Photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of photovoltaic technology. The utility model discloses a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module comprises a front-layer substrate, a front-layer packaging adhesive film, a battery piece layer, a rear-layer packaging adhesive film and a rear-layer substrate which are stacked in sequence, the photovoltaic module further comprises a light conversion laminated body, and the light conversion laminated body is connected to one side, far away from the front-layer packaging adhesive film, of the front-layer substrate. The light conversion laminated body comprises a light conversion layer and a bonding layer, the bonding layer is arranged close to the front-layer substrate, and the light conversion layer is connected to the side, away from the front-layer substrate, of the bonding layer. According to the photovoltaic module, the light conversion laminated body is arranged on the outer side of the front-layer substrate, the light conversion laminated body can partially convert ultraviolet light into visible light capable of being utilized by the battery pieces, and the power generation efficiency of the module is improved. And meanwhile, the light conversion agent in the light conversion layer is not in direct contact with the battery piece, so that the safety of the photovoltaic module is improved. In addition, when the light conversion laminated body is replaced, the main body part of the photovoltaic module does not need to be disassembled, so that the light conversion laminated body is convenient to maintain and replace.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular relates to a photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0002] While existing photovoltaic cells have high photoelectric conversion efficiencies, they have poor spectral response to ultraviolet light. Furthermore, ultraviolet light can significantly damage cells. Ultraviolet light can cause significant UV degradation, reducing their power generation efficiency and service life.

[0003] By adding a photoconversion agent to a photovoltaic module, the ultraviolet portion of sunlight, which is harmful to photovoltaic cells, can be converted into visible light that can be used by the cells. In related technologies, the photoconversion agent is typically incorporated into the adhesive film of the photovoltaic module or coated on the front substrate of the photovoltaic module.

[0004] However, in the process of implementing the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the applicant discovered that the above technology has at least the following technical problems:

[0005] Photoconverters have a limited lifespan and cannot maintain high conversion efficiency for long periods of time. Fusing the photoconverter into an adhesive film or coating it onto the front substrate makes it difficult to replace the photoconverter. Furthermore, the front substrate absorbs and reflects some UV light, reducing the UV light received by the photoconverter in the adhesive film, thus reducing its conversion efficiency. Furthermore, the photoconverter in the adhesive film can damage the surface of the solar cell. Fusing the photoconverter into the adhesive film may cause contact between the photoconverter and the solar cell, impacting the efficiency of the photovoltaic module. While applying the photoconverter coating directly onto the front substrate can avoid these issues, the direct exposure of the photoconverter coating to the outside world significantly reduces its lifespan. Utility Model Content

[0006] The present invention provides a photovoltaic module with a light-conversion laminate on the outer layer of the front glass. This laminate is capable of converting ultraviolet light and has a high light conversion rate, thereby improving the photovoltaic module's power generation efficiency. Furthermore, the light-conversion agent in the laminate does not come into contact with the solar cells, providing increased safety and ease of replacement.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions adopted in this application are as follows:

[0008] The present application discloses a photovoltaic module, which includes a front substrate, a front packaging film, a cell layer, a rear packaging film and a rear substrate stacked in sequence; the photovoltaic module also includes a light conversion stack connected to the side of the front substrate away from the front packaging film; the light conversion stack includes a light conversion layer and an adhesive layer, the adhesive layer is arranged close to the front substrate, and the light conversion layer is connected to the side of the adhesive layer away from the front substrate.

[0009] Furthermore, the ultraviolet light transmittance of the light conversion layer is less than or equal to 5%, and the ultraviolet light conversion efficiency of the light conversion layer is greater than or equal to 70%.

[0010] Furthermore, the infrared light transmittance of the light conversion layer is less than or equal to 50%, and the infrared light conversion efficiency of the light conversion layer is greater than or equal to 10%.

[0011] Furthermore, the Shore hardness of the light conversion layer is greater than or equal to 50HA.

[0012] Furthermore, the Shore hardness of the light conversion layer is greater than or equal to 85HA.

