Acid leaching tail gas treatment device

Abstract

The utility model provides an acid leaching tail gas treatment device. The device comprises a pressure supplementing unit, a leaching unit, an adsorption unit and an absorption unit which are connected in sequence, the absorption unit comprises a jet tower, the jet tower comprises an upper tower body and a lower tower body, a jet vacuum pump is arranged at the top of the upper tower body, an inner pipe and an outer pipe are longitudinally arranged in the upper tower body, and the jet vacuum pump is connected with the inner pipe; the jet vacuum pump and the upper tower body form a first circulating pipeline on the outer side, and the jet vacuum pump and the lower tower body form a second circulating pipeline on the outer side; and cooling pipelines are arranged in the upper tower body and the lower tower body. Acid leaching tail gas is fully discharged into the adsorption unit and the absorption unit through the pressure supplementing unit, most of the acid tail gas is neutralized through an alkali liquor adsorption reaction, the remaining acid tail gas enters the jet tower, and almost all the acid tail gas is absorbed by the jet vacuum pump in cooperation with the circulating assembly and the cooling assembly through the structural design of the jet tower. The wastewater reaches the standard and is discharged; the device is reasonable in structural design, flexible to operate and wide in application range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of tail gas treatment and relates to an acid leaching tail gas treatment device. Background Art

[0002] Air pollution, one of the three major sources of pollution, has become increasingly serious with the development of human society and modern industry. The main sources of air pollution include industrial emissions, coal combustion, and vehicle exhaust. Industrial exhaust comes from a wide variety of sources and types. For example, in the chemical industry, reactions between various chemical substances often produce polluting exhaust gases while producing desired products.

[0003] Acid leaching, for example, typically uses inorganic acids as leaching agents to extract valuable components from materials such as minerals and solid waste. The leaching process is often accompanied by the volatilization of the inorganic acid, producing acidic off-gas. This volatilization is particularly intense under heating conditions, and it often combines with water vapor in the air to produce small acidic droplets, forming acid mist. If uncontrolled, this off-gas can damage human skin and mucous membranes, cause pneumonia, and corrode production equipment. Failure to meet emission standards can easily pollute and damage ecological environments such as water, soil, and air. Therefore, it must be treated before discharge.

[0004] Typically, acidic tail gas is treated by spraying alkaline liquid through a spray absorption tower. CN 215842401U discloses a hydrochloric acid tail gas absorption tower comprising a tower body, a mounting base, a fixed shaft, a first spray device, a first condenser, and an adsorption device. The first spray device is disposed around the fixed shaft and has a connection point with the fixed shaft, the connection point having multiple different heights. The vertical surface of the first spray device is provided with a plurality of spray holes. The first condenser is horizontally disposed around the fixed shaft, and the adsorption device is located above the first spray device. CN 209501320U discloses a nitric acid tail gas recovery device comprising a spray tower, the air inlet of which is connected to a tail gas inlet pipe and a cooling chamber. A spray structure is provided at the top of the spray tower, which is connected to an alkaline solution supply device via a liquid inlet pipe. An exhaust port is provided at the top of the spray tower, which is equipped with an online tail gas monitoring system. The outlet of the online tail gas monitoring system is connected to first and second exhaust pipes, the former of which is open to the atmosphere and the latter of which is connected to the air inlet at the bottom of the spray tower. All of the above patents use a single spray absorption tower structure to treat acidic tail gas, but the treatment effect of this single device is relatively poor and may not meet tail gas emission standards.

[0005] CN 111514727A discloses a recovery device and method for acidic tail gas emissions from a workshop. The device comprises a first liquid storage tank, a first liquid storage pump, a desulfurization tower, a second liquid storage tank, a second liquid storage pump, a regeneration tank, and a spray tower, all connected in sequence. A first recovery port below the regeneration tank is connected to the first recovery tank, and a reflux port is connected to the first liquid storage tank. The spray tower is equipped with an ammonia sprayer and activated carbon adsorption plates at the top, a second recovery tank at the bottom, and a vent at the top. Adjacent activated carbon adsorption plates are stacked and staggered. The recovery device utilizes a combination of multiple devices, including desulfurization, regeneration, spraying, and adsorption equipment or components. However, the device treats acidic gases, particularly sulfur-containing gases, which originate from different sources and require different treatment methods than inorganic acid tail gas.

[0006] In summary, for the treatment of acidic leaching tail gas, it is necessary to select appropriate equipment and unit operation combinations according to the composition and content of the tail gas, so as to effectively solve the problem of difficult treatment of acidic tail gas in the acidic leaching process and achieve standard emission of acidic tail gas. Utility Model Content

[0007] In response to the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present utility model is to provide an acidic leaching tail gas treatment device, which fully discharges the acidic leaching tail gas into the adsorption and absorption units through a pressure replenishing unit, and sequentially undergoes alkaline liquid adsorption reaction in the adsorption bed and circulating absorption in the jet tower, so that the acidic tail gas can be fully neutralized and can be discharged in compliance with the standards, effectively solving the problem that the acidic tail gas is difficult to completely treat.

