Ammonia fuel ventilation mast and dry bulk carrier

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of cargo ships, and discloses an ammonia fuel ventilation mast and a dry bulk cargo ship, the ammonia fuel ventilation mast comprises a tower, a cantilever, an inhaul cable and a ventilation pipe, the tower is vertically arranged and is provided with a first channel; the cantilever is connected with the tower and forms an included angle with the tower, the end, away from the tower, of the cantilever inclines upwards, and the cantilever is provided with a second channel. Two ends of the inhaul cable are respectively connected with the top end of the tower and one end of the cantilever away from the tower; the vent pipe sequentially penetrates through the first channel and the second channel, and one end of the vent pipe penetrates out of the second channel to form an outlet. The tower is mounted at the tail section of the ship body, and the cantilever extends towards the outer side of the ship body, so that the outlet of the vent pipe at the end part of the cantilever can be far away from the tail part of the ship body, the toxic area of ammonia is partially transferred to the outside of the ship tail, the requirement of laws and regulations on a 25m spacing distance is met, and the application of ammonia fuel on small and medium-sized dry bulk cargo ships is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of cargo ships, in particular to an ammonia fuel breathable mast and a dry bulk cargo ship. Background Art

[0002] Ammonia, as a marine fuel, contains no carbon in its emissions and produces no carbon dioxide when burned, making it a truly zero-carbon fuel. However, ammonia itself is toxic. Ammonia vapor from existing fuel tanks is primarily discharged through the vent mast. Due to its high pressure, the vapor can cause toxicity to spread over a wider area. Regulations stipulate that the area within 25 meters (or the ship's width, whichever is smaller) of the vent mast outlet is a toxic zone. Due to their size limitations, small and medium-sized dry bulk carriers are unable to meet the regulatory requirement of a minimum 25-meter separation between the vent mast and superstructure living areas, lifeboats, and escape routes. Consequently, ammonia fuel cannot be used for propulsion, forcing them to rely on more traditional diesel fuel, which inevitably increases carbon emissions and causes environmental pollution. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an ammonia fuel breathable mast, which can partially transfer the 25m toxic zone of ammonia to the outside of the stern, meet the regulatory requirements for a 25m separation distance, and realize the application of ammonia fuel on small and medium-sized dry bulk carriers.

[0004] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: an ammonia fuel ventilation mast, comprising a tower, a cantilever, a cable and a ventilation pipe, the tower is arranged vertically and is provided with a first channel; the cantilever is connected to the tower and arranged at an angle to the tower, and the end of the cantilever away from the tower is inclined upward, and the cantilever is provided with a second channel; the two ends of the cable are respectively connected to the top of the tower and the end of the cantilever away from the tower; the ventilation pipe is sequentially passed through the first channel and the second channel, one end of the ventilation pipe passes through the second channel and forms an outlet, and the other end passes through the first channel and is connected to the external ammonia fuel tank.

[0005] Preferably, the angle between the center line of the second channel and the tower is θ, which satisfies: 130°≤θ≤150°.

[0006] Preferably, the cantilever includes three main beams, which are arranged in a triangle, one of the main beams is connected to the other two main beams through two first connecting members, and the second channel is arranged above the main beam between the two first connecting members.

[0007] Preferably, the ammonia fuel ventilation mast also includes a maintenance ladder, which includes a first stair section and a second stair section. The first stair section is vertically arranged in the tower and located on one side of the first channel. The second stair section is parallel to the second channel and located above the second channel.

[0008] Preferably, the maintenance ladder further comprises a protection ring, which is arranged around the outer circumference of the maintenance ladder.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of the cables are provided, and the plurality of cables are spaced apart and parallel to each other along the width direction of the cantilever.

[0010] Preferably, the tower is provided with a connecting portion, which is located above the connection between the cantilever and the tower, and the outer diameter of the connecting portion gradually decreases upward in the vertical direction, and the plurality of cables are respectively connected to the top end of the connecting portion.

[0011] Preferably, one end of the air vent tube passing through the second channel is connected to a pressure relief valve.

[0012] Another object of the present invention is to provide a dry bulk carrier, in which the outlet of the ventilation mast is located outside the stern of the hull, meeting the regulatory requirement of a 25m spacing distance, and realizing the application of ammonia fuel on small and medium-sized dry bulk carriers.