[0013] The light transmittance of the light conversion layer is greater than or equal to 85%.

[0014] Furthermore, the thickness of the optical conversion layer is greater than or equal to 0.05 mm and less than or equal to 1.00 mm;

[0015] The thickness of the adhesive layer is greater than or equal to 0.001 mm and less than or equal to 0.50 mm.

[0016] Furthermore, the thickness of the optical conversion layer is greater than or equal to 0.09 mm and less than or equal to 0.20 mm;

[0017] The thickness of the adhesive layer is greater than or equal to 0.02 mm and less than or equal to 0.05 mm.

[0018] Furthermore, the light conversion layer includes a matrix resin and a light conversion material dispersed in the matrix resin, and the matrix resin is one of PP resin, PE resin, EVA resin, POE resin, cationic resin, EMA resin, EAA resin, PS resin, PMMA resin, PC resin, acrylic resin or PVDF resin.

[0019] Furthermore, the adhesive layer includes one of an acrylic adhesive layer, a silicone adhesive layer or a rubber adhesive layer.

[0020] Furthermore, the light conversion stack further includes a functional layer, which is provided at at least one of a side of the light conversion layer away from the adhesive layer or between the light conversion layer and the adhesive layer.

[0021] Furthermore, the functional layer is a protective layer, and the protective layer is arranged on a side of the light conversion layer away from the adhesive layer.

[0022] Furthermore, the bonding strength between the bonding layer and the front substrate is greater than or equal to 4 N / cm and less than or equal to 15 N / cm, and the bonding strength between the bonding layer and the optical conversion layer is greater than or equal to 25 N / cm; the bonding strength between the bonding layer and the optical conversion layer is greater than the bonding strength between the bonding layer and the front substrate.

[0023] In this application, a photoconversion laminate is provided on the outside of the front substrate of the photovoltaic module. This laminate is capable of partially converting ultraviolet light into visible light that can be utilized by the solar cells. This laminate has a high light conversion efficiency, improving the module's power generation efficiency. The laminate is located outside the front substrate, and the photoconversion agent in the laminate is prevented from directly contacting the solar cells, enhancing the safety of the photovoltaic module. This location of the laminate allows for replacement without disassembling the rest of the photovoltaic module, making replacement of the laminate more convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module in this application;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the light conversion stack in the photovoltaic module of this application;

[0026] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the light conversion layer in this application;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the light conversion stack portion of the present application including the first position functional layer;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the light conversion stack portion of the present application including the second position functional layer;

[0029] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic module in Example 1;

[0030] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic module in Example 2;

[0031] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic module in Example 3.

[0032] In the figure: photovoltaic module 100, front substrate 11, front packaging film 12, battery cell layer 13, rear packaging film 14, rear substrate 15, light conversion stack 16, light conversion layer 161, matrix resin 1611, light conversion material 1612, adhesive layer 162, functional layer 163. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] To help those skilled in the art better understand the present invention, the following will provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. For ease of explanation, the terms "inside" and "outside" may be used to describe the relative positions of components. Hereinafter, "inside" or "inner side" refers to the position or side close to the battery cell layer 13, and "outside" or "outer side" refers to the position or side away from the battery cell layer 13.