[0008] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] The utility model provides an acid leaching tail gas treatment device, which includes a leaching unit, a pressure-compensating unit, an adsorption unit and an absorption unit. The exhaust port of the pressure-compensating unit is connected to the air inlet of the leaching unit, the exhaust port of the leaching unit is connected to the air inlet of the adsorption unit, and the exhaust port of the adsorption unit is connected to the air inlet of the absorption unit.

[0010] The adsorption unit includes an adsorption column, which includes an adsorption column upper cover, an adsorption column body and an adsorption column lower cover from top to bottom; the absorption unit includes a jet tower, which includes an upper tower body and a lower tower body, a jet vacuum pump is provided on the top of the upper tower body, an inner tube and an outer tube are provided in the longitudinal direction of the upper tower body, extending to the top of the lower tower body, the outer tube is sleeved on the outside of the inner tube, and a gap is left between the two, and the jet vacuum pump is connected to the inner tube; the jet vacuum pump and the lower part of the upper tower body form a first circulation pipeline on the outside of the upper tower body, and the jet vacuum pump and the lower part of the lower tower body form a second circulation pipeline on the outside of the jet tower;

[0011] An air inlet is provided at the upper portion of the upper tower body, an exhaust port is provided at the upper portion of the outer tube in the upper tower body, cooling pipelines are provided in both the upper tower body and the lower tower body, and a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are provided on the lower tower body.

[0012] In the present invention, for the treatment of acidic leaching tail gas, according to the commonly used inorganic acid types, the tail gas is usually volatile hydrochloric acid and nitric acid. First, a pressure replenishing unit is used to fully discharge the acidic tail gas in the leaching unit, and an adsorption unit and an absorption unit are set in sequence. The former selects an adsorption column and an alkaline solution, and most of the acidic tail gas is neutralized through adsorption reaction. The remaining acidic tail gas is passed into a jet tower. Through the design of the jet tower structure, the jet vacuum pump is combined with a circulation component and a cooling component to absorb almost all of the acidic tail gas, thereby achieving standard emission of the acidic tail gas. The device structure is reasonably designed, and the components can be adjusted according to the composition of the tail gas. The operation is flexible and the application range is wide.

[0013] The following are preferred technical solutions of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the technical solutions provided by the present invention. Through the following technical solutions, the technical objectives and beneficial effects of the present invention can be better achieved and realized.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the leaching unit includes an leaching tank, which includes an leaching tank body and an leaching tank cover. A jacket is provided on the outside of the leaching tank body, a stirring element is provided in the middle of the leaching tank, and a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the leaching tank.

[0015] The leaching tank cover is provided with a feed port, a first liquid inlet, a first air inlet, a first exhaust port, a vent, a first pressure transmitter, a temperature transmitter and a first liquid level transmitter.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the feed port, the first liquid inlet, the first air inlet, the first exhaust port, the vent port and the discharge port of the leaching tank are all connected to pipelines separately, and valves are provided on the pipelines.

[0017] In the utility model, the leaching unit is provided with solid material and acid solution for leaching, the acid solution is hydrochloric acid or nitric acid, stirred by a stirring element, and heated by a jacket; according to the structural setting of the leaching tank, the solid material and the acid solution are added from the feed port and the first liquid inlet respectively, and the slurry is discharged from the discharge port after stirring and heating. The vent is an emergency pressure relief structure provided to prevent the pressure in the leaching tank from being too high; the first pressure transmitter, the temperature transmitter and the first liquid level transmitter respectively detect the pressure, temperature and liquid level in the leaching tank. When the leaching tank is leaching, the pipeline valves of the feed port, the first liquid inlet, the vent and the discharge port are all closed, and only the pipelines of the first air inlet and the first exhaust port are retained for circulation.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the pressure compensating unit includes a gas source and a pressure compensating pipeline, the gas source includes an air source or a nitrogen source, the pressure compensating pipeline is connected to the first air inlet of the leaching tank, and the pressure compensating pipeline is sequentially provided with a filter, a first pressure gauge, a pressure reducing valve, a second pressure gauge, a mass flow controller and a first check valve.

[0019] In the utility model, valves are provided before and after the pipeline of the mass flow controller, and parallel replacement and maintenance pipelines are provided at the mass flow controller, and valves are also provided on the parallel pipelines.

[0020] The pressure-compensating unit is opened during or after the operation of the leaching unit, the gas source and the pressure-compensating pipeline valve are opened, the pressure reducing valve is adjusted so that the value of the second pressure gauge is greater than the value of the leaching tank pressure transmitter, the pipeline valve of the first air inlet of the leaching tank is opened to realize system pressure compensation, the mass flow controller is set to monitor the parameters of the pressure-compensating unit, and the filter and the first check valve are set to prevent solid and liquid impurities brought in by the gas source from entering the leaching unit.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution of the present utility model, the upper cover of the adsorption column is provided with a second liquid inlet, a second exhaust port, a second pressure transmitter and a second liquid level transmitter, the lower cover of the adsorption column is provided with a second air inlet, the first exhaust port of the leaching tank is connected to the second air inlet of the adsorption column, and the lower part of the adsorption column is provided with a second liquid discharge port.