[0013] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a dry bulk carrier, comprising a hull and the above-mentioned ammonia fuel ventilation mast, the ammonia fuel ventilation mast being installed on the stern deck of the hull, the hull being provided with a living area, and the cantilever extending toward the outside of the hull from one end of the tower so that the distance between the outlet and the living area is greater than 25m.

[0014] Preferably, the ammonia fuel breathable mast is arranged at the center of the aft deck; or a lifeboat is arranged on the aft deck, and the ammonia fuel breathable mast and the lifeboat are respectively located on both sides of the aft deck in the ship width direction.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model include: by providing an inclined cantilever, mounting the tower at the stern of the hull, and extending the cantilever outward, the outlet of the vent pipe at the end of the cantilever can be positioned away from the stern of the hull, thereby partially shifting the ammonia's 25-meter toxic zone toward the exterior of the stern, reducing the overlap between the toxic zone and the hull deck area, and reserving sufficient space at the stern for crew living quarters, lifeboats, and escape routes, meeting the regulatory requirement for a 25-meter separation distance and enabling the use of ammonia fuel on small and medium-sized dry bulk carriers. By providing a tower and cables, the tower provides stable support for the cantilever and a fulcrum for the cables. The tower and cables work together to form a stable triangular structure, effectively improving the structural stability of the cantilever.

[0016] The utility model also proposes a dry bulk carrier, in which a breathable mast is extended toward the outside of the stern of the hull, meeting the legal requirement of a 25m spacing distance, and realizing the application of ammonia fuel on small and medium-sized dry bulk carriers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the ammonia fuel ventilation mast of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Cross-section at AA;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a top view of the ammonia fuel ventilation mast of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 is a top view of a dry bulk carrier according to a first embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 is a top view of a dry bulk carrier according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a top view of a dry bulk carrier according to a third embodiment of the present utility model.

[0023] In the picture:

[0024] 100, tower; 110, column; 120, second connecting member; 130, connecting portion;

[0025] 200, cantilever; 210, main beam; 220, first connecting member;

[0026] 300, cable;

[0027] 400, vent pipe; 410, outlet; 420, pressure relief valve;

[0028] 500, maintenance ladder; 510, first stair section; 520, second stair section; 530, protection ring;

[0029] 600. Hull; 610. Living quarters; 620. Lifeboat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings only illustrate portions relevant to the present invention, not all of its components.

[0031] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0033] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," and other orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely for ease of description and simplified operation. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used solely for descriptive purposes and have no special meaning.

[0034] Reference Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an ammonia fuel ventilation mast provided according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a tower 100, a cantilever 200, a cable 300, and a ventilation pipe 400. The tower 100 is arranged vertically and is provided with an openable and closable first passage. Optionally, the tower 100 is a truss structure with a quadrilateral bottom shape. The tower 100 is composed of four vertical columns 110 and second connecting members 120 between the columns 110. The second connecting members 120 include multiple horizontal rods and multiple diagonal rods connected between two adjacent columns 110. The horizontal rods and diagonal rods are staggered in the vertical direction. The first passage is provided within the tower 100. The height of the tower 100 is between 10-15 meters, and the bottom side length is between 2-3 meters. The size of the tower 100 is not specifically limited here. Users can set the appropriate size of the tower 100 according to the size of the ship and the deck surface layout.

[0035] One end of the boom 200 is connected to the tower 100. The boom 200 and the tower 100 are arranged at an angle, and the end of the boom 200 away from the tower 100 is tilted upward. The interior of the boom 200 is provided with an openable and closable second passage. The ends of the cable 300 are respectively connected to the top of the tower 100 and the end of the boom 200 away from the tower 100. The air vent 400 is sequentially arranged through the first and second passages. One end of the air vent 400 passes through the second passage to form an outlet 410, and the other end passes through the first passage and communicates with the external ammonia fuel tank. The position where the air vent 400 passes through the first passage is related to the position and height of the ammonia fuel tank on the hull 600, which will not be detailed here.

