Mechanical speed-increasing and extending type accessory milling head of numerical control machine tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tool milling heads, in particular to a mechanical speed-increasing and extending type accessory milling head of a numerical control machine tool, which comprises a milling head upper part, a milling head main blind rivet and a milling head auxiliary blind rivet which are arranged at the outer end of a milling head upper part shell and are respectively used for being grabbed and loaded by a machine tool ram main shaft pull claw and an auxiliary pull claw, the milling head taper shank corresponds to the machine ram spindle taper hole; the lower part of the milling head comprises a main shaft unit and a broach mechanism which are arranged in a shell of the lower part of the milling head; the milling head upper part and the milling head lower part are detachably mounted through a second screw; high-rotating-speed output of the main shaft can be achieved, the rotating speed and torque of the machine tool shaft end are transmitted, and the speed increasing effect is achieved; the device is compact in structure and relatively low in manufacturing cost, the use price of an electric spindle technology is avoided, and the use cost is reduced; the device is wide in application range, does not change a machine tool body, is suitable for installation and use of new and old machine tools, and is high in usability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of milling heads for numerically controlled machine tools, in particular to a mechanical speed-increasing and extended accessory milling head for numerically controlled machine tools. Background Art

[0002] Traditional mechanical processing is increasingly unable to keep up with the needs of modern industrial manufacturing. High-speed, high-precision, and high-efficiency CNC processing technology has gradually become the main factor determining the competitiveness of the manufacturing industry.

[0003] At present, the development and application of electric spindle technology has become the main direction of high-speed spindles. Electric spindles are a new technology that has emerged in the field of CNC machine tools, integrating the machine tool spindle and the spindle motor. This transmission structure that "combines the machine tool spindle and the spindle motor into one" makes the spindle component relatively independent from the machine tool's transmission system and overall structure. It cannot be used on old machine tools, and its manufacturing and application costs are very high, making it unsuitable for general manufacturing and production.

[0004] Therefore, we consider designing a structure that can replace the electric spindle and, compared with the traditional milling head, can achieve spindle speed increase through mechanical principles, and then meet the processing requirements of high spindle speed; in view of this, we propose a mechanical speed-increasing extended accessory milling head for CNC machine tools. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the deficiencies mentioned in the above background technology and to provide a mechanical speed-increasing and extended accessory milling head for a CNC machine tool.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A mechanical speed-increasing and extending accessory milling head for a numerically controlled machine tool comprises a second screw and further comprises:

[0008] The upper portion of the milling head includes a main pull pin and a secondary pull pin of the milling head mounted on the outer end of the upper housing of the milling head and used to be grasped by the main pull claw and the secondary pull claw of the machine tool ram, respectively, and a milling head taper shank corresponding to the taper hole of the main spindle of the machine tool ram;

[0009] The milling head tapered shank is assembled and mounted on the outside of the inner gear disc by screws, the inner disc of the inner gear disc is meshed with an external gear shaft, and the inner axis of the external gear shaft is inserted with a push rod with one end mounted on the milling head tapered shank, and the push rod is used to push along the axis direction;

[0010] A second helical gear is mounted on the outside of the external gear shaft, one side of the second helical gear is meshed with a helical gear shaft, and a first helical gear for forming a coaxial double gear shaft system is mounted below the helical gear shaft via a flat key connection;

[0011] The lower part of the milling head includes a spindle unit and a broaching mechanism installed inside the lower housing of the milling head;

[0012] The spindle unit includes a milling head spindle with a spindle broaching mechanism and a spindle pulling claw installed inside, the spindle broaching mechanism is aligned with the axis of the push rod, and the milling head spindle is externally meshed with a helical gear body;

[0013] The helical gear body and the first helical gear are meshed with each other;

[0014] The upper part and the lower part of the milling head are detachably mounted via the second screws.

[0015] Preferably, the second helical gear is set with a module m=3mm, a number of teeth T=56, and a left-hand rotation direction;

[0016] The helical gear shaft is set to have a module m=3mm, a number of teeth T=28, and a right-hand rotation direction;

[0017] The first helical gear is set to have a module m=3mm, a number of teeth T=42, and a left-hand rotation direction;

[0018] The helical gear body is set with a module m=3mm, a number of teeth T=42, and a right-hand rotation direction;

[0019] The transmission ratio of the accessory milling head is i=2.