[0022] The second liquid inlet, the second exhaust port, the second air inlet and the second liquid discharge port of the adsorption column are all connected to pipelines separately, and valves are provided on the pipelines.

[0023] In the present invention, the liquid inlet of the second liquid inlet of the adsorption column is an alkaline solution, and the second pressure transmitter and the second liquid level transmitter respectively detect the pressure and the liquid level of the adsorption column.

[0024] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a first microporous aeration disk is provided in the lower cover of the adsorption column, and the second air inlet of the adsorption column is connected to the first microporous aeration disk. The pore size of the first microporous aeration disk is 45 to 250 μm, for example, 45 μm, 50 μm, 75 μm, 100 μm, 125 μm, 150 μm, 175 μm, 200 μm, 225 μm or 250 μm, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within this numerical range are also applicable.

[0025] A distribution plate is provided between the upper cover of the adsorption column and the adsorption column body, and between the lower cover of the adsorption column and the adsorption column body. A demister is provided below the distribution plate at the upper cover of the adsorption column.

[0026] In the utility model, when the device is in operation, the second air inlet pipeline valve is opened, and the acidic leaching tail gas is transported to the first microporous aeration plate through the second air inlet at the bottom of the adsorption column. The acidic leaching tail gas is broken up and evenly intakes from the distribution plate at the bottom of the adsorption column, and is efficiently mixed, cooled, and reacted with the alkaline solution in the adsorption column. Most of the acidic tail gas is retained in the adsorption column, and a small amount of unreacted acidic tail gas is defoamed by the top demister and redistributed by the distribution plate and evenly discharged from the second exhaust port. When the pH of the alkaline solution is close to neutral, it is discharged from the second liquid discharge port, and new alkaline solution is replenished from the second liquid inlet.

[0027] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the absorption unit also includes a cache tank, the top of the cache tank is provided with a third air inlet and a third exhaust port, the bottom of the cache tank is provided with a third drain port, and the lower part of the cache tank is provided with a second microporous aeration disk, the second exhaust port of the adsorption column is connected to the third air inlet of the cache tank, and the third air inlet of the cache tank is downwardly connected to the second microporous aeration disk, and the pore diameter of the second microporous aeration disk is 0.5~2mm, for example, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.75mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 1.2mm, 1.35mm, 1.5mm, 1.75mm or 2mm, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values ​​within this numerical range are also applicable.

[0028] A third pressure gauge is provided on the top of the cache tank, and a liquid level gauge is provided on the side of the cache tank.

[0029] The third air inlet, the third exhaust port and the third liquid discharge port of the cache tank are all connected to pipelines separately, and valves are provided on the pipelines.

[0030] In the present invention, the buffer tank is provided to buffer a small amount of water brought out by the acidic tail gas discharged from the adsorption column or alkaline water brought out by abnormal operation. The third pressure gauge and liquid level gauge respectively detect the pressure and liquid level in the buffer tank, and the liquid in the buffer tank is regularly discharged from the third drain port. The acidic tail gas is dispersed from the third air inlet at the top through the second microporous aeration plate connected to the bottom and then released into the buffer tank. The buffer tank also releases the pressure of the acidic tail gas of the adsorption column, and the acidic tail gas is discharged through the third exhaust port.

[0031] As an optimal technical solution of the present invention, the air inlet of the upper tower body is the fourth air inlet, the third exhaust port of the cache tank is connected to the fourth air inlet of the upper tower body, and a second check valve is provided on the connecting pipeline between the cache tank and the upper tower body.

[0032] The inner tube in the upper tower body is a Venturi tube, the outer tube is a straight tube, and the exhaust port on the upper side of the outer tube is a fourth exhaust port.

[0033] A fourth pressure gauge is provided on the side of the upper tower body.

[0034] The lower side surface of the upper tower body is connected to the side surface of the jet vacuum pump via a first circulation pipeline, and a third check valve is provided on the first circulation pipeline.

[0035] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the lower side surface of the lower tower body is connected to the top of the jet vacuum pump via a second circulation pipeline, and a centrifugal pump is provided on the second circulation pipeline.

[0036] The top of the lower tower body is provided with a third liquid inlet, the bottom of the lower tower body is provided with a fourth liquid discharge port, and the upper part of the lower tower body is provided with an overflow port.

[0037] As an optimal technical solution of the present invention, the cooling pipeline in the upper tower body includes condensing tubes, and the cooling pipeline in the lower tower body includes cooling coils; the medium in the cooling pipeline is cooling water, and the same cooling water or different cooling water is passed through the condensing tubes and the cooling coils.

[0038] When the same cooling water flows into the condensing tubes and the cooling coils, the cooling coils in the lower tower body are connected through the cooling water inlet, and the outlet of the cooling coils is connected to the inlet of the condensing tubes in the upper tower body. The outlet of the condensing tubes is the cooling water outlet.

