TSN switch

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of switches, and discloses a TSN switch, which comprises a power supply protection module, a network switching module and a communication module, the first end of the power supply protection module is used for connecting a power supply, the second end of the power supply protection module is connected with the network switching module, and the power supply protection module is used for limiting surge voltage to provide required working voltage for the switch; the network switching module comprises a plurality of first network interfaces, the first network interfaces are used for connecting the communication module, and the network switching module is used for performing data transmission based on the time-sensitive network; and the communication module is used for realizing communication between the switch and other network equipment. The TSN switch supports a time-sensitive network function, a surge protection function and the like, solves the problem that a traditional switch cannot be connected with a public network, and meets the requirement of a rail transit field on network address translation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of switches, and in particular to a TSN switch. Background Art

[0002] Rack-mounted industrial switches are increasingly being used in rail transit applications such as train networks, signaling, and onboard passenger information systems. These applications place higher demands on data transmission capacity, accuracy, real-time performance, and reliability. Current rack-mounted industrial switches have the following shortcomings: Traditional Ethernet networks offer only best-effort transmission services, with uncertain transmission and latency, failing to meet the current industrial requirements for real-time, deterministic, and reliable data transmission; data transmission speeds are slow, impacting real-time performance and responsiveness; and existing switches may not operate reliably in industrial environments exposed to varying degrees of inclement weather. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides a TSN switch, which provides a switch with time-sensitive network function, network address translation function and support for surge protection.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a TSN switch, comprising: a power protection module, a network switching module, and a communication module;

[0005] The first end of the power protection module is used to connect to the power supply, and the second end of the power protection module is connected to the network switching module. The power protection module is used to limit the surge voltage to provide the required operating voltage for the switch;

[0006] The network switching module includes a plurality of first network interfaces, wherein the first network interfaces are used to connect to the communication module, and the network switching module is used to perform data transmission based on a time-sensitive network;

[0007] The communication module is used to enable the switch to communicate with other network devices.

[0008] In a first possible embodiment of the first aspect, a functional module is further included, the first network interface is used to connect to the functional module, and the functional module is used to debug the network interface.

[0009] In a second possible embodiment of the first aspect, the communication module includes a transceiver unit, a network fusion unit, and a same-segment communication unit, wherein a first end of the transceiver unit is connected to the network switching module, and a second end of the transceiver unit is connected to the network fusion unit and the same-segment communication unit, respectively.

[0010] The network fusion unit is used to convert public addresses and private addresses to communicate with network devices in different network segments;

[0011] The same network segment communication unit is used to exchange data with network devices in the same network segment.

[0012] In a third possible embodiment of the first aspect, the transceiver unit includes a plurality of first transceivers, and the network fusion unit includes a network processor, a second transceiver, and a second network interface;

[0013] The first end of the network processor is connected to the first transceiver, the second end of the network processor is connected to the first end of the second transceiver, the second end of the second transceiver is connected to the second network interface, and the second network interface is used to connect the network devices in different network segments.

[0014] In a fourth possible embodiment of the first aspect, the same-network-segment communication unit includes multiple third network interfaces, each of which is used to connect to a network device in the same network segment.

[0015] In a fifth possible embodiment of the first aspect, the power protection module includes a first protection unit, a second protection unit, and a voltage conversion unit, wherein a first end of the first protection unit is connected to a positive electrode of the power supply, a first end of the second protection unit is connected to a negative electrode of the power supply, and second ends of the first protection unit and the second protection unit are both connected to the voltage conversion unit.

[0016] The first protection unit and the second protection unit are used to respectively perform surge protection on the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power supply.

[0017] In a sixth possible embodiment of the first aspect, the first protection unit and the second protection unit each include a first discharge tube, a second discharge tube, a third discharge tube, a first varistor, and a second varistor;

[0018] The first end of the first discharge tube is connected to the first terminal of the power supply, and the second end of the first discharge tube is connected to the first end of the second discharge tube and the first end of the first varistor respectively;

[0019] The second end of the second discharge tube is respectively connected to the first end of the second varistor and the first end of the third discharge tube, the second end of the third discharge tube is connected to the second end of the first varistor, the second end of the third discharge tube is grounded, and the second end of the second varistor is connected to the second terminal of the power supply.

