Underbody acoustic acquisition device for railway vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to a railway vehicle underbody acoustics acquisition device, belongs to the technical field of railway traffic vehicle detection equipment, and solves the technical problem that the analysis accuracy of sound signals is influenced due to the interference of airflow on the acquired sound signals in the running process of the current railway vehicle. The railway vehicle underbody acoustics acquisition device comprises an acquisition box and an air deflector, the acquisition box is installed on a ballast bed and located between two steel rails, and the acquisition box is used for acquiring sound generated in the running process of a vehicle; the air guide plate is mounted on the ballast bed and located between the two steel rails, and the air guide plate is located above the collection box so as to prevent airflow from colliding with the collection box. Therefore, according to the railway vehicle underbody acoustics acquisition device, the interference of the airflow generated in the vehicle running process on the acquired sound signals is reduced through the air guide plate, and then the accuracy of sound signal analysis is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of rail transit vehicle detection equipment, and in particular relates to an acoustic collection device for the bottom of a rail vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Bearings are key components in the running gear of rail vehicles, playing a crucial role in their operation, much like joints in the human body. As rail vehicle speeds and frequencies continue to increase, bearings in components such as motors, reducers, and axleboxes are subject to increasingly severe loads. Bearings often suffer from wear, erosion, and deformation during continuous use. In severe cases, these damage can lead to bearing disassembly, resulting in vehicle failures and potentially accidents.

[0003] During normal operation, rail vehicles generate relatively stable acoustic signals. However, when a bearing failure occurs, the initial manifestation is vibration during operation, increasing internal impact, and gradually developing abnormal noise, transmitting an abnormal acoustic signal. By collecting and analyzing the sound generated by the vehicle during operation, abnormal faults in various parts can be detected, allowing targeted repairs to ensure vehicle safety.

[0004] Currently, there are some devices that collect sound signals from under vehicles. Usually, some microphone arrays are directly arranged in the center of the track to collect the sound of the vehicle passing by. However, due to the high speed of the airflow carried by the vehicle, it will generate a lot of noise on the microphone array device, causing significant interference to the collected sound signals, making data analysis difficult and affecting accuracy. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model provides a rail vehicle bottom acoustic collection device, which is used to solve the technical problem that the airflow during the running of the rail vehicle interferes with the collected sound signals and affects the accuracy of the sound signal analysis.

[0006] The utility model is realized through the following technical solution: a rail vehicle bottom acoustic collection device, comprising a collection box and an air deflector, wherein the collection box is installed on the roadbed and located between two steel rails, and the collection box is used to collect the sound generated by the vehicle during driving; the air deflector is installed on the roadbed and located between the two steel rails, and the air deflector is located above the collection box to prevent the airflow from colliding with the collection box.

[0007] Optionally, the air guide plate includes a fixed plate, a first plate body and a second plate body, wherein there are two fixed plates in total, one end of the two fixed plates is installed on the track bed, and the two fixed plates are arranged on both sides of the collection box, and the two fixed plates are arranged along the extension direction of the rail; there are two first plates in total, one end of the two first plates is respectively installed on the end of the two fixed plates away from the track bed, and the other end extends toward the collection box, and the distance between the two first plates gradually decreases from the end of the first plate body close to the fixed plate to the end away from the fixed plate; the two ends of the second plate body are respectively installed on the end of the two first plates away from the fixed plate.

[0008] Optionally, a collection window is provided on the second plate.

[0009] Optionally, the collection box includes a box body, a microphone and a dust cover, and the box body is installed between the two fixed plates; the microphone is installed in the box body to collect the sound generated during the movement of the rail vehicle; a sound receiving port is opened on the top of the box body, and the dust cover covers the sound receiving port.

[0010] Optionally, a driving member is further included, which is installed in the box body and connected to the dust cover to drive the dust cover to open and close the sound receiving port.

[0011] Optionally, the driving member includes a bracket, a roller and a motor, wherein the bracket is mounted on the dust cover and is located in the box body; the roller is mounted on one side of the bracket, a guide groove is provided in the box body, and the roller is mounted in the guide groove; the guide groove includes a first section and a second section, the first section extends in a direction perpendicular to the rail, the second section is located at one end of the first section and is connected to the first section, and the distance between the second section and the bottom of the box body gradually decreases from one end of the second section close to the first section to the other end; the motor is mounted in the box body and is transmission-connected to the bracket to drive the bracket to move along the guide groove.

