Electrolysis device for producing hydrogen from seawater

Abstract

The utility model provides a seawater hydrogen production electrolysis device. The seawater hydrogen production electrolysis device comprises a sedimentation device, a filtering device, a hardness removal device, an electric separation device, a preheating device and an electrolysis device which are sequentially connected through pipelines, a first valve is arranged on the pipeline between the filtering device and the hardness removing device; a second valve is arranged on the pipeline between the hardness removal device and the electric separation device; the water inlet pipeline is connected to the sedimentation device; and the gas outlet pipeline is connected to the electrolysis device. According to the seawater hydrogen production electrolysis device, seawater can be directly utilized for electrolysis hydrogen production, the cost of pure water transportation can be saved, the cost of additionally arranging a water purification facility on the electrolysis device is avoided, the cost is reduced, harmful ingredients in the seawater can be removed before electrolysis, side reactions are reduced, the electrolysis efficiency is improved, and the water quality is improved. And the service life of the electrolysis device is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of electrolysis technology, and specifically relates to a seawater hydrogen production electrolysis device. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen production by water electrolysis primarily involves alkaline water electrolysis, solid oxide electrolysis, microbial electrolysis, and proton exchange membrane electrolysis. These technologies use freshwater (pure water or wastewater) as a solvent, adding a conductive substance to produce hydrogen. However, freshwater resources are extremely scarce globally, especially in my country. Therefore, developing seawater, which is abundant and accounts for 96.53% of Earth's water resources, and applying it to hydrogen electrolysis could bring significant economic returns and social significance.

[0003] The main components of seawater are: chloride ions (19.3 g / L), sulfate (2.7 g / L), magnesium ions (1.3 g / L), calcium ions (0.4 g / L), and other ions. Currently, most electrolysis processes for hydrogen production from seawater are based on sodium chloride systems, which contain high levels of chloride ions. However, the chloride ion electrolysis reaction produces large amounts of byproducts such as chlorine, hypochlorite, and chlorate, which affect the efficiency and stability of hydrogen production. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an electrolysis device that can produce hydrogen from seawater with higher efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to solve at least one of the above technical problems.

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a seawater electrolysis device for producing hydrogen.

[0006] In order to achieve the purpose of the utility model, the utility model provides a seawater hydrogen production electrolysis device, including a sedimentation device, a filtering device, a hardness removal device, an electrical separation device, a preheating device and an electrolysis device connected in sequence through pipelines; a first valve is provided on the pipeline between the filtering device and the hardness removal device; a second valve is provided on the pipeline between the hardness removal device and the electrical separation device; a water inlet pipeline is connected to the sedimentation device; and an air outlet pipeline is connected to the electrolysis device.

[0007] Compared with the existing technology, the technical effect achieved by adopting this technical solution is as follows: the seawater hydrogen production electrolysis device of the utility model includes a sedimentation device, a filtering device, a hardness removal device, an electric separation device, a preheating device and an electrolysis device which are connected in sequence through pipelines. The sedimentation device can remove large particles of solid impurities in seawater to avoid physical blockage or deposition on the electrode surface during the electrolysis process, affecting the electrolysis reaction and reducing the burden of subsequent processing; the filtering device can further remove tiny suspended matter and microorganisms in seawater that cannot be removed by sedimentation and are harmful to the electrolysis process; the hardness removal device can remove hardness ions such as calcium ions and magnesium ions in seawater that may be precipitated due to changes in local pH during the electrolysis process, thereby keeping the electrolysis reaction smooth and avoiding a reduction in electrolysis efficiency due to the formation of precipitates; the electric separation device can specifically remove The invention can remove specific ions in seawater and reduce the occurrence of side reactions, thereby improving the electrolysis efficiency and product purity; the preheating device can preheat the seawater to a certain temperature, which can increase the rate of the electrolysis reaction, thereby improving the overall electrolysis efficiency; the seawater pretreated by the above device finally enters the electrolysis device for electrolysis to produce hydrogen. The pretreatment step ensures that the electrolysis device can operate in the best state, extends the service life of the electrolysis device, and ensures the efficiency and stability of the electrolysis process; the seawater hydrogen production electrolysis device of the present invention can directly use seawater for electrolysis to produce hydrogen, which can save the cost of pure water transportation, avoid the cost of installing water purification facilities on the electrolysis device, reduce costs, remove harmful components in seawater before electrolysis, reduce the occurrence of side reactions, improve electrolysis efficiency, and extend the service life of the electrolysis device.

[0008] In the above technical features, the sedimentation device includes a centrifugal sedimentation device and a natural sedimentation device; the centrifugal sedimentation device and the natural sedimentation device are connected through a first connecting pipe; the centrifugal sedimentation device and the filtering device are connected through a first water supply pipe.

[0009] Compared with the existing technology, the technical effect achieved by adopting this technical solution is as follows: by simultaneously setting up a centrifugal sedimentation device and a natural sedimentation device, large particles of suspended matter in seawater can be settled out as much as possible, which can not only effectively remove most of the suspended matter and impurities, but also significantly improve the efficiency and stability of the subsequent electrolysis process; when the seawater quality is good, only centrifugal sedimentation can be carried out, and when the seawater quality is poor, natural sedimentation should be carried out first and then centrifugal sedimentation; the seawater after centrifugal sedimentation flows into the filtration device through the first water supply pipeline for subsequent treatment.

