Steel bar truss and concrete beam
By optimizing the design of steel bar trusses and using composite steel bar skeletons and oblique belly reinforcements, the problems of large amount of stirrups and high construction costs in traditional steel bar trusses are solved, and low-cost and efficient industrial production is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420604864.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-12
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-03-27
AI Technical Summary
The amount of stirrups in traditional steel bar trusses is high, resulting in high construction costs, time-consuming and labor-intensive binding, and low industrial efficiency.
The reinforcement truss design is adopted, including the upper chord longitudinal bar, the lower chord longitudinal bar, and the composite reinforcement frame. The composite reinforcement frame consists of oblique bubbling and positioning stirrups to optimize the density of stirrups, and a wavy or zigzag composite reinforcement frame is set in areas with less shear force of concrete beams.
The amount of stirrups is reduced, the overall stress performance of steel bar trusses is improved, the construction cost is reduced, and industrial production efficiency is improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN223214832U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of building structures, in particular to a steel bar truss and a concrete beam. Background Art
[0002] With the development of building industrialization, concrete beams are increasingly used in the construction field; steel trusses are an important component of concrete beams. However, in traditional processes, steel trusses mainly consist of upper and lower longitudinal chords, middle longitudinal waist bars, and stirrups evenly distributed along the length. This type of steel truss uses a large amount of steel stirrups. In the middle section of the beam, the shear force is very small, and the shear resistance of the concrete section itself meets the bearing capacity requirements. The stirrups in this section only serve to fix the longitudinal bars, resulting in waste of stirrups and increased construction costs. In addition, the binding of stirrups in traditional steel trusses is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the industrial efficiency is low. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a steel truss and a concrete beam to reduce construction costs in view of the shortcomings of the existing technology.
[0004] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a steel truss, which includes upper chord longitudinal bars, lower chord longitudinal bars, end stirrups and a composite steel skeleton; the upper chord longitudinal bars are provided with at least two bars, which are horizontally spaced apart at the top; the lower chord longitudinal bars are parallel to the upper chord longitudinal bars, and there are at least two bars, which are horizontally spaced apart at the bottom; the middle part of the steel truss is the central area, the composite steel skeleton is provided in the central area, and the composite steel skeleton is connected to the upper chord longitudinal bars and the lower chord longitudinal bars respectively.
[0005] According to the above scheme, the composite steel frame includes diagonal web reinforcement and positioning stirrups; the diagonal web reinforcement is arranged throughout the length of the central area between the upper chord longitudinal reinforcement and the lower chord longitudinal reinforcement, as well as on the outside of the upper chord longitudinal reinforcement and the lower chord longitudinal reinforcement; each diagonal web reinforcement, upper chord longitudinal reinforcement and lower chord longitudinal reinforcement is connected by positioning stirrups arranged at intervals along the length direction of the steel truss, forming a steel cage surrounded by four sides.
[0006] According to the above solution, the oblique abdominal ribs are wavy or zigzag in shape.
[0007] According to the above scheme, the oblique web reinforcements at both ends of the composite steel frame are connected by fixed stirrups, and transition stirrups are provided on the outside of the fixed stirrups, which connect the upper chord longitudinal reinforcement and the lower chord longitudinal reinforcement.
[0008] According to the above solution, the steel truss is further provided with a middle longitudinal reinforcement, the two ends of which are respectively flush with the upper chord longitudinal reinforcement and the lower chord longitudinal reinforcement; the middle longitudinal reinforcement is located between the upper chord longitudinal reinforcement and the lower chord longitudinal reinforcement.
[0009] According to the above scheme, end areas are respectively provided at both ends of the upper chord longitudinal reinforcement and the lower chord longitudinal reinforcement. A plurality of end stirrups are arranged at intervals along the length direction in the end areas, and the end stirrups connect the upper chord longitudinal reinforcement and the lower chord longitudinal reinforcement.
[0010] According to the above scheme, the oblique web reinforcement is zigzag-shaped; two oblique web reinforcements are cross-arranged between the two upper chord longitudinal reinforcements, and two oblique web reinforcements are cross-arranged between the two lower chord longitudinal reinforcements.
[0011] According to the above scheme, the interval between two adjacent positioning stirrups is greater than the interval between two adjacent end stirrups.
