Self-adaptive shaft machining flexible clamp

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of numerical control machine tool clamps, and discloses a self-adaptive shaft machining flexible clamp which comprises a shaft supporting device arranged in the center of a machine tool, a transverse moving hydraulic motor and a positive and negative tooth lead screw nut pair, clamp bases are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side with the shaft supporting device as the center, and the clamp bases are connected with a machine tool body through linear guide rails. The clamp base transversely slides relative to the machine tool body; the positive and negative thread lead screw nut pair comprises a positive and negative thread lead screw and a nut, each clamp base is provided with opposite chuck seats, and the chuck seats are connected with the clamp bases through linear guide rails, so that the chuck seats move longitudinally relative to the clamp bases; and one end of the positive and negative tooth screw rod is connected with the output end of the transverse hydraulic motor, and the other end is connected with the nut at the bottom of the fixture base. The automatic feeding device is high in automation degree, large in flexibility and high in workpiece self-adaption capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of CNC machine tool fixtures and relates to an adaptive shaft processing flexible fixture, which is applied to machine tools for end surface processing of railway passenger car axles, freight car axles, locomotive axles, urban rail axles, wide-gauge axles, meter-gauge axles and other axle-type workpieces. Background Art

[0002] Machining the end faces of shaft-type workpieces, such as rail vehicle axles, involves machining processes such as threaded holes, blind holes, center holes, end faces, and chamfers. Typically, these processes utilize various types of horizontal specialized machine tools or horizontal CNC machining centers. However, current machine tool fixtures are mostly fixed or adjustable, requiring manual adjustment. Given the diverse range of axle workpieces and the complexity of market orders, many axle manufacturers are forced to frequently change production models, requiring frequent manual replacement or adjustment of machine tool fixtures. This situation not only reduces production efficiency and increases labor intensity, but can also lead to unstable positioning accuracy.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a fixture that is highly flexible, efficient, and can adapt to meet the clamping needs of various axle models. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies in the background technology, the utility model designs an adaptive shaft processing flexible fixture.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is: an adaptive shaft processing flexible fixture, comprising:

[0006] It includes a support shaft device, a transverse hydraulic motor and a forward and reverse screw nut pair arranged at the center of the machine tool. The fixture base is symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides with the support shaft device as the center. The fixture base is connected to the machine tool bed through a linear guide rail, so that the fixture base can slide laterally relative to the machine tool bed; the forward and reverse screw nut pair includes forward and reverse screws and nuts. Opposite chuck seats are arranged on each fixture base, and the chuck seats are connected to the fixture base through a linear guide rail, so that the chuck seats can move longitudinally relative to the fixture base; one end of the forward and reverse screw is connected to the output end of the transverse hydraulic motor, and the other end is connected to the nut at the bottom of the fixture base.

[0007] Furthermore, the shaft supporting device includes a lifting device, a guide groove and a shaft supporting roller, and the shaft supporting roller is arranged in a V shape.

[0008] Furthermore, a chuck is provided at the front end of the chuck seat, and the chuck slides slightly in the up and down directions inside the chuck seat.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a screw nut pair and a clamping hydraulic motor. The screw nut pair includes a screw and a screw nut. The chuck seat is connected to the screw nut. The output shaft of the clamping hydraulic motor is directly connected to the screw.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0011] The utility model can move the clamp base in both horizontal and vertical directions, has a high degree of automation, great flexibility, and a high ability to adapt to workpieces. It has stable and reliable clamping and can be installed on various types of horizontal axle end processing machine tools. It can adapt to large-scale production of multiple varieties and meet long-term and high-load working requirements. It has high production efficiency and can effectively reduce manual labor intensity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main view of a self-adaptive flexible fixture for shaft processing according to the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Left side view of ;

[0014] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic top view of

[0015] Figure 4 It is a side cross-sectional structural diagram of the shaft support device.

[0016] Figure numerals: 1. Machine tool bed; 2. Axle; 3. Shaft support device; 4. Chuck seat; 401. Slide groove; 402. Pad; 5. Transverse hydraulic motor; 6. Positive and negative thread screw nut pair; 601. Positive and negative thread screw; 602. Nut; 7. Clamp base; 8. Screw nut pair; 801. Screw; 802. Screw nut; 9. Clamping hydraulic motor; 10. Chuck; 301. Lifting device; 302. Guide groove; 303. Shaft support roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0018] See Figures 1-4 The utility model provides an adaptive shaft processing flexible fixture, comprising:

[0019] A support shaft device 3, a transverse hydraulic motor 5 and a forward and reverse screw nut pair 6 are arranged at the center of the machine tool. A clamp base 7 is symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides with the support shaft device 3 as the center. The clamp base 7 is connected to the machine tool bed 1 through a linear guide rail, so that the clamp base 7 can slide laterally relative to the machine tool bed 1.

[0020] The positive and negative thread screw nut pair 6 includes positive and negative thread screws 601 and nuts 602. Each clamp base 7 is provided with an opposite chuck seat 4. The chuck seat 4 is connected to the clamp base 7 through a linear guide rail, so that the chuck seat 4 can move longitudinally relative to the clamp base 7.