[0039] In the utility model, the acidic tail gas enters the upper tower body of the jet tower from the third exhaust port of the buffer tank through the second check valve and the fourth air inlet of the jet tower. The second check valve is provided to prevent liquid from entering the jet tower. The acidic tail gas passes through the condensation tubes in the upper tower body, and water vapor is condensed into water mist and water droplets. The water vapor is separated from the acidic tail gas, and the water droplets fall into the lower tower body and are cooled by the cooling coil and stored in the lower tower body. The acidic tail gas after water vapor separation enters the jet vacuum pump from the upper tower body cavity through the first circulation pipeline. The third check valve is provided on the first circulation pipeline to prevent condensed water vapor and liquid from entering the jet vacuum pump.

[0040] The water stored in the lower tower body after cooling and the water replenished from the third liquid inlet are driven by a centrifugal pump through the second circulation pipeline to enter the jet vacuum pump. Under the negative pressure and rapid injection generated by the jet vacuum pump and the Venturi inner tube, the acidic tail gas and water are forcibly broken up, mixed and absorbed by the jet vacuum pump. The formed water mist and droplets enter the lower tower body through the Venturi tube. The gas flows from the bottom to the top of the lower tower body and is mixed and absorbed again with the injected liquid. The liquid in the lower tower body repeatedly enters the jet vacuum pump through the second circulation pipeline and is injected and absorbed with the acidic tail gas again. This cycle repeats until almost all of the acidic tail gas is absorbed and finally discharged from the fourth exhaust port. The liquid in the lower tower body is discharged regularly and new water is replenished from the third liquid inlet. At the same time, an overflow port is also provided in the lower tower body to prevent excessive liquid.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] (1) The device of the utility model fully discharges the acidic leaching tail gas into the adsorption unit and the absorption unit through the pressure replenishing unit. The former selects the adsorption column and the alkali solution to neutralize most of the acidic tail gas through the adsorption reaction, and the remaining acidic tail gas enters the jet tower. Through the design of the jet tower structure, the jet vacuum pump cooperates with the circulation component and the cooling component to absorb almost all of the acidic tail gas. The absorption rate can reach more than 99.9%, achieving the standard emission of acidic tail gas.

[0043] (2) The device of the present invention has a reasonable structural design, can be adjusted according to the composition of the exhaust gas, is flexible to operate, and has a wide range of applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an acid leaching tail gas treatment device provided in Example 1 of the present utility model;

[0045] Among them, 1- leaching unit, 11- leaching tank cover, 111- feed port, 112- first liquid inlet, 113- first air inlet, 114- first exhaust port, 115- vent port, 116- first pressure transmitter, 117- temperature transmitter, 118- first liquid level transmitter, 12- leaching tank body, 121- stirring element, 122- jacket, 123- discharge port;

[0046] 2-pressure compensation unit, 21-gas source, 22-pressure compensation pipeline, 221-filter, 222-first pressure gauge, 223-pressure reducing valve, 224-second pressure gauge, 225-mass flow controller, 226-first check valve;

[0047] 3-adsorption unit, 31-adsorption column upper cover, 311-second liquid inlet, 312-second pressure transmitter, 313-second liquid level transmitter, 314-second exhaust port, 32-adsorption column, 321-second liquid discharge port, 322-distribution plate, 323-demister, 33-adsorption column lower cover, 331-second air inlet, 332-first microporous aeration disk;

[0048] 4-absorption unit, 41-buffer tank, 411-third pressure gauge, 412-liquid level gauge, 413-third air inlet, 414-third exhaust port, 415-second microporous aeration plate, 416-third liquid discharge port, 42-jet tower, 421-upper tower body, 422-lower tower body, 423-centrifugal pump, 424-jet vacuum pump, 425-fourth air inlet, 426-fourth exhaust port, 427- Inner tube, 428-outer tube, 429-second check valve, 4210-fourth pressure gauge, 4211-first circulation pipeline, 4212-third check valve, 4213-second circulation pipeline, 4214-third liquid inlet, 4215-fourth liquid discharge port, 4216-overflow port, 4217-cooling water inlet, 4218-cooling water outlet, 4219-condensation tube, 4220-cooling coil. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to better illustrate the present invention and facilitate understanding of the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below. However, the following embodiments are merely simple examples of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the claims.

[0050] The following are typical but non-limiting embodiments of the present invention:

[0051] Example 1:

[0052] This embodiment provides an acid leaching tail gas treatment device, the structural diagram of the treatment device is as follows Figure 1 As shown, it includes an extraction unit 1, a pressure-compensating unit 2, an adsorption unit 3 and an absorption unit 4. The exhaust port of the pressure-compensating unit 2 is connected to the air inlet of the extraction unit 1, the exhaust port of the extraction unit 1 is connected to the air inlet of the adsorption unit 3, and the exhaust port of the adsorption unit 3 is connected to the air inlet of the absorption unit 4;

[0053] The adsorption unit 3 includes an adsorption column, which includes an adsorption column upper cover 31, an adsorption column body 32 and an adsorption column lower cover 33 from top to bottom; the absorption unit 4 includes a jet tower 42, which includes an upper tower body 421 and a lower tower body 422. A jet vacuum pump 424 is provided at the top of the upper tower body 421. An inner tube 427 and an outer tube 428 are longitudinally provided in the upper tower body 421, extending to the top of the lower tower body 422. The outer tube 428 is sleeved on the outside of the inner tube 427 with a gap between the two. The jet vacuum pump 424 is connected to the inner tube 427; the jet vacuum pump 424 and the lower part of the upper tower body 421 form a first circulation pipeline 4211 on the outside of the upper tower body 421, and the jet vacuum pump 424 and the lower part of the lower tower body 422 form a second circulation pipeline 4213 on the outside of the jet tower 42;

[0054] An air inlet is provided at the top of the upper tower body 421 , an exhaust port is provided at the top of the outer tube 428 of the upper tower body 421 , cooling pipelines are provided in both the upper tower body 421 and the lower tower body 422 , and a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are provided on the lower tower body 422 .

