Hob rotating speed and regional working temperature monitoring device and system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hob rotating speed and regional working temperature monitoring device and system, the device comprises a strong magnet, a rotating speed sensor and a temperature sensor, the strong magnet is fixedly embedded at a hob hub of a hob cutter, and the top end of the strong magnet is not higher than the cutter hub surface of the hob hub at the embedded position; the rotating speed sensor and the temperature sensor are both fixed to the position, on one side of the hobbing cutter, of the cutter box cutter holder, and the orthographic projection point, on the hobbing cutter, of the rotating speed sensor is located on the rotating track of the strong magnet. According to the utility model, the rotating speed sensor and the temperature sensor are ingeniously arranged at the position of the cutter box and the cutter holder, and the sensors are connected with the PLC line concentration box in a wired manner, so that the stability of power supply and signal transmission is ensured, the problem of wired connection arranged at the position of a hob cutter is perfectly avoided, and a connecting line is laid in a pre-embedded manner through a wire slot which is arranged in advance, so that the cost is reduced. And the tool can be repeatedly used without influencing the replacement of other types of tools.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of shield machine construction, in particular to a device and system for monitoring the rotation speed of a cutter and the regional working temperature. Background Art

[0002] The shield machine cutter is an excavation tool used to break hard rock. It forms radial cracks by squeezing the rock. These cracks extend and penetrate each other, breaking the rock and achieving the purpose of rock breaking and excavation. However, when constructing in composite formations, the rock breaking method of the cutter is more complicated. It not only requires friction and squeezing to break the rock, but also needs to collide with the rock when passing through the soft soil layer and then entering the hard rock layer. The materials and processes of the cutters on the market vary greatly, which puts a great test on the strength, wear resistance and ductility of the cutters. In order to ensure that the cutter can achieve the purpose of rock breaking and excavation normally during use, it is important to know whether the cutter breaks the rock evenly, whether the cutter ring rotates, and whether the regional temperature is normal during normal use of the cutter. This is of great significance to ensuring the excavation capacity of the shield machine and ensuring excavation safety.

[0003] The existing technology usually installs sensors that monitor speed and temperature inside the roller cutter. For example, a Chinese patent (publication date: 20230203, publication number: CN115685234A) discloses a roller cutter performance monitoring device for a shield machine. This installation method often makes the roller cutter power supply system difficult to install. Its wireless power supply system cannot meet the harsh environment when the cutterhead is working, and it is easy to cause overheating or sealing failure inside the wireless power supply system, causing power supply failure. Moreover, if the roller cutter is connected through an external power supply, it will affect the construction personnel's replacement of the cutter, increasing their workload and time. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a device and system for monitoring the rotation speed and regional working temperature of a hob, so as to solve the technical problems described in the background technology.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device for monitoring the rotational speed and regional working temperature of a hob cutter comprises a strong magnet, a rotational speed sensor and a temperature sensor. The strong magnet is fixedly embedded in the hob hub of a hob cutter, and its top end is no higher than the hub surface of the hob hub at the embedded position. The rotational speed sensor and the temperature sensor are both fixed on a tool box seat on one side of the hob cutter, and the orthographic projection point of the rotational speed sensor on the hob cutter is located on the rotation trajectory of the strong magnet.

[0007] Preferably, the same group of speed sensors and temperature sensors are integrated on the same integrated board, and the integrated board is detachably fixed to the mounting plate by fixing bolts. The mounting plate is embedded in the mounting groove of the tool box and tool holder and welded to the tool box and tool holder at the bottom of the mounting groove, and a welding hole is provided in the middle of the mounting plate that passes through the plate body.

[0008] Preferably, the strong magnet is a strong neodymium magnet, which is embedded in the mounting hole of the hob hub, with its top 1-2 mm lower than the hub surface of the hob hub, and the mounting hole at the top of the strong magnet is covered and filled with epoxy resin.

[0009] In addition, the utility model also provides a hob speed and regional working temperature monitoring system, including the above-mentioned hob speed and regional working temperature monitoring device, as well as a PLC junction box, a main control box and a display system. The PLC junction box is fixedly installed on the cutter disc flange surface of the cutter disc, and is connected to the speed sensor and temperature sensor at each hob tool arranged on the cutter disc through a wire. It is connected to the main control box via a wireless connection, and the main control box is connected to the display system through the Internet of Things.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a wire arranged in the core of the central rotating body, one end of the wire is connected to the PLC junction box, and the other end is connected to the power supply in the main control box, and the wires on both sides of the end of the central rotating body away from the cutter disc are connected through the conductive slip ring of the rotating body.

