High-voltage distribution box, battery pack and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a high-voltage distribution box, a battery pack and a vehicle. The high-voltage distribution box comprises a distribution box body and a fusing circuit, the fusing circuit is arranged in the distribution box body and comprises an active fuse, a first passive fuse, a first port and a second port, the first port is used for being electrically connected with a positive electrode of external equipment, and the second port is used for being electrically connected with a negative electrode of the external equipment. The active fuse and the first passive fuse are electrically connected between the first port and the second port. According to the high-voltage distribution box, the protection performance of the high-voltage distribution box is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of circuit safety technology, and in particular to a high-voltage distribution box, a battery pack and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] High-voltage distribution boxes are widely used in transportation devices such as electric vehicles, electric ships, electric rail transit, and airplanes.

[0003] Most high-voltage distribution boxes in related technologies have technical problems such as lack of collision protection, inability to quickly disconnect the circuit to protect other electrical components, or inability to effectively disconnect the circuit when the drive control is abnormal and cannot respond, resulting in insufficient protection performance of the high-voltage distribution box. Utility Model Content

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a high-voltage distribution box, a battery pack, and a vehicle, which can improve the technical problem of poor protection performance of the high-voltage distribution box.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a high-voltage distribution box, comprising:

[0006] Distribution box body;

[0007] A fuse circuit is provided in the distribution box body, and the fuse circuit includes an active fuse, a first passive fuse, a first port and a second port. The first port is used to electrically connect to the positive pole of an external device, and the second port is used to electrically connect to the negative pole of an external device. The active fuse and the first passive fuse are electrically connected between the first port and the second port.

[0008] In one embodiment, the fuse circuit includes a main positive relay and a main negative relay, a partition plate is provided in the distribution box body, the main positive relay and the main negative relay are respectively arranged on both sides of the partition plate, the active fuse and the main positive relay are arranged side by side along the width direction of the distribution box body, and the main negative relay and the first passive fuse are arranged side by side along the width direction of the distribution box body.

[0009] In one embodiment, the high-voltage distribution box includes a heat conductive member, and the main positive relay, the active fuse, the main negative relay, and the first passive fuse are all in contact with the heat conductive member.

[0010] In one embodiment, the high-voltage distribution box includes a PCB board, which is arranged in the distribution box body. The fuse circuit includes a high-voltage acquisition module, which is integrated in the PCB board. The high-voltage acquisition module is electrically connected between the first port and the second port, and the high-voltage acquisition module is used to collect voltage information of the external device.

[0011] In one embodiment, the distribution box body includes a box body and an upper cover, the upper cover is detachably connected to the box body, the box body and the upper cover form an installation cavity, and the active fuse and the first passive fuse are arranged in the installation cavity.

[0012] In one embodiment, the active fuse and the first passive fuse are both arranged close to the upper cover.

[0013] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery pack comprising the above-mentioned high-voltage distribution box.

[0014] In one embodiment, the battery pack further includes a shell and at least two battery modules, the high-voltage distribution box and the battery modules are both installed in the shell, the battery modules are electrically connected to the electrical equipment through the high-voltage distribution box, and a second passive fuse is electrically connected between two adjacent battery modules.

[0015] In one embodiment, the second passive fuse is detachably connected between the two battery modules.

[0016] In one embodiment, the shell includes a body for mounting the battery module and a protrusion protruding from the body, the protrusion is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet for transmitting coolant, and the second passive fuse is installed in the protrusion.

[0017] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle comprising the above-mentioned high-voltage distribution box or the above-mentioned battery pack.