[0012] Optionally, an adjustment frame is further included, which is installed on the roadbed and located between the two fixed plates. The box is installed on the adjustment frame, and the adjustment frame is used to adjust the height of the box.

[0013] Optionally, the adjustment frame includes a first bolt and a mounting plate, wherein the first bolt is installed on the road bed and is located between the two fixing plates; the mounting plate is bolted to the first bolt, and the box is installed on the mounting plate. The position of the mounting plate on the first bolt is adjusted to adjust the height of the box.

[0014] Optionally, it also includes a second bolt, a mounting bracket and a mounting piece, wherein the second bolt is installed on the road bed; the mounting bracket is installed on the second bolt, and the fixing plate is installed on the mounting bracket; a strip hole is opened on the mounting bracket, and the mounting piece is installed in the strip hole. The fixing plate is fixed to the mounting bracket through the mounting piece, and the position of the mounting piece in the strip hole is adjusted to adjust the height of the air guide plate.

[0015] Optionally, the first bolt and the second bolt are chemical bolts.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The utility model provides a rail vehicle underbody acoustic collection device comprising a collection box and an air deflector. The collection box is installed on the roadbed and located between two steel rails. The collection box is used to collect the sound generated by the vehicle during driving. The air deflector is installed on the roadbed and located between the two steel rails. The air deflector is located above the collection box to prevent the airflow from colliding with the collection box.

[0018] Through the above-mentioned structure, the present invention provides a rail vehicle underbody acoustic collection device. When the rail vehicle passes over a collection box, the collection box collects the sound signals generated during the rail vehicle's travel. The airflow carried by the passing vehicle slides along the surface of the air guide plate to prevent the airflow generated by the rail vehicle from directly colliding with the wall of the collection box, thereby reducing the sound generated by the collision between the airflow and the collection box, and further reducing the interference of the airflow generated during the rail vehicle's travel on the collected sound signals. Therefore, the rail vehicle underbody acoustic collection device reduces the interference of the airflow generated during the vehicle's travel on the collected sound signals through the air guide plate, thereby improving the accuracy of the sound signal analysis. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a rail vehicle bottom acoustic collection device provided by the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2-3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a collection box in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the driving member of the embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Cross-sectional view along AA direction;

[0024] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of area A in the middle.

[0025] In the picture:

[0026] 1-collection box; 101-box; 1011-sound receiving port; 102-microphone; 103-dust cover; 2-air guide plate; 21-fixing plate; 22-first plate; 23-second plate; 231-collection window; 4-driving member; 41-bracket; 42-roller; 43-guide groove; 431-first section; 432-second section; 44-motor; 5-adjusting frame; 51-first bolt; 52-mounting plate; 6-drive shaft; 7-drive belt; 8-clamping plate; 9-linear bearing; 10-second bolt; 11-mounting frame; 1101-strip hole; 12-mounting member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0028] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. Throughout this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0029] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementations obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Example

[0032] The utility model provides a rail vehicle undercarriage acoustic collection device, which is used to solve the technical problem that the airflow during the current rail vehicle running interferes with the collected sound signals, affecting the accuracy of the sound signal analysis. The rail vehicle undercarriage acoustic collection device includes a collection box 1 and an air deflector 2, wherein:

[0033] The collection box 1 is installed on the roadbed and is located between two rails to collect the sound signals generated by the rail vehicle when it is running, so as to analyze the sound signals and check for abnormal conditions of the vehicle. The collection box 1 is made of high-strength corrosion-resistant materials and has waterproof and dustproof properties to meet the needs of long-term outdoor operation. The installation position of the collection box 1 is selected away from rail joints, curves and other areas that are prone to additional noise interference to ensure that the collected sound signals are as pure as possible and reflect the actual state of the rail vehicle when it is running.

