LDO's internal circuit design minimizes voltage fluctuations (i.e., power supply ripple) during the step-down process, thus meeting the radar sensing module's low-ripple power supply requirements. The LDO's precise linear regulation effectively reduces voltage fluctuations and ensures a constant output voltage of around 3V.

[0089] K0 can be formed by a MOS transistor or the enable pin of an LDO. It is controlled by a controller and is set to automatically shut down after the controller is powered on and turn on again after 2 seconds. Furthermore, during these 2 seconds, capacitor C13 of the initial cascade unit will be quickly powered. When K0 is turned on, C13 and the two button batteries jointly power the LDO, reducing fluctuations in the battery output voltage and current and providing instantaneous power supply capability for the power supply circuit.

[0090] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 As shown, three cascade units are used, and the volume is reduced by reducing the number of batteries. At the same time, multi-level voltage adjustment is used to ensure that the load obtains accurate voltage supply.

[0091] Specifically, the cascade unit includes a first cascade unit, a second cascade unit and a third cascade unit.

[0092] The first cascade unit is connected to a battery to receive and store electrical energy. The first cascade unit can be understood as the starting cascade unit of the entire cascade power supply circuit. It acts as a buffer between the battery and subsequent cascade units and can temporarily store electrical energy.

[0093] The second cascade unit is connected between the first and third cascade units to form a first power transfer path between the first and second cascade units. The second cascade unit processes the power transferred by the first cascade unit and then transfers it to the third cascade unit. This cascade process ensures the gradual transfer and regulation of power. The first power transfer path is the path between the first and second cascade units. Connection of this path enables power transfer from the first cascade unit to the second cascade unit.

[0094] The third cascade unit connects the second cascade unit and the load, forming a second power transfer path between the second and third cascade units. The third cascade unit can be understood as the final cascade unit that ultimately transfers power to the load. The third cascade unit delivers the power processed by the first two cascade units to the load, enabling the load to function properly. The second power transfer path, defined as the path between the second and third cascade units, ensures that the second cascade unit transfers power to the third cascade unit.

[0095] By sequentially connecting the first power transmission path and the second power transmission path, the first cascade unit, the second cascade unit and the third cascade unit are connected step by step.

[0096] Furthermore, in this embodiment, each cascade unit is connected in sequence by a step-by-step connection method. This step-by-step connection process ensures more stable and effective current transmission, while reducing the impact of sudden current surges and improving the overall efficiency and stability of the cascade power supply circuit.

[0097] Furthermore, the control mechanism of the cascade power supply circuit is defined, especially the switches used to control the power transmission path and their control methods are introduced. Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, the cascade power supply circuit further includes a first switch K1 and a second switch K2.

[0098] The first switch K1 is used to control the on / off of the first power transmission path, that is, to control the transfer of power from the first cascade unit to the second cascade unit. The first switch K1 connects or disconnects the circuit between the first and second cascade units at appropriate times to ensure power is transferred when needed.

[0099] The second switch K2 is used to control the on / off of the second power transmission path. The second switch K2 is responsible for transmitting power from the second cascade unit to the third cascade unit. By operating the second switch K2, it is possible to control when the third cascade unit receives power and transmits it to the load.

[0100] The first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are configured to be turned on in sequence according to a predetermined timing and / or condition, so as to realize sequential connection of the first power transmission path and the second power transmission path.

[0101] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are not turned on simultaneously, but are turned on sequentially according to a predetermined sequence and / or specific conditions. This design can prevent current surges and optimize the efficiency of power transfer. For example, a predetermined sequence may be used to turn on each switch at a certain time interval, ensuring that each cascaded unit is ready for the next step of power transfer before being turned on.

[0102] Conditional switching may involve voltage or current monitoring. When the power of a cascaded unit reaches a preset value, the switch turns on, allowing power to flow to the next cascaded unit. This conditional control ensures that power is transferred only when each cascaded unit is in optimal condition, further improving circuit stability and efficiency.

[0103] These two switches can be controlled using software timers, sensors, or current detection devices. For example, the first switch K1 automatically opens when it detects that the power in the first cascade unit has reached a preset voltage level, transferring power to the second cascade unit. The second switch K2 then opens only when it detects that the second cascade unit has sufficient stored energy, ensuring a stable power supply to the load.

[0104] In one application scenario, in a radar sensing system, the initial power supply from a button cell battery may not be able to directly power the high-power radar module. By transferring power in stages, the first cascaded unit can first store the energy output from the button cell battery. Then, through the switching control of K1 and K2, it powers the second and third cascaded units in sequence, ultimately delivering power to the radar load to support its normal operation.

[0105] Furthermore, in this embodiment, through the step-by-step switch control mechanism, the circuit can more accurately manage the transmission of electric energy, avoid battery overload problems caused by excessive instantaneous current, and make the entire power supply process more efficient and stable.

[0106] Furthermore, the second cascade unit and the third cascade unit adjust the voltage and / or current of the received electric energy before storing it.

[0107] Specifically, the second and third cascade units process the power received from the previous stage. They don't simply store the received power, but rather adjust the voltage and / or current of the power before storage. This voltage adjustment brings the received power into the appropriate voltage range before storage, effectively improving the stability of power transmission.

[0108] This voltage and current regulation mechanism is particularly important in battery-powered applications. For example, a button cell battery has limited power supply capacity, and its output voltage and current can be unstable. To ensure that the battery can provide stable power to the entire circuit, the second and third cascade units need to regulate the power they receive to prevent circuit operation from being affected by excessively high or low voltage or current.

[0109] This mechanism is particularly important in high-power devices such as radars and sensors. These devices typically require a large and stable power supply, which may not be met by the power output of small batteries such as button cells. By conditioning and storing power through cascaded units, these devices can maintain a consistent power supply that meets their needs.

[0110] Furthermore, this embodiment improves the stability and efficiency of the cascade power supply circuit by introducing a voltage and current adjustment mechanism. This design is particularly important in scenarios where small power sources such as button batteries are used to power high-power devices. It not only optimizes the energy transfer process but also extends the service life of the energy storage components, ensuring a stable power supply to the load.