[0018] Beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application:

[0019] In the embodiment of the present application, by simultaneously setting an active fuse and a first passive fuse in the distribution box body, the active fuse and the first passive fuse serve as part of the fuse circuit. Since the fuse circuit is electrically connected to the external device, when the external device encounters an abnormal situation such as a collision or an overcurrent, the active fuse and the first passive fuse can promptly disconnect the circuit, thereby playing an effective protective role. Compared with the high-voltage distribution box in the related art, by setting the active fuse, when the external device encounters an abnormal situation such as a current overload, the active fuse can actively disconnect the circuit; at the same time, by setting the first passive fuse, when the active fuse cannot disconnect the circuit, the first passive fuse can also disconnect the circuit, thereby achieving a double protection effect and improving the protection performance of the high-voltage distribution box. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a high-voltage distribution box provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 This is one of the partial structural diagrams of the battery pack provided in the embodiments of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4 The embodiments of this application provide Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of point A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 5 This is the second partial structural diagram of the battery pack provided in the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, it should be understood that the specific implementation methods described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application. In the present application, unless otherwise specified, the directional words used, such as "upper" and "lower", generally refer to the upper and lower parts of the device in actual use or working state, specifically the drawing direction in the accompanying drawings; and "inside" and "outside" refer to the outline of the device.

[0027] The following combination Figures 1 to 5 The high-voltage distribution box, battery pack and vehicle of the present application are described.

[0028] According to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, Figure 1 The high-voltage distribution box includes a distribution box body 1 and a fuse circuit. The fuse circuit is arranged in the distribution box body 1. The fuse circuit includes an active fuse 2, a first passive fuse 3, a first port and a second port. The first port is used to electrically connect to the positive pole of the external device, and the second port is used to electrically connect to the negative pole of the external device. The active fuse 2 and the first passive fuse 3 are electrically connected between the first port and the second port.

[0029] According to the high-voltage distribution box of the embodiment of the present application, by simultaneously setting an active fuse 2 and a first passive fuse 3 in the distribution box body 1, the active fuse 2 and the first passive fuse 3 serve as part of the fuse circuit. Since the fuse circuit is electrically connected to the external device, when the external device collides or an abnormal situation such as an overcurrent occurs, the active fuse 2 and the first passive fuse 3 can disconnect the circuit in time, thereby playing an effective protective role. Compared with the high-voltage distribution box in the related art, by setting the active fuse 2, when an abnormal situation such as a current overload occurs in the external device, the active fuse 2 can actively cut off the circuit; at the same time, by setting the first passive fuse 3, when the active fuse 2 cannot cut off the circuit, the first passive fuse 3 can also cut off the circuit, thereby achieving the effect of double protection and improving the protection performance of the high-voltage distribution box.

[0030] For example, when the external device is a battery module, when the battery module collides, the active fuse 2 can actively cut off the circuit, so that the high-voltage distribution box has the function of collision protection. When the active fuse 2 fails and cannot disconnect the circuit, since a first passive fuse 3 is also provided in the fuse circuit, the first passive fuse 3 will disconnect the circuit when the current in the fuse circuit is too large, thereby ensuring the safety of the battery module, realizing double protection of the battery module, and making the high-voltage distribution box have better protection effect.

[0031] It should be noted that the external device can be not only a battery module, but also any suitable electrical equipment such as a ship or an airplane.

[0032] It is understandable that when the external device is a battery pack, since the active fuse 2 and the first passive fuse 3 are both provided at the high-voltage distribution box, a passive fuse may not be provided between the two battery modules 9 of the battery pack.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present application, Figure 1 The fuse circuit includes a main positive relay 4 and a main negative relay 5. A partition plate 11 is provided in the distribution box body 1. The main positive relay 4 and the main negative relay 5 are respectively arranged on both sides of the partition plate 11. The active fuse 2 and the main positive relay 4 are arranged side by side along the width direction of the distribution box body 1, and the main negative relay 5 and the first passive fuse 3 are arranged side by side along the width direction of the distribution box body 1.

[0034] It can be understood that the active fuse 2 and the main positive relay 4 are arranged side by side on one side of the partition plate 11, and the first passive fuse 3 and the main negative relay 5 are arranged side by side on the other side of the partition plate 11, so that the distribution of components in the distribution box body 1 is more orderly and compact, which can reduce the volume of the distribution box body 1 and is conducive to the miniaturization of the high-voltage distribution box.