[0010] In any of the above technical features, the water inlet pipe includes a water inlet main pipe, a first water inlet pipe and a second water inlet pipe; the first water inlet pipe is connected to the centrifugal sedimentation device; the second water inlet pipe is connected to the natural sedimentation device; a third valve is provided at the connection between the water inlet main pipe, the first water inlet pipe and the second water inlet pipe.

[0011] Compared with the existing technology, the technical effect achieved by adopting this technical solution is as follows: the water inlet pipeline includes a water inlet main pipe, a first water inlet pipe and a second water inlet pipe, and a third valve is provided at the connection between the water inlet main pipe, the first water inlet pipe and the second water inlet pipe. The third valve can be adjusted according to the quality of seawater. When the quality is good, the third valve is adjusted to close the second water inlet pipe so that the water inlet main pipe is connected to the first water inlet pipe, so that the seawater directly enters the centrifugal sedimentation device; when the quality is poor, the third valve is adjusted to close the first water inlet pipe so that the water inlet main pipe is connected to the second water inlet pipe, so that the seawater first enters the natural sedimentation device for natural sedimentation, and then flows into the centrifugal sedimentation device through the first connecting pipe for centrifugal sedimentation. The connection is convenient and easy to implement.

[0012] In any of the above technical features, the filtering device includes a coarse filtration device and a fine filtration device; the coarse filtration device and the fine filtration device are connected by a second connecting pipe; the centrifugal sedimentation device is connected to the coarse filtration device through a first water supply pipe; and the fine filtration device is connected to the hardness removal device through a second water supply pipe.

[0013] Compared with the existing technology, the technical effect achieved by adopting this technical solution is: the filtration device can further remove tiny suspended matter and microorganisms in seawater that cannot be removed by sedimentation and are harmful to the electrolysis process. The coarse filtration device is used to filter larger suspended matter and microorganisms, and the fine filtration device is used to remove smaller suspended matter and microorganisms, thereby improving electrolysis efficiency, extending device life, reducing maintenance costs, ensuring hydrogen production quality, and reducing corrosion and other problems.

[0014] In any of the above technical features, the hardness removal device includes an ion exchange resin adsorption device and a nanofiltration filtration device; the ion exchange resin adsorption device and the nanofiltration filtration device are connected through a third connecting pipe; the ion exchange resin adsorption device and the electrical separation device are connected through a third water supply pipe.

[0015] Compared with the existing technology, the technical effect achieved by adopting this technical solution is as follows: the hardness removal device includes an ion exchange resin adsorption device and a nanofiltration filtration device. When the seawater quality is good, only ion exchange resin adsorption is performed. When the seawater quality is poor, nanofiltration is performed first, and then the seawater enters the ion exchange resin adsorption device through the third connecting pipe for ion exchange resin adsorption, and then enters the electrical separation device through the third water supply pipe for subsequent treatment; the hardness removal treatment is carried out by combining ion exchange resin adsorption and nanofiltration to remove the calcium and magnesium hardness ions of seawater, soften the seawater, and achieve the treatment liquid required for electrical separation water inlet.

[0016] In any of the above technical features, the second water supply pipeline includes a second water supply main pipeline, a second water supply branch pipeline one and a second water supply branch pipeline two; the second water supply branch pipeline one is connected to the ion exchange resin adsorption device; the second water supply branch pipeline two is connected to the nanofiltration filtration device; and the first valve is arranged at the connection between the second water supply main pipeline, the second water supply branch pipeline one and the second water supply branch pipeline two.

[0017] Compared with the existing technology, the technical effect achieved by adopting this technical solution is as follows: the second water supply pipeline includes a second water supply main pipeline, a second water supply branch pipeline one and a second water supply branch pipeline two, and the first valve is arranged at the connection of the second water supply main pipeline, the second water supply branch pipeline one and the second water supply branch pipeline two. All the seawater passing through the fine filtration device enters the second water supply main pipeline, and the first valve controls the second water supply main pipeline to be connected with the second water supply branch pipeline one or the second water supply branch pipeline two, so that when the quality is good, the seawater directly enters the ion exchange resin adsorption device for ion exchange resin adsorption. When the quality of the seawater is poor, it first enters the nanofiltration filtration device for nanofiltration, and then enters the ion exchange resin adsorption device for ion exchange resin adsorption, thereby further improving the quality of the seawater.

[0018] In any of the above technical features, the electrical separation device includes an electrical adsorption device and an electrodialysis device; the electrical adsorption device and the electrodialysis device are connected through a fourth connecting pipe; and the electrodialysis device and the preheating device are connected through a fourth water supply pipe.

[0019] Compared with the existing technology, the technical effect achieved by adopting this technical solution is as follows: the electric separation device includes an electric adsorption device and an electrodialysis device. When the seawater quality is good, only electrodialysis is performed. When the seawater quality is poor, electric adsorption is first performed, and then the seawater enters the electrodialysis device through the fourth connecting pipe for electrodialysis, and then enters the preheating device through the fourth water supply pipe for subsequent treatment; electric separation is an important pretreatment step before electrolysis of seawater, which can not only significantly improve the electrolysis efficiency and product purity, but also protect the electrolysis device, optimize operating conditions, and is beneficial to environmental protection.