[0111] Furthermore, the second cascade unit is set with a second specified voltage interval, and the second cascade unit adjusts the received electric energy to the second specified voltage interval and then stores it, so as to facilitate the third cascade unit to transmit electric energy to the load; the third cascade unit is set with a third specified voltage interval, and the third cascade unit adjusts the electric energy of the second specified voltage interval transmitted by the second cascade unit to the third specified voltage interval and then stores it to supply power to the load;

[0112] In which, the third specified voltage interval is set to cover the output voltage of a button battery, and the second specified voltage interval is set to be higher than the output voltage of the button battery, so that when the operating voltage interval of the load covers the output voltage of the button battery, the cascade power supply circuit can provide power to the load through only one button battery.

[0113] This embodiment further refines the specific voltage adjustment operations and voltage range settings. In this embodiment, before storage, electrical energy must not only undergo voltage adjustment but also be adjusted to a specific voltage range. The second and third cascade units each have a different designated voltage range. This hierarchical adjustment of voltage ranges ensures a stable power supply to the load.

[0114] The designated voltage interval is a preset voltage range to which electrical energy must be adjusted before it can be stored. In a cascade power supply circuit, voltages that are too high or too low can affect the stability of power transmission and the efficiency of energy storage components. Therefore, setting a designated voltage interval ensures smooth power transmission and storage.

[0115] The second designated voltage range: After receiving the electrical energy, the second cascade unit adjusts it to the second designated voltage range. The second designated voltage range is set higher than the output voltage of the button battery, which means that the second cascade unit can not only store the electrical energy from the battery, but also adjust the electrical energy to a higher voltage range by boosting the voltage.

[0116] Third Specified Voltage Range: The third cascade unit further adjusts the received power to a third specified voltage range, which covers the output voltage of the button battery. This allows the load to directly receive power from the third cascade unit within the voltage range required for its operation, ensuring normal operation.

[0117] The core of the solution of this embodiment lies in the multiple adjustments of voltage. First, the second cascade unit boosts the electric energy to the second specified voltage range, so that it can better provide efficient electric energy support for the third cascade unit. Secondly, the third cascade unit adjusts the electric energy to the third specified voltage range. This process can be regarded as a step-down operation to ensure that the load can obtain a suitable voltage supply. This voltage adjustment mechanism is particularly suitable for scenarios powered by button batteries. The output voltage of button batteries is usually low, while some high-power consumption devices (such as radars) have higher voltage requirements. Therefore, the cascade power supply circuit needs to ensure that the load can obtain electric energy in a suitable voltage range by boosting and stepping down the voltage.

[0118] The advantage of this voltage range setting is that it optimizes the transfer and storage of electrical energy, ensuring a stable power supply for loads under different operating conditions. For example, radar sensing equipment has high requirements for power supply stability and voltage. Directly using a button cell battery may not meet the radar's voltage and energy requirements. However, the voltage adjustment and hierarchical storage mechanism of the second and third cascade units ensures sufficient power support for the radar during startup and operation.

[0119] Furthermore, this embodiment further optimizes the energy transfer process within the cascade power supply circuit by introducing voltage range settings. The voltage adjustment mechanism between different cascade units ensures that energy can be transferred step by step, ultimately providing a stable power supply to the load. This design can effectively improve power supply efficiency and extend the operating time of high-power devices, especially in scenarios where small power sources such as button batteries are used to power high-power devices.

[0120] Furthermore, if Figure 6 As shown, the second cascade unit has a boost unit and a second energy storage component, which is used to boost the electric energy output by the voltage and then store it in the second energy storage component.

[0121] The third cascade unit has a step-down unit and a third energy storage component, which is used to step down the received electric energy and store it in the third energy storage component; wherein the electric energy output by the button battery has the same voltage as the electric energy output by the step-down unit.

[0122] Furthermore, if Figure 7 As shown, the first cascade unit includes a first energy storage component for directly receiving and storing electrical energy from the battery. The first cascade unit includes a first energy storage component that directly receives and stores electrical energy from the button battery. This means that the first cascade unit is responsible for the initial energy collection process, as it is directly connected to the button battery. As the first energy storage link, electrical energy is mainly stored in a simple manner, absorbing and maintaining the electrical energy from the button battery as efficiently as possible to ensure that the subsequent power supply process can be carried out on this basis.

[0123] The second cascade unit includes a switching power supply unit and a second energy storage component. The switching power supply unit is electrically connected between the first switch K1 and the second energy storage component, and is suitable for boosting the electric energy transmitted by the first energy storage component and a button battery to a second specified voltage range and then storing it in the second energy storage component in the working state; wherein when the first switch K1 is turned on, the switching power supply unit is triggered to enter the working state.

[0124] The switching power supply unit is used to boost the power from the first cascade unit, i.e., to raise the voltage to the second specified voltage range. This process is very important because the output voltage of button batteries is usually low and cannot directly provide sufficient voltage support for certain high-power loads (such as radar sensing modules). Therefore, the second cascade unit uses the switching power supply unit to boost the voltage to a suitable level to ensure that subsequent power transmission and use are not restricted by low voltage.

[0125] After the voltage is boosted, the second energy storage component stores the energy and ensures that it can be stably supplied to the third cascade unit or load when needed. This process ensures that the transfer of energy is not just a one-time process, but can be optimized and managed through multiple steps.

[0126] When the first switch K1 is turned on, the switching power supply unit is triggered to enter a working state.

[0127] The third cascade unit includes a linear voltage regulator unit and a third energy storage component. The linear voltage regulator unit reduces the voltage of the electric energy received in the second specified voltage range to a third specified voltage range, stores the electric energy in the third energy storage component, and supplies the electric energy to the load. This is suitable for the case where the load includes a radar sensing module. When only one button battery is connected to the cascade power supply circuit, the linear voltage regulator unit outputs a power supply that meets the ripple requirements of the radar sensing module.

[0128] The linear voltage regulator plays a key role in the power step-down process. Its task is to adjust the power from the second specified voltage range to a lower voltage range, the third specified voltage range. This process not only involves voltage adjustment but also ensures the stability of power transmission, especially when the load (such as a radar sensor module) is sensitive to voltage fluctuations.

[0129] After the power is stepped down, the third energy storage component stores it and ultimately provides power to the load. The third energy storage component acts like a terminal power supply point, ensuring smooth power delivery to the load at every stage of the circuit.