[0055] The leaching unit 1 includes a leaching tank, which includes a leaching tank cover 11 and a leaching tank body 12. A jacket 122 is provided on the outside of the leaching tank body 12. A stirring member 121 is provided in the middle of the leaching tank. A discharge port 123 is provided at the bottom of the leaching tank.

[0056] The leaching tank cover 11 is provided with a feed port 111, a first liquid inlet 112, a first air inlet 113, a first exhaust port 114, a vent 115, a first pressure transmitter 116, a temperature transmitter 117 and a first liquid level transmitter 118.

[0057] The acid solution added to the leaching tank is hydrochloric acid, and the acidic leaching tail gas is hydrochloric acid tail gas.

[0058] The feed port 111, the first liquid inlet 112, the first air inlet 113, the first exhaust port 114, the vent port 115 and the discharge port 123 of the leaching tank are all connected to pipelines separately, and valves are provided on the pipelines.

[0059] The pressure compensating unit 2 includes an air source 21 and a pressure compensating pipeline 22. The air source 21 includes an air source. The pressure compensating pipeline 22 is connected to the first air inlet 113 of the leaching tank. The pressure compensating pipeline 22 is provided with a filter 221, a first pressure gauge 222, a pressure reducing valve 223, a second pressure gauge 224, a mass flow controller 225 and a first check valve 226 in sequence.

[0060] The upper cover 31 of the adsorption column is provided with a second liquid inlet 311, a second exhaust port 314, a second pressure transmitter 312 and a second liquid level transmitter 313. The lower cover 33 of the adsorption column is provided with a second air inlet 331. The first exhaust port 114 of the leaching tank is connected to the second air inlet 331 of the adsorption column. The lower part of the adsorption column body 32 is provided with a second liquid discharge port 321.

[0061] The second liquid inlet 311 , the second exhaust port 314 , the second air inlet 331 and the second liquid discharge port 321 of the adsorption column are all connected to pipelines separately, and valves are provided on the pipelines.

[0062] A first microporous aeration disk 332 is provided in the lower cover 33 of the adsorption column, and the second air inlet 331 of the adsorption column is connected to the first microporous aeration disk 332 ; the pore size of the first microporous aeration disk 332 is 80 μm.

[0063] A distribution plate 322 is provided between the adsorption column upper cover 31 and the adsorption column body 32 , and between the adsorption column lower cover 33 and the adsorption column body 32 . A demister 323 is provided below the distribution plate 322 at the adsorption column upper cover 31 .

[0064] The absorption unit 4 also includes a cache tank 41, the top of which is provided with a third air inlet 413 and a third exhaust port 414, the bottom of which is provided with a third drain port 416, and the lower part of the cache tank 41 is provided with a second microporous aeration disk 415, the second exhaust port 314 of the adsorption column is connected to the third air inlet 413 of the cache tank 41, and the third air inlet 413 of the cache tank 41 is downwardly connected to the second microporous aeration disk 415, and the aperture of the second microporous aeration disk 415 is 1.5 mm.

[0065] A third pressure gauge 411 is provided on the top of the cache tank 41 , and a liquid level gauge 412 is provided on the side of the cache tank 41 .

[0066] The third air inlet 413 , the third air outlet 414 and the third liquid discharge port 416 of the cache tank 41 are all connected to pipelines separately, and valves are provided on the pipelines.

[0067] The air inlet of the upper tower body 421 is the fourth air inlet 425 , the third exhaust port 414 of the buffer tank 41 is connected to the fourth air inlet 425 of the upper tower body 421 , and a second check valve 429 is provided on the connecting pipeline between the buffer tank 41 and the upper tower body 421 .

[0068] The inner tube 427 in the upper tower body 421 is a Venturi tube, the outer tube 428 is a straight tube, and the exhaust port on the upper side of the outer tube 428 is the fourth exhaust port 426 .

[0069] A fourth pressure gauge 4210 is provided on the side of the upper tower body 421 .

[0070] The lower side surface of the upper tower body 421 is connected to the side surface of the jet vacuum pump 424 via a first circulation pipeline 4211 , and a third check valve 4212 is provided on the first circulation pipeline 4211 .

[0071] The lower side surface of the lower tower body 422 is connected to the top of the jet vacuum pump 424 via a second circulation pipeline 4213 , and a centrifugal pump 423 is provided on the second circulation pipeline 4213 .