[0020] In a seventh possible embodiment of the first aspect, the voltage conversion unit includes a common-mode inductor and a power converter;

[0021] A first end of the common-mode inductor is connected to the first protection unit and the second protection unit, a second end of the common-mode inductor is connected to a first end of the power converter, and a second end of the power converter is connected to the network switching module.

[0022] In an eighth possible embodiment of the first aspect, the network switching module includes a switch chip and an active crystal oscillator;

[0023] The first end of the active crystal oscillator is connected to the second end of the power protection module, and the second end of the active crystal oscillator is connected to the switch chip.

[0024] In a ninth possible embodiment of the first aspect, the functional module includes a display and a virtual console port, a first end of the display is connected to the network switching module, and a second end of the display is connected to the virtual console port;

[0025] The virtual console port is used to connect to a virtual terminal to perform serial port debugging and gigabit network port debugging on all the network interfaces.

[0026] The embodiments of the present application have the following beneficial effects:

[0027] A TSN switch according to this embodiment includes a power protection module, a network switching module, and a communication module. The first end of the power protection module is connected to a power source, and the second end of the power protection module is connected to the network switching module. The power protection module is used to limit surge voltage to provide the required operating voltage for the switch. The network switching module includes multiple first network interfaces, the first network interfaces are used to connect to the communication module, and the network switching module is used to transmit data based on a time-sensitive network. The communication module is used to enable communication between the switch and other network devices. This switch supports time-sensitive network functions, high EMC surge protection levels, and high safety and voltage withstand requirements. It also solves the problem of traditional switches being unable to connect to the public network and meets the needs of network address translation on-site in the rail transit field. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 A first structural diagram of a TSN switch according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the power protection module according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0031] Figure 3 A second structural diagram of a TSN switch according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0032] Figure 4 A structural diagram of a communication module according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0033] Description of main component symbols:

[0034] 100-TSN switch; 110-power protection module; 111-first protection unit; 112-second protection unit; 113-voltage conversion unit; 120-network switching module; 122-switch chip; 123-active crystal oscillator; 130-communication module; 131-transceiver unit; 1311-first transceiver; 132-network integration unit; 1321-network processor; 1322-second transceiver; 1323-second network interface; 133-segment communication unit; 1331-third network interface; 140-functional module; 141-display; 142-virtual console port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.

[0036] The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and illustrated in the drawings herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0037] Hereinafter, the terms "including", "having" and their cognates used in various embodiments of the present application are intended only to indicate specific features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components or combinations of the aforementioned items, and should not be understood as excluding the existence of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components or combinations of the aforementioned items or adding the possibility of one or more features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components or combinations of the aforementioned items. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0038] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the various embodiments of the present application belong. The terms (such as those defined in generally used dictionaries) will be interpreted as having the same meaning as in the context of the relevant technical field and will not be interpreted as having an idealized meaning or an overly formal meaning unless clearly defined in the various embodiments of the present application.

[0039] The following describes some embodiments of the present application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0040] Generally, industrial Ethernet switches have transmission service uncertainty, delay uncertainty, and slow data transmission speed. In particular, the stability of the switch cannot be guaranteed in severe weather or industrial sites. In order to solve the above problems, this application is based on a time-sensitive network to achieve time synchronization, traffic scheduling, time slot reservation, and packet loss recovery functions to ensure the reliability, integrity, and real-time performance of data transmission. This application also provides a network address translation function through modular design to solve the problem that traditional switches cannot connect to the public network and meet the demand for network address translation in the rail transit field. This application includes a power input protection circuit that supports a high electromagnetic compatibility surge protection level and meets high safety and voltage requirements.

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a TSN switch 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. Exemplarily, the TSN switch 100 includes a power protection module 110, a network switching module 120, and a communication module 130. The TSN switch 100 is used to ensure the precise transmission time of data in the network through time-sensitive networking functions. The TSN switch 100 is also used to perform network address translation to achieve conversion between public and private addresses. The TSN switch 100 is also used to protect the power input from surge voltage while solving the problem of excessive clamping residual voltage.

[0042] In the embodiment of this application, Figure 2As shown, the first end of the power protection module 110 is connected to a power supply, and the second end of the power protection module 110 is connected to the network switching module 120. The power protection module 110 is used to limit surge voltage to provide the required operating voltage for the TSN switch 100. Exemplarily, the power protection module 110 includes a first protection unit 111, a second protection unit 112, and a voltage conversion unit 113. The first end of the first protection unit 111 is connected to the positive pole of the power supply, the first end of the second protection unit 112 is connected to the negative pole of the power supply, and the second ends of the first protection unit 111 and the second protection unit 112 are both connected to the voltage conversion unit 113. The first protection unit 111 and the second protection unit 112 are used to provide surge protection for the positive and negative poles of the power supply, respectively.