[0011] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention cleverly installs the speed sensor and the temperature sensor on the tool box and the tool holder, and the sensor and the PLC junction box are connected by wire, which ensures the stability of power supply and signal transmission, and perfectly avoids the problem of setting up a wire connection at the hob tool. Moreover, the connection line is laid in a pre-buried manner through a pre-set wire trough, which can be reused and does not affect the replacement of other types of tools. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] The above and / or other aspects and advantages of the present invention will become clearer and easier to understand through the detailed description made in conjunction with the following drawings. These drawings are only illustrative and do not limit the present invention, wherein:

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a device for monitoring the rotational speed and regional working temperature of a hob involved in the present utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a hob speed and regional working temperature monitoring system involved in the present utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a strong magnet on a hob hub involved in the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated board and the mounting plate involved in the present utility model.

[0017] Figure markings: 1. Cutter disc; 2. Cutter disc flange surface; 3. Center rotating body; 4. Hob tool; 401. Hob cutter ring; 402. Hob hub; 5. Hob shaft; 6. Tool box and tool holder; 7. U-shaped block; 8. Wedge block; 9. T-shaped block; 10. Mounting plate; 11. Integrated board; 12. Fixing bolt; 13. Welding hole; 14. Strong magnet; 15. Speed ​​sensor; 16. Temperature sensor; 17. U-shaped block locking bolt; 18. T-shaped block locking anti-loosening bolt; 19. PLC junction box; 20. Rotating body conductive slip ring; 21. Main control box; 22. Display system; 23. Wire. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Below, embodiments of a device and system for monitoring the rotational speed and regional operating temperature of a hob cutter according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described herein are specific implementations of the present invention, intended to illustrate the concepts of the present invention. They are illustrative and exemplary only and should not be construed as limiting the implementation methods or scope of the present invention. In addition to the embodiments described herein, those skilled in the art may also employ other readily apparent technical solutions based on the claims and disclosure of this specification. These solutions include any readily apparent substitutions or modifications to the embodiments described herein.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "horizontal," "vertical," "upright," and "oblique" and the like, indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed, or operate in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0020] The accompanying drawings in this specification are schematic diagrams that assist in illustrating the concepts of the present invention and schematically illustrate the shapes of the various components and their interrelationships. Please note that to clearly illustrate the structures of the various components of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings are not drawn to the same scale. The same reference numerals are used to indicate the same parts.

[0021] The following describes the principles and features of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Figure 1-4 , the preferred embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail:

[0022] Shield machines play a vital role in modern tunnel construction. As a key component, the cutter head of a shield machine is crucial for the smooth progress of the project and the safe operation of the equipment.

[0023] First, measuring the cutter speed is essential. Accurately monitoring the cutter speed helps optimize the shield machine's tunneling efficiency. Different geological conditions require different cutter speeds for optimal cutting results. If the speed is too high, the cutter may wear out too quickly, reducing its lifespan and increasing project costs. If the speed is too low, wear or damage may occur, affecting tunneling speed and extending the project duration. Advanced detection technology allows for real-time monitoring of the cutter speed, allowing for timely adjustments based on actual conditions, ensuring efficient shield machine operation in a variety of complex geological environments.

[0024] Secondly, monitoring the cutter temperature is equally critical. During shield machine operation, the cutter constantly rubs against hard materials such as rock, generating a significant amount of heat. Excessively high cutter temperatures not only affect the cutter's strength and hardness, but can also cause damage or even failure, posing a serious threat to project safety. By installing a temperature sensor 16 to monitor the cutter temperature in real time, timely measures can be taken in the event of temperature anomalies, such as reducing the excavation speed and implementing cooling treatment, to prevent damage to the cutter due to overheating.

[0025] In order to achieve the purpose of monitoring the rotation speed and temperature of the hob cutter 4, Figure 1 As shown, a preferred device for monitoring the rotation speed and regional working temperature of a hob cutter of the present invention is introduced by taking the shield machine hob cutter installation and locking system in which the hob cutter shaft 5 is fixed by a U-shaped block 7, a wedge-shaped block 8, a T-shaped block 9 and a knife box seat 6 as an example. It includes a strong magnet 14, a speed sensor 15 and a temperature sensor 16. The strong magnet 14 is fixedly buried at the hob cutter hub 402 of the hob cutter tool 4, and its top end is not higher than the hub surface of the hob cutter hub 402 at the buried position. The speed sensor 15 and the temperature sensor 16 are both fixed on the knife box seat 6 on one side of the hob cutter tool 4, and the positive projection point of the speed sensor 15 at the hob cutter tool 4 is located on the rotation trajectory of the strong magnet 14;