[0034] The wind guide plate 2 is installed on the roadbed between the two rails. The wind guide plate 2 is located above the collection box 1. The wind guide plate 2 can be made of lightweight and high-strength materials, such as aluminum alloy and other materials, to ensure sufficient structural strength and good wind resistance. In order to better guide the airflow, the wind guide plate 2 can be designed to be streamlined or curved to conform to the natural flow direction of the airflow, effectively disperse and guide the airflow, and reduce its direct impact on the collection box 1. When the rail vehicle passes by at high speed, the strong airflow generated is effectively guided and dispersed by the wind guide plate 2, avoiding the direct impact of the airflow on the collection box 1, reducing noise interference and mechanical vibration. At the same time, the wind guide plate 2 can also block pollutants such as dust and impurities in the air from falling into the collection box 1 to a certain extent, maintain the cleanliness of the collection environment, and improve the collection quality of the sound signal.

[0035] Through the above structure, the present invention provides a rail vehicle underbody acoustic collection device that collects sound signals generated during the travel of the rail vehicle. When the rail vehicle passes over the collection box 1, the collection box 1 collects the sound signals generated during the travel of the rail vehicle. The airflow carried by the passing vehicle slides along the surface of the air guide plate 2 to prevent the airflow generated during the travel of the rail vehicle from directly colliding with the wall of the collection box 1, thereby reducing the sound generated by the collision of the airflow with the collection box 1, and further reducing the interference of the airflow generated during the travel of the rail vehicle on the collected sound signals. Therefore, the rail vehicle underbody acoustic collection device reduces the interference of the airflow generated during the travel of the rail vehicle on the collected sound signals through the air guide plate 2, thereby improving the accuracy of the sound signal analysis.

[0036] An optional implementation of this embodiment is as follows: the air guide plate 2 includes a fixed plate 21, a first plate body 22 and a second plate body 23, wherein the fixed plates 21 are provided with two pieces, one end of each of the two fixed plates 21 is installed on the roadbed, and the two fixed plates 21 are respectively located on both sides of the collection box 1, and the two fixed plates 21 are arranged along the extension direction of the rail, that is, when the rail vehicle moves along the track, when the rail vehicle moves along the track, the rail vehicle will pass over the two fixed plates 21 in succession; the first plate body 22 is provided with two pieces, one end of the two first plate bodies 22 is respectively installed on the end of the two fixed plates 21 away from the roadbed, and the other end is installed on the end close to the collection box The two first plates 22 extend in the direction of the collecting box 1, and the distance between the two first plates 22 gradually decreases from the end of the first plate 22 close to the fixed plate 21 to the end away from the fixed plate 21. When the rail vehicle moves along the track, the airflow generated by the movement of the rail vehicle is first blocked by the two fixed plates 21, and then guided to the direction away from the collecting box 1 along the inclined surface of the first plate 22, thereby reducing the direct impact of the airflow on the collecting box 1; the two ends of the second plate 23 are respectively installed on the end of the two first plates 22 away from the fixed plate 21. The second plate 23 further reduces the impact of the airflow on the collecting box 1, protects the collecting box 1, and improves the collection quality of the sound signal.

[0037] An optional implementation of this embodiment is as follows: a collection window 231 is provided on the second plate body 23, and the collection window 231 is used for the collection box 1 to better receive sound signals. The size and position of the collection window 231 should be determined according to actual usage requirements to ensure that the collection box 1 can normally collect the sound signals generated by the rail vehicle when it is running, while reducing the direct impact of the airflow on the collection box 1. The design of the air guide plate 2 of this embodiment not only effectively blocks and disperses the airflow through the combined structure of the fixed plate 21, the first plate body 22 and the second plate body 23, but also ensures the smooth collection of sound signals by providing the collection window 231 on the second plate body 23, and further enhances the protective effect of the air guide plate 2 on the collection box 1.

