Enhanced heat dissipation device for aluminum electrolysis anode carbon block group

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis, and discloses an aluminum electrolysis anode carbon block group reinforced heat dissipation device, which is characterized in that a heat dissipation unit is fixed at the upper part of an aluminum electrolysis cell and is detachably mounted on an anode carbon block group; the measuring unit is arranged on an anode carbon block group and an aluminum electrolysis cell shell to obtain anode current distribution and temperature data of the aluminum electrolysis cell and transmit the data to the data processing unit; and the data processing system summarizes and processes the measured data, judges whether each anode carbon block group needs pole change or not according to a safety value, and sets a heat dissipation unit for the anode carbon block group needing pole change. According to the utility model, the phenomena of over-high temperature and weakened structural strength of the explosion welding block of the anode carbon block group can be accurately reduced or even avoided, the service lives of the anode guide rod and the anode steel claw can be ensured, and the production cost is reduced; the heat dissipation unit is simple in overall structure, practical, convenient, small in size, low in manufacturing cost and capable of being recycled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis, in particular to an enhanced heat dissipation device for an aluminum electrolysis anode carbon block group. Background Art

[0002] The anode carbon block assembly is a critical component in the aluminum electrolysis process, performing functions including conducting electricity, participating in redox reactions, and providing structural support for the aluminum electrolytic cell. The anode carbon block assembly consists of an anode guide rod, an explosive welding block, an anode steel claw, and an anode carbon block. When the electrolytic cell is operating in enhanced current production or flexible production, the heat dissipation demand increases. 50% of the heat dissipated by the electrolytic cell is dissipated through the upper portion of the cell. Therefore, enhancing heat dissipation in the upper portion of the cell is beneficial to thermal balance during enhanced current production or flexible production. As the series current increases, and due to the fluctuations in the electrolyte aluminum liquid within the electrolytic cell, certain areas are prone to low inter-electrode distance, resulting in excessive anode current in these areas. When the anode current density exceeds the safe value of the explosive welding block, stronger heat dissipation is required to prevent the explosive welding block from overheating.

[0003] The explosive weld blocks are used to connect the anode guide rods and crossbar claws, ensuring the stability and conductivity of the anode carbon block assembly. Due to factors such as the current and high-temperature baking, the explosive weld blocks can overheat and weaken the weld strength. In such cases, if the edge cutting is not done properly during the pole-changing operation, the operation is improper, or the thickness of the insulation material on the pole is too thick, the explosive weld blocks can crack, affecting the recycling of the aluminum guide rods and crossbar claws, increasing production costs, and disrupting the normal operation of the aluminum electrolytic cell. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above shortcomings and deficiencies, the utility model provides an enhanced heat dissipation device and heat dissipation method for an aluminum electrolysis anode carbon block group, which can accurately reduce or even avoid the phenomenon of excessive temperature and weakened structural strength of the exploded weld blocks of the anode carbon block group.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the main technical solutions adopted by this utility model are:

[0006] An enhanced heat dissipation device for an aluminum electrolysis anode carbon block group includes an aluminum electrolysis cell, an anode carbon block group, a heat dissipation unit, a measuring unit, and a data processing unit. The heat dissipation unit is fixed to the upper portion of the aluminum electrolysis cell and is detachably mounted on the anode carbon block group. The measuring unit is arranged on the anode carbon block group and the shell of the aluminum electrolysis cell. The measuring unit obtains the anode current distribution and temperature data of the aluminum electrolysis cell and transmits them to the data processing unit.

[0007] The aluminum electrolytic cell further comprises an anode hoist and an anode busbar. The anode busbar is fixed to the upper part of the cell via the anode hoist, and the anode carbon block group is fixed to the anode busbar via a spiral clamp.

[0008] The anode carbon block group includes anode steel claws, and each anode steel claw is crimped or clamped to connect one or more heat dissipation units.

[0009] The heat dissipation unit includes a fixing bracket, a heat sink and a fastener. The size of the fixing bracket is adapted to the anode steel claw of the anode carbon block group. The heat sink is connected to the fixing bracket through the fastener. The heat sink is a trapezoidal fin, a triangular fin or a rectangular fin; the outer surface of the heat sink is provided with a high-temperature resistant heat radiation layer.

[0010] The measuring unit includes a voltage measuring probe and multiple thermocouples. The voltage measuring probes are arranged at equal distances on the anode guide rods of the anode carbon block group, and each anode carbon block group is equipped with two voltage measuring probes; the thermocouples are respectively arranged on the side walls of the tank shell, the cathode steel rod, and the bottom plate of the aluminum electrolysis cell; the voltage measuring probe and the thermocouples are electrically connected to the data processing unit.