[0020] Preferably, a first spring sleeved on the pusher rod body is provided between the external gear shaft and the milling head tapered shank;

[0021] A cavity for installing a second spring is provided on the side of the external gear shaft away from the milling head tapered shank, and a pressure cover is installed at the bottom of the cavity. The pressure cover and the external gear shaft are used to keep the axial movement path of the push rod consistent.

[0022] Preferably, the outside of the external gear shaft is provided with a spacer ring, a first bearing seat, the second bevel gear and a second bearing seat in sequence from top to bottom.

[0023] Preferably, a first angular contact ball bearing is installed between the first bearing seat and the external gear shaft;

[0024] The outer portion of the lower end of the second helical gear is mounted in the second bearing seat via a deep groove ball bearing.

[0025] Preferably, a clutch positioning end cover for limiting the taper shank of the milling head is provided on the upper shell of the milling head.

[0026] Preferably, a spindle bushing is provided inside the lower shell of the milling head and outside the spindle of the milling head, and an outer surface of the spindle bushing is provided with an external spiral structure.

[0027] Preferably, a spiral annular groove for coolant flow is provided inside the main shaft bushing.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] 1. The mechanical speed-increasing extended accessory milling head of the CNC machine tool can achieve high-speed output of the spindle, transmit the speed and torque of the machine tool shaft end, and play the role of speed increase;

[0030] 2. The device has a compact structure and relatively low manufacturing cost, avoiding the use of expensive electric spindle technology, which is conducive to reducing the cost of use;

[0031] 3. The device has a wide range of applications and does not change the machine tool body. It is suitable for installation and use on new and old machine tools and has strong usability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The drawings constituting part of this application are provided to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are provided to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of the utility model.

[0034] The meaning of each number in the figure is:

[0035] 100, milling head auxiliary pull pin; 101, milling head main pull pin; 102, milling head taper shank; 103, oil line speed plug; 104, end gear plate; 105, clutch positioning end cover; 106, push rod; 107, first spring; 108, internal gear plate; 109, external gear shaft; 110, first bearing seat; 111, helical gear shaft; 112, first helical gear; 113, first screw; 114, spacer; 115, first angular contact ball bearing; 116, second spring; 117, second helical gear; 118, pressure cover; 119, second angular contact ball bearing; 120, lower bearing seat; 121, upper bearing seat; 122, milling head upper housing; 123, housing end cover; 124, second bearing seat; 125, deep groove ball bearing;

[0036] 200, milling head lower housing; 201, milling head spindle; 202, spindle bushing; 203, first locking nut; 204, bevel gear body; 205, first labyrinth washer set; 206, first cylindrical roller bearing; 207, second labyrinth washer set; 208, intermediate washer; 209, second locking nut; 210, third labyrinth washer set; 211, angular contact ball bearing assembly; 212, fourth labyrinth washer set; 213, spindle pull claw; 214, second cylindrical roller bearing; 215, inner washer; 216, outer washer; 217, lower end cover; 218, spindle broaching mechanism;

[0037] 300. Second screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] See also Figure 1 The present invention describes the above technical solution in detail through the following embodiments:

[0040] A mechanical speed-increasing extended attachment milling head for a CNC machine tool includes a second screw 300. It should be noted that, as shown in the figure, the milling head upper housing 122 provided on the upper part of the milling head and the milling head lower housing 200 provided on the lower part of the milling head are respectively enclosed with a housing end cover 123 and a lower end cover 217 at the bottom, and the two are detachably mounted by the second screw 300; and further includes:

[0041] The upper part of the milling head includes a milling head main pull pin 101 and four milling head auxiliary pull pins 100 installed at the outer end of the milling head upper shell 122, which are respectively used to be grasped by the machine tool slide main shaft pull claw and auxiliary pull claw, and a milling head tapered shank 102 corresponding to the machine tool slide main shaft tapered hole. The design of the four milling head auxiliary pull pins 100 in this embodiment is conducive to increasing the connection rigidity and safety; and the milling head upper shell 122 is provided with a clutch positioning end cover 105 for limiting the milling head tapered shank 102.