[0020] In any of the above technical features, the third water supply pipeline includes a third water supply main pipeline, a third water supply branch pipeline one and a third water supply branch pipeline two; the third water supply branch pipeline one is connected to the electrodialysis device; the third water supply branch pipeline two is connected to the electric adsorption device; the second valve is arranged at the connection between the third water supply main pipeline, the third water supply branch pipeline one and the third water supply branch pipeline two.

[0021] Compared with the existing technology, the technical effect achieved by adopting this technical solution is as follows: the third water supply pipeline includes a third water supply main pipeline, a third water supply branch pipeline 1 and a third water supply branch pipeline 2, and the second valve is arranged at the connection of the third water supply main pipeline, the third water supply branch pipeline 1 and the third water supply branch pipeline 2. All the seawater passing through the ion exchange resin adsorption device enters the third water supply main pipeline, and the third valve controls the third water supply main pipeline to be connected with the third water supply branch pipeline 1 or the third water supply branch pipeline 2, so that the seawater can directly enter the electrodialysis device for electrodialysis treatment when the quality is good. When the quality of the seawater is poor, it first enters the electrosorption device for electrosorption treatment, and then enters the electrodialysis device for electrodialysis treatment, so as to further remove ions or compounds that are detrimental to the subsequent electrolysis process.

[0022] In any of the above technical features, the electrodialysis device includes an electrodialysis electrolyzer and a first DC power supply; the electrodialysis electrolyzer includes an electrode chamber frame, a first anode and a first cathode, and the first anode and the first cathode are respectively arranged on both sides of the electrodialysis electrolyzer; there are multiple electrode chamber frames, and the bottoms of two adjacent electrode chamber frames are respectively provided with a seawater inlet or an electrolyte inlet, and the tops are respectively provided with a seawater outlet or an electrolyte outlet; cationic membranes or anionic membranes are alternately arranged between two adjacent electrode chamber frames; a first sealing gasket is provided between the cationic membrane and the electrode chamber frame or between the anionic membrane and the electrode chamber frame.

[0023] Compared with the existing technology, the technical effect achieved by adopting this technical solution is as follows: the first DC power supply is evenly distributed between the first anode and the first cathode. Under the action of current, by setting multiple electrode chamber frames and cation membranes and anion membranes alternately arranged between the electrode chamber frames, cations and anions are effectively moved to opposite electrodes respectively. Sodium ions in sodium chloride in seawater migrate toward the cathode through the cation membrane, and sulfate ions migrate toward the anode through the anion membrane. Sodium ions and sulfate ions combine to form sodium sulfate, and the obtained solution mainly composed of sodium sulfate is used as the electrolyte for electrolytic hydrogen production.

[0024] In any of the above technical features, the electrolysis device includes an electrolytic cell and a second DC power supply; the electrolytic cell includes an electrode chamber frame, an anode chamber and a cathode chamber; a liquid inlet is provided at the bottom of the electrode chamber frame and a liquid outlet is provided at the top; a second anode is provided in the anode chamber and a second cathode is provided in the cathode chamber; a diaphragm is provided between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber; a second sealing gasket is provided between the anode chamber and the diaphragm, and between the cathode chamber and the diaphragm.

[0025] Compared with the existing technology, the technical effects achieved by adopting this technical solution are as follows: by arranging the second anode and the second cathode on both sides of the electrolytic cell respectively, the electrolysis current can be evenly distributed in the electrolytic cell, ensuring that seawater can be evenly and effectively decomposed into hydrogen; the cation membrane or the anion membrane is alternately arranged between two adjacent electrode chamber frames. This design can effectively separate different ions, so that cations and anions move to opposite electrodes respectively; the electrode chamber frame and the cation membrane and the anion membrane effectively isolate the direct contact between the anode and the cathode, reducing mutual corrosion and wear of the electrode materials, and improving the durability and safety of the equipment; a second sealing gasket is provided between the cation membrane and the electrode chamber frame or between the anion membrane and the electrode chamber frame, which can effectively prevent electrolyte leakage and avoid possible equipment damage and environmental pollution; by designing a seawater inlet or electrolyte inlet and a seawater outlet or electrolyte outlet, the flow of liquid during the electrolysis process can be conveniently controlled and monitored, the operating parameters can be adjusted in time, and the electrolysis effect can be optimized.

[0026] After adopting the technical solution of the utility model, the technical effects that can be achieved are as follows:

[0027] 1. The seawater hydrogen electrolysis device of this utility model adopts an ion exchange resin adsorption device and a nanofiltration device to remove hardness, effectively removing calcium, magnesium and other ions in seawater, and eliminating the secondary pollution problem of waste liquid;

[0028] 2. The seawater hydrogen production electrolysis device of the present invention uses a combination of an electric adsorption device and an electrodialysis device for electric separation, which can effectively separate chloride ions, sodium ions and sulfate ions;