[0036] It is understood that by providing an inclined cantilever 200, mounting the tower 100 at the stern of the hull 600, and extending the cantilever 200 outward from the hull 600, the outlet 410 of the vent pipe 400 at the end of the cantilever 200 can be moved away from the stern of the hull 600, thereby partially shifting the 25-meter toxic zone of ammonia centered on the outlet 410 toward the exterior of the stern. This reduces the overlap between the toxic zone and the deck area of ​​the hull 600, and leaves sufficient space at the stern of the hull 600 for crew living quarters 610, lifeboats, and escape routes. This meets the regulatory requirement for a 25-meter separation distance and enables the use of ammonia fuel on small and medium-sized dry bulk carriers. Furthermore, due to the wider toxicity range of ammonia, the ammonia fuel vent mast is longer and heavier than a traditional LNG vent mast. Simply configuring the ammonia fuel vent mast with an inclined cantilever 200 can easily lead to structural instability of the cantilever 200 and the vent mast being easily broken at its base. By setting up the tower 100 and the cable 300, the tower 100 can provide stable support for the cantilever 200 and provide a fulcrum for the cable 300. The tower 100 and the cable 300 cooperate to form a stable triangular structure. The cable 300 constrains the cantilever 200 to move away from one end of the tower 100, reducing the stress between the cantilever 200 and the tower 100, and effectively improving the structural stability of the cantilever 200.

[0037] Furthermore, one end of the ventilation tube 400 passing through the second channel (ie, the outlet 410 of the ventilation tube 400 ) extends upward in a vertical direction and is connected to a pressure release valve 420 (ie, an ammonia ventilation valve).

[0038] The pressure relief valve 420 controls the pressure release at the outlet 410 of the vent tube 400, reducing the pressure within the tube 400 and maintaining pressure within the ammonia fuel tank to prevent explosions. It also prevents moisture and impurities from entering the tank through the tube 400, ensuring the purity of the fuel within the tank. Furthermore, the outlet 410 of the vent tube 400 faces upward vertically, allowing the ammonia released by the pressure relief valve 420 to be evenly dispersed along the circumference of the tube 400, ensuring the efficiency of the pressure relief valve 420.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 As shown, it can be understood that the angle θ between the center line of the second channel and the tower 100 satisfies: 130°≤θ≤150°. In other words, the angle of the cantilever 200 end away from the tower 100 relative to the horizontal plane is between 40-60°.

[0040] The smaller the upward tilt angle of the cantilever 200, the closer the cantilever 200 approaches a horizontal position. At this point, the center of gravity of the cantilever 200 moves further from the tower 100, and the greater the tension required from the cables 300 to maintain the stability of the cantilever 200. Limiting the cantilever 200's tilt angle to above 40° prevents excessive tension from the cantilever 200 on the cables 300, potentially exceeding the cable's load capacity and causing cable breakage or tearing at the base of the cantilever 200 (i.e., the connection between the cantilever 200 and the tower 100). This ensures the structural stability of the cantilever 200.

[0041] The inclination angle of the cantilever 200 is limited to below 60° to ensure that the cantilever 200 extends a certain length toward the outside of the hull 600, thereby ensuring that the toxic range of ammonia centered on the outlet 410 and areas such as the crew living area 610 are separated by more than 25m, meeting the regulatory requirement for a 25m separation distance.

[0042] By reasonably limiting the angle between the center line of the second channel and the tower 100, it is possible to ensure that the toxic range of ammonia is far away from areas such as the crew living area 610, and to ensure the overall structural stability of the cantilever 200, thereby effectively improving the structural rationality of the ammonia fuel ventilation mast.

[0043] It should be noted that the length of the cantilever 200 is usually between 10 and 25 meters. There is no specific limit to the length of the cantilever 200. The user can set a suitable length of the cantilever 200 according to the ship size and deck surface layout, as long as the toxic range of ammonia centered on the outlet 410 is more than 25 meters away from areas such as the crew living area 610.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it can be understood that the cantilever 200 includes three main beams 210 arranged in a triangle. One main beam 210 is connected to the other two main beams 210 via two first connectors 220. The structure of the first connector 220 can be referred to above in the description of the second connector 120 and will not be repeated here. The second channel is arranged above the main beam 210 between the two first connectors 220. Optionally, the main beam 210 is welded to the tower 100.

[0045] It should be noted that since the cantilever 200 is in an inclined posture as a whole, the second channel is not located above the main beam 210 between the two first connecting members 220 in the vertical direction, but is located above the main beam 210 between the two first connecting members 220 in the height direction of the cantilever 200, wherein the height direction of the cantilever 200 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the cantilever 200 and the width direction of the cantilever 200.