[0034] The embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic assembly 100, such as Figure 1 The photovoltaic module 100 shown in FIG. 1 includes a front substrate 11, a front packaging film 12, a cell layer 13, a rear packaging film 14 and a rear substrate 15 stacked in sequence. Figure 2 The light conversion stack 16 shown is connected to the outside of the front substrate 11, that is, the light conversion stack 16 is provided on the side of the front substrate 11 away from the front encapsulation film 12 and is connected to the front substrate 11. The light conversion stack 16 includes a light conversion layer 161 and an adhesive layer 162. The adhesive layer 162 is provided on one side of the light conversion layer 161, and the adhesive layer can bond the light conversion layer 161 to the front substrate 11. Specifically, the adhesive layer 162 is provided close to the front substrate 11, and the light conversion layer 161 is connected to the side of the adhesive layer 162 away from the front substrate 11. In the present application, a light conversion layer 161 is provided on the outside of the photovoltaic module 100. The light conversion layer 161 can convert ultraviolet light and other sunlight that cannot be used by photovoltaic cells and is harmful to the cell layer 13 into visible light that can be responded to and used by the cell layer 13, thereby improving the utilization rate of sunlight. At the same time, after converting ultraviolet light into visible light, the light conversion layer 161 can also reduce the damage caused by ultraviolet light to the cell layer 13 in the photovoltaic module 100, play a role in protecting the cells, and extend the service life of the cell layer 13 and the photovoltaic module 100. In this application, the light conversion layer 161 is designed as an independent layer structure, and the light conversion layer 161 is independently arranged on the outside of the front substrate 11. The independent arrangement of the light conversion layer 161 can avoid the restrictions on the light conversion material 1612 when the light conversion material 1612 is directly added to the packaging film, and can also avoid adverse effects on the bonding properties of the packaging film. The light conversion layer 161 is arranged on the outside of the front substrate 11, which can also prevent the light conversion material 1612 in the light conversion layer 161 from direct contact with the cell layer 13, preventing the light conversion material 1612 from causing unforeseen damage to the cells in the cell layer 13, and avoiding a decrease in the power generation of the cells. Furthermore, the placement of the optical conversion layer 161 outside the front substrate 11 improves the efficiency and amount of UV light conversion, mitigating issues such as low UV light conversion due to the front substrate 11 absorbing or reflecting some short-wavelength UV light. Finally, the placement of the optical conversion layer 161 outside the front substrate 11 allows for replacement if damaged or degraded, ensuring its continued effectiveness.

[0035] As an optional embodiment, the ultraviolet light transmittance of the light conversion layer 161 is less than or equal to 5%, and the ultraviolet light conversion efficiency of the light conversion layer 161 is greater than or equal to 70%. The light conversion layer 161 needs to be able to convert ultraviolet light into visible light that can be used by the cell layer 13 for photoelectric conversion, while preventing ultraviolet light from passing through the light conversion layer 161 and acting on the cell layer 13 to cause damage to the cell. The ultraviolet light transmittance of the light conversion layer 161 is less than or equal to 5%, which can minimize the ultraviolet light that passes through the light conversion layer 161 and prevent the cell layer 13 from being corroded by ultraviolet rays. The light conversion efficiency of the light conversion layer 161 is greater than or equal to 70%, which can not only increase the amount of ultraviolet light converted, but also reduce the amount of ultraviolet light that passes through the light conversion layer 161.

[0036] As an optional embodiment, the infrared light transmittance of the light conversion layer 161 is less than or equal to 50%, and the infrared light conversion efficiency of the light conversion layer 161 is greater than or equal to 10%. Infrared light will not substantially damage the cell layer 13 in the photovoltaic module 100. However, converting infrared light into visible light that can be utilized by the cell layer 13 can also improve the photovoltaic module 100's utilization of sunlight, increase the amount of photoelectric conversion, and improve power generation efficiency. The infrared light conversion efficiency of the light conversion layer 161 is greater than or equal to 10%, and the infrared light transmittance of the light conversion layer 161 is less than or equal to 50%, allowing a greater amount of infrared light to be converted into visible light for use by the cell layer 13.

[0037] As an optional embodiment, the Shore hardness of the photoconversion layer 161 is greater than or equal to 50HA. In the photovoltaic module 100 of the present application, the photoconversion layer 161 is located at the outermost side. The certain hardness of the photoconversion layer 161 can protect the photoconversion layer 161 and ensure its proper operation. When the Shore hardness of the photoconversion layer 161 is greater than or equal to 50HA, the photoconversion layer 161 can protect itself, reduce damage to the photoconversion layer 161 caused by external dust and sand, and ensure a long service life of the photoconversion layer 161. Furthermore, the Shore hardness of the photoconversion layer 161 is greater than or equal to 85HA.