[0012] The utility model also provides a concrete beam, characterized in that it includes the steel truss as described above, and a prefabricated concrete layer and a cast-in-place concrete layer cast integrally with the steel truss; the ends of the upper chord longitudinal bars, the lower chord longitudinal bars and the middle longitudinal bars of the steel truss extend into the connection node with the main beam and are cast integrally with the concrete layer of the main beam.
[0013] According to the above scheme, the interval between two adjacent positioning stirrups in the composite steel frame is twice the height of the concrete beam.
[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the upper chord longitudinal bars and the lower chord longitudinal bars are the main stress-bearing steel bars for resisting bending of concrete beams. The present invention arranges a wavy, serrated or cross-serrated composite steel skeleton in the area with smaller shear force of the concrete beam while ensuring that the shear bearing capacity of the beam stirrups meets the requirements of the specifications, and optimizes the positioning stirrups in the composite steel skeleton, reduces the density of the positioning stirrups, and improves the overall stress-bearing performance of the steel truss. Compared with the existing technology, the amount of stirrups used is greatly reduced, and the construction cost is reduced. The composite steel skeleton, steel truss and concrete beams in the present invention can all be prefabricated in factories, with a high degree of industrialization, and are particularly suitable for industrialized mass production, which is conducive to achieving the goals of low carbon, high efficiency and saving engineering costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of Example 1.
[0016] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of Example 2.
[0017] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of Example 3.
[0018] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of Example 4.
[0019] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of Example 5.
[0020] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of Example 6.
[0021] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of Example 7.
[0022] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of Example 8.
[0023] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of Example 9.
[0024] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of Example 10.
[0025] Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of Example 11.
[0026] Figure 12 This is a structural diagram of Example 12.
[0027] Figure 13 for Figure 7 AA schematic diagram.
[0028] Figure markings: 1-frame column; 2-upper chord longitudinal reinforcement; 3-lower chord longitudinal reinforcement; 4-middle longitudinal reinforcement; 5-fixed stirrups; 6-diagonal web reinforcement; 7-positioning stirrups; 8-precast concrete layer; 9-cast-in-place concrete layer; 10-end stirrups; 11-main beam; 12-transition stirrups. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0030] Example 1
[0031] like Figure 1 A steel truss shown is used in a concrete beam whose ends are connected to the main beam 11; the steel truss includes upper chord longitudinal bars 2, lower chord longitudinal bars 3, end stirrups 10 and a composite steel skeleton; the upper chord longitudinal bars 2 have at least two bars, which are horizontally spaced apart at the top; the lower chord longitudinal bars 3 are parallel to the upper chord longitudinal bars 2, and there are at least two lower chord longitudinal bars 3, which are horizontally spaced apart at the bottom; the middle part of the steel truss (that is, the middle part of the upper chord longitudinal bars 2 and the lower chord longitudinal bars 3) is the central area, and the composite steel skeleton is arranged in the central area and is connected to the upper chord longitudinal bars 2 and the lower chord longitudinal bars 3 respectively.
[0032] In the present invention, the composite steel frame is symmetrically or antisymmetrically arranged in the middle of the entire steel truss; the composite steel frame is tied and fixed to the upper chord longitudinal bars 2 and the lower chord longitudinal bars 3 at the intersection. In the present invention, two upper chord longitudinal bars 2 and two lower chord longitudinal bars 3 are provided.
[0033] Preferably, the composite steel skeleton includes diagonal web reinforcement 6 and positioning stirrups 7; there are four diagonal web reinforcements 6, which are arranged throughout the length between the upper chord longitudinal reinforcement 2 and the lower chord longitudinal reinforcement 3 in the central area, as well as on the outside of the upper chord longitudinal reinforcement 2 and the lower chord longitudinal reinforcement 3 (specifically located at the upper part of the upper chord longitudinal reinforcement 2 and the lower part of the lower chord longitudinal reinforcement 3); each diagonal web reinforcement 6, upper chord longitudinal reinforcement 2 and lower chord longitudinal reinforcement 3 are connected by positioning stirrups 6 arranged at intervals along the length direction of the steel truss to form a steel cage surrounded by four sides.
[0034] Preferably, the diagonal web reinforcements 6 at both ends of the composite steel frame are connected by fixed stirrups 5, and transition stirrups 12 are provided on the outside of the fixed stirrups 5 (specifically, on the outside along the length direction of the steel truss), and the transition stirrups 12 connect the upper chord longitudinal reinforcement 2 and the lower chord longitudinal reinforcement 3.