[0029] 3. The seawater hydrogen production electrolysis device of the present invention produces an electrolyte with sodium sulfate as the main component through the treatment of a sedimentation device, a filtration device, a hardness removal device, and an electrical separation device, and produces hydrogen through the electrolysis of sodium sulfate solution, avoiding the side reaction effects caused by chloride ions in traditional seawater electrolysis hydrogen production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings to be used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the seawater hydrogen production electrolysis device of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electrodialysis cell structure of the seawater hydrogen production electrolysis device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the electrolytic cell structure of the seawater hydrogen production electrolysis device of the present invention;

[0034] Explanation of the accompanying symbols: 1-sedimentation device, 11, centrifugal sedimentation device, 12-natural sedimentation device, 13-water inlet pipe, 131-water inlet main pipe, 132-first water inlet pipe, 133-second water inlet pipe, 134-third valve, 135-first connecting pipe, 2-filtration device, 21-fine filtration device, 22-coarse filtration device, 231-first water pipeline, 232-second connecting pipe, 3-hardness removal device, 31-ion exchange resin adsorption device, 32-nanofiltration filtration device, 33-second water pipeline, 331-second water main pipe, 332-second water branch pipe one, 333-second water branch pipe two, 334-first valve, 335-third connecting pipe, 4-electrical separation device, 41-electric Dialysis device, 410-first anode, 411-first cathode, 412-first sealing gasket, 413-cationic membrane, 414-anionic membrane, 415-electrodialysis chamber frame, 416-seawater inlet, 417-seawater outlet, 418-electrolyte inlet, 419-electrolyte outlet, 42-electric adsorption device, 43-third water supply pipeline, 431-third water supply main pipe, 432-third water supply branch pipeline one, 433-third water supply branch pipeline two, 434-second valve, 435-fourth connecting pipeline, 5-preheating device, 51-fourth water supply pipeline, 6-electrolysis device, 61-anode chamber, 62-cathode chamber, 63-second sealing gasket, 64-diaphragm, 65-liquid inlet, 66-liquid outlet, 67-chamber frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features therein can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0037] In order to make the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the following is a summary of the present invention. Figures 1 to 3 The specific embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail.

[0038] An embodiment of the present utility model provides a seawater hydrogen production electrolysis device, comprising a sedimentation device 1, a filtering device 2, a hardness removal device 3, an electrical separation device 4, a preheating device 5 and an electrolysis device 6 connected in sequence through pipelines; a first valve 334 is provided on the pipeline between the filtering device 2 and the hardness removal device 3; a second valve 434 is provided on the pipeline between the hardness removal device 3 and the electrical separation device 4; a water inlet pipeline 13 is connected to the sedimentation device 1; and an air outlet pipeline is connected to the electrolysis device 6.

[0039] Preferably, the seawater hydrogen production electrolysis device of the present invention includes a sedimentation device 1, a filtration device 2, a hardness removal device 3, an electric separation device 4, a preheating device 5 and an electrolysis device 6 which are connected in sequence through pipelines. The sedimentation device 1 can remove large particles of solid impurities in seawater to avoid physical blockage or deposition on the electrode surface during the electrolysis process, affecting the progress of the electrolysis reaction and reducing the burden of subsequent processing; the filtration device 2 can further remove tiny suspended matter and microorganisms in seawater that cannot be removed by sedimentation and are harmful to the electrolysis process, which is not only beneficial to improving the electrolysis efficiency, but also can protect the electrolysis equipment; the hardness removal device 3 can remove hardness ions such as calcium ions and magnesium ions in seawater that may be precipitated due to changes in local pH during the electrolysis process, keep the electrolysis reaction going smoothly, and avoid reducing the electrolysis efficiency due to the formation of precipitates; the electric separation device 4 can specifically remove Specific ions, such as chloride ions, which may cause corrosion or poison the electrodes during the electrolysis process, are electro-separated by the electro-separation device 4, which can improve the selectivity of the electrolysis process and reduce the occurrence of side reactions, thereby improving the electrolysis efficiency and product purity; the preheating device 5 can preheat the seawater to a certain temperature, which can increase the rate of the electrolysis reaction, thereby improving the overall electrolysis efficiency. Moreover, since the increase in temperature helps the conductivity of the electrolyte, the provision of the preheating device 5 can also reduce the energy consumption required during the electrolysis process. The preheating device 5 preferably preheats the electrolyte to 85°C-100°C; the seawater pretreated by the above-mentioned device finally enters the electrolysis device 6 for electrolysis to produce hydrogen. The pretreatment step ensures that the electrolysis device 6 can operate in the best state, extends the service life of the electrolysis device 6, and ensures the efficiency and stability of the electrolysis process.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, the sedimentation device 1 includes a centrifugal sedimentation device 11 and a natural sedimentation device 12; the centrifugal sedimentation device 11 and the natural sedimentation device are connected by a first connecting pipe 135; the centrifugal sedimentation device 11 and the filtering device 2 are connected by a first water supply pipe 231.