[0038] An optional implementation of this embodiment is as follows: the collection box 1 includes a box body 101, a microphone 101 and a dust cover 103, wherein the box body 101 is installed between two fixed plates 21; the interior of the box body 101 provides an installation space for the microphone 101, and the microphone 101 is installed in the box body 101 to collect sound signals during track travel. The box body 101 ensures that the microphone 101 can work stably and is not interfered with by the external environment. It is responsible for capturing various sound signals generated during track travel and providing an accurate data source for subsequent sound analysis and processing. In order to better capture the sound, a high-sensitivity, low-noise microphone 101 array can be integrated inside the box body 101, which can capture the sound signals generated during the travel of the rail vehicle in all directions. The sound signals include but Not limited to wheel-rail contact sound, bearing operation sound, brake sound, etc., the collected sound signals are amplified and filtered by an amplifier, converted into digital signals by an analog-to-digital converter, and subjected to preliminary noise suppression and enhancement processing to improve signal quality. The processed sound data is transmitted to the back-end analysis system in real time by wired or wireless means for further analysis and processing. Collecting and processing the sounds generated by the running of train vehicles is common knowledge among those skilled in the art, so it will not be repeated here; a sound receiving port 1011 is provided on the top of the box body 101, and a dust cover 103 is covered on the sound receiving port 1011, and the dust cover 103 is cleverly covered on the sound receiving port 1011. When sound collection is not needed, the dust cover 103 can be covered to protect the microphone 101 and the cleanliness of the inside of the box body 101.

[0039] An optional implementation of this embodiment is as follows: In order to facilitate the opening and closing of the sound receiving port 1011, the rail vehicle underbody acoustic collection device also includes a driving member 4, which is installed in the box body 101 and is transmission-connected to the dust cover 103 to drive the dust cover 103 to open or close the sound receiving port 1011. Specifically, when sound reception is required, the driving member 4 drives the dust cover 103 to open the sound receiving port 1011. After the sound reception is completed, the dust cover 103 closes the sound receiving port 1011 to prevent dust or rainwater outside the box body 101 from entering the interior of the box body 101, thereby protecting the microphone 101 and the cleanliness of the interior of the box body 101.

[0040] An optional implementation of this embodiment is as follows: the driving member 4 includes a bracket 41, a roller 42 and a motor 44, wherein:

[0041] The bracket 41 is mounted on a side of the dust cover 103 close to the inner side of the box body 101 , and the bracket 41 is located inside the box body 101 .

[0042] The roller 42 is installed on one side of the bracket 41 to provide smooth movement when the dust cover 103 is opened and closed. A guide groove 43 is provided in the box body 101, and the roller 42 is installed in the guide groove 43 to guide the dust cover 103 when it moves.

[0043] Specifically, the guide groove 43 includes a first section 431 and a second section 432. The first section 431 extends in a direction perpendicular to the rail to provide a path for the translation of the dust cover 103. The second section 432 is located at one end of the first section 431 and is connected to the first section 431. The distance between the second section 432 and the bottom of the box body 101 gradually decreases from the end of the second section 432 close to the first section 431 to the end close to the bottom of the box body 101. When the dust cover 103 is in a closed state, the roller 42 is located at the end of the second section 432 away from the first section 431. When the dust cover 103 needs to be opened, the roller 42 moves from the second section 432 to the bottom of the box body 101. The second section 432 moves from one end of the first section 431 toward the end of the first section 431. During this movement, the dust cover 103 moves parallel to the first section 431, gradually extending out of the sound receiving opening 1011. Subsequently, the roller 42 continues to move along the first section 431 away from the second section 432, allowing the dust cover 103 to open the sound receiving opening 1011. Because the collection box 1 is installed between two rails, to avoid disrupting the normal passage of rail vehicles, this embodiment utilizes the movement path of the guide slot 43 and the roller 42 to not only effectively open and close the dust cover 103 but also significantly reduce space usage.

[0044] The motor 44 is installed in the box 101 and is connected to the bracket 41 to drive the bracket 41 to move along the guide groove 43. The motor 44 serves as a power source and is responsible for driving the bracket 41 to move along the guide groove 43. Specifically, in this embodiment, the motor 44 drives the transmission shaft 6 to rotate by means of belt transmission or gear transmission. A transmission belt 7 is installed at one end of the transmission shaft 6. The transmission belt 7 serves as a transmission method and can convert the rotation of the motor 44 into a linear movement of the bracket 41. One end of the splint 8 is installed on the transmission belt 7, and the other end is installed on the bracket 41 through a linear bearing 9. When the motor 44 is started, it drives the transmission shaft 6 to rotate, thereby causing the transmission belt 7 to start moving, and the transmission belt 7 The movement of will drive the splint 8 to move. Since the splint 8 is connected to the bracket 41, the bracket 41 will also move along the guide groove 43. The movement of the bracket 41 will further drive the opening and closing of the dust cover 103. When the motor 44 rotates forward, the dust cover 103 is opened; when the motor 44 reverses, the dust cover 103 is closed. In order to better drive the dust cover 103, transmission belts 7 are installed at both ends of the transmission shaft 6 and are connected to the bracket 41 through the splint 8 and the linear bearing 9. The transmission shaft 6 rotates, and the transmission belts 7 at both ends start to move at the same time. This can provide a more balanced and stable driving force to ensure that the bracket 41 and the dust cover 103 remain stable during the movement.