[0038] As an optional embodiment, the light conversion layer 161 has a transmittance of 85% or greater. The light conversion layer 161 converts ultraviolet light, which is otherwise unusable by the cell layer 13, into usable visible light, thereby improving the overall light utilization and power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100. However, to a certain extent, the light conversion layer 161 also absorbs or reflects sunlight. A light conversion layer 161 transmittance of 85% or greater ensures that the light conversion layer 161 transmits visible light, preventing excessive light blockage by the light conversion layer 161 and ultimately increasing the amount of light received by the cell layer 13 that can be used for photoelectric conversion.

[0039] As an optional embodiment, the thickness of the light conversion layer 161 is greater than or equal to 0.05 mm and less than or equal to 1.00 mm; the thickness of the adhesive layer 162 is greater than or equal to 0.001 mm and less than or equal to 0.50 mm. If the thickness of the light conversion layer 161 is too thin, the content of the light conversion material 1612 in the light conversion layer 161 will be low, affecting the light conversion amount of the light conversion layer 161, making it difficult to achieve the purpose of providing the light conversion layer 161. When the thickness of the light conversion layer 161 is too thick, it will not only reduce the overall light transmittance of the light conversion layer 161, but also increase the weight of the photovoltaic module 100, affecting the lightweight design of the photovoltaic module 100. The adhesive layer 162 is responsible for connecting the light conversion layer 161 and the front substrate 11. If the thickness of the adhesive layer 162 is too thin, problems such as poor bonding effect and easy detachment of the light conversion layer 161 will occur. When the thickness of the adhesive layer 162 is too thick, problems such as affecting the overall light transmittance and lightweight design will also occur. Furthermore, the thickness of the light conversion layer 161 is greater than or equal to 0.09 mm and less than or equal to 0.20 mm; the thickness of the adhesive layer 162 is greater than or equal to 0.02 mm and less than or equal to 0.05 mm.

[0040] As an optional implementation, Figure 3 As shown, the light conversion layer 161 includes a matrix resin 1611 and a light conversion material 1612 dispersed within the matrix resin 1611. The light conversion layer 161 is composed of a carrier formed by the matrix resin 1611 and the light conversion material 1612 distributed within the carrier. Using the matrix resin 1611 as a carrier improves the wear resistance and hardness of the light conversion layer 161, ensuring the service life of the light conversion layer 161. The matrix resin 1611 also protects the light conversion material 1612 therein. Furthermore, the matrix resin 1611 can be selected from a variety of colors to suit specific needs.

[0041] As an optional embodiment, the base resin 1611 is one of PP resin, PE resin, EVA resin, POE resin, cationic resin, EMA resin, EAA resin, PS resin, PMMA resin, PC resin, acrylic resin or PVDF resin. The above resin materials all have good wear resistance and high hardness, which can protect the light conversion material 1612 in the light conversion layer 161, and at the same time ensure that the light conversion layer 161 as a whole has a high light transmittance and good anti-reflection performance. In addition, the above base resin 1611 material also has good compatibility with the light conversion material 1612, which can prevent the light conversion material 1612 from separating or precipitating during use. In this application, the light conversion material 1612 can adopt the light conversion material 1612 in the prior art that can convert ultraviolet light into visible light. For ease of understanding, the light conversion material 1612 is illustrated by example. The light conversion material 1612 may be a rare earth metal light conversion material 1612 including europium metal oxide, europium metal complex, or iridium metal complex. The light conversion material 1612 may also be a metal nanoparticle light conversion material 1612 including quantum dot material or perovskite material. In practical applications, the corresponding existing light conversion material 1612 may be selected according to actual needs.

[0042] As an optional embodiment, the adhesive layer 162 includes an acrylic adhesive layer 162, a silicone adhesive layer 162, or a rubber adhesive layer 162. The above adhesive layer 162 materials have high bonding properties and can be prepared and constructed in a relatively simple manner, which can increase the convenience of preparing and setting the light conversion stack 16.