[0046] By setting three main beams 210 and two connecting parts, on the one hand, the structure of the cantilever 200 can be simplified, and the cantilever 200 as a whole is a triangular truss structure, which can ensure the structural stability of the cantilever 200; on the other hand, one of the main beams 210 is located below the second channel, which can provide stable support for the air vent 400, effectively improving the installation stability of the air vent 400.

[0047] Optionally, the outer diameter of the cantilever 200 gradually decreases along the extension direction of the cantilever 200 in the direction away from the tower 100, so that the area of ​​the cantilever 200 at the connection with the tower 100 is increased, which can improve the connection stability of the cantilever 200 and the tower 100, and the end of the cantilever 200 away from the tower 100 is smaller in volume and lighter in weight, reducing the stress of the cable 300 and further improving the structural rationality of the cantilever 200.

[0048] Furthermore, the ammonia fuel ventilation mast also includes a maintenance ladder 500, which includes a first stair section 510 and a second stair section 520. The first stair section 510 is vertically arranged in the tower 100 and is located on one side of the first channel. The second stair section 520 is connected to the cantilever 200 and is located between the two first connecting members 220. The second stair section 520 is parallel to the second channel and is located above the second channel in the height direction of the cantilever 200. The first stair section 510 is connected to the second stair section 520.

[0049] By setting up the maintenance ladder 500, the user can climb the tower 100 in the vertical direction or climb the cantilever 200 along the extension direction of the cantilever 200 through the maintenance ladder 500, thereby facilitating the user to inspect, maintain or replace the ventilation pipe 400 on one side of the maintenance ladder 500, effectively improving the user's usage experience and reducing the later maintenance cost of the ventilation pipe 400.

[0050] Reference Figure 2 As shown, it can be understood that the maintenance ladder 500 also includes a protective ring 530, which is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped metal rings and metal strips connecting the metal rings. The protective ring 530 is arranged around the periphery of the maintenance ladder 500. In other words, the protective ring 530 is located on the side of the first stair section 510 away from the first channel and on the side of the second stair section 520 away from the second channel.

[0051] By providing the protection ring 530 , when the user is using the maintenance ladder 500 , especially when moving on the second step 520 of the maintenance ladder 500 , the protection ring 530 can play a limiting role, preventing the user from falling from the cantilever 200 , thereby effectively improving the safety of the maintenance ladder 500 .

[0052] Reference Figure 3 As shown, it can be understood that a plurality of cables 300 are provided, and the plurality of cables 300 are spaced apart and parallel to each other along the width direction of the cantilever 200 .

[0053] By setting up multiple cables 300, on the one hand, the multiple cables 300 can disperse the stress of the cantilever 200, stably suspend the cantilever 200, and further improve the stability of the cantilever 200; on the other hand, the multiple cables 300 are parallel to each other, ensuring that the pulling direction provided by the multiple cables 300 is consistent, and there is no component force in other directions, thereby ensuring the carrying capacity of the cables 300, so that the cables 300 can adapt to cantilever 200 with heavier weight.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, it can be understood that the tower 100 is provided with a connecting portion 130, which is located above the connection between the cantilever 200 and the tower 100, and the outer diameter of the connecting portion 130 gradually decreases upward in the vertical direction, that is, the connecting portion 130 is arranged at the top of the tower 100 and has a prism-shaped shape with a larger bottom and a smaller top, and multiple cables 300 are respectively connected to the top of the connecting portion 130.

[0055] By providing the connecting portion 130 , the outer diameter of the connecting portion 130 gradually shrinks, which facilitates the alignment and installation of the cable 300 , and effectively improves the installation convenience of the cable 300 .

[0056] Reference Figures 4 to 6 As shown, it can be understood that a dry bulk carrier provided according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a hull 600 and the above-mentioned ammonia fuel breathable mast, the ammonia fuel breathable mast is installed on the rear deck of the hull 600, the hull 600 is provided with a living area 610, and the cantilever 200 is extended toward the outside of the hull 600 at one end away from the tower 100 so that the distance between the outlet 410 and the living area 610 is greater than 25m.

[0057] The dry bulk carrier provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes the above-mentioned ammonia fuel breathable mast. Therefore, the dry bulk carrier provided by the embodiment of the present invention also has the beneficial effects described in the above-mentioned embodiment, which will not be described in detail here.