[0042] like Figure 1In the structure shown, the milling head tapered shank 102 is assembled with screws on the outside of the inner gear disc 108, and an external gear shaft 109 is meshed at the inner disc of the inner gear disc 108. A push rod 106 with one end mounted on the milling head tapered shank 102 is inserted at the internal axis of the external gear shaft 109, and the push rod 106 is used to push along the axis direction; it should be noted that a second bevel gear 117 is installed on the outside of the external gear shaft 109, and a bevel gear shaft 111 is meshed on one side of the second bevel gear 117. A first bevel gear 112 for forming a coaxial double gear shaft system is installed below the bevel gear shaft 111 through a flat key connection. The upper and lower ends of the shaft system are supported by a pair of second angular contact ball bearings 119 and are installed in a face-to-face combination. The upper ends are respectively mounted on the upper bearing seat 121 located in the cavity of the upper housing 122 of the milling head, and the lower end is mounted in the lower bearing seat 120, and the lower bearing seat 120 is mounted on the lower end of the upper housing 122 of the milling head by a first screw 113.

[0043] It should be noted that in order to obtain the ability to reset the push tool, a first spring 107 is provided between the external gear shaft 109 and the milling head tapered shank 102, which is sleeved on the rod body of the push tool rod 106; and the external gear shaft 109 is provided with an embedding cavity for installing the second spring 116 on the side away from the milling head tapered shank 102, and a pressure cover 118 is installed at the bottom of the embedding cavity. The pressure cover 118 and the external gear shaft 109 are used to keep the axial movement path of the push tool rod 106 consistent; the pressure cover 118 also plays an axial positioning role to prevent the second bevel gear 117 from axial movement, maintain its limit, and prevent mechanical damage caused by high-speed movement.

[0044] When the milling head auxiliary pull pin 100 is grabbed and pulled, the milling head tapered shank 102 can move inward and compress the first spring 107, and disengage from the clutch positioning end cover 105; in this embodiment, when the machine tool slide grabbing and loading action is completed, the end gear disc 104 and the oil circuit speed plug 103 are engaged with the end gear disc and oil circuit speed plug at the end of the machine tool slide. At this time, the accessory milling head is positioned by the end gear disc 104, and the various oil circuits of the machine tool body are also connected to the various oil circuits inside the accessory milling head and are unobstructed. This part belongs to the existing installation technology, so it will not be explained in detail.

[0045] The outside of the external gear shaft 109 is sequentially sleeved with a spacer ring 114, a first bearing seat 110, a second bevel gear 117 and a second bearing seat 124 from top to bottom; a first angular contact ball bearing 115 is installed between the first bearing seat 110 and the external gear shaft 109, and the first angular contact ball bearings 115 are installed in a back-to-back combination to support the rotational movement of the external gear shaft 109 and withstand axial and radial loads, while ensuring the rotation accuracy of the shaft; and the outside of the lower end of the second bevel gear 117 is installed in the second bearing seat 124 through a deep groove ball bearing 125 to support the second bevel gear 117 and ensure its rotation accuracy.

[0046] The lower part of the milling head includes a spindle unit and a broaching mechanism installed inside the lower shell 200 of the milling head; the broaching mechanism locks the tool during the machining process, provides a certain axial broaching force, and ensures that the tool remains stationary during machining; and the spindle unit positions the tool during the machining process, transmits the rotation speed and torque to the tool, and maintains the rotation accuracy of the tool.

[0047] The spindle unit of this embodiment includes a milling head spindle 201 with a spindle broaching mechanism 218 and a spindle pulling claw 213 installed inside, which positions the tool in the tapered hole of the milling head spindle 201 and provides a certain axial pulling force to the tool to ensure that the tool does not loosen during the machining process; the spindle broaching mechanism 218 is aligned with the axis of the tool pusher rod 106, and the milling head spindle 201 is externally engaged with a helical gear body 204.