[0043] In one embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, the first protection unit 111 and the second protection unit 112 each include a first discharge tube GDT1, a second discharge tube GDT2, a third discharge tube GDT3, a first varistor RV1, and a second varistor RV2; a first end of the first discharge tube GDT1 is connected to a first terminal of a power supply, a second end of the first discharge tube GDT1 is respectively connected to a first end of the second discharge tube GDT2 and a first end of the first varistor RV1; a second end of the second discharge tube GDT2 is respectively connected to a first end of the second varistor RV2 and a first end of the third discharge tube GDT3, a second end of the third discharge tube GDT3 is connected to a second end of the first varistor RV1, a second end of the third discharge tube GDT3 is grounded GND, and a second end of the second varistor RV2 is connected to a second terminal of the power supply.

[0044] Specifically, when a surge common-mode voltage appears at the positive pole of the power supply, since all the discharge tubes have not yet discharged, the current flows entirely through the discharge tubes, and no current flows through any of the varistors, that is, no voltage is generated. When the divided voltage of the surge common-mode voltage is greater than the third discharge tube GDT3, the third discharge tube GDT3 will be broken down, and the second varistor RV2 will be turned on and clamped. The voltage between the first discharge tube GDT1 and the second discharge tube GDT2 will be the residual voltage of the second varistor RV2, and this residual voltage will be averaged across the first discharge tube GDT1 and the second discharge tube GDT2. If the voltage across the first discharge tube GDT1 reaches its own breakdown voltage, it will be Breakdown, the first varistor RV1 is turned on and clamped, the voltage across the first discharge tube GDT1 is the difference between the residual voltage of the second varistor RV2 and the residual voltage of the second varistor RV2. If the voltage across the second discharge tube GDT2 reaches its own breakdown voltage, it will be broken down. At this point, the first discharge tube GDT1, the second discharge tube GDT2 and the third discharge tube GDT3 are all turned on, and the voltage between the positive electrode of the power supply and the chassis ground is limited to the residual voltage of the discharge tube. At this time, the surge current flowing through the varistor is almost zero. After the surge passes, the varistor returns to the cut-off state, limiting the conduction current, and the discharge tube can effectively extinguish the arc and return to normal working state.

[0045] In one embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, the voltage conversion unit 113 includes a common-mode inductor L1 and a power converter U1; the first end of the common-mode inductor L1 is connected to the first protection unit 111 and the second protection unit 112, the second end of the common-mode inductor L1 is connected to the first end of the power converter U1, and the second end of the power converter U1 is connected to the network switching module 120.

[0046] Specifically, the voltage conversion unit 113 suppresses common-mode noise in the circuit through the common-mode inductor L1. The power converter U1 is a DC / DC module power supply, which is used to convert a DC voltage into another DC voltage to meet the power supply requirements of the switch.

[0047] In the embodiment of this application, Figure 2 As shown, the network switching module 120 includes multiple first network interfaces, each of which is used to connect to the communication module 130. The network switching module 120 is used to transmit data over a time-sensitive network. Exemplarily, the network switching module 120 includes a switch chip 122 and an active crystal oscillator 123. The first end of the active crystal oscillator 123 is connected to the second end of the power protection module 110, and the second end of the active crystal oscillator 123 is connected to the switch chip 122.

[0048] Specifically, the network switching module 120 performs physical layer forwarding and engine-level forwarding through the switch chip 122 to realize the processing and management of network traffic. The network switching module 120 also provides a stable clock signal through the active crystal oscillator 123 to ensure the stable operation of the switch chip 122. In time-sensitive network applications, the active crystal oscillator 123 can meet the clock synchronization and accuracy requirements and provide a more accurate clock signal, thereby realizing the rapid processing and transmission of data by network equipment.

[0049] Optionally, the switch chip 122 supports the Network Time Synchronization Protocol, which improves network reliability by implementing clock domain redundancy, thereby ensuring time synchronization in the event of a physical link failure. Furthermore, the switch chip 122 supports the Time Sensitive Networking protocol, ensuring that high-priority real-time data is transmitted first, thereby avoiding packet delays and jitter, preventing data conflicts and contention, and improving system reliability and determinism.