[0041] Preferably, the electrolysis device 6 is provided with a sedimentation device 1 mainly for the purpose of improving the electrolysis efficiency and the metal recovery rate, while reducing impurities in the electrolyte and maintaining the cleanliness and stability of the electrolyte. The natural sedimentation device 12 can effectively remove larger particles of suspended matter. Through the action of gravity, these large particles of suspended matter sink to the bottom, thereby reducing the impurity concentration in the seawater; the centrifugal sedimentation device 11 uses centrifugal force to further separate those fine particles that are difficult to remove by natural sedimentation; when the seawater quality is good, only centrifugal sedimentation can be performed; when the seawater quality is poor, natural sedimentation should be performed first and then the seawater should flow into the centrifugal sedimentation device 11 through the first connecting pipe 135 for centrifugal sedimentation; the seawater after centrifugal sedimentation flows into the filter device 2 through the first water supply pipe 231 for subsequent treatment.

[0042] Furthermore, by simultaneously providing the centrifugal sedimentation device 11 and the natural sedimentation device 12, large suspended solids in the seawater can be precipitated as much as possible, which not only effectively removes most suspended solids and impurities, but also significantly improves the efficiency and stability of the subsequent electrolysis process.

[0043] In some implementations of the embodiments of the present utility model, the water inlet pipe 13 includes a water inlet main pipe 131, a first water inlet pipe 132 and a second water inlet pipe 133; the first water inlet pipe 132 is connected to the centrifugal sedimentation device 11; the second water inlet pipe 133 is connected to the natural sedimentation device 12; a third valve 134 is provided at the connection between the water inlet main pipe 131, the first water inlet pipe 132 and the second water inlet pipe 133.

[0044] Preferably, the water inlet pipe 13 includes a water inlet main pipe 131, a first water inlet pipe 132 and a second water inlet pipe 133, and a third valve 134 is provided at the connection between the water inlet main pipe 131, the first water inlet pipe 132 and the second water inlet pipe 133. The third valve 134 can be adjusted according to the quality of seawater. When the quality is good, the third valve 134 is adjusted to close the second water inlet pipe 133 so that the water inlet main pipe 131 is connected to the first water inlet pipe 132, allowing seawater to directly enter the centrifugal sedimentation device 11; when the quality is poor, the third valve 134 is adjusted to close the first water inlet pipe 132 so that the water inlet main pipe 131 is connected to the second water inlet pipe 133, allowing seawater to first enter the natural sedimentation device 12 for natural sedimentation, and then flow into the centrifugal sedimentation device 11 through the first connecting pipe 135 for centrifugal sedimentation. The connection is convenient and easy to implement.

[0045] Furthermore, the third valve 134 is preferably a three-way valve, which can be used to control the opening and closing of the first water inlet pipe 132 and the second water inlet pipe 133 by controlling the three-way valve, thereby controlling the seawater to enter the natural sedimentation device 12 or the centrifugal sedimentation device 11. The operation is simple and convenient for practical application. A seawater quality detection device should also be provided on the water inlet main pipe 131. The seawater quality detection device is used to judge the seawater quality before the seawater flows to the three-way valve, and the opening direction of the three-way valve is controlled according to the seawater quality.

[0046] In some embodiments of the embodiments of the present invention, the filtering device 2 includes a coarse filtration device 22 and a fine filtration device 21; the coarse filtration device 22 and the fine filtration device 21 are connected by a second connecting pipe 232; the centrifugal sedimentation device 11 is connected to the coarse filtration device 22 through a first water supply pipe 231; the fine filtration device 21 is connected to the hardness removal device 3 through a second water supply pipe.

[0047] Preferably, after centrifugal sedimentation, the seawater enters the coarse filtration device 22 for coarse filtration. The coarse filtration device 22 is used to filter larger suspended matter and microorganisms that cannot be removed by sedimentation and are harmful to the electrolysis process. The fine filtration device 21 is used to remove smaller suspended matter and microorganisms. Therefore, the centrifugal sedimentation device 11 is connected to the coarse filtration device 22 through a first water supply pipe 231, and the coarsely filtered seawater flows into the fine filtration device 21 through the second connecting pipe 232 for fine filtration. After the fine filtration is completed, it flows into the hardness removal device 3 through the second water supply pipe for subsequent treatment.

[0048] Preferably, after coarse filtration and fine filtration by the coarse filtration device 22 and the fine filtration device 21, the electrolysis efficiency can be improved, the life of the device can be extended, the maintenance cost can be reduced, the quality of hydrogen production can be guaranteed, and corrosion problems can be reduced.

[0049] In some embodiments of the embodiments of the present invention, the hardness removal device 3 includes an ion exchange resin adsorption device 31 and a nanofiltration filtration device 322; the ion exchange resin adsorption device 31 and the nanofiltration filtration device 322 are connected by a third connecting pipe 335; the ion exchange resin adsorption device 31 and the electrical separation device 4 are connected by a third water supply pipe 43.

[0050] Preferably, hardness removal plays a vital role in the pretreatment before electrolysis of seawater. It can not only improve the electrolysis efficiency and product quality, but also extend the service life of the equipment, reduce operation and maintenance costs, and also play a positive role in environmental protection. The hardness removal device 3 includes an ion exchange resin adsorption device 31 and a nanofiltration filtration device 322. The ion exchange resin adsorption device 31 can effectively remove hardness components such as calcium and magnesium in the water, as well as some heavy metal ions that may cause corrosion of pipes and equipment. This removal effect is achieved by exchanging exchangeable ions in the resin with ions in the water, thereby preventing the formation of scale and corrosion of equipment. The nanofiltration filtration device 322 can further remove residual hardness components and other impurities in the water, such as some organic matter and microorganisms, through its microporous structure, to provide purer treated water.