[0072] A third liquid inlet 4214 is provided at the top of the lower tower body 422 , a fourth liquid discharge port 4215 is provided at the bottom of the lower tower body 422 , and an overflow port 4216 is provided at the upper portion of the lower tower body 422 .

[0073] The cooling pipeline in the upper tower body 421 includes a condensing tube 4219, and the cooling pipeline in the lower tower body 422 includes a cooling coil 4220; the medium in the cooling pipeline is cooling water, and the same cooling water flows into the condensing tube 4219 and the cooling coil 4220, and is connected to the cooling coil 4220 in the lower tower body 422 through the cooling water inlet 4217. The outlet of the cooling coil 4220 is connected to the inlet of the condensing tube 4219 of the upper tower body 421, and the outlet of the condensing tube 4219 is the cooling water outlet 4218.

[0074] Example 2:

[0075] This embodiment provides an acidic leaching tail gas treatment device, which includes a leaching unit 1, a pressure-compensating unit 2, an adsorption unit 3, and an absorption unit 4. The exhaust port of the pressure-compensating unit 2 is connected to the air inlet of the leaching unit 1, the exhaust port of the leaching unit 1 is connected to the air inlet of the adsorption unit 3, and the exhaust port of the adsorption unit 3 is connected to the air inlet of the absorption unit 4.

[0076] The adsorption unit 3 includes an adsorption column, which includes an adsorption column upper cover 31, an adsorption column body 32 and an adsorption column lower cover 33 from top to bottom; the absorption unit 4 includes a jet tower 42, which includes an upper tower body 421 and a lower tower body 422. A jet vacuum pump 424 is provided at the top of the upper tower body 421. An inner tube 427 and an outer tube 428 are longitudinally provided in the upper tower body 421, extending to the top of the lower tower body 422. The outer tube 428 is sleeved on the outside of the inner tube 427 with a gap between the two. The jet vacuum pump 424 is connected to the inner tube 427; the jet vacuum pump 424 and the lower part of the upper tower body 421 form a first circulation pipeline 4211 on the outside of the upper tower body 421, and the jet vacuum pump 424 and the lower part of the lower tower body 422 form a second circulation pipeline 4213 on the outside of the jet tower 42;

[0077] An air inlet is provided at the top of the upper tower body 421 , an exhaust port is provided at the top of the outer tube 428 of the upper tower body 421 , cooling pipelines are provided in both the upper tower body 421 and the lower tower body 422 , and a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are provided on the lower tower body 422 .

[0078] The leaching unit 1 includes a leaching tank, which includes a leaching tank cover 11 and a leaching tank body 12. A jacket 122 is provided on the outside of the leaching tank body 12. A stirring member 121 is provided in the middle of the leaching tank. A discharge port 123 is provided at the bottom of the leaching tank.

[0079] The leaching tank cover 11 is provided with a feed port 111, a first liquid inlet 112, a first air inlet 113, a first exhaust port 114, a vent 115, a first pressure transmitter 116, a temperature transmitter 117 and a first liquid level transmitter 118.

[0080] The acid solution added to the leaching tank is nitric acid, and the acidic leaching tail gas is nitric acid tail gas.

[0081] The feed port 111, the first liquid inlet 112, the first air inlet 113, the first exhaust port 114, the vent port 115 and the discharge port 123 of the leaching tank are all connected to pipelines separately, and valves are provided on the pipelines.

[0082] The pressure compensating unit 2 includes a gas source 21 and a pressure compensating pipeline 22. The gas source 21 includes a nitrogen source. The pressure compensating pipeline 22 is connected to the first air inlet 113 of the leaching tank. The pressure compensating pipeline 22 is sequentially provided with a filter 221, a first pressure gauge 222, a pressure reducing valve 223, a second pressure gauge 224, a mass flow controller 225 and a first check valve 226.

[0083] The upper cover 31 of the adsorption column is provided with a second liquid inlet 311, a second exhaust port 314, a second pressure transmitter 312 and a second liquid level transmitter 313. The lower cover 33 of the adsorption column is provided with a second air inlet 331. The first exhaust port 114 of the leaching tank is connected to the second air inlet 331 of the adsorption column. The lower part of the adsorption column body 32 is provided with a second liquid discharge port 321.

[0084] The second liquid inlet 311 , the second exhaust port 314 , the second air inlet 331 and the second liquid discharge port 321 of the adsorption column are all connected to pipelines separately, and valves are provided on the pipelines.

[0085] A first microporous aeration disk 332 is provided in the lower cover 33 of the adsorption column, and the second air inlet 331 of the adsorption column is connected to the first microporous aeration disk 332 ; the pore size of the first microporous aeration disk 332 is 150 μm.

[0086] A distribution plate 322 is provided between the adsorption column upper cover 31 and the adsorption column body 32 , and between the adsorption column lower cover 33 and the adsorption column body 32 . A demister 323 is provided below the distribution plate 322 at the adsorption column upper cover 31 .