[0050] In the embodiment of this application, Figure 2 As shown, communication module 130 is used to enable the switch to communicate with other network devices. Exemplarily, communication module 130 includes a transceiver unit 131, a network fusion unit 132, and a same-segment communication unit 133. A first end of transceiver unit 131 is connected to network switching module 120, and a second end of transceiver unit 131 is connected to both network fusion unit 132 and same-segment communication unit 133, respectively. Network fusion unit 132 is used to convert public and private addresses to facilitate communication with network devices on different network segments. Same-segment communication unit 133 is used to exchange data with network devices on the same network segment.

[0051] Optionally, the transceiver unit 131 includes multiple first transceivers 1311, which can be Ethernet physical layer devices. The first transceiver 1311 provides multiple network ports and operates at a speed of up to Gigabit network, which can meet the communication requirements of the switch.

[0052] Exemplary, such as Figure 4 As shown, the switch chip 122 is connected to the first transceiver 1311 through the gigabit electrical port, and the first transceiver 1311 is connected to the network fusion unit 132. The network fusion unit 132 implements the network address translation function through the network processor 1321, the second transceiver 1322 and the second network interface 1323, and can realize the conversion between public addresses and private addresses.

[0053] For example, in one embodiment, the network fusion unit 132 includes a network processor 1321, a second transceiver 1322 and a second network interface 1323; the first end of the network processor 1321 is connected to the first transceiver 1311, the second end of the network processor 1321 is connected to the first end of the second transceiver 1322, the second end of the second transceiver 1322 is connected to the second network interface 1323, and the second network interface 1323 is used to connect network devices in different network segments.

[0054] Specifically, the network processor 1321 is a Gigabit Ethernet multilayer switch chip that supports multi-port line-rate network address translation, is used to implement network address translation, and is connected to the second transceiver 1322. For example, the network processor 1321 can be a Gigabit Ethernet multilayer switch chip that supports line-rate network address translation for up to five ports. The second transceiver 1322 is a Gigabit Ethernet physical layer chip that communicates with network devices in different network segments through the second network interface 1323.

[0055] Exemplarily, network processor 1321 implements network address translation (NAT) functionality and performs public and private address translation. Before NAT, network processor 1321 first assigns corresponding Internet Protocol (IP) addresses to its interfaces, including private IP addresses for connecting to the internal network and public IP addresses for connecting to the external network. Network processor 1321 then accesses its management interface and selects an appropriate NAT mode, which includes static NAT and dynamic NAT. Finally, if more precise control over NAT traffic is required, an access control list (ACL) can be configured. This access control list allows or denies specific packets from NAT and passing through the router based on conditions such as the source address and destination address. After completing the above configuration, network processor 1321 automatically applies the new configuration. When a switch in the internal private network initiates an external access request, the packet arrives at network processor 1321, which then translates the packet's source private address into the corresponding public address based on the configured NAT rules. The converted data packet is sent to the external public network through the second network interface of the second transceiver, and the external public network obtains the public address after network address conversion as the source address; when the response data packet from the external network is returned to the network processor 1321 through the second transceiver, the network processor 1321 converts the public address back to the private address of the internal switch according to the previously established network address conversion record, and forwards the data packet to the switch chip in the internal network.

[0056] It can be understood that the above-mentioned network address translation method realizes the conversion between internal private addresses and external public addresses, so that switches in the internal network can use private addresses to communicate with the external network, while hiding the topology of the internal network and private address information, improving the security and manageability of the network, and to a certain extent alleviating the problem of insufficient public Internet Protocol addresses.

[0057] Alternatively, as Figure 4 As shown, the intra-segment communication unit 133 includes multiple third network interfaces 1331, each of which is used to connect to a network device in the same network segment. Specifically, the third network interface 1331 includes a gigabit network interface and an RS485 interface. The gigabit network interface supports gigabit Ethernet data transmission and can communicate with other gigabit network devices in the network. The RS485 interface is a serial communication interface used for data transmission with network devices in the same network segment over relatively long transmission distances and in high-noise environments. It has the characteristics of strong anti-interference performance and fast transmission speed.

[0058] In this embodiment of the present application, the switch further includes a functional module 140. The first network interface is connected to the functional module 140, and the functional module 140 is used to debug the network interface. Exemplarily, the functional module 140 includes a display 141 and a virtual console port 142. A first end of the display 141 is connected to the network switching module 120, and a second end of the display 141 is connected to the virtual console port 142. The virtual console port 142 is used to connect to a virtual terminal for serial port debugging and Gigabit Ethernet port debugging of all network interfaces.