[0051] Preferably, when the seawater quality is good, only ion exchange resin adsorption is performed, and when the seawater quality is poor, nanofiltration is performed first, and then the seawater enters the ion exchange resin adsorption device 31 through the third connecting pipe 335 for ion exchange resin adsorption, and then enters the electrical separation device 4 through the third water supply pipe 43 for subsequent treatment; the hardness removal treatment is performed by combining ion exchange resin adsorption and nanofiltration to remove the calcium and magnesium hardness ions in the seawater, so as to soften the seawater to achieve the treatment liquid required for electrical separation water inlet.

[0052] In some implementation methods of the embodiments of the present utility model, the second water supply pipeline 33 includes a second water supply main pipe 331, a second water supply branch pipe 1 332 and a second water supply branch pipe 2 333; the second water supply branch pipe 1 332 is connected to the ion exchange resin adsorption device 31; the second water supply branch pipe 2 333 is connected to the nanofiltration filtration device 322; the first valve 334 is arranged at the connection between the second water supply main pipe 331, the second water supply branch pipe 1 332 and the second water supply branch pipe 2 333.

[0053] Preferably, the second water supply pipeline 33 includes a second water supply main pipe 331, a second water supply branch pipe 1 332 and a second water supply branch pipe 2 333, and a first valve 334 is arranged at the connection between the second water supply main pipe 331, the second water supply branch pipe 1 332 and the second water supply branch pipe 2 333. The seawater passing through the fine filtration device 21 all enters the second water supply main pipe 331, and the first valve 334 controls the second water supply main pipe 331 to be connected to the second water supply branch pipe 1 332 or to the second water supply branch pipe 2 333, so that the seawater can directly enter the ion exchange resin adsorption device 31 for ion exchange resin adsorption when the quality is good, and first enter the nanofiltration filtration device 322 for nanofiltration when the quality of the seawater is poor, and then enter the ion exchange resin adsorption device 31 for ion exchange resin adsorption, thereby further improving the quality of the seawater.

[0054] Furthermore, the first valve 334 is preferably a three-way valve, which can be used to control the opening and closing of the second water supply branch pipe 1 332 and the second water supply branch pipe 2 333 by controlling the three-way valve, thereby controlling the seawater from entering the ion exchange resin adsorption device 31 or the nanofiltration filtration device 322. The operation is simple and convenient for practical application. A seawater quality detection device should also be provided on the second water supply main pipe 331. The seawater quality detection device is used to judge the seawater quality before the seawater flows to the three-way valve, and the opening direction of the three-way valve is controlled according to the seawater quality.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present invention, the electrical separation device 4 includes an electrical adsorption device 42 and an electrodialysis device 41; the electrical adsorption device 42 and the electrodialysis device 41 are connected by a fourth connecting pipe 435; the electrodialysis device 41 and the preheating device 5 are connected by a fourth water supply pipe 51.

[0056] Preferably, the electrical separation device 4 includes an electrosorption device 42 and an electrodialysis device 41. The electrosorption device 42 can efficiently remove ions and charged particles in water, especially those pollutants that are difficult to remove by traditional filtration; the electrodialysis device 41 shows a high degree of selectivity in removing specific ions. This selectivity gives electrodialysis a special advantage in treating water sources containing complex ion combinations. When treating water bodies containing multiple salts such as seawater, it can effectively separate specific cations or anions.

[0057] Preferably, after ion exchange resin adsorption, if the seawater quality is good, only electrodialysis is performed on the seawater. If the seawater quality is poor, electroadsorption is performed first, and then the seawater enters the electrodialysis device 41 through the fourth connecting pipe 435 for electrodialysis, and then enters the preheating device 5 through the fourth water supply pipe 51 for subsequent treatment; electrical separation is an important pretreatment step before electrolysis of seawater, which can not only significantly improve the electrolysis efficiency and product purity, but also protect the electrolysis device 6, optimize operating conditions, and is beneficial to environmental protection.

[0058] In some implementation methods of the embodiments of the present utility model, the third water supply pipeline 43 includes a third water supply main pipe 431, a third water supply branch pipe 1 432 and a third water supply branch pipe 2 433; the third water supply branch pipe 1 432 is connected to the electrodialysis device 41; the third water supply branch pipe 2 433 is connected to the electric adsorption device 42; the second valve 434 is arranged at the connection between the third water supply main pipe 431, the third water supply branch pipe 1 432 and the third water supply branch pipe 2 433.

[0059] Preferably, the third water supply pipeline 43 includes a third water supply main pipe 431, a third water supply branch pipe 1 432 and a third water supply branch pipe 2 433, and the second valve 434 is arranged at the connection of the third water supply main pipe 431, the third water supply branch pipe 1 432 and the third water supply branch pipe 2 433. The seawater passing through the ion exchange resin adsorption device 31 all enters the third water supply main pipe 431, and the third valve 134 controls the third water supply main pipe 431 to be connected with the third water supply branch pipe 1 432 or to be connected with the third water supply branch pipe 2 433, so that the seawater can directly enter the electrodialysis device 41 for electrodialysis treatment when the quality is good. When the quality of the seawater is poor, it first enters the electrosorption device 42 for electrosorption treatment, and then enters the electrodialysis device 41 for electrodialysis treatment, so as to further remove ions or compounds that are not conducive to the subsequent electrolysis process.