[0130] In addition, it is worth mentioning that in this embodiment, the second cascade unit has a unidirectional control capability, allowing only the power of the button battery and the first cascade unit to be transferred to it, and not the reverse direction; and the third cascade unit has a unidirectional control capability, allowing only the power of the second cascade unit to be transferred to it, and not the reverse direction. Before the first power transmission path is connected, the power of the button battery is transferred to the first cascade unit. After the first power transmission path is connected, the power of the button battery and the first cascade unit is transferred to the second cascade unit. After the second power transmission path is connected, the power of the button battery, the first cascade unit, and the second cascade unit is transferred to the third cascade unit. Finally, the power of the button battery, the first cascade unit, the second cascade unit, and the third cascade unit is transferred to the load, so that the power of a single button battery reaches the radar sensing module through the step-by-step joint power supply operation of the first cascade unit, the second cascade unit, and the third cascade unit, thereby powering on the radar sensing module.

[0131] In this embodiment, special mention is made of application scenarios in which the load may include a radar sensing module. The radar sensing module has high requirements for the power supply, especially the sensitivity to voltage fluctuations (i.e., ripple). If the ripple of the power supply is too large, it may cause the radar sensor to have a decreased sensitivity or unstable operation. Therefore, the circuit design in this embodiment not only takes into account the adjustment of voltage rise and fall, but also ensures that the power supply to the radar sensing module meets its ripple requirements through a linear voltage regulator unit (such as a low voltage difference linear voltage regulator unit).

[0132] Furthermore, the core advantage of the solution presented in this embodiment is that, even when using only a single button cell battery, the cascade power supply circuit can provide stable and suitable power for demanding loads (such as radar sensing modules) through multi-stage energy storage and voltage regulation. This greatly expands the application range of button cell power supply, especially in devices with high power consumption and low ripple requirements.

[0133] Furthermore, if Figure 8 As shown, the second energy storage assembly includes two capacitive energy storage components separated by a second switch K2, wherein the first capacitive energy storage component and the second capacitive energy storage component sequentially obtain electrical energy before and after the second switch K2 is turned on.

[0134] Specifically, this embodiment further provides a specific structure of the second energy storage component and its operation mode, especially by separating the energy storage component into two parts through the second switch K2, and the order of obtaining electric energy is controlled.

[0135] The second energy storage assembly consists of two capacitive energy storage components, with a dual energy storage structure. The first capacitive energy storage component is arranged on the side of the second switch K2 close to the button battery, and the second capacitive energy storage component is arranged on the side of the second switch K2 close to the third cascade unit.

[0136] Before the second switch K2 is turned on, the first portion of the capacitor energy storage components first acquires electrical energy. This ensures that the power supply circuit has sufficient energy storage capacity to meet the initial energy demand of the load in the early stages of power transfer. When the second switch K2 is turned on, the second portion of the capacitor energy storage components begins to acquire electrical energy, achieving sequential and phased energy acquisition. This helps prevent fluctuations in the energy transfer process, especially in the case of high-power loads. This phased energy acquisition and storage method improves the overall stability of the circuit.

[0137] It can be seen that the first part of the capacitive energy storage component and the second part of the capacitive energy storage component in the second energy storage assembly are separated by the second switch K2, wherein before the second switch K2 is turned on, the electric energy from the first energy storage assembly and the button battery only powers the first part of the capacitive energy storage component, and after the second switch K2 is turned on, the button battery, the first energy storage assembly and the first part of the capacitive energy storage component of the second energy storage assembly jointly power the second part of the capacitive energy storage component in the second energy storage assembly.

[0138] Furthermore, this embodiment provides the cascade power supply circuit with greater flexibility through the design of the second switch K2. By controlling the on / off state of the second switch K2, the operating order of the two energy storage components can be precisely controlled. This mechanism not only optimizes the energy storage process but also prioritizes powering a certain portion of the energy storage components when needed to meet different load requirements. This phased energy storage design helps the circuit maintain a stable power supply under different power consumption requirements, especially when using a limited power source such as a button battery, thereby optimizing energy utilization.

[0139] Furthermore, the capacity A1 of the first energy storage component, the capacity A2 of the second energy storage component, and the capacity A3 of the third energy storage component are collectively configured as: A1>A2>A3. That is, from the first cascade unit to the third cascade unit, the capacity decreases successively, and the stored electrical energy decreases step by step. In other words, the first energy storage component is configured to have a large capacitance, the second energy storage component is configured to have a medium capacitance, and the third energy storage component is configured to have a small capacitance. Then, the large capacitance is charged first, and then the medium capacitance and the small capacitance are charged in turn. This capacity relationship helps to ensure that in the initial stage of the power supply circuit (i.e., the first cascade unit), sufficient electrical energy is stored to support the subsequent electrical energy transmission and adjustment process.

[0140] Furthermore, this capacity-decreasing design not only ensures efficient and smooth power transmission in the entire cascade power supply circuit, but also avoids unnecessary energy waste and maximizes the utilization of energy storage components.

[0141] This capacity configuration strategy offers significant advantages in coin-cell battery-powered applications. For example, in energy-intensive applications like radar, where devices may require rapid response times and consume significant amounts of power, properly configured energy storage components ensure rapid energy delivery and provide sufficient power to the load within a short period of time, thereby improving system response speed and stability.

[0142] Furthermore, the specific capacity range of each cascade unit is limited. Specifically, in this embodiment, A1 ≥ 300uF, A2 ≥ 200uF, A3 ≥ 100uF, and A1-A2 ≥ 100uF and / or A2-A3 ≥ 100uF are set, so that during the operation of the radar module, the input voltage drop of the low-dropout linear regulator unit is limited to within 0.2V, and the input voltage drop of the load is limited to within 0.1V.

[0143] This embodiment specifies that the difference between A1 and A2 is ≥ 100uF and / or A2 and A3 is ≥ 100uF. The second energy storage component acts as a relay, and the capacity difference between it and any adjacent energy storage component is at least 100uF. This design helps balance the rhythm of power transmission and ensures smooth power transfer between each cascade unit.