[0035] In this embodiment, two fixed stirrups 5 are respectively provided at both ends of the composite steel frame, and the fixed stirrups 5 are fixedly connected to the upper chord longitudinal reinforcement 2, the lower chord longitudinal reinforcement 3 and the diagonal web reinforcement 6; the transition stirrups 12 are arranged at intervals in the transition area, and the transition area is located outside the central area; the transition stirrups 12 are tied and fixed to the upper chord longitudinal reinforcement 2 and the lower chord longitudinal reinforcement 3.
[0036] Preferably, the steel truss is further provided with a middle longitudinal reinforcement 4 , both ends of which are flush with the upper chord longitudinal reinforcement 2 and the lower chord longitudinal reinforcement 3 respectively; the middle longitudinal reinforcement 4 is located between the upper chord longitudinal reinforcement 2 and the lower chord longitudinal reinforcement 3 .
[0037] In the present invention, at least two middle longitudinal bars 4 are provided and arranged side by side; the middle longitudinal bars 4 , the upper chord longitudinal bars 2 and the lower chord longitudinal bars 3 are all connected by end stirrups 10 , fixed stirrups 5 and transition stirrups 12 .
[0038] In this embodiment, the oblique web reinforcement 6 is wavy in shape. There are four oblique web reinforcements 6, two of which are arranged parallel to each other between the upper and lower longitudinal chords. The crests of these two oblique web reinforcements 6 are connected to the upper longitudinal chord 2, and the troughs are connected to the lower longitudinal chord 3. A diagonal web reinforcement 6 is provided between the two upper longitudinal chords 2, and its crests and troughs are respectively connected to the two upper longitudinal chords 6. A diagonal web reinforcement 6 is provided between the two lower longitudinal chords 3, and its crests and troughs are respectively connected to the two lower longitudinal chords 3. The four oblique web reinforcements 6, the upper longitudinal chords 2, and the lower longitudinal chords 3 form a steel cage enclosed on all four sides. The oblique web reinforcements 6 are tied and secured to the upper longitudinal chord 2, the lower longitudinal chord 3, and the positioning stirrups 7.
[0039] Preferably, the positioning stirrups 7 are evenly arranged along the oblique web reinforcement 6 , and the arrangement interval is one wave cycle of the oblique web reinforcement 6 .
[0040] Example 2
[0041] like Figure 2 A steel truss shown is used in a concrete beam connected to a frame column 1, including the structure described in Example 1, and is further provided with end areas at both ends of the upper chord longitudinal reinforcement 2 and the lower chord longitudinal reinforcement 3, respectively. A plurality of end stirrups 10 are arranged at intervals along the length direction in the end areas, and the end stirrups 10 connect the upper chord longitudinal reinforcement 2 and the lower chord longitudinal reinforcement 3.
[0042] In this embodiment, the end area is the stirrup reinforcement densification area; the transition area is the junction area between the end area and the central area.
[0043] Preferably, the steel truss is further provided with a middle longitudinal reinforcement 4 , both ends of which are flush with the upper chord longitudinal reinforcement 2 and the lower chord longitudinal reinforcement 3 respectively; the middle longitudinal reinforcement 4 is located between the upper chord longitudinal reinforcement 2 and the lower chord longitudinal reinforcement 3 .
[0044] In this embodiment, there are two middle longitudinal bars 4 arranged side by side; the middle longitudinal bar 4 , the upper chord longitudinal bar 2 and the lower chord longitudinal bar 3 are all connected by end stirrups 10 , fixed stirrups 5 and transition stirrups 12 .
[0045] In this embodiment, the interval between two adjacent positioning stirrups 7 is greater than the interval between two adjacent end stirrups 10 .
[0046] Example 3
[0047] like Figure 3 The steel truss shown is different from the first embodiment only in the shape of the oblique web reinforcement 6. In this embodiment, the oblique web reinforcement 6 is serrated.
[0048] Example 4
[0049] like Figure 4 The steel truss shown is different from the second embodiment only in the shape of the oblique web reinforcement 6. In this embodiment, the oblique web reinforcement 6 is serrated.
[0050] Example 5
[0051] like Figure 5 The steel truss shown is different from the third embodiment only in that: in this embodiment, two oblique web reinforcements 6 are arranged crosswise between the two upper chord longitudinal reinforcements 2, and the crest positions and trough positions of these two oblique web reinforcements 6 are respectively connected to the two upper chord longitudinal reinforcements 2; and two oblique web reinforcements 6 are arranged crosswise between the two lower chord longitudinal reinforcements 3, and the crest positions and trough positions of these two oblique web reinforcements 6 are respectively connected to the two lower chord longitudinal reinforcements 3.