[0060] Furthermore, the second valve 434 is preferably a three-way valve, which can be used to control the opening and closing of the third water supply branch pipe 1 432 and the third water supply branch pipe 2 433 by controlling the three-way valve, thereby controlling the seawater from entering the electric adsorption device 42 or the electrodialysis device 41. The operation is simple and convenient for practical application. A seawater quality detection device should be further provided on the third water supply main pipe 431. The seawater quality detection device is used to judge the seawater quality before the seawater flows to the three-way valve, and the opening direction of the three-way valve is controlled according to the seawater quality.

[0061] In some embodiments of the embodiments of the present invention, the electrodialysis device 41 includes an electrodialysis electrolyzer and a first DC power supply; the electrodialysis electrolyzer includes a dialysis electrode chamber frame 415, a first anode 410 and a first cathode 411, and the first anode 410 and the first cathode 411 are respectively arranged on both sides of the electrodialysis electrolyzer; there are multiple electrodialysis electrode chamber frames 415, and the bottoms of two adjacent electrodialysis electrode chamber frames 415 are respectively provided with a seawater inlet 416 or an electrolyte inlet 418, and the tops are respectively provided with a seawater outlet 417 or an electrolyte outlet 419; cationic membranes 413 or anionic membranes 414 are alternately arranged between two adjacent electrodialysis electrode chamber frames 415; a first sealing gasket 412 is provided between the cationic membrane 413 and the electrodialysis electrode chamber frame 415 or between the anionic membrane 414 and the electrodialysis electrode chamber frame 415.

[0062] Preferably, by arranging the first anode 410 and the first cathode 411 on both sides respectively, the electrolysis current can be evenly distributed in the electrodialysis electrolyzer, ensuring that seawater can be evenly and effectively decomposed into hydrogen; a plurality of electrodialysis pole chamber frames 415 are provided between the first anode 410 and the first cathode 411, and cationic membranes 413 or anionic membranes 414 are alternately arranged between two adjacent electrodialysis pole chamber frames 415, which can effectively separate different ions, so that cations and anions move to opposite electrodes respectively, and the anionic membrane 414 preferably adopts a divalent anionic membrane 414, which enters the electrodialysis device 41 using a membrane group of a divalent anionic membrane 414 and a cationic membrane 413 for ion exchange treatment, thereby achieving the purpose of effectively separating sulfate ions and chloride ions; the electrodialysis pole chamber frame 415 and the cationic membrane 413 and the anionic membrane 414 effectively isolate the direct contact between the anode and the cathode, reduce the mutual corrosion and wear of the electrode materials, and improve the durability and safety of the equipment.

[0063] Preferably, a first sealing gasket 412 is provided between the cationic membrane 413 and the electrodialysis chamber frame 415 or between the anionic membrane 414 and the electrodialysis chamber frame 415, which can effectively prevent leakage of the electrolyte; a seawater inlet 416 or an electrolyte inlet 418 is provided at the bottom of two adjacent electrodialysis chamber frames 415, and a seawater outlet 417 or an electrolyte outlet 419 is provided at the top, so as to allow seawater and electrolyte to enter and exit the electrodialysis electrolyzer; a first DC power supply is connected, and the power supply is turned on to allow current to pass through the electrolyzer. The electric field between the anode and the cathode will promote ion migration, thereby separating sulfate ions and chloride ions. The sodium ions in the sodium chloride in the seawater pass through the cationic membrane 413 to migrate to the cathode, and the sulfate ions pass through the anionic membrane 414 to migrate to the anode. The sodium ions and sulfate ions combine to form sodium sulfate, and the resulting solution mainly composed of sodium sulfate is used as the electrolyte for electrolytic hydrogen production.

[0064] In some embodiments of the embodiments of the present invention, the electrolysis device 6 includes an electrolytic cell and a second DC power supply; the electrolytic cell includes an electrode chamber frame 67, an anode chamber 61 and a cathode chamber 62; a liquid inlet 65 is provided at the bottom of the electrode chamber frame 67, and a liquid outlet 66 is provided at the top; a second anode is provided in the anode chamber 61, and a second cathode is provided in the cathode chamber 62; a diaphragm 64 is provided between the anode chamber 61 and the cathode chamber 62; a second sealing gasket 63 is provided between the anode chamber 61 and the diaphragm 64, and between the cathode chamber 62 and the diaphragm 64.

[0065] Preferably, a solution mainly composed of sodium sulfate is used as the electrolyte for electrolytic hydrogen production and is preheated to 85°C-100°C by a preheating device 5 before entering the electrolysis device 6. A diaphragm 64 is provided between the anode chamber 61 and the cathode chamber 62. The diaphragm 64 allows specific ions to pass through while blocking other ions, thereby achieving selective separation of ions. The second anode and the second cathode are arranged in the anode chamber 61 and the cathode chamber 62; the electrolytic cell is connected to a second DC power supply, and the second DC power supply provides a stable current, which is a necessary condition for driving ion migration; the electrolyte enters through the liquid inlet 65, and the electrolyzed solution is discharged from the liquid outlet 66 after electrolysis; hydrogen and oxygen are produced through the electrolysis reaction, and the hydrogen production efficiency is high and relatively stable.