[0048] In this embodiment, the outside of the milling head spindle 201 is respectively installed with an inner washer 215, an outer washer 216, a second cylindrical roller bearing 214, an angular contact ball bearing assembly 211, a fourth labyrinth washer group 212, a third labyrinth washer group 210, a second locking nut 209, an intermediate washer 208, a second labyrinth washer group 207, a first cylindrical roller bearing 206, a first labyrinth washer group 205, a bevel gear body 204 and a first locking nut 203 from bottom to top to maintain structural stability and reduce wear.

[0049] In this embodiment, the spindle unit is composed of a second cylindrical roller bearing 214 at the lower end and an angular contact ball bearing combination 211, which are installed in parallel. The four angular contact ball bearings are combined in pairs and adopt a double-row back-to-back combination, which can withstand axial loads and radial loads, as well as large radial overturning moments; the upper end is composed of a first cylindrical roller bearing 206, which forms a two-point support method with the lower end bearing and is designed to be fixed at one end and movable at the other end, which not only ensures the axial support rigidity and rotation accuracy, but also compensates for the axial displacement of the spindle caused by heat.

[0050] It should be noted that in this embodiment, a spindle bushing 202 is provided inside the lower shell 200 of the milling head and outside the milling head spindle 201. The outer surface of the spindle bushing 202 is provided with an external spiral structure, and the inside of the spindle bushing 202 is provided with a spiral annular groove for the flow of cooling oil, which can promptly take away the heat generated during the rotation process, ensure the stability of the bearing accuracy and extend the life of the mechanical structure.

[0051] Specifically, the mechanical speed-increasing extended accessory milling head of the CNC machine tool of this embodiment has the following working principle: when the machine tool slide automatically grabs and loads the accessory milling head, the machine tool spindle transmits the speed and torque to the milling head taper shank 102 and the inner gear disc 108 in sequence. Since the outer gear shaft 109 is engaged with the inner gear disc 108, the power is further transmitted to the outer gear shaft 109; then the power is transmitted to the second bevel gear 117, which is designed with a module m = 3mm and a gear The number T = 56, the direction is left-hand; the power is further transmitted to the helical gear shaft 111 meshing with it, which is designed with a module m = 3mm, a number of teeth T = 28, and a direction of right-hand rotation; the power is then transmitted to the coaxial first helical gear 112, which is designed with a module m = 3mm, a number of teeth T = 42, and a direction of left-hand rotation; the first helical gear 112 transmits the power to the meshing helical gear body 204, which is designed with a module m = 3mm, a number of teeth T = 42, and a direction of right-hand rotation;

[0052] Finally, the bevel gear body 204 transmits power to the milling head spindle 201, and the milling head spindle 201 transmits power to the tool to achieve cutting processing.

[0053] During the above power transmission process, the two-stage helical gear meshing transmission causes the speed to change due to the change in the number of teeth. The transmission ratio is i=2. The speed is determined by the machine tool speed, and the speed increase ratio is designed to be a multiple relationship; that is, the machine tool spindle output speed S, and the final speed transmitted to the tool by the accessory milling head spindle is 2S, thereby achieving the effect of speed doubling.

[0054] The mechanical speed-increasing extended accessory milling head of the CNC machine tool of this embodiment has the following working principle for tool changing: when the tool changing command of the machine tool is issued, the tool-pushing hydraulic cylinder of the machine tool ram receives the command, the piston moves forward and applies a thrust to the main pull pin 101 of the milling head, and then the thrust is transmitted to the milling head taper shank 102, and then the milling head taper shank 102 transmits the thrust to the push rod 106, and then the push rod 106 applies the thrust to the spindle broaching mechanism 218, the spindle broaching mechanism 218 overcomes the force of its combined butterfly spring, and the broaching rod moves forward until the spindle pulling claw 213 is fully opened;

[0055] After the spindle pulling claw 213 is fully opened, the new tool is loaded into the spindle taper hole of the accessory milling head, and then the machine tool tool pulling command is issued, the tool pushing hydraulic cylinder of the machine tool slide receives the command, and the piston returns; all the above-mentioned intermediate mechanisms return to their original positions, and the tool is positioned by the spindle taper hole of the accessory milling head and the tension generated by the deformation of the combined butterfly spring in the spindle tool pulling mechanism 218, and is finally stably fixed in the taper hole of the milling head spindle 201.