[0087] The absorption unit 4 also includes a cache tank 41, the top of which is provided with a third air inlet 413 and a third exhaust port 414, the bottom of which is provided with a third drain port 416, and the lower part of the cache tank 41 is provided with a second microporous aeration disk 415, the second exhaust port 314 of the adsorption column is connected to the third air inlet 413 of the cache tank 41, and the third air inlet 413 of the cache tank 41 is downwardly connected to the second microporous aeration disk 415, and the aperture of the second microporous aeration disk 415 is 0.75 mm.

[0088] A third pressure gauge 411 is provided on the top of the cache tank 41 , and a liquid level gauge 412 is provided on the side of the cache tank 41 .

[0089] The third air inlet 413 , the third air outlet 414 and the third liquid discharge port 416 of the cache tank 41 are all connected to pipelines separately, and valves are provided on the pipelines.

[0090] The air inlet of the upper tower body 421 is the fourth air inlet 425 , the third exhaust port 414 of the buffer tank 41 is connected to the fourth air inlet 425 of the upper tower body 421 , and a second check valve 429 is provided on the connecting pipeline between the buffer tank 41 and the upper tower body 421 .

[0091] The inner tube 427 in the upper tower body 421 is a Venturi tube, the outer tube 428 is a straight tube, and the exhaust port on the upper side of the outer tube 428 is the fourth exhaust port 426 .

[0092] A fourth pressure gauge 4210 is provided on the side of the upper tower body 421 .

[0093] The lower side surface of the upper tower body 421 is connected to the side surface of the jet vacuum pump 424 via a first circulation pipeline 4211 , and a third check valve 4212 is provided on the first circulation pipeline 4211 .

[0094] The lower side surface of the lower tower body 422 is connected to the top of the jet vacuum pump 424 via a second circulation pipeline 4213 , and a centrifugal pump 423 is provided on the second circulation pipeline 4213 .

[0095] A third liquid inlet 4214 is provided at the top of the lower tower body 422 , a fourth liquid discharge port 4215 is provided at the bottom of the lower tower body 422 , and an overflow port 4216 is provided at the upper portion of the lower tower body 422 .

[0096] The cooling pipeline in the upper tower body 421 includes a condensing tube 4219, and the cooling pipeline in the lower tower body 422 includes a cooling coil 4220; the medium in the cooling pipeline is cooling water, and different streams of cooling water are passed through the condensing tube 4219 and the cooling coil 4220; the condensing tube 4219 and the cooling coil 4220 are each provided with a cooling water inlet 4217 and a cooling water outlet 4218.

[0097] The treatment of acid leaching tail gas using the device in the above embodiment includes the following steps:

[0098] (1) adding solid material and acid solution into the leaching tank, stirring and heating them by the stirring element and the jacket to form a slurry to generate acidic leaching tail gas, and the pressure replenishing unit adjusting the gas pressure to discharge the acidic tail gas into the adsorption unit;

[0099] (2) adding alkali solution to the adsorption column, and the acidic tail gas enters the adsorption column through the first microporous aeration disk at the bottom of the adsorption column, and then enters the absorption unit after the acidic tail gas undergoes adsorption reaction with the alkali solution;

[0100] (3) The acidic tail gas enters the jet tower after passing through the buffer tank, and water is added to the jet tower. The acidic tail gas and water are circulated, sprayed, mixed, and cooled through a centrifugal pump, a jet vacuum pump, a condenser tube, a cooling coil, a first circulation pipeline, and a second circulation pipeline. After the acidic tail gas is completely absorbed, the remaining gas is discharged.

[0101] From the above embodiments, it can be seen that the device of the present invention fully discharges the acidic leaching tail gas into the adsorption unit and the absorption unit through the pressure replenishing unit. The former selects the adsorption column and the alkali solution, and neutralizes most of the acidic tail gas through the adsorption reaction. The remaining acidic tail gas enters the jet tower. Through the design of the jet tower structure, the jet vacuum pump cooperates with the circulation component and the cooling component to absorb almost all of the acidic tail gas. The absorption rate can reach more than 99.9%, and the acidic tail gas is discharged in compliance with the standards. The device has a reasonable structural design, and the components can be adjusted according to the composition of the tail gas. It is flexible to operate and has a wide range of applications.

[0102] The applicant declares that while the above-described embodiments illustrate the detailed apparatus of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the above-described detailed apparatus, nor does it imply that the present invention must rely on the above-described detailed apparatus in order to be implemented. Persons skilled in the art should understand that any improvements to the present invention, equivalent replacements for the apparatus of the present invention, additions of auxiliary devices, and selections of specific methods, etc., fall within the scope of protection and disclosure of the present invention.