[0026] The speed sensor 15 is used to monitor the speed of the hob cutter 4 when it is working. It uses the Hall effect principle to measure the speed by detecting the change in the Hall voltage caused by the change in the magnetic field. After amplifying, filtering and shaping the weak signal, the micro signal is converted into a standard signal. After being collected and processed by the PLC junction box 19, it is transmitted to the display system 22 (including but not limited to the operating room display screen) to complete the speed display. Its advantages are high sensitivity, fast response speed and small size, and it is suitable for monitoring the speed of the hob cutter;

[0027] The temperature sensor 16 is used to monitor the working temperature of the hob cutter 4 area. It uses a thermocouple temperature sensor. The thermocouple temperature sensor uses a closed loop composed of two different metal materials. When there is a temperature difference between the two ends, a thermoelectric potential is generated. The cold junction compensation circuit is then used to eliminate the influence of the temperature change of the thermocouple cold junction on the measurement result, and the thermoelectric potential is converted into a standard voltage to accurately calculate the temperature change of the hob cutter area.

[0028] like Figure 4 As shown, in order to reduce the difficulty of installing and replacing the sensors, the same set of speed sensors 15 and temperature sensors 16 for monitoring the same hob cutter 4 are integrated on the same integrated board 11, that is, the speed sensor 15 and the temperature sensor 16 are integrated together through the main circuit board (that is, the integrated board 11) to form an integrated sensor. In order to effectively detect the speed and temperature of the shield machine hob cutter, advanced sensor technology and data transmission system are adopted. The sensor should have high precision, high reliability and good anti-interference ability, be able to accurately measure the speed and temperature of the hob cutter, and transmit the data to the control system in real time. The control system quickly analyzes and processes the data and issues early warning signals in time to facilitate the operator to take corresponding measures.

[0029] Since the internal space of the knife box and knife seat 6 is relatively small, and the installation flatness and firmness of the integrated sensor may affect the accuracy of the detection result, in some preferred embodiments, the integrated board 11 is detachably fixed to the mounting plate 10 by fixing bolts 12, and the mounting plate 10 is embedded in the mounting groove of the knife box and knife seat 6 and welded to the knife box and knife seat 6 at the bottom of the mounting groove, and a welding hole 13 is provided in the middle of the mounting plate 10 that runs through the plate body. Specifically, taking the integrated sensor with the size of 60mm long * 30mm wide * 10mm high as an example, first, a groove hole with the size of 70mm * 40mm * 20mm slightly larger than the integrated sensor is cut out on the knife box and knife seat 6 with an air planer as a mounting groove, and then It is difficult to ensure that the bottom of the groove is flat on the gouging cutting surface, so an additional mounting plate 10 is added as a leveling adapter. When installing the integrated sensor, first level the mounting plate 10 with a size of 60*30*10mm and weld it into the groove hole. A φ24mm through hole is provided in the middle of the mounting plate 10 as a welding hole 13, which is convenient for welding the mounting plate 10 to the groove hole of the tool box and tool holder 6. Then, the integrated sensor is connected to the mounting plate 10 through an M3*18mm hexagon socket bolt, ensuring that the outer surface of the integrated sensor is flush with the panel of the tool box and tool holder 6. Of course, a φ8mm wiring groove is also required at the corresponding position of the tool box and tool holder 6 for the wiring of the integrated sensor. The line of the integrated sensor is pre-buried in the wiring groove to prevent the line from being damaged when the hob cuts mud and stone;

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, the strong magnet 14 adopts a strong neodymium magnet, which is installed at the hob hub 402. The hub needs to be lathe-machined to have a hole with a diameter of 9 mm and a depth of 7 mm as a mounting hole, and then a group of strong neodymium magnets with a diameter of 8 mm and a thickness of 5 mm are inlaid in the mounting hole through strong glue. The top of the strong neodymium magnet needs to be 1-2 mm lower than the hub surface to prevent the hob tool 4 from rotating for a long time and rubbing against the hob hub 402 and the strong neodymium magnet. The installation gap between the strong neodymium magnet and the mounting hole is then covered and filled with epoxy resin to add a protective layer to the strong neodymium magnet to avoid being damaged by fine gravel in the soil.