[0059] Optionally, the TSN switch 100 further integrates serial input and serial or parallel output through a shift register to provide I / O expansion, and is connected to an LED light. The TSN switch 100 indicates whether it is active or processing data, etc. through the LED light.

[0060] As can be understood, the TSN switch 100, based on a box switch, supports network address translation technology, providing highly reliable and deterministic communications. The TSN switch 100 provides a second network interface through the network fusion module, which can significantly increase the output bandwidth after network address translation when the TSN switch 100 performs train reconnection and train-to-ground communication. The efficient stacked input power protection circuit achieves high-level surge and safety protection, making it adaptable to the complex and diverse development of rail transit environments. The TSN switch 100 can be widely used in smart cities, rail transit and other fields.

[0061] The above is only a specific implementation method of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with this technical field can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in this application, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A TSN switch, characterized in that: include: Power protection module, network switching module and communication module; The first end of the power protection module is used to connect to the power supply, and the second end of the power protection module is connected to the network switching module. The power protection module is used to limit the surge voltage to provide the required operating voltage for the switch; The network switching module includes a plurality of first network interfaces, wherein the first network interfaces are used to connect to the communication module, and the network switching module is used to perform data transmission based on a time-sensitive network; The communication module is used to enable the switch to communicate with other network devices.

2. The TSN switch according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a functional module, the first network interface is used to connect to the functional module, and the functional module is used to debug the network interface.

3. The TSN switch according to claim 1, wherein: The communication module includes a transceiver unit, a network fusion unit and a same-segment communication unit, wherein the first end of the transceiver unit is connected to the network switching module, and the second end of the transceiver unit is connected to the network fusion unit and the same-segment communication unit respectively; The network fusion unit is used to convert public addresses and private addresses to communicate with network devices in different network segments; The same network segment communication unit is used to exchange data with network devices in the same network segment.

4. The TSN switch according to claim 3, characterized in that The transceiver unit includes a plurality of first transceivers, and the network fusion unit includes a network processor, a second transceiver and a second network interface; The first end of the network processor is connected to the first transceiver, the second end of the network processor is connected to the first end of the second transceiver, the second end of the second transceiver is connected to the second network interface, and the second network interface is used to connect the network devices in different network segments.

5. The TSN switch according to claim 3, characterized in that The same network segment communication unit includes multiple third network interfaces, each of which is used to connect to the network device in the same network segment.

6. The TSN switch according to claim 1, characterized in that The power protection module includes a first protection unit, a second protection unit and a voltage conversion unit, wherein a first end of the first protection unit is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, a first end of the second protection unit is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply, and second ends of the first protection unit and the second protection unit are both connected to the voltage conversion unit; The first protection unit and the second protection unit are used to respectively perform surge protection on the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power supply.

7. The TSN switch according to claim 6, characterized in that The first protection unit and the second protection unit each include a first discharge tube, a second discharge tube, a third discharge tube, a first varistor and a second varistor; The first end of the first discharge tube is connected to the first terminal of the power supply, and the second end of the first discharge tube is connected to the first end of the second discharge tube and the first end of the first varistor respectively; The second end of the second discharge tube is respectively connected to the first end of the second varistor and the first end of the third discharge tube, the second end of the third discharge tube is connected to the second end of the first varistor, the second end of the third discharge tube is grounded, and the second end of the second varistor is connected to the second terminal of the power supply.

8. The TSN switch according to claim 6, characterized in that The voltage conversion unit includes a common mode inductor and a power converter; A first end of the common-mode inductor is connected to the first protection unit and the second protection unit, a second end of the common-mode inductor is connected to a first end of the power converter, and a second end of the power converter is connected to the network switching module.

9. The TSN switch according to claim 1, wherein: The network switching module includes a switch chip and an active crystal oscillator; The first end of the active crystal oscillator is connected to the second end of the power protection module, and the second end of the active crystal oscillator is connected to the switch chip.

10. The TSN switch according to claim 2, characterized in that The functional module includes a display and a virtual console port, a first end of the display is connected to the network switching module, and a second end of the display is connected to the virtual console port; The virtual console port is used to connect to a virtual terminal to perform serial port debugging and gigabit network port debugging on all the network interfaces.

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