[0035] Specifically, the active fuse 2 and the main positive relay 4 are arranged side by side along the width direction of the distribution box body 1, and the first passive fuse 3 and the main negative relay 5 are also arranged side by side along the width direction of the distribution box body 1, so as to avoid the length of the distribution box body 1 being too long.

[0036] In an embodiment of the present application, the distribution box body 1 is formed with at least two installation cavities, one of which is used to install the active fuse 2, and the other is used to install the first passive fuse 3, ensuring that at least one active fuse 2 and at least one first passive fuse 3 can be installed in the distribution box body 1, thereby ensuring the electrical protection performance of the high-voltage distribution box.

[0037] Illustratively, the partition plate 11 divides the space inside the distribution box body 1 into two installation cavities.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present application, Figure 1 The high-voltage distribution box includes a heat-conducting member 6 , and the main positive relay 4 , the active fuse 2 , the main negative relay 5 and the first passive fuse 3 are all in contact with the heat-conducting member 6 .

[0039] It is understood that the heat conductor 6 simultaneously contacts multiple components, including the main positive relay 4, active fuse 2, main negative relay 5, and first passive fuse 3. This increases the contact area between the heat conductor 6 and the heat-generating components, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect. Heat generated by components such as the main positive relay 4, active fuse 2, main negative relay 5, and first passive fuse 3 can be directly transferred to the heat conductor 6, thereby increasing the heat dissipation rate of components such as the main positive relay 4, active fuse 2, main negative relay 5, and first passive fuse 3.

[0040] Specifically, the heat conductor 6 can contact the outer wall of the distribution box body 1 to transfer heat to the outer wall of the distribution box body 1; the heat conductor 6 can also directly contact the external device to directly transfer the heat to the external device; the heat conductor 6 can also be in contact with the main positive relay 4, the active fuse 2, the main negative relay 5 and the first passive fuse 3 on one side, and connected to the external space on the other side, that is, directly exposed to the outside, so that the heat can be dissipated to the outside.

[0041] Exemplarily, the heat conductive member 6 is, for example, a thermally conductive silicone pad. The thermally conductive silicone pad is made of a flexible material and can undergo a certain amount of deformation. When the thermally conductive silicone pad contacts components such as the main positive relay 4, the active fuse 2, the main negative relay 5 and the first passive fuse 3, the thermally conductive silicone pad is squeezed and deformed, which can increase the contact area between the thermally conductive silicone pad and components such as the main positive relay 4, the active fuse 2, the main negative relay 5 and the first passive fuse 3, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect.

[0042] In one embodiment of the present application, Figure 1 The high-voltage distribution box includes a PCB board 7, which is arranged in the distribution box body 1. The fuse circuit includes a high-voltage acquisition module, which is integrated in the PCB board 7. The high-voltage acquisition module is electrically connected between the first port and the second port. The high-voltage acquisition module is used to collect voltage information of external devices.

[0043] It is understandable that the high voltage collection module is integrated on the PCB board 7 in the distribution box body 1, so that the high voltage distribution box has a high voltage collection function, thereby improving the integration of the high voltage distribution box.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present application, the fuse circuit includes a conductive bar, the fuse circuit includes at least two active fuses 2 and / or at least two first passive fuses 3, and the active fuses 2 and the first passive fuses 3 are sequentially connected in series through the conductive bar.

[0045] It can be understood that by arranging at least two active fuses 2 and / or at least two first passive fuses 3 in the distribution box body 1, the number of fuses in the distribution box body 1 is three or more, which further increases the electrical protection performance of the high-voltage distribution box.

[0046] By connecting the active fuse 2 and the first passive fuse 3 in series via a conductive busbar, the number of active fuses 2 and first passive fuses 3 connected to the fuse circuit can be changed by modifying the conductive busbar. In other words, by modifying the conductive busbar, the high-voltage distribution box can have different electrical protection effects, allowing users to adjust the number of active fuses 2 and first passive fuses 3 according to actual needs.

[0047] For example, the conductive bar is a copper bar. It should be noted that the conductive bar can also be an iron bar or a connecting bar made of any other suitable material.