[0021] One end of the forward and reverse threaded screw 601 is connected to the output of the traverse hydraulic motor 5, and the other end is connected to the nut 602 at the bottom of the clamp base 7. The traverse hydraulic motor 5 and the forward and reverse threaded screw 601 are both installed inside the machine tool bed 1. Specifically, the forward and reverse threaded screw 601 is connected to the traverse hydraulic motor 5 by a gear or pulley pair. Through the transmission of the forward and reverse threaded screw nut pair 6, the clamp base 7 is driven to move symmetrically and synchronously about the support shaft device 3, thereby achieving automatic adjustment of the axial clamping position of different axle types 2.

[0022] Preferably, the shaft support device 3 includes a lifting device 301, a guide groove 302 and a shaft support roller 303. The shaft support roller 303 is arranged in a V shape, and the size of the V-shaped opening can be set according to actual needs. The lifting device 301 is arranged at the bottom of the shaft support device 3 and is limited by the guide groove 302. The lifting device 301 can be driven up and down by a motor or hydraulic power. The shaft support roller 303 is used to support the axle 2 and make the center of the axle 2 lower than the center height of the top after clamping by 0.5-1mm, so that the top hole of the shaft support device 3 and the outer cylindrical surface of the axle 2 can be effectively protected during clamping.

[0023] Preferably, a chuck 10 is provided at the front end of the chuck seat 4 , and the chuck 10 slides slightly in the up-down direction inside the chuck seat 4 .

[0024] Preferably, the system further includes a screw-nut pair 8 and a clamping hydraulic motor 9. The screw-nut pair 8 includes a screw 801 and a screw nut 802. The chuck base 4 is connected to the screw nut 802, and the output shaft of the clamping hydraulic motor 9 is directly connected to the screw 801. The clamping hydraulic motor 9 drives the screw-nut pair 8 to rotate, thereby driving the chuck base 4 to move synchronously, causing the chuck 10 to clamp or loosen the axle 2.

[0025] In actual use, the shaft support device 3 supports the middle part of the axle 2 and can move laterally relative to the machine tool body 1. The chuck seats 4 are respectively arranged at both ends of the axle 2. The two chuck seats 4 can perform longitudinal floating movement on the clamp base 7. The specific process is: the screw 801 is connected to the chuck seat 4 on one side, and the screw nut 802 is connected to the chuck seat 4 on the other side. When clamping, the chuck 10 on one side will stop when it touches the axle 2, and the chuck 10 on the other side will automatically approach the clamping axle 2, realizing adaptive floating clamping of the radial horizontal direction of the axle 2; due to the clamping The chuck 10 at the front end of the head seat 4 can perform a slight floating movement in the up and down directions. The specific method is that the chuck 10 is installed in the chuck seat 4 through the slide groove 401, and a pad 402 is set under the chuck 10. The pad 402 is preferably an elastomer. The chuck 10 slides slightly up and down in the chuck seat 4 in the vertical direction. When the chuck 10 is close to the axle 2, the chuck 10 will float up and down according to the outer shape position of the axle 2, so that the axle 2 remains stationary. The vertical floating clamping realizes adaptive floating clamping of the radial vertical direction of the axle 2, thereby realizing adaptive clamping of the axle 2.

[0026] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An adaptive shaft processing flexible fixture, comprising a shaft supporting device (3) arranged at the center of a machine tool, a traverse hydraulic motor (5) and a positive and negative threaded screw nut pair (6), characterized in that: A fixture base (7) is symmetrically arranged with the support shaft device (3) as the center, and the fixture base (7) is connected to the machine tool bed (1) through a linear guide rail, so that the fixture base (7) slides horizontally relative to the machine tool bed (1); The positive and negative threaded screw and nut pair (6) comprises positive and negative threaded screws (601) and nuts (602), and each fixture base (7) is provided with an opposing chuck seat (4), and the chuck seat (4) is connected to the fixture base (7) via a linear guide rail, so that the chuck seat (4) moves longitudinally relative to the fixture base (7); One end of the forward and reverse threaded rod (601) is connected to the output end of the transverse hydraulic motor (5), and the other end is connected to the bottom of the clamp base (7) with the nut (602).

2. The adaptive shaft processing flexible fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaft supporting device (3) comprises a lifting device (301), a guide groove (302) and a shaft supporting roller (303), and the shaft supporting roller (303) is arranged in a V shape.

3. The adaptive shaft processing flexible fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: A chuck (10) is provided at the front end of the chuck seat (4), and the chuck (10) slides slightly in the up-down direction inside the chuck seat (4).

4. The adaptive shaft processing flexible fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a screw nut pair (8) and a clamping hydraulic motor (9), the screw nut pair (8) includes a screw (801) and a screw nut (802), the chuck seat (4) is connected to the screw nut (802), and the output shaft of the clamping hydraulic motor (9) is directly connected to the screw (801).

Images