[0144] The capacity differential ensures a gradual reduction in the energy storage components, effectively avoiding uneven or excessive energy storage. In practical applications, this capacity differential provides appropriate energy storage capacity for different cascaded units, ensuring smoother power transmission across the entire power supply chain. Particularly in scenarios with large fluctuations in load power consumption, appropriate capacity differentials can reduce potential bottlenecks or delays in power transmission, ensuring timely power supply to the load.

[0145] Furthermore, at least one cascade unit has an energy storage space of at least 200 uF; and / or each cascade unit has an energy storage space of at least 100 uF.

[0146] In specific examples, such as Figure 9As shown, the boost unit includes a DC-DC, and specifically, for example, a boost DC-DC of model JW5701 can be used. The first energy storage component is composed of C1 to C5, wherein each capacitor of C1 to C5 has a capacity of 100uF, so that the first energy storage component has a total energy storage space of 500uF, which is used to receive the electric energy directly output by the button battery through the output ports H1 and H2, and after K1 is turned on, it is transferred to the input end of the boost DC-DC, and the boost DC-DC boosts the input 3V voltage to 3.3V and then outputs it. The second energy storage component is composed of C6 to C9, wherein C6 and C7 are both 100uF capacitors, forming the first part of the capacitor energy storage component, and C8 and C9 are both 47uF capacitors, forming the second part of the capacitor storage Energy components, so that the second energy storage component has an energy storage space of 294uF, and the 3.3V electric energy output by the boost DC-DC is stored in each capacitor of the second energy storage component, wherein before K2 is turned on, C6 and C7 are charged, and C8 and C9 are not charged. When K2 is turned on, C6 and C7 are charged and discharged to the rear end at the same time, and C8 and C9 are charged; the step-down unit includes an LDO, and specifically, a low-voltage difference linear voltage regulator chip of the model DS8561-30S5 can be used, for example, for stepping down the connected 3.3V voltage to 3V output. The third energy storage component is composed of C10, which is a 100uF capacitor for storing the 3V electric energy output by the LDO and directly providing a 3V power supply (VCC) to the radar sensing module (load).

[0147] In a further example, the LDO has an enable pin, which forms the second switch K2. When the enable pin is enabled, the LDO is turned on and the second power transmission path is connected; otherwise, the LDO is turned off and the second power transmission path is disconnected.

[0148] In some embodiments, as Figure 10 As shown, the first switch and the second switch are respectively controlled by a controller, which electrically connects the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 and controls the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 to be turned on in sequence according to a predetermined timing. Each cascade unit is only charged in the interval before the next cascade unit is turned on, and will discharge outward only after the next cascade unit is turned on, and the interval is limited to [200ms, 5000ms].

[0149] Specifically, the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are not turned on simultaneously, but are turned on sequentially according to a timing sequence set by the controller. This timing sequence ensures that each cascade unit discharges only when needed, rather than all units starting to work at the same time.

[0150] Each cascaded unit is only charged during the interval before the next cascaded unit is connected, and only discharges after the next cascaded unit is connected. This means that energy transfer and storage is a step-by-step process. When the next cascaded unit to a cascaded unit is not connected, the cascaded unit is only charging and does not output energy. Only when the next cascaded unit is connected does the previous cascaded unit begin to discharge.

[0151] In addition, this embodiment specifies the time interval between each cascade unit being connected, which is limited to between 200ms and 5000ms. The time interval between each cascade unit can be different, and the time interval between cascade units closer to the load is smaller. For example, if the time interval between the first and second cascade units is t1, and the time interval between the second and third cascade units is t2, then t1>t2.

[0152] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the connection sequence between the cascade units is precisely controlled to ensure that no excessive power transfer delay occurs and no current surge occurs due to too short an interval.

[0153] Furthermore, the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are jointly configured as follows: after the controller is powered on, the first switch K1 is turned on after a first delay of t1 seconds, and the second switch K2 is turned on after a further delay of t2 seconds, where t1∈[1,5], t2∈[0.5,2], and t1>t2.

[0154] As can be seen, after power-on, the controller waits for a period of time (t1 seconds, t1 is between [1 and 5] seconds) before turning on the first switch K1. The introduction of t1 ensures that the circuit has sufficient time to complete initialization and energy storage after power-on, and avoids current surges caused by instantaneous connection.

[0155] After turning on the first switch K1, the controller waits for a period of time (t2 seconds, with t2 ranging from 0.5 to 2 seconds) before turning on the second switch K2. The introduction of t2 ensures that the second cascade unit has sufficient time to charge and provide stable power to the next cascade unit. In timing control, t1 > t2 ensures that the first cascade unit is fully charged before transferring the power to the subsequent units.

[0156] Furthermore, the first switch K1 is configured to be automatically disconnected after the first cascade unit is turned on, and the second switch K2 is configured to be automatically disconnected after the second cascade unit is turned on.

[0157] Furthermore, the first switch K1 , the second switch K2 and the controller are collectively constructed to have a circuit relationship in which the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are automatically closed after the controller is powered on.

[0158] For example, during the initialization process after the controller is powered on, the IO port controlling the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 is set to floating to keep the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 in the closed state. After the controller initialization is completed, it enters the sleep state and enters a 2-second timing. The sleep state has a power consumption of 1uA to 10uA (3uA). After 2 seconds, it wakes up and turns on the first switch K1, and then enters sleep again. During the sleep period, the first switch K1 is kept on, and wakes up again after 1 second and turns on the second switch K2, and then enters sleep again.

[0159] In specific examples, such as Figure 11 As shown, the controller includes a single-chip microcontroller (such as the Tailing 8250 chip), which controls K1 and K2 respectively through two I / O ports (I / O1 and I / O2). The first switch K1 is composed of a MOS transistor Q1, resistors R1 and R2. The S terminal of Q1 and one end of R1 are both electrically connected to the output of the first cascade unit, i.e., the output of C1-C5. The G terminal of Q1 and the other end of R1 are grounded through R2. The D terminal of Q1 is connected to the input of the step-up DC-DC converter.

[0160] Similarly, the second switch K2 is composed of a MOS transistor Q2, a resistor R3 and a resistor R4, wherein the S pole of Q2 and one end of R3 are electrically connected to the output end of the first part of the capacitor energy storage component, that is, the output end of C6 to C7, the G pole of Q2 and the other end of R3 are grounded through R4, and the D pole of Q2 is connected to the second part of the capacitor energy storage component (C8 and C9) and the input end of the LDO.