[0052] Example 6
[0053] like Figure 6 The steel truss shown is different from the fourth embodiment only in that in this embodiment, two oblique web reinforcements 6 are cross-arranged between the two upper chord longitudinal reinforcements 2 , and two oblique web reinforcements 6 are cross-arranged between the two lower chord longitudinal reinforcements 3 .
[0054] A concrete beam connected to a main beam 11 includes a steel truss, and a prefabricated concrete layer 8 and a cast-in-place concrete layer 9 cast integrally with the steel truss; the ends of the upper chord longitudinal bars 2, the lower chord longitudinal bars 3 and the middle longitudinal bars 4 of the steel truss extend into the connection node with the main beam 11 and are cast integrally with the concrete layer of the main beam 11.
[0055] Preferably, the interval between two adjacent positioning stirrups 7 in the composite steel frame is 2h, where h is the height of the concrete beam; that is, the interval between two adjacent positioning stirrups 7 is twice the height of the concrete beam; the length of the transition area is h, and the interval between the fixed stirrups 5 at the ends of the composite steel frame is 0.5h.
[0056] Example 7
[0057] like Figure 7 and Figure 13 A concrete beam connected to the main beam 11 shown includes: Figure 1 The steel truss shown, as well as the prefabricated concrete layer 8 and the cast-in-place concrete layer 9 cast integrally with the steel truss; the ends of the upper chord longitudinal bars 2, the lower chord longitudinal bars 3 and the middle longitudinal bars 4 of the steel truss extend into the connection node with the main beam 11 and are cast integrally with the concrete layer of the main beam 11.
[0058] Preferably, the spacing between two adjacent positioning stirrups 7 within the composite steel skeleton is 2h, where h is the height of the concrete beam; that is, the spacing between two adjacent positioning stirrups 7 is twice the height of the concrete beam. In this embodiment, the length of the transition region is h, and the spacing between the fixed stirrups 5 at the ends of the composite steel skeleton is 0.5h.
[0059] Example 8
[0060] like Figure 8 A concrete beam connected to a frame column 1 as shown, comprising Figure 2 The steel truss shown, as well as the prefabricated concrete layer 8 and the cast-in-place concrete layer 9 cast integrally with the steel truss; the ends of the upper chord longitudinal bars 2, the lower chord longitudinal bars 3 and the middle longitudinal bars 4 of the steel truss extend into the connection nodes with the frame columns 1 and are cast integrally with the concrete layer of the frame columns 1.
[0061] Embodiment 9
[0062] like Figure 9The concrete beam connected to the main beam 11 shown is different from the embodiment 7 only in that the steel truss used is the steel truss described in the embodiment 3.
[0063] Example 10
[0064] like Figure 10 The concrete beam connected to the frame column 1 shown is different from the eighth embodiment only in that the steel truss used in this embodiment is the steel truss shown in the fourth embodiment.
[0065] Example 11
[0066] like Figure 11 The concrete beam connected to the main beam 11 shown is different from the ninth embodiment only in that the steel truss used in this embodiment is the steel truss shown in the fifth embodiment.
[0067] Example 12
[0068] like Figure 12 The concrete beam connected to the frame column 1 shown is different from the embodiment 10 only in that the steel truss used in this embodiment is the steel truss shown in the embodiment 5.
[0069] In embodiments 7 to 12, the precast concrete layer 8 can be cast on site together with the cast-in-place concrete layer 9 during the construction process, or can be precast in a precast yard; the precast concrete layer 8 can be precast with the steel truss in the precast yard to form a precast concrete beam.
[0070] In the present invention, the upper chord longitudinal reinforcement 2 and the lower chord longitudinal reinforcement 3 are the main stress-bearing reinforcements for the concrete beam to resist bending.
[0071] In the present invention, the end stirrups 10, transition stirrups 12, and fixed stirrups 5 are all conventional ordinary stirrups, which are arranged in the areas at both ends of the beam. For frame beams, the ordinary stirrup arrangement range is the stirrup densification area (i.e., the end area) + 1.5 times the beam height; for non-frame beams, the ordinary stirrup arrangement range is 1.5 times the beam height. The ordinary stirrup arrangement range is differentiated according to frame beams and non-frame beams. While ensuring that the shear bearing capacity of the beam meets the requirements of the specification, the stirrup arrangement in the area with smaller shear force is optimized in a targeted manner, thereby reasonably improving the integrity and economy of the beam reinforcement cage.