[0043] The bonding layer 162 may further include a UV cutoff agent, which can cut off UV light to reduce the effect of residual UV light in the light irradiating the bonding layer 162 on the bonding layer 162 itself or pass through the bonding layer 162 to adversely affect the internal structure.

[0044] As an optional embodiment, the light conversion stack 16 further includes a functional layer 163, which is disposed on at least one of the side of the light conversion layer 161 away from the adhesive layer 162 or between the light conversion layer 161 and the adhesive layer 162. In addition to the light conversion layer 161 and the adhesive layer 162, other functional layers 163 having corresponding functions may also be disposed in the light conversion layer 161 stack. These functional layers 163 may be as follows: Figure 4 As shown, it is arranged between the light conversion layer 161 and the bonding layer 162, or it can be arranged as shown in FIG. Figure 5As shown, the functional layers 163 are disposed on the outer side of the light conversion layer 161. Specifically, the functional layers 163 may be protective layers that protect the light conversion layer 161, adhesive layers 162 that further enhance the bonding performance between the light conversion layer 161 and the adhesive layer 162, or isolation layers that prevent the light conversion material 1612 from transferring to the adhesive layer 162 or prevent the additive in the adhesive layer 162 from transferring to the light conversion layer 161.

[0045] As an optional embodiment, functional layer 163 is a protective layer, which is disposed on the side of light conversion layer 161 away from adhesive layer 162. Providing a protective layer on the outside of light conversion layer 161 better protects light conversion layer 161, preventing damage to light conversion layer 161 during use, extending the service life of light conversion layer 161, and reducing the subsequent maintenance costs of photovoltaic module 100.

[0046] As an optional embodiment, the bonding strength between the adhesive layer 162 and the front substrate 11 is less than or equal to 15 N / cm, and the bonding strength between the adhesive layer 162 and the optical conversion layer 161 is greater than or equal to 25 N / cm; the bonding strength between the adhesive layer 162 and the optical conversion layer 161 is greater than the bonding strength between the adhesive layer 162 and the front substrate 11. The bonding strength between the adhesive layer 162 and the optical conversion layer 161 is greater than the bonding strength between the adhesive layer 162 and the front substrate 11, so that the entire optical conversion layer 161 stack can be peeled off from the front substrate 11 when necessary, facilitating replacement of optical conversion layer 161 stacks that are no longer suitable for continued use.