[0161] Q1 and Q2 are both PMOS transistors. When the button battery is installed, the microcontroller is powered on, and Q1 automatically shuts down. After the microcontroller counts for 2 seconds, it outputs a low level through I / O1 to trigger Q1 to turn on. During these 2 seconds, C1 to C5 in the first energy storage component are fully charged. After Q1 is turned on, Q2 automatically turns off. After the microcontroller counts for 1 second, it outputs a low level through I / O2 to trigger Q2 to turn on. During this 1 second, the battery and C1 to C5 jointly provide power to the boost DC-DC. The boost DC-DC adjusts the 3V voltage level of the power delivered by the previous cascade unit to approximately 3.3V and then outputs it to the first part of the capacitive energy storage components (i.e., C6 and C7), charging C6 and C7. After Q2 is turned on, the boost DC-DC, C6, and C7 jointly charge C8 and C9, and provide power to the LDO. The LDO stabilizes the input 3.3V voltage level of the power supply to 3V and outputs it to the back-end C10 and the load.

[0162] In another specific example, Figure 12 As shown, the first switch K1 can be built into the boost DC-DC. Specifically, the boost DC-DC can use a power chip with an enable pin EN. This enable pin EN is controlled by the I / O1 port of the microcontroller. The microcontroller enables or disables the boost DC-DC by outputting a level through this port, thereby connecting or disconnecting the first power transmission path. It is particularly noted that the disconnection of the first switch K1 here does not mean a physical disconnection, but rather refers to the enable pin (EN) of the boost DC-DC being at a low level, thereby causing the boost DC-DC to be in a state of stagnant power output. Correspondingly, the connection of the first switch K1 means that the enable pin (EN) of the boost DC-DC is at a high level, and the boost DC-DC is in a state of power output.

[0163] Furthermore, in the field of radar-based human detection, radar sensing modules typically emit high-frequency electromagnetic waves to detect the movement or presence of target objects. The instantaneous power consumption of these radar transmission waves is relatively high, especially when high-precision detection or long-distance detection is required. Because radar sensors require a large amount of instantaneous power when emitting electromagnetic waves, the instantaneous current demand increases, often placing a heavy load on a single coin cell battery. For devices powered by small power sources such as a single coin cell, this instantaneous high power consumption can rapidly lower the battery voltage, leading to unstable power supply, which can ultimately cause the controller to malfunction or even reboot.

[0164] Specifically, at the moment the radar transmits a wave, the button battery voltage drops significantly. When the button battery voltage drops below the controller's rated operating voltage, the controller may be unable to maintain normal operation, manifesting as decreased data processing capabilities, command execution errors, or complete shutdown, or even causing a crash and reboot. This is unacceptable in practical applications, especially in radar human detection systems, where the controller performs core signal processing and decision-making tasks. If the controller malfunctions or reboots, it will not only affect radar detection accuracy but also pose a safety hazard.

[0165] To address this issue, one embodiment of the present invention proposes a solution by introducing an independent power supply unit into the cascade power supply circuit. This independent power supply unit can provide independent backup power to ensure the normal operation of the controller when the button battery voltage drops (for example, when the radar transmits a wave or the battery voltage drops).

[0166] Specifically, if Figure 13As shown, in this embodiment, the cascade power supply circuit also includes an independent power supply unit, which is arranged between a battery and a controller to form an independent power supply circuit from the battery to the controller and can store a specified capacity of backup power. When the battery voltage is pulled down below the rated operating voltage of the controller, the backup power is used to power the controller and prevent the backup power from being transferred to the battery. The specified capacity is specifically set so that when the battery voltage is pulled down below the rated operating voltage of the controller, the backup power can be used to delay the normal power supply of the controller for at least 4 seconds. Furthermore, when the cascade power supply circuit uses a single button battery as an energy source and is applied to high-power loads such as radar sensing modules, it can maintain the normal operating voltage of the controller when the radar sensing module performs high-power consumption operations.

[0167] As can be seen, in this embodiment, the independent power supply unit is located between the button battery and the controller, responsible for supplying power to the controller through an independent power supply circuit. The presence of this unit greatly improves the stability of the cascade power supply circuit, especially when the battery voltage is lower than the rated operating voltage of the controller, it can continue to power the controller using stored backup energy.

[0168] The independent power supply unit forms an independent power supply path from the button battery to the controller, which is separated from other power transmission paths. This independent path serves the controller exclusively, ensuring that the controller always receives a stable power supply without being affected by other circuits or loads.

[0169] The unit can store a specified amount of backup power. When the button battery voltage drops to the point where the controller cannot operate normally, this backup power can support the operation of the controller for a short period of time.

[0170] The design places special emphasis on the protection mechanism of backup power. When backup power is supplied to the controller, the independent power supply unit will prevent the backup power from flowing back, ensuring that the backup power is only used to maintain the controller's operation, extending the controller's operating time.

[0171] The specified capacity of the backup power is specifically set to maintain normal operation of the controller for at least four seconds when the button battery voltage drops below the controller's operating voltage. This delay provides the controller with sufficient buffer time to perform necessary operations, such as saving data or safely shutting down the system, to prevent data loss or system failure caused by sudden power outages. A power supply time of at least four seconds demonstrates the adequacy of the backup power capacity. For a radar sensing system that detects human bodies, four seconds is sufficient for the radar sensing module to complete a series of critical tasks, such as emitting and receiving radar waves. Afterward, the radar sensing module's power demand will decrease, the button battery voltage will return to normal, and it will resume powering the controller.

[0172] Furthermore, an embodiment of the present invention also stores backup power through an independent energy storage component (such as a capacitor), and cooperates with the diode D1 to prevent power backflow.

[0173] Specifically, if Figure 14 As shown, in this embodiment, the independent power supply unit includes a diode D1 and a fourth energy storage component, wherein the anode of the diode D1 is electrically connected to the output end of the battery, and the cathode is electrically connected to the fourth energy storage component, and the fourth energy storage component is electrically connected to the power supply end of the controller; the capacity of the fourth energy storage component is set at 94uF or above, so that the specified capacity of backup power stored in the fourth energy storage component can independently support the operation of the controller for more than 10 seconds.