[0066] The above is only a preferred specific implementation method of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can make equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and utility model concept of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seawater hydrogen electrolysis device, characterized in that: It comprises a sedimentation device (1), a filtering device (2), a hardness removal device (3), an electrical separation device (4), a preheating device (5) and an electrolysis device (6) which are sequentially connected through pipelines; A first valve (334) is provided on the pipeline between the filtering device (2) and the hardness removal device (3); A second valve (434) is provided on the pipeline between the hardness removal device (3) and the electrical separation device (4); A water inlet pipe (13) is connected to the sedimentation device (1); The gas outlet pipe is connected to the electrolysis device (6).

2. The seawater hydrogen production electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sedimentation device (1) includes a centrifugal sedimentation device (11) and a natural sedimentation device (12) (1); The centrifugal sedimentation device (11) and the natural sedimentation are connected via a first connecting pipe (135); The centrifugal sedimentation device (11) is connected to the filtering device (2) via a first water supply pipeline (231).

3. The seawater hydrogen production electrolysis device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water inlet pipe (13) includes a water inlet main pipe (131), a first water inlet pipe (132) and a second water inlet pipe (133); The first water inlet pipe (132) is connected to the centrifugal sedimentation device (11); The second water inlet pipe (133) is connected to the natural sedimentation device (12); A third valve is provided at the connection between the water inlet main pipe (131), the first water inlet pipe (132), and the second water inlet pipe (133).

4. The seawater hydrogen production electrolysis device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filtering device (2) includes a coarse filtering device (22) and a fine filtering device (21); The coarse filtering device (22) and the fine filtering device (21) are connected via a second connecting pipe (232); The centrifugal sedimentation device (11) is connected to the coarse filtration device (22) via the first water supply pipeline (231); The fine filtering device (21) is connected to the hardness removal device (3) via a second water supply pipe (33).

5. The seawater hydrogen production electrolysis device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hardness removal device (3) includes an ion exchange resin adsorption device (31) and a nanofiltration device (32); The ion exchange resin adsorption device (31) and the nanofiltration device (32) are connected via a third connecting pipe (335); The ion exchange resin adsorption device (31) is connected to the electrical separation device (4) via a third water supply pipeline (43).

6. The seawater hydrogen production electrolysis device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second water delivery pipeline (33) includes a second water delivery main pipe (331), a second water delivery branch pipeline 1 (332) and a second water delivery branch pipeline 2 (333); The second water supply branch pipe (332) is connected to the ion exchange resin adsorption device (31); The second water supply branch pipe 2 (333) is connected to the nanofiltration device (32); The first valve (334) is provided at the connection between the second water supply main pipe (331), the second water supply branch pipe 1 (332) and the second water supply branch pipe 2 (333).

7. The seawater hydrogen production electrolysis device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The electrical separation device (4) includes an electrical adsorption device (42) and an electrodialysis device (41); The electric adsorption device (42) and the electrodialysis device (41) are connected via a fourth connecting pipe (435); The electrodialysis device (41) is connected to the preheating device (5) via a fourth water supply pipeline (51).

8. The seawater hydrogen production electrolysis device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The third water delivery pipeline (43) includes a third water delivery main pipeline (431), a third water delivery branch pipeline 1 (432) and a third water delivery branch pipeline 2 (433); The third water supply branch pipe (432) is connected to the electrodialysis device (41); The third water supply branch pipe 2 (433) is connected to the electric adsorption device (42); The second valve (434) is provided at the connection between the third water supply main pipe (431), the third water supply branch pipe 1 (432) and the third water supply branch pipe 2 (433).

9. The seawater hydrogen production electrolysis device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The electrodialysis device (41) includes an electrodialysis electrolyzer and a first DC power supply; The electrodialysis cell comprises an electrode chamber frame (415), a second anode and a second cathode, wherein the second anode and the second cathode are respectively arranged on both sides of the electrodialysis cell; There are multiple polar chamber frames (415), and two adjacent polar chamber frames (415) are respectively provided with a seawater inlet (416) or an electrolyte inlet (418) at the bottom, and a seawater outlet (417) or an electrolyte outlet (419) at the top. A cation membrane (413) or anion membrane (414) is alternately arranged between two adjacent polar chamber frames (415); A second sealing gasket (63) is provided between the cationic membrane (413) and the polar chamber frame (415) or between the anionic membrane (414) and the polar chamber frame (415).

10. The seawater hydrogen production electrolysis device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The electrolysis device (6) comprises an electrolytic cell and a second DC power supply; The electrolytic cell includes an electrode chamber frame (415), an anode chamber (61) and a cathode chamber (62); The bottom of the polar chamber frame (415) is provided with a liquid inlet (65), and the top is provided with a liquid outlet (66); A first anode (410) is provided in the anode chamber (61), and a first cathode (411) is provided in the cathode chamber (62); A diaphragm (64) is provided between the anode chamber (61) and the cathode chamber (62); A first sealing gasket (412) is provided between the anode chamber (61) and the diaphragm (64), and between the cathode chamber (62) and the diaphragm (64).

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