[0072] In the present invention, the diagonal web reinforcement 6 is arranged in the middle area of the beam. The transition stirrups 12 are arranged in the transition area. The arrangement of the transition area can avoid the formation of shear-weak parts in the beam at the junction of the stirrups, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of the shear capacity of the beam. The waveform period of the diagonal web reinforcement 6 is about twice the height of the beam. The uniform arrangement of the diagonal web reinforcement 6 is conducive to binding prefabrication, and is also conducive to uniform force on the beam, and the bearing capacity of steel bars and concrete materials is fully exerted. The positioning stirrups 7 fix the diagonal web reinforcement 6 in the middle area, and the positioning stirrups 7 are evenly arranged along the diagonal web reinforcement 6, with an arrangement spacing of one waveform period of the diagonal web reinforcement 6. The uniform arrangement of the positioning stirrups 7 is conducive to binding prefabrication.
[0073] In the present invention, the steel truss composed of the upper chord longitudinal reinforcement 2, the lower chord longitudinal reinforcement 3, the middle longitudinal reinforcement 4, and the composite steel frame can be prefabricated in the prefabrication yard and then directly sent to the project site; the prefabricated concrete layer 8 can also be prefabricated and then sent to the site after the prefabricated concrete beam is formed, and the cast-in-place concrete layer 9 is installed and poured on site. Engineering personnel can flexibly choose the prefabrication plan according to actual needs and convenience.
[0074] The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.
[0075] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A steel truss, characterized in that: The steel truss comprises an upper chord longitudinal bar, a lower chord longitudinal bar, end stirrups and a composite steel skeleton; the upper chord longitudinal bars are provided in at least two pieces, horizontally spaced apart at the top; the lower chord longitudinal bars are parallel to the upper chord longitudinal bars, and at least two pieces, horizontally spaced apart at the bottom; the middle of the steel truss is a central area, and the composite steel skeleton is provided in the central area, and the composite steel skeleton is connected to the upper chord longitudinal bars and the lower chord longitudinal bars respectively; The composite steel cage includes oblique web reinforcement and positioning stirrups; the oblique web reinforcement is arranged between the upper and lower chord longitudinal reinforcements in the central area and on the outside of the upper and lower chord longitudinal reinforcements; the oblique web reinforcements, upper and lower chord longitudinal reinforcements are connected by positioning stirrups arranged at intervals along the length of the steel truss, forming a steel cage enclosed on all four sides; The diagonal web reinforcements at both ends of the composite steel skeleton are connected by fixed stirrups; transition stirrups are provided on the outside of the fixed stirrups, connecting the upper chord longitudinal reinforcement and the lower chord longitudinal reinforcement; end regions are provided at both ends of the upper chord longitudinal reinforcement and the lower chord longitudinal reinforcement, and multiple end stirrups are provided in the end regions at intervals along the length direction, connecting the upper chord longitudinal reinforcement and the lower chord longitudinal reinforcement; Two oblique web reinforcements are cross-set between the two upper chord longitudinal reinforcements, and two oblique web reinforcements are cross-set between the two lower chord longitudinal reinforcements.
2. The steel truss according to claim 1, wherein: The oblique abdominal ribs are wavy or zigzag in shape.
3. The steel bar truss according to claim 1, wherein: The steel truss is further provided with a middle longitudinal reinforcement, the two ends of which are respectively flush with the upper chord longitudinal reinforcement and the lower chord longitudinal reinforcement; the middle longitudinal reinforcement is located between the upper chord longitudinal reinforcement and the lower chord longitudinal reinforcement.
4. The steel bar truss according to claim 3, characterized in that: The interval between two adjacent positioning stirrups is greater than the interval between two adjacent end stirrups.
5. A concrete beam, characterized in that: It comprises the steel truss as described in claim 3, and a prefabricated concrete layer and a cast-in-place concrete layer cast integrally with the steel truss; the ends of the upper chord longitudinal bars, lower chord longitudinal bars and middle longitudinal bars of the steel truss extend into the connection nodes with the main beam and are cast integrally with the concrete layer of the main beam.
6. The concrete beam according to claim 5, characterized in that: The interval between two adjacent positioning stirrups in the composite steel frame is twice the height of the concrete beam.