[0011] The utility model has the following beneficial effects and advantages:

[0012] By measuring unit data, this utility model can accurately reduce or even prevent the phenomenon of overheating and weakening of structural strength caused by the anode carbon block assembly explosion weld block. This ensures the service life of the aluminum guide rod and crossbeam steel claws, reducing production costs. The overall structure of the heat dissipation unit is simple, practical, convenient, compact, low-cost, and recyclable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 This is a heat dissipation flow chart of the enhanced heat dissipation device for the anode carbon block group of the aluminum electrolytic cell of the utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the device of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 It is a side view schematic diagram of the device structure of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fastening structure of the heat dissipation unit of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat dissipation unit crimping method of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the voltage measurement probe of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the thermocouple of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 8 A schematic flow chart of a method for enhancing heat dissipation of an anode carbon block assembly for an aluminum electrolytic cell according to the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 100, aluminum electrolytic cell; 110, upper part of the cell; 120, anode hoist; 130, anode busbar; 140, screw clamp; 150, anode carbon block group; 151, anode guide rod; 152, explosive welding block; 153, anode steel claw; 154, anode carbon block; 160, lining; 161, cathode steel rod; 170, cell shell; 171, cell shell side wall; 172, bottom plate; 200, heat dissipation unit; 210, fixing bracket; 220, heat sink; 230, fastener; 300, measuring unit; 310, voltage measuring probe; 320, thermocouple; 330, transmission cable; 400, data processing unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the utility model is an enhanced heat dissipation device for an aluminum electrolysis anode carbon block group, and its application scenario includes an aluminum electrolysis cell 100, a heat dissipation unit 200, a measuring unit 300 and a data processing unit 400. The aluminum electrolysis cell 100 includes a cell upper part 110, an anode hoist 120, an anode busbar 130, a spiral clamp 140, an anode carbon block group 150, an inner liner 160 and a cell shell 170. The anode carbon block group 150 is fixed to the anode busbar 130 by the spiral clamp 140, and the anode busbar 130 is fixed to the cell upper part 110 by the anode hoist 120. The inner liner 160 is located in the cell shell 170, and the cell upper part 110 is located above the cell shell 170. The heat dissipation unit 200 is arranged on the anode carbon block group 150 to adjust the heat of the anode carbon block group 150.

[0023] The anode carbon block assembly 150 includes an anode guide rod 151, an explosive welding block 152, an anode steel claw 153 and an anode carbon block 154. Each anode steel claw is crimped or clamped to connect one or more heat dissipation units. The heat generated by the anode carbon block assembly 150 itself is transferred to the heat sink 230 of the heat dissipation unit 200 through heat conduction. The heat sink 230 and the flue gas in the aluminum electrolysis cell 100 dissipate the heat through convection heat exchange.

[0024] The measuring unit 300 is connected to the aluminum electrolysis cell 100 and the data processing unit 400 respectively. The data processing unit 400 analyzes and processes the data measured by the measuring unit 300. The workshop operator can install the heat dissipation unit 200 on the anode carbon block group 150 according to the data of the data processing unit 400 to adjust the heat dissipation of the anode carbon block group 150.

[0025] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the heat dissipation unit 200 includes a fixing bracket 210, a heat sink 220 and a fastening device 230. The size of the fixing bracket 210 is adapted to the size of the anode steel claw 153. The heat sink 220 is connected to the fixing bracket 210 via the fastening device 230. The specifications and dimensions of the heat sink 220 can be manufactured according to the required heat dissipation of the anode carbon block group 150 and the size of the anode steel claw 150. The shape of the heat sink 220 includes but is not limited to trapezoidal fins, triangular fins and rectangular fins. The material of the heat sink 220 is a high thermal conductivity material, and optional materials include steel, aluminum, copper, etc., and the outer surface of the heat sink 220 is coated with high-temperature heat radiation paint / heat dissipation paint.

[0026] like Figure 6 and 7 As shown, the voltage measuring probe 310 of the measuring unit 300 is arranged on the anode guide rod 151 of the anode carbon block assembly 150. Each anode carbon block assembly 150 is equipped with two voltage measuring probes 310, and the voltage measuring probe 310 is connected to the data processing unit 400 via a transmission cable 330. Thermocouples 320 are respectively arranged on the tank shell side wall 171, the cathode steel rod 161, and the tank bottom plate 172, and the thermocouples 320 are connected to the data processing unit 400 via a transmission cable 330.