[0174] As can be seen, diode D1 is placed between the button battery output terminal H1 and the fourth energy storage component, ensuring that electrical energy can only flow in one direction: from the button battery to the fourth energy storage component, and not in the opposite direction. The fourth energy storage component is a key component of the independent power supply unit. It is responsible for storing the energy drawn from the button battery and providing backup power to the controller when needed. Its capacity is specifically set to at least 94μF to ensure that it can store sufficient energy to support continuous operation of the controller.

[0175] In this embodiment, after the controller is powered on, the first switch K1 is turned on after a delay of t1 seconds. During this time, the fourth energy storage component is rapidly charged, allowing it to provide backup power to the controller in the event that the button battery voltage drops when the first and second switches K1 and K2 are subsequently turned on. The fourth energy storage component's capacity of 94μF or more (e.g., 147uF) is sufficient to provide the controller with at least 10 seconds of independent operation.

[0176] In specific examples, such as Figure 15 As shown, the fourth energy storage component is composed of C11 and C12, where C11 is a 47uF capacitor and C12 is a 100uF capacitor. The anode of D1 is directly connected to the output H1 of the button battery, and the cathode is connected to the input of C11 and C12, and is electrically connected to the power supply port VDD of the microcontroller. After the battery is installed and before K1 is turned on, C11 and C12 are quickly charged. When K1 is turned on, the voltage of the button battery will be instantly lowered because the battery participates in the power supply to the boost DC-DC. At this time, C11 and C12 power the controller (microcontroller) to keep the controller (microcontroller) able to maintain normal operation during this period, and then be able to execute the predetermined turn-on logic of K1 and K2.

[0177] On this basis, if the detection frame rate of the radar sensing module is set to 1Hz (i.e., one detection per second), the power consumption of the radar sensing module is 15uA~25uA. When powered by a single CR2450 button battery, it can last for about 3 years.

[0178] like Figure 16 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a moving target detection device based on the above-mentioned cascade power supply circuit. The moving target detection device includes a radar sensing module and a button battery. The button battery powers the radar sensing module through the cascade power supply circuit provided by the above embodiment. The radar sensing module is used to detect whether there is a moving target in the environment.

[0179] It also includes a controller, which is directly powered by a button battery and controls the on / off of each switch K in the cascade power supply circuit. The controller and the radar sensing module can communicate with each other, and then the controller can configure the radar sensing module (trigger threshold, sensed space, shielded space, etc.) based on external control. The radar sensing module can feed back the detection results to the controller, and the controller will send the received detection results outward to trigger the linkage scene and for the user to view.

[0180] Specifically, the battery in the above embodiment is implemented as a single button battery, and the load is implemented as a radar sensing module, thus forming the moving target detection device provided by the embodiment of the present invention. The moving target detection device provided by the present invention includes a housing, a button battery, a controller, a cascade power supply circuit, and a radar sensing module;

[0181] The button battery, controller, cascade power supply circuit and radar sensing module are all arranged in the housing. The radar sensing module emits radar waves through the housing to detect whether there are moving targets (people, pets, etc.) in the environment.

[0182] The number of the button battery is one, which is used to power the controller;

[0183] The cascade power supply circuit is arranged between the button battery and the radar sensing module, and a single button battery supplies power to the radar sensing module through the cascade power supply circuit;

[0184] Among them, such as Figure 1 As shown, the cascade power supply circuit includes:

[0185] One or more different cascade units, configured to be sequentially arranged between the button battery and the radar sensing module to form a cascade circuit structure between the button battery and the radar sensing module;

[0186] Each cascade unit is configured to be connected one by one along the power transmission path between the button battery and the radar sensing module. Each cascade unit relies on the power supply of the cascade unit in the previous level and stores the power after being connected, so that when the next cascade unit is connected, it can obtain power from the battery, the current level unit and / or the previous level unit to provide power to the next cascade unit.

[0187] When the current passes through multiple cascade units in sequence, each cascade unit stores and transfers electric energy step by step.

[0188] Furthermore, the solution provided by this embodiment uses a step-by-step power supply circuit to avoid the generation of instantaneous high currents, thereby reducing the wear and tear on the button cell battery. Furthermore, by controlling the operating sequence and energy storage process of each cascaded unit, the distribution and use of electrical energy can be further optimized. This combined power supply method is particularly suitable for radar sensing modules with high startup voltage and current requirements, enabling them to start normally even with a single button cell battery.

[0189] In some embodiments, the turn-on time interval between any two adjacent cascade units is in the millisecond level.

[0190] Furthermore, the interval is set to at least 100 ms.

[0191] In this design, each cascaded unit is not connected simultaneously, but rather sequentially, with a time delay between each connection. This design effectively avoids the impact of instantaneous high currents, reduces the burden on the button battery, and further extends its lifespan. For example, the second cascaded unit will not be connected until the first cascaded unit is connected and has stored sufficient energy. This step-by-step connection method ensures that the power supply source for subsequent cascaded units is sufficient and reduces the impact of instantaneous high currents.

[0192] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 As shown, the cascade unit includes at least a starting cascade unit arranged near the button battery and a final cascade unit arranged near the radar sensing module, wherein the starting cascade unit directly receives the electric energy output by the button battery and transmits it to the subsequent stage, and the final cascade unit directly powers the radar sensing module; wherein the energy storage space of the starting cascade unit is larger than the energy storage space of the final cascade unit, and the final cascade unit powers the radar sensing module by reducing the voltage.

[0193] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the initial and final cascade units, through a rational division of labor, jointly complete the power transfer from the button battery to the radar sensor module. The initial cascade unit is responsible for storing a large amount of power, ensuring that the button battery's energy is effectively received and transferred to subsequent units; while the final cascade unit is responsible for carefully adjusting and processing the power to ensure a stable and adaptive power supply to the load.