[0048] In one embodiment of the present application, Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 The distribution box body 1 includes a box body 12 and an upper cover 13. The upper cover 13 is detachably connected to the box body 12. The box body 12 and the upper cover 13 are surrounded to form an installation cavity. The active fuse 2 and the first passive fuse 3 are arranged in the installation cavity.

[0049] It is understandable that by removing the upper cover 13 , the active fuse 2 , the first passive fuse 3 and other components in the distribution box body 1 can be inspected, disassembled, installed or replaced, which is simple and convenient.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present application, Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 The active fuse 2 and the first passive fuse 3 are both arranged close to the upper cover 13 .

[0051] It is understandable that when the upper cover 13 is removed, the active fuse 2 and the first passive fuse 3 can be directly seen, and the active fuse 2 and the first passive fuse 3 can then be directly inspected, disassembled, installed, or replaced.

[0052] According to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, the battery pack includes the above-mentioned high-voltage distribution box, the positive electrode of the battery pack is electrically connected to the first port, and the negative electrode of the battery pack is electrically connected to the second port.

[0053] According to the battery pack of the embodiment of the present application, by simultaneously providing an active fuse 2 and a first passive fuse 3 within the distribution box body 1, the active fuse 2 and the first passive fuse 3 serve as part of the fusing circuit. Since the fusing circuit is electrically connected to the battery pack, when the battery pack experiences an abnormal condition such as a collision or excessive current, the active fuse 2 and the first passive fuse 3 can promptly disconnect the circuit, thereby providing effective protection. Furthermore, compared to the high-voltage distribution box in the related art, by providing the active fuse 2, the active fuse 2 can actively disconnect the circuit when the battery pack experiences an abnormal condition such as a current overload; at the same time, by providing the first passive fuse 3, when the active fuse 2 fails to disconnect the circuit, the first passive fuse 3 can also disconnect the circuit, thereby achieving a double protection effect.

[0054] In one embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 and Figure 3 The battery pack also includes a shell 8 and at least two battery modules 9. The high-voltage distribution box and the battery module 9 are both installed in the shell 8. The battery module 9 is electrically connected to the electrical equipment through the high-voltage distribution box. A second passive fuse 10 is electrically connected between two adjacent battery modules 9.

[0055] It is understandable that the passive fuse between the two battery modules 9 can also protect the battery pack, that is, combined with the high-voltage distribution box, the battery pack has an active fuse 2, a first passive fuse 3 and a second passive fuse 10, which increases the number of fuses in the battery pack and improves the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0056] What can be confirmed is that the battery module 9 is electrically connected to the electrical equipment through the high-voltage distribution box. When an abnormality occurs in the battery module 9 or the electrical equipment or in the circuit between the battery module 9 and the electrical equipment, the high-voltage distribution box can cut off the connection between the battery module 9 and the electrical equipment.

[0057] In one embodiment of the present application, the second passive fuse 10 is detachably connected between the two battery modules 9 .

[0058] It is understandable that the second passive fuse 10 is detachably connected between the two battery modules 9, that is, it is possible to choose whether to connect the second passive fuse 10 to the circuit of the battery pack to change the number and type of fuses in the battery pack.

[0059] In some examples, when the upper cover 13 is removed, the active fuse 2 and the first passive fuse 3 can also be removed and installed, thereby changing the number of fuses connected to the fuse circuit within the distribution box body 1. At the same time, the second passive fuse 10 is also removable. In other words, by removing and installing the active fuse 2, the first passive fuse 3, and the second passive fuse 10, the number and type of fuses in the battery pack can be changed, allowing users to adjust according to their needs.

[0060] In one embodiment of the present application, Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 The housing 8 includes a body 81 for mounting the battery module 9 and a protrusion 82 protruding from the body 81. The protrusion 82 is provided with an inlet and an outlet for transmitting a coolant. The second passive fuse 10 is mounted in the protrusion 82. The coolant transmitted by the inlet and outlet is used to cool the battery module.

[0061] It can be understood that the second passive fuse 10 is installed in the protrusion 82 , that is, the liquid inlet, the liquid outlet and the second passive fuse 10 are all installed in the protrusion 82 , which improves the space utilization of the protrusion 82 .