[0027] The data processing unit 400 receives and organizes the data input by the measuring unit 300 to help the workshop operator locate the position of the anode carbon block group with large current distribution or too high temperature.

[0028] like Figure 8 A heat dissipation method for an aluminum electrolysis anode carbon block assembly comprises the following steps:

[0029] S1. The measuring unit obtains the pressure difference of each anode carbon block group and the temperature distribution data of the tank shell, steel rod and tank bottom plate at the corresponding position, and transmits the data to the data processing unit;

[0030] S2. Calculating the current distribution of each anode carbon block group based on the received pressure difference data;

[0031] S201, the data processing unit receives the data and calculates the anode current distribution using the equidistant voltage drop method, that is, the voltage drop when the anode guide rods of each anode carbon block group are at the same distance is measured to calculate the current distribution:

[0032]

[0033] Among them, I i is the current of the i-th group of anode carbon blocks, U i is the voltage drop at equal intervals on the anode guide rod, R is the resistance of the anode guide rod between the two voltage measurement probes of a single anode carbon block group;

[0034] S202: The data processing unit receives the temperature of the tank shell side wall at the corresponding position of the i-th group of anode carbon blocks. Cathode steel rod temperature and bottom plate temperature S3. The data processing unit sets safety values for pressure difference and temperature, determines whether each anode carbon block group needs to be replaced based on the safety values, and sets one or more heat dissipation units for the anode carbon block groups that need to be replaced. Specifically, data processing is performed based on a multi-parameter comprehensive judgment formula, and the obtained processing result A is compared with the safety value. The formula is as follows:

[0035] Among them, a, b, c, d and e are unknown parameters.

[0036] After summarizing and processing the measurement data, the data processing unit screens out for the workshop operators the positions of the anode carbon block groups 150 where the anode current has exceeded the set value for one hour or the temperature has been too high in the past three months. When the pole at this position is replaced, the heat dissipation unit 200 removed from other residual poles after cooling is installed on the new pole to prevent the explosion of the weld blocks of the anode carbon block 150 group from weakening the structural strength due to exceeding the safe temperature. When it is necessary to strengthen the heat dissipation of the upper part of the tank, the heat dissipation unit is installed on all the anode carbon block groups.

[0037] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments after knowing the basic creative concepts. Therefore, the claims should be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0038] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies.

Claims

1. An enhanced heat dissipation device for an aluminum electrolysis anode carbon block assembly, characterized by: It includes an aluminum electrolytic cell, an anode carbon block group, a heat dissipation unit, a measuring unit and a data processing unit. The heat dissipation unit is fixed to the upper part of the aluminum electrolytic cell and can be detachably installed on the anode carbon block group. The measuring unit is arranged on the anode carbon block group and the aluminum electrolytic cell shell. The measuring unit obtains the anode current distribution and temperature data of the aluminum electrolytic cell and transmits them to the data processing unit.

2. The enhanced heat dissipation device for an aluminum electrolysis anode carbon block assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aluminum electrolytic cell further comprises an anode hoist and an anode busbar. The anode busbar is fixed to the upper part of the cell via the anode hoist, and the anode carbon block group is fixed to the anode busbar via a spiral clamp.

3. The enhanced heat dissipation device for an aluminum electrolysis anode carbon block assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anode carbon block group includes anode steel claws, and each anode steel claw is crimped or clamped to connect one or more heat dissipation units.

4. The enhanced heat dissipation device for an aluminum electrolysis anode carbon block assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation unit includes a fixing bracket, a heat sink and a fastener. The size of the fixing bracket is adapted to the anode steel claw of the anode carbon block group. The heat sink is connected to the fixing bracket through the fastener. The heat sink is a trapezoidal fin, a triangular fin or a rectangular fin; the outer surface of the heat sink is provided with a high-temperature resistant heat radiation layer.

5. The enhanced heat dissipation device for an aluminum electrolysis anode carbon block assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring unit includes a voltage measuring probe and multiple thermocouples. The voltage measuring probes are arranged at equal distances on the anode guide rods of the anode carbon block group, and each anode carbon block group is equipped with two voltage measuring probes; the thermocouples are respectively arranged on the side walls of the tank shell, the cathode steel rod, and the bottom plate of the aluminum electrolysis cell; the voltage measuring probe and the thermocouples are electrically connected to the data processing unit.

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