[0194] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 As shown, the cascade unit includes:

[0195] The first cascade unit is connected to the output of the button battery to receive and store electrical energy;

[0196] a second cascade unit connected between the first cascade unit and the third cascade unit to form a first power transmission path between the first cascade unit and the second cascade unit;

[0197] a third cascade unit, connected between the second cascade unit and the radar sensing module, forming a second power transmission path between the second cascade unit and the third cascade unit;

[0198] By sequentially connecting the first power transmission path and the second power transmission path, the first cascade unit, the second cascade unit and the third cascade unit are connected step by step.

[0199] Furthermore, in this embodiment, each cascade unit is connected in sequence by a step-by-step connection method. This step-by-step connection process ensures more stable and effective current transmission, while reducing the impact of sudden current surges and improving the overall efficiency and stability of the cascade power supply circuit.

[0200] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 As shown, the cascade power supply circuit further includes:

[0201] A first switch, used to control the on / off of the first power transmission path;

[0202] a second switch, configured to control the on / off of the second power transmission path;

[0203] The first switch and the second switch are configured to be turned on in sequence according to a predetermined timing and / or condition, so as to realize sequential connection of the first power transmission path and the second power transmission path.

[0204] Furthermore, through this step-by-step switch control mechanism, this embodiment can more accurately manage the transfer of electrical energy, avoid the problem of button battery overload caused by excessive instantaneous current, and make the entire power supply process more efficient and stable.

[0205] In some embodiments, the second cascade unit and the third cascade unit adjust the voltage and / or current of the received electric energy before storing it.

[0206] In some embodiments, the second cascade unit is set with a second specified voltage interval, and the second cascade unit adjusts the received electric energy to the second specified voltage interval and then stores it, so as to facilitate the third cascade unit to transmit electric energy to the radar sensing module; the third cascade unit is set with a third specified voltage interval, and the third cascade unit adjusts the electric energy of the second specified voltage interval transmitted by the second cascade unit to the third specified voltage interval and then stores it to power the radar sensing module;

[0207] In which, the third specified voltage interval is set to cover the output voltage of the button battery, and the second specified voltage interval is set to be higher than the output voltage of the button battery, so that when the operating voltage interval of the load covers the output voltage of the button battery, the cascade power supply circuit can provide power to the load through only one button battery.

[0208] The core of the solution of this embodiment lies in the multiple adjustments of voltage. First, the second cascade unit boosts the electric energy to the second specified voltage range, so that it can better provide efficient electric energy support for the third cascade unit. Secondly, the third cascade unit adjusts the electric energy to the third specified voltage range. This process can be regarded as a step-down operation to ensure that the radar sensing module can obtain a suitable voltage supply. This voltage adjustment mechanism is particularly suitable for scenarios powered by button batteries. The output voltage of button batteries is usually low, and the radar sensing module has high current / voltage requirements during the scanning process. Therefore, the cascade power supply circuit needs to ensure that the radar sensing module can obtain electric energy in a suitable voltage range by boosting and stepping down the voltage.

[0209] In some embodiments, as Figure 7 As shown, the first cascade unit includes a first energy storage component for directly receiving and storing electrical energy from a button battery;

[0210] The second cascade unit includes a switching power supply unit and a second energy storage component, the switching power supply unit being electrically connected between the first switch and the second energy storage component, and being adapted to boost the electric energy transferred by the first energy storage component and a button battery to a second specified voltage range and then store it in the second energy storage component in a working state; wherein when the first switch is turned on, the switching power supply unit is triggered to enter a working state;

[0211] The third cascade unit includes a linear voltage regulator unit and a third energy storage component. The linear voltage regulator unit reduces the voltage of the electric energy in the second specified voltage range to a third specified voltage range, stores it in the third energy storage component, and supplies it to the load, so that when only one button battery is connected, the linear voltage regulator unit can output a power supply that meets the ripple requirements of the radar sensing module.

[0212] Furthermore, the core advantage of the solution presented in this embodiment is that, even when using only a single button cell battery, the cascade power supply circuit can provide a stable and suitable power supply for demanding radar sensing modules through multi-stage energy storage and voltage regulation. This greatly expands the application range of button cell power supply, especially in devices with high power consumption and low ripple requirements.

[0213] In some embodiments, as Figure 8As shown, the second energy storage assembly includes two capacitive energy storage components separated by a second switch, wherein the first capacitive energy storage component and the second capacitive energy storage component sequentially obtain electrical energy before and after the second switch is turned on.

[0214] In some embodiments, the capacity A1 of the first energy storage assembly, the capacity A2 of the second energy storage assembly, and the capacity A3 of the third energy storage assembly are collectively configured as: A1>A2>A3.

[0215] In some embodiments, A1 ≥ 300 uF, A2 ≥ 200 uF, A3 ≥ 100 uF, and A1 - A2 ≥ 100 uF and / or A2 - A3 ≥ 100 uF.

[0216] In some embodiments, as Figure 10 As shown, the first switch and the second switch are respectively controlled by a controller, which electrically connects the first switch and the second switch and controls the first switch and the second switch to be turned on in sequence according to a predetermined timing; wherein each cascade unit is only charged in the interval before the next cascade unit is turned on, and only discharges outward after the next cascade unit is turned on, and the interval is limited to [200ms, 5000ms].

[0217] In some embodiments, the first switch and the second switch are jointly configured to: after the controller is powered on, the first switch is turned on after a first delay of t1 seconds, and the second switch is turned on after a further delay of t2 seconds, where t1∈[1,5], t2∈[0.5,2], and t1>t2.

[0218] In some embodiments, as Figure 13 As shown, the cascade power supply circuit also includes an independent power supply unit, which is arranged between a battery and the controller, and is used to form an independent power supply circuit from the battery to the controller, and can store a specified capacity of backup power, and then when the button battery voltage is pulled down below the rated operating voltage of the controller, the controller is powered by the backup power and the backup power is prevented from being transmitted to the button battery; the specified capacity is specifically set so that when the button battery voltage is pulled down below the rated operating voltage of the controller, the normal power supply of the controller can be delayed for at least 4 seconds by the backup power.

[0219] In some embodiments, as Figure 14 As shown, the independent power supply unit includes a diode and a fourth energy storage component, wherein the anode of the diode is electrically connected to the output end of the button battery, and the cathode is electrically connected to the fourth energy storage component, and the fourth energy storage component is electrically connected to the power supply end of the controller; the capacity of the fourth energy storage component is set to be above 200uF, so that the specified capacity of backup power stored in the fourth energy storage component can independently support the controller to operate for more than 10 seconds.