[0045] An optional implementation of this embodiment is as follows: In order to facilitate the adjustment of the height of the collection box 1, the rail vehicle underbody acoustic collection device also includes an adjustment frame 5, which is installed on the roadbed between the two fixed plates 21. The box 101 is installed on the adjustment frame 5. The height of the box 101 is adjusted to meet different collection requirements. After the height adjustment of the box 101 is completed, the box 101 is firmly locked to ensure stable data collection.

[0046] An optional implementation of this embodiment is as follows: the adjustment frame 5 includes a first bolt 51 and a mounting plate 52, wherein the first bolt 51 is installed on the roadbed and is located between the two fixing plates 21; the first bolt 51 of the mounting plate 52 is connected to the first bolt 51, and the box 101 is installed on the mounting plate 52, and a threaded hole matching the first bolt 51 is preset on the mounting plate 52. By rotating the nut on the mounting plate 52 or the head of the first bolt 51, the mounting plate 52 can be easily moved up and down on the first bolt 51, and the mounting plate 52 is fastened to the first bolt 51 by the nut, and the box 101 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 52. The vertical position of the mounting plate 52 on the first bolt 51 is changed by rotating the head of the first bolt 51 or adjusting the position of the nut. When the box 101 reaches the required height, the nut is tightened to lock the position of the mounting plate 52, thereby ensuring that the box 101 is stable and motionless.

[0047] An optional implementation of this embodiment is as follows: In order to facilitate changing the height of the air deflector 2, the rail vehicle underbody acoustic collection device further includes a second bolt 10, a mounting bracket 11 and a mounting member 12, wherein the second bolt 10 is firmly mounted on the roadbed. The number of the second bolts 10 is at least two, and they are respectively mounted on both sides of the collection box 1 to ensure the stability and balance of the collection box 1. The number of the mounting bracket 11 is two, and they are respectively mounted on the second bolts 10 on both sides of the collection box 1. The mounting bracket 11 serves as an intermediate component connecting the air deflector 2, and plays a supporting and fixing role. The mounting bracket 11 is provided with a groove perpendicular to the second plate. The strip hole 1101 in the direction of the body 23, the mounting piece 12 is installed in the strip hole 1101 on the mounting frame 11, the air guide plate 2 is installed on the mounting frame 11 and is fixed by the mounting piece 12, which makes the height of the air guide plate 2 adjustable within a certain range. When the height of the air guide plate 2 needs to be adjusted, it is only necessary to simply adjust the position of the mounting piece 12 in the strip hole 1101 to achieve the adjustment of the height of the air guide plate 2. The mounting frame 11 can be a bolt, a clip, etc. to meet the needs of fixing and supporting the air guide plate 2. In this embodiment, there are 4 second bolts in total, and each mounting frame 11 is fixed by two second bolts 10.

[0048] An optional implementation of this embodiment is as follows: the first bolt 51 and the second bolt 10 are chemical bolts, which have high strength and reliable anchoring performance, thereby ensuring the stability and load-bearing capacity of the mounting frame 11.