[0058] Reference Figure 4 As shown, it can be understood that, for an ordinary dry cargo ship (ie, a general cargo ship), the ammonia fuel breather mast is arranged at the center of the aft deck.

[0059] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, it can be understood that for bulk carriers, since regulations require that bulk carriers must use a stern-thrown lifeboat 620, that is, a lifeboat 620 is arranged on one side of the aft deck of the hull 600, and the breather mast needs to be installed on the side of the aft end where the lifeboat 620 is not arranged. In other words, the ammonia fuel breather mast and the lifeboat 620 are respectively located on both sides of the aft deck in the ship width direction.

[0060] In addition, if the bulk carrier has a small width, the cantilever 200 of the breathable mast needs to be installed outward at a certain angle at the rear end side while avoiding the lifeboat 620. There is no specific limitation on the deflection installation angle of the cantilever 200, as long as it is ensured that the toxic area centered on the outlet 410 and the living area 610 do not overlap.

[0061] Users can flexibly adjust the installation position of the ammonia fuel vent mast on hull 600 according to the ship type and size, thereby ensuring that various types of small and medium-sized dry bulk carriers can use ammonia fuel, effectively expanding the scope of application of the ammonia fuel vent mast.

[0062] Obviously, the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the manner in which the present invention is to be implemented. A person skilled in the art would be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Ammonia fuel ventilation mast, characterized in that, include: A tower (100) is arranged vertically and is provided with a first passage; A cantilever (200) is connected to the tower (100) and arranged at an angle to the tower (100), and one end of the cantilever (200) away from the tower (100) is inclined upward, and the cantilever (200) is provided with a second channel; A cable (300) having two ends respectively connected to the top of the tower (100) and an end of the cantilever (200) away from the tower (100); A vent pipe (400) is sequentially arranged through the first channel and the second channel. One end of the vent pipe (400) passes through the second channel to form an outlet (410), and the other end passes through the first channel and communicates with an external ammonia fuel tank.

2. The ammonia fuel permeable mast according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle θ between the center line of the second channel and the tower (100) satisfies the following: 130°≤θ≤150°.

3. The ammonia fuel permeable mast according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cantilever (200) includes three main beams (210), which are arranged in a triangle, one of the main beams (210) is connected to the other two main beams (210) via two first connecting members (220), and the second channel is arranged above the main beam (210) between the two first connecting members (220).

4. The ammonia fuel permeable mast according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The ammonia fuel ventilation mast also includes a maintenance ladder (500), and the maintenance ladder (500) includes a first ladder section (510) and a second ladder section (520). The first ladder section (510) is vertically arranged in the tower (100) and is located on one side of the first channel. The second ladder section (520) is parallel to the second channel and is located above the second channel.

5. The ammonia fuel permeable mast according to claim 4, characterized in that: The maintenance ladder (500) further comprises a protection ring (530), and the protection ring (530) is arranged around the outer circumference of the maintenance ladder (500).

6. The ammonia fuel permeable mast according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A plurality of the cables (300) are provided, and the plurality of cables (300) are spaced apart and parallel to each other along the width direction of the cantilever (200).

7. The ammonia fuel permeable mast according to claim 6, characterized in that: The tower (100) is provided with a connecting portion (130), the connecting portion (130) is located above the connection between the cantilever (200) and the tower (100), the outer diameter of the connecting portion (130) gradually decreases upward in the vertical direction, and the plurality of cables (300) are respectively connected to the top end of the connecting portion (130).

8. The ammonia fuel permeable mast according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: One end of the vent tube (400) passing through the second channel is connected to a pressure release valve (420).

9. Dry bulk carrier, characterized in that, The invention comprises a hull (600) and an ammonia fuel ventilation mast according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the ammonia fuel ventilation mast is installed on the rear end deck of the hull (600), the hull (600) is provided with a living area (610), and the cantilever (200) is extended toward the outside of the hull (600) at one end away from the tower (100) so that the distance between the outlet (410) and the living area (610) is greater than 25m.

10. The dry bulk carrier according to claim 9, characterized in that: The ammonia fuel permeable mast is arranged at the center of the aft deck; or A lifeboat (620) is arranged on the aft deck, and the ammonia fuel ventilation mast and the lifeboat (620) are respectively located on both sides of the aft deck in the ship width direction.

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