[0220] In this specification, reference to terms such as "some embodiments," "a specific implementation," "a specific implementation process," or "an example" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with such embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms, corresponding to the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described, may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0221] It should also be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments, that is, the technical solutions disclosed in the subsequent embodiments (in the order recorded in the text) should include the technical solutions recorded in the embodiment and the technical solutions recorded in all embodiments before the embodiment.

[0222] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cascade power supply circuit, characterized in that: include: One or more different cascade units are used to be sequentially arranged between a battery and a load to form a cascade circuit structure between the battery and the load; Each cascade unit is configured to be connected one by one in sequence along the power transmission path between the battery and the load. Each cascade unit relies on the power supply of the cascade unit of the previous level and stores the power after being connected, so that when the next cascade unit is subsequently connected, power can be obtained from the battery, the current level unit and / or the previous level unit to provide power for the next cascade unit.

2. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The cascade unit includes at least a starting cascade unit arranged near the battery and a final cascade unit arranged near the load, wherein the starting cascade unit directly receives the electric energy output by the battery and transmits it to the subsequent stage, and the final cascade unit directly supplies power to the load; wherein the energy storage space of the starting cascade unit is larger than the energy storage space of the final cascade unit, and the final cascade unit supplies power to the load by reducing the voltage.

3. The power supply circuit according to claim 2, wherein: The cascade unit includes: A first cascade unit is connected to a battery to receive and store electrical energy; a second cascade unit connected between the first cascade unit and the third cascade unit to form a first power transmission path between the first cascade unit and the second cascade unit; a third cascade unit connected between the second cascade unit and the load to form a second power transmission path between the second cascade unit and the third cascade unit; By sequentially connecting the first power transmission path and the second power transmission path, the first cascade unit, the second cascade unit and the third cascade unit are connected step by step.

4. The power supply circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: A first switch, used to control the on / off of the first power transmission path; a second switch, configured to control the on / off of the second power transmission path; The first switch and the second switch are configured to be turned on in sequence according to a predetermined timing and / or condition, so as to realize sequential connection of the first power transmission path and the second power transmission path.

5. The power supply circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second cascade unit and the third cascade unit adjust the voltage and / or current of the received electric energy and then store it.

6. The power supply circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second cascade unit is set with a second designated voltage interval, and the second cascade unit adjusts the received electric energy to the second designated voltage interval and then stores it, so as to facilitate the third cascade unit to transmit the electric energy to the load; the third cascade unit is set with a third designated voltage interval, and the third cascade unit adjusts the electric energy of the second designated voltage interval transmitted by the second cascade unit to the third designated voltage interval and then stores it to supply power to the load; In which, the third specified voltage interval is set to cover the output voltage of a button battery, and the second specified voltage interval is set to be higher than the output voltage of the button battery, so that when the operating voltage interval of the load covers the output voltage of the button battery, the cascade power supply circuit can provide power to the load through only one button battery.

7. The power supply circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first cascade unit includes a first energy storage component for directly receiving and storing electrical energy from the battery; The second cascade unit includes a switching power supply unit and a second energy storage component, the switching power supply unit being electrically connected between the first switch and the second energy storage component, and being adapted to boost the electric energy transferred by the first energy storage component and a button battery to a second specified voltage range and then store it in the second energy storage component in a working state; wherein when the first switch is turned on, the switching power supply unit is triggered to enter a working state; The third cascade unit includes a linear voltage regulator unit and a third energy storage component. The linear voltage regulator unit reduces the voltage of the electric energy received in the second specified voltage range to a third specified voltage range, stores the electric energy in the third energy storage component, and supplies the electric energy to the load. This is suitable for the case where the load includes a radar sensing module. When only one button battery is connected to the power supply circuit, the linear voltage regulator unit outputs a power supply that meets the ripple requirements of the radar sensing module.

8. The power supply circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second energy storage assembly includes two capacitive energy storage components separated by a second switch, wherein the first capacitive energy storage component and the second capacitive energy storage component sequentially obtain electrical energy before and after the second switch is turned on.

9. The power supply circuit according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that: The capacity A1 of the first energy storage assembly, the capacity A2 of the second energy storage assembly, and the capacity A3 of the third energy storage assembly are collectively configured as follows: A1>A2>A3; and / or, A1 ≥ 300uF, A2 ≥ 200uF, A3 ≥ 100uF, and A1-A2 ≥ 100uF and / or A2-A3 ≥ 100uF.

10. The power supply circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first switch and the second switch are respectively controlled by a controller, which electrically connects the first switch and the second switch and controls the first switch and the second switch to be turned on in sequence according to a predetermined timing. Each cascade unit is only charged in the interval before the next cascade unit is turned on, and only discharges after the next cascade unit is turned on. The interval is limited to [100ms, 5000ms], that is, there is a gap of at least 100ms between the turn-on times of any two adjacent cascade units.

11. The power supply circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that: It also includes an independent power supply unit, which is arranged between a battery and the controller, and is used to form an independent power supply circuit from the battery to the controller, and is capable of storing a specified capacity of backup power. When the battery voltage is pulled down below the rated operating voltage of the controller, the controller is powered by the backup power and the backup power is prevented from being transmitted to the battery. The specified capacity is specifically set so that when the battery voltage is pulled down below the rated operating voltage of the controller, the normal power supply of the controller can be delayed for at least 4 seconds by the backup power.

12. The power supply circuit according to claim 11, characterized in that: The independent power supply unit includes a diode and a fourth energy storage component, wherein the anode of the diode is electrically connected to the output end of the battery, and the cathode is electrically connected to the fourth energy storage component, and the fourth energy storage component is electrically connected to the power supply end of the controller; the capacity of the fourth energy storage component is set to above 200uF, so that the specified capacity of backup power stored in the fourth energy storage component can independently support the operation of the controller for more than 10 seconds.

13. A moving target detection device, comprising a radar sensing module and a button battery, wherein the button battery supplies power to the radar sensing module via a cascade power supply circuit as provided in any one of claims 1 to 12 above, and the radar sensing module is used to detect whether there is a moving target in an environment.

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