[0049] In summary, through the above structure, the utility model provides a rail vehicle bottom acoustic collection device. When collecting sound signals generated during the running of the rail vehicle, the vertical position of the mounting plate 52 on the first bolt 51 is changed by rotating the head of the first bolt 51 or adjusting the position of the nut. When the box body 101 reaches the required height, the nut is tightened to lock the position of the mounting plate 52. The rail vehicle passes over the collection box 1, and the motor 44 drives the dust cover 103 to move in a direction parallel to the first section 431 and gradually extends out of the sound receiving port 1011. Subsequently, the roller 42 continues to move along the first section 431 in a direction away from the second section 432, so that the dust cover 103 opens and closes. The microphone array 101 inside the box 101 captures the sound signals generated during the movement of the rail vehicle through the sound receiving port 1011 and the collection window 231. The airflow carried by the vehicle when it passes is directed along the inclined surface of the first plate 22 in a direction away from the collection box 1, thereby reducing the direct impact of the airflow on the collection box 1. The two ends of the second plate 23 are respectively installed on the ends of the two first plates 22 away from the fixed plate 21. The second plate 23 further reduces the impact of the airflow on the collection box 1, protects the collection box 1, and improves the quality of sound signal collection. After the collection is completed, the dust cover 103 closes the sound receiving port 1011 to protect the microphone 101 and the cleanliness of the interior of the box 101. Therefore, the rail vehicle undercarriage acoustic collection device reduces the interference of the airflow generated during the vehicle's movement on the collected sound signals through the air guide plate 2, thereby improving the accuracy of the sound signal analysis.

[0050] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A rail vehicle bottom acoustic collection device, characterized in that: include: A collection box is installed on the roadbed and located between two rails. The collection box is used to collect the sound generated by the vehicle during driving; An air deflector is installed on the roadbed and located between the two rails. The air deflector is located above the collection box to prevent the airflow from colliding with the collection box.

2. The rail vehicle bottom acoustic collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air guide plate comprises: Two fixing plates, one end of which is mounted on the roadbed and is disposed on both sides of the collection box, the two fixing plates being arranged along the extension direction of the rail; Two first plates, one end of each of the first plates being mounted on one end of each of the two fixing plates away from the track bed, and the other end of each of the first plates extending toward the collection box, wherein the distance between the two first plates gradually decreases from the end of the first plate close to the fixing plate toward the end away from the fixing plate; The second plate body has two ends respectively mounted on ends of the two first plates away from the fixing plate.

3. The rail vehicle bottom acoustic collection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A collection window is provided on the second plate.

4. The rail vehicle bottom acoustic collection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The collection box includes: The box body is installed between the two fixing plates; A microphone is installed in the box to collect sounds generated by the rail vehicle during travel; A dustproof cover is provided on the top of the box body with a sound receiving opening, and the dustproof cover covers the sound receiving opening.

5. The rail vehicle bottom acoustic collection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: The driving component is installed in the box body and connected with the dust cover to drive the dust cover to open and close the sound receiving port.

6. The rail vehicle bottom acoustic collection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving member includes: a bracket, mounted on the dust cover and located inside the box; A roller is installed on one side of the bracket, a guide groove is provided in the box body, and the roller is installed in the guide groove; The guide groove includes a first section and a second section, the first section extending in a direction perpendicular to the rail, the second section being located at one end of the first section and connected to the first section, and the distance between the second section and the bottom of the box gradually decreasing from one end of the second section close to the first section to the other end; The motor is installed in the box and is transmission-connected with the bracket to drive the bracket to move along the guide groove.

7. The rail vehicle bottom acoustic collection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: An adjusting frame is installed on the roadbed and is located between the two fixing plates. The box body is installed on the adjusting frame, and the adjusting frame is used to adjust the height of the box body.

8. The rail vehicle bottom acoustic collection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adjustment frame comprises: A first bolt is installed on the track bed and is located between the two fixing plates; A mounting plate is mounted on the first bolt, and the box body is mounted on the mounting plate. The position of the mounting plate on the first bolt is adjusted to adjust the height of the box body.

9. The rail vehicle bottom acoustic collection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: a second bolt, mounted on the track bed; a mounting frame mounted on the second bolt, the fixing plate being mounted on the mounting frame; The mounting piece is provided with a strip hole on the mounting frame, the mounting piece is installed in the strip hole, the fixing plate is fixed to the mounting frame through the mounting piece, and the position of the mounting piece in the strip hole is adjusted to adjust the height of the air guide plate.

10. The rail vehicle bottom acoustic collection device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first bolt and the second bolt are chemical bolts.

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