Claims

1. An acid leaching tail gas treatment device, characterized in that: The processing device includes a leaching unit, a pressure-compensating unit, an adsorption unit and an absorption unit, wherein the exhaust port of the pressure-compensating unit is connected to the air inlet of the leaching unit, the exhaust port of the leaching unit is connected to the air inlet of the adsorption unit, and the exhaust port of the adsorption unit is connected to the air inlet of the absorption unit; The adsorption unit includes an adsorption column, which includes an adsorption column upper cover, an adsorption column body and an adsorption column lower cover from top to bottom; the absorption unit includes a jet tower, which includes an upper tower body and a lower tower body, a jet vacuum pump is provided on the top of the upper tower body, an inner tube and an outer tube are provided in the longitudinal direction of the upper tower body, extending to the top of the lower tower body, the outer tube is sleeved on the outside of the inner tube, and a gap is left between the two, and the jet vacuum pump is connected to the inner tube; the jet vacuum pump and the lower part of the upper tower body form a first circulation pipeline on the outside of the upper tower body, and the jet vacuum pump and the lower part of the lower tower body form a second circulation pipeline on the outside of the jet tower; An air inlet is provided at the upper portion of the upper tower body, an exhaust port is provided at the upper portion of the outer tube in the upper tower body, cooling pipelines are provided in both the upper tower body and the lower tower body, and a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are provided on the lower tower body.

2. The acid leaching tail gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leaching unit includes an leaching tank, which includes an leaching tank body and an leaching tank cover. A jacket is provided on the outside of the leaching tank body, a stirring element is provided in the middle of the leaching tank, and a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the leaching tank. The leaching tank cover is provided with a feed port, a first liquid inlet, a first air inlet, a first exhaust port, a vent, a first pressure transmitter, a temperature transmitter and a first liquid level transmitter.

3. The acidic leaching tail gas treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feed port, the first liquid inlet, the first air inlet, the first exhaust port, the vent port and the discharge port of the leaching tank are all connected to pipelines separately, and valves are provided on the pipelines.

4. The acid leaching tail gas treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure compensating unit includes a gas source and a pressure compensating pipeline. The gas source includes an air source or a nitrogen source. The pressure compensating pipeline is connected to the first air inlet of the leaching tank. A filter, a first pressure gauge, a pressure reducing valve, a second pressure gauge, a mass flow controller and a first check valve are sequentially arranged on the pressure compensating pipeline.

5. The acidic leaching tail gas treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper cover of the adsorption column is provided with a second liquid inlet, a second exhaust port, a second pressure transmitter and a second liquid level transmitter; the lower cover of the adsorption column is provided with a second air inlet; the first exhaust port of the leaching tank is connected to the second air inlet of the adsorption column; the lower part of the adsorption column is provided with a second liquid discharge port; The second liquid inlet, the second exhaust port, the second air inlet and the second liquid discharge port of the adsorption column are all connected to pipelines separately, and valves are provided on the pipelines.

6. The acid leaching tail gas treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first microporous aeration disk is provided in the lower cover of the adsorption column, and the second air inlet of the adsorption column is connected to the first microporous aeration disk; the pore size of the first microporous aeration disk is 45 to 250 μm; A distribution plate is provided between the upper cover of the adsorption column and the adsorption column body, and between the lower cover of the adsorption column and the adsorption column body. A demister is provided below the distribution plate at the upper cover of the adsorption column.

7. The acidic leaching tail gas treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The absorption unit also includes a buffer tank, the top of the buffer tank is provided with a third air inlet and a third exhaust port, the bottom of the buffer tank is provided with a third drain port, the lower part of the buffer tank is provided with a second microporous aeration disk, the second exhaust port of the adsorption column is connected to the third air inlet of the buffer tank, and the third air inlet of the buffer tank is downwardly connected to the second microporous aeration disk, and the aperture of the second microporous aeration disk is 0.5 to 2 mm; A third pressure gauge is provided on the top of the cache tank, and a liquid level gauge is provided on the side of the cache tank; The third air inlet, the third exhaust port and the third liquid discharge port of the cache tank are all connected to pipelines separately, and valves are provided on the pipelines.

8. The acidic leaching tail gas treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The air inlet of the upper tower body is the fourth air inlet, the third exhaust port of the buffer tank is connected to the fourth air inlet of the upper tower body, and a second check valve is provided on the connecting pipe between the buffer tank and the upper tower body; The inner tube in the upper tower body is a Venturi tube, the outer tube is a straight tube, and the exhaust port on the upper side of the outer tube is a fourth exhaust port; A fourth pressure gauge is provided on the side of the upper tower body; The lower side surface of the upper tower body is connected to the side surface of the jet vacuum pump via a first circulation pipeline, and a third check valve is provided on the first circulation pipeline.

9. The acid leaching tail gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower side surface of the lower tower body is connected to the top of the jet vacuum pump via a second circulation pipeline, and a centrifugal pump is provided on the second circulation pipeline; The top of the lower tower body is provided with a third liquid inlet, the bottom of the lower tower body is provided with a fourth liquid discharge port, and the upper part of the lower tower body is provided with an overflow port.

10. The acidic leaching tail gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling pipeline in the upper tower body includes condensing tubes, and the cooling pipeline in the lower tower body includes cooling coils; the medium in the cooling pipeline is cooling water, and the condensing tubes and the cooling coils are fed with the same cooling water or different cooling water; When the same cooling water flows into the condensing tubes and the cooling coils, the cooling coils in the lower tower body are connected through the cooling water inlet, and the outlet of the cooling coils is connected to the inlet of the condensing tubes in the upper tower body. The outlet of the condensing tubes is the cooling water outlet.

Images