[0047] The structure of the photovoltaic module 100 in the present application is further illustrated below with reference to the embodiments, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to the embodiments.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] like Figure 6 A photovoltaic module 100 is shown, comprising a front substrate 11, a front encapsulation film 12, a cell layer 13, a rear encapsulation film 14, and a rear substrate 15, stacked in sequence. A light conversion laminate 16 is provided on the outer side of the front substrate 11. The light conversion laminate 16 comprises a light conversion layer and an adhesive layer 162. The thickness of the light conversion layer 161 is 0.05 mm, the thickness of the adhesive layer 162 is 0.1 mm, the bonding strength between the adhesive layer 162 and the front substrate 11 is 10.8 N / cm, and the bonding strength between the adhesive layer 162 and the light conversion layer 161 is 46.6 N / cm. The ultraviolet transmittance of the light conversion layer 161 is 3.6%, the ultraviolet light conversion efficiency of the light conversion layer 161 is 77.8%, the infrared light transmittance of the light conversion layer 161 is 40.8%, and the infrared light conversion efficiency of the light conversion layer 161 is 19.7%.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] like Figure 7 A photovoltaic module 100 is shown, comprising a front substrate 11, a front encapsulation film 12, a cell layer 13, a rear encapsulation film 14, and a rear substrate 15 stacked in sequence. A light conversion laminate 16 is also provided on the outside of the front substrate 11. The light conversion laminate 16 comprises a light conversion layer, an adhesive layer 162, and a functional layer 163 disposed between the light conversion layer 161 and the adhesive layer 162. The functional layer 163 serves as an isolation layer. The thickness of the light conversion layer 161 is 0.05 mm, and the thickness of the adhesive layer 162 is 0.1 mm. The bonding strength between the adhesive layer 162 and the front substrate 11 is 10.8 N / cm, the bonding strength between the adhesive layer 162 and the isolation layer is 46.6 N / cm, and the bonding strength between the isolation layer and the light conversion layer 161 is 28.3 N / cm. The ultraviolet transmittance of the light conversion layer 161 is 3.2%, the ultraviolet light conversion efficiency of the light conversion layer 161 is 77.8%, the infrared light transmittance of the light conversion layer 161 is 40.6%, and the infrared light conversion efficiency of the light conversion layer 161 is 19.7%.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] like Figure 8 A photovoltaic module 100 is shown, comprising a front substrate 11, a front encapsulation film 12, a cell layer 13, a rear encapsulation film 14, and a rear substrate 15 stacked in sequence. A light conversion laminate 16 is also provided on the outside of the front substrate 11. The light conversion laminate 16 comprises a light conversion layer, an adhesive layer 162, and a functional layer 163 disposed on the outside of the light conversion layer 161. The functional layer 163 serves as a protective layer. The light conversion layer 161 has a thickness of 0.05 mm, and the adhesive layer 162 has a thickness of 0.1 mm. The bonding strength between the adhesive layer 162 and the front substrate 11 is 10.8 N / cm, the bonding strength between the adhesive layer 162 and the light conversion layer 161 is 46.6 N / cm, and the bonding strength between the protective layer and the light conversion layer 161 is 32.7 N / cm. The ultraviolet transmittance of the light conversion layer 161 is 3.3%, the ultraviolet light conversion efficiency of the light conversion layer 161 is 77.8%, the infrared light transmittance of the light conversion layer 161 is 40.6%, and the infrared light conversion efficiency of the light conversion layer 161 is 19.7%.

[0054] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or changes based on the above description, and all such improvements and changes should fall within the scope of protection of the claims appended to this application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module comprising a front substrate, a front encapsulation film, a cell layer, a rear encapsulation film, and a rear substrate stacked in sequence, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module further includes a light conversion stack connected to a side of the front substrate away from the front encapsulation film; The light conversion stack includes a light conversion layer and an adhesive layer. The adhesive layer is disposed close to the front substrate. The light conversion layer is connected to a side of the adhesive layer away from the front substrate.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultraviolet light transmittance of the light conversion layer is less than or equal to 5%, and the ultraviolet light conversion rate of the light conversion layer is greater than or equal to 70%; the infrared light transmittance of the light conversion layer is less than or equal to 50%, and the infrared light conversion rate of the light conversion layer is greater than or equal to 10%.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein: The Shore hardness of the light conversion layer is greater than or equal to 50HA; The light transmittance of the light conversion layer is greater than or equal to 85%.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein: The thickness of the optical conversion layer is greater than or equal to 0.05 mm and less than or equal to 1.00 mm; The thickness of the adhesive layer is greater than or equal to 0.001 mm and less than or equal to 0.50 mm.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thickness of the optical conversion layer is greater than or equal to 0.09 mm and less than or equal to 0.20 mm; The thickness of the adhesive layer is greater than or equal to 0.02 mm and less than or equal to 0.05 mm.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bonding layer includes one of an acrylic bonding layer, a silicone bonding layer or a rubber bonding layer.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light conversion stack further includes a functional layer, which is disposed at at least one of a side of the light conversion layer away from the adhesive layer or between the light conversion layer and the adhesive layer.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that: The functional layer is a protective layer, and the protective layer is arranged on a side of the light conversion layer away from the bonding layer.

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bonding strength between the bonding layer and the front substrate is greater than or equal to 4 N / cm and less than or equal to 15 N / cm, and the bonding strength between the bonding layer and the light conversion layer is greater than or equal to 25 N / cm; The bonding strength between the bonding layer and the light conversion layer is greater than the bonding strength between the bonding layer and the front substrate.

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