[0056] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0057] In addition, if the embodiments of the present invention include descriptions of "first," "second," etc., such descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features.

[0058] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations that come within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be embraced within the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical speed-increasing extension type accessory milling head for a numerically controlled machine tool, comprising a second screw (300), characterized in that: Also includes: The upper portion of the milling head comprises a milling head main pull pin (101) and a milling head auxiliary pull pin (100) mounted at the outer end of the milling head upper housing (122) and used to be gripped by the machine tool ram spindle pull claw and the auxiliary pull claw respectively, and a milling head taper shank (102) corresponding to the machine tool ram spindle taper hole; The milling head taper shank (102) is mounted on the outside of the inner gear disc (108) by screw assembly, the inner disc of the inner gear disc (108) is meshed with an outer gear shaft (109), and a push rod (106) with one end mounted on the milling head taper shank (102) is inserted at the inner axis of the outer gear shaft (109), and the push rod (106) is used to push along the axis direction; A second helical gear (117) is installed on the outside of the external gear shaft (109), a helical gear shaft (111) is meshed with one side of the second helical gear (117), and a first helical gear (112) for forming a coaxial double gear shaft system is installed below the helical gear shaft (111) via a flat key connection; The lower part of the milling head comprises a spindle unit and a broaching mechanism installed inside the lower housing (200) of the milling head; The spindle unit comprises a milling head spindle (201) internally mounted with a spindle broaching mechanism (218) and a spindle pulling claw (213), the spindle broaching mechanism (218) being aligned with the axis of the pusher rod (106), and the milling head spindle (201) being externally meshed with a helical gear body (204); The helical gear body (204) and the first helical gear (112) are meshed with each other; The upper part and the lower part of the milling head are detachably mounted via the second screw (300).

2. The mechanical speed-increasing and extended attachment milling head for a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second helical gear (117) is set with a module m=3mm, a number of teeth T=56, and a left-hand rotation direction; The helical gear shaft (111) is provided with a module m=3 mm, a number of teeth T=28, and a right-hand rotation direction; The first helical gear (112) is set to have a module m=3 mm, a number of teeth T=42, and a left-hand rotation direction; The helical gear body (204) is set with a module m=3mm, a number of teeth T=42, and a right-hand rotation direction; The transmission ratio of the accessory milling head is i=2.

3. The mechanical speed-increasing and extended attachment milling head for a CNC machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first spring (107) sleeved on the rod body of the push rod (106) is provided between the external gear shaft (109) and the milling head taper shank (102); A cavity for installing a second spring (116) is provided on the side of the external gear shaft (109) away from the milling head taper shank (102), and a pressure cover (118) is installed at the bottom of the cavity. The pressure cover (118) and the external gear shaft (109) are used to keep the axial movement path of the push rod (106) consistent.

4. The mechanical speed-increasing and extended attachment milling head for a CNC machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer portion of the external gear shaft (109) is sequentially sleeved with a spacer ring (114), a first bearing seat (110), the second helical gear (117) and a second bearing seat (124) from top to bottom.

5. The mechanical speed-increasing and extended attachment milling head for a CNC machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first angular contact ball bearing (115) is installed between the first bearing seat (110) and the external gear shaft (109); The lower end of the second helical gear (117) is externally mounted in a second bearing seat (124) via a deep groove ball bearing (125).

6. The mechanical speed-increasing and extended attachment milling head for a CNC machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper housing (122) of the milling head is provided with a clutch positioning end cover (105) for limiting the position of the milling head taper shank (102).

7. The mechanical speed-increasing and extended attachment milling head for a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spindle bushing (202) is provided inside the milling head lower shell (200) and outside the milling head spindle (201), and an outer surface of the spindle bushing (202) is provided with an external spiral structure.

8. The mechanical speed-increasing and extended attachment milling head for a CNC machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The main shaft bushing (202) is provided with a spiral annular groove for allowing coolant to flow.

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