[0062] In one embodiment of the present application, a high-voltage distribution box is arranged at the front end of the battery pack, and the passive fuses between the modules are placed in the installation space at the rear end of the battery pack, thereby realizing the rational use of the battery pack space and making the battery pack structure more compact.

[0063] In one embodiment of the present application, by slotting the shell of the high-voltage distribution box, the discharge end connector is directly inserted into the interior of the high-voltage distribution box, and the X- and Y-direction spaces inside the high-voltage distribution box are rationally utilized, thereby improving the space utilization of the high-voltage distribution box.

[0064] According to an embodiment of the third aspect of the present application, the vehicle includes the above-mentioned high-voltage distribution box or battery pack.

[0065] According to the vehicle of the embodiment of the present application, by simultaneously setting an active fuse 2 and a first passive fuse 3 in the distribution box body 1, the active fuse 2 and the first passive fuse 3 serve as part of the fuse circuit. Since the fuse circuit is electrically connected to the external device, when the vehicle collides or encounters abnormal conditions such as excessive current, the active fuse 2 and the first passive fuse 3 can promptly disconnect the circuit, thereby playing an effective protective role. In addition, compared to the high-voltage distribution box in the related art, by setting the active fuse 2, when the vehicle encounters abnormal conditions such as current overload, the active fuse 2 can actively disconnect the circuit; at the same time, by setting the first passive fuse 3, when the active fuse 2 cannot disconnect the circuit, the first passive fuse 3 can also disconnect the circuit, thereby achieving a double protection effect.

[0066] The above is a detailed introduction to the embodiments of the present application. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, based on the ideas of the present application, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

Claims

1. A high voltage distribution box, characterized in that: include: Distribution box body; A fuse circuit is provided in the distribution box body, and the fuse circuit includes an active fuse, a first passive fuse, a first port and a second port. The first port is used to electrically connect to the positive pole of an external device, and the second port is used to electrically connect to the negative pole of an external device. The active fuse and the first passive fuse are electrically connected between the first port and the second port.

2. The high-voltage distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuse circuit includes a main positive relay and a main negative relay. A partition plate is provided in the distribution box body. The main positive relay and the main negative relay are respectively arranged on both sides of the partition plate. The active fuse and the main positive relay are arranged side by side along the width direction of the distribution box body, and the main negative relay and the first passive fuse are arranged side by side along the width direction of the distribution box body.

3. The high-voltage distribution box according to claim 2, characterized in that: The high-voltage distribution box includes a heat-conducting member, and the main positive relay, the active fuse, the main negative relay and the first passive fuse are all in contact with the heat-conducting member.

4. The high-voltage distribution box according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The high-voltage distribution box includes a PCB board, which is arranged in the distribution box body. The fuse circuit includes a high-voltage acquisition module, which is integrated in the PCB board. The high-voltage acquisition module is electrically connected between the first port and the second port. The high-voltage acquisition module is used to collect voltage information of the external device.

5. The high-voltage distribution box according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The distribution box body includes a box body and an upper cover, the upper cover is detachably connected to the box body, the box body and the upper cover form an installation cavity, and the active fuse and the first passive fuse are arranged in the installation cavity.

6. The high-voltage distribution box according to claim 5, characterized in that: The active fuse and the first passive fuse are both arranged close to the upper cover.

7. A battery pack, characterized in that: Comprising the high-voltage distribution box according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that: The battery pack also includes a shell and at least two battery modules. The high-voltage distribution box and the battery modules are both installed in the shell. The battery modules are electrically connected to the electrical equipment through the high-voltage distribution box. A second passive fuse is electrically connected between two adjacent battery modules.

9. The battery pack according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second passive fuse is detachably connected between the two battery modules.

10. The battery pack according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The shell includes a main body for mounting the battery module and a protrusion protruding from the main body. The protrusion is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet for transmitting a coolant. The second passive fuse is mounted in the protrusion.

11. A vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises the high-voltage distribution box according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or the battery pack according to any one of claims 7 to 10.

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