[0031] In order to transmit the detection data of the integrated sensors installed at each cutter in real time and better assist the operator in shield tunneling work, such as Figure 2As shown, the present invention also provides a hob speed and regional working temperature monitoring system. The system, based on the above-mentioned hob speed and regional working temperature monitoring device, also includes a PLC junction box 19, a main control box 21 and a display system 22. The PLC junction box 19 is fixedly installed on the cutter flange surface 2 of the cutter disc 1. It is connected to the integrated sensors at each hob tool 4 arranged on the cutter disc 1 through a wire 23. It is connected to the main control box 21 through a wireless connection, and the main control box 21 is connected to the display system 22 through the Internet of Things. The PLC junction box 19 is connected to the integrated sensor through a pre-buried built-in wire 23, which ensures the stability of data transmission and power supply of the integrated sensor. At the same time, because the internal space of the central rotating body 3 is too small to accommodate more sensor lines, point-to-point wireless data transmission is performed between the PLC junction box 19 and the main control box 21. This saves a lot of space and does not limit the PLC junction box 19 from receiving more cutterhead sensor signals and lines. The PLC junction box 19 uses a Schneider TM221CE16T programmable logic controller and an expansion module TM3AI4. It has input / output functions and can monitor and control various parameters of the cutterhead sensor according to preset programs. It also supports Ethernet connection, which enables it to communicate with other devices or systems, further expanding its application range and flexibility in cutterhead informationization. It is also compatible with the vast majority of sensor signals on the market. The wireless transmission uses the WR713 industrial router from Wutong Broadlink, which has high-performance wireless WiFi technology, supports high-speed and stable network connections, adopts a 3*3 MIMO high-performance design, supports IEEE 802.11AC technology (compatible with 802.11a / b / g / n), and has a data transmission rate of up to 1.3Gbps. Its operating temperature, surge, ESD and vibration all meet industrial standards, suitable for stable operation in harsh environments of the cutterhead 1 and the central rotary body 3. The display system 22 includes but is not limited to ground computers, underground host computers (operating room display screens), mobile phone apps and other remote monitoring equipment;

[0032] Normally, integrated sensors are powered by a built-in power supply. However, built-in power supplies often have a limited service life and need to be replaced regularly. In order to circumvent this problem, this system has a wire 23 arranged in the core of the central rotating body 3. One end of the wire 23 is connected to the PLC junction box 19, and the other end is connected to the power supply in the main control box 21. The wires 23 on both sides of the end of the central rotating body 3 away from the cutterhead 1 are connected through the rotating body conductive slip ring 20. The PLC junction box 19 and the integrated sensors are powered by the built-in power supply of the shield machine main control box 21, so there is no need to set up a separate power supply. There is no need to consider the problem of power supply replacement during the entire construction period.

[0033] When the roller cuts the soil, the forward and reverse rotation of the cutter disc 1 realizes left-hand cutting and right-hand cutting. When the roller cuts the soil, the strong neodymium magnet installed on the roller cutter hub 402 rotates with the roller cutter ring at the same time. The speed and temperature integrated sensor is installed at the position of the tool box and tool holder 6. Its positive projection point at the roller cutter tool 4 is located on the rotation trajectory of the strong magnet 14. Regardless of whether the strong neodymium magnet rotates forward or reverse, the rotation trajectory of the strong neodymium magnet will pass through the integrated sensor speed monitoring area, thereby achieving the purpose of monitoring the roller cutter speed, and the temperature sensor 16 of the integrated sensor also monitors the roller cutter in real time. The working temperature of the soil being cut during rotation is measured, thereby achieving the purpose of regional temperature monitoring. During shield construction, the rotational speed is used to analyze whether the hob cutter 4 of the cutter head 1 is worn or damaged during use. The temperature comparison is used to analyze whether the regional temperature of the hob cutter 4 is consistent. If the regional temperature is inconsistent and the temperature difference is large, it can be judged that the hob cutter 4 in this area is abnormally worn. The integrated sensor is installed at the tool box and tool holder 6, which occupies a small volume, has high precision, long life, does not affect the normal replacement of tools by staff, and has the characteristics of reusability, economy, practicality, and construction applicability.

[0034] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring the rotational speed and regional working temperature of a hob, characterized by: The invention comprises a strong magnet (14), a rotation speed sensor (15) and a temperature sensor (16); the strong magnet (14) is fixedly embedded in the hob cutter hub (402) of the hob cutter (4), and the top end thereof is not higher than the hub surface of the hob cutter hub (402) at the embedded position; the rotation speed sensor (15) and the temperature sensor (16) are both fixed on the tool box seat (6) on one side of the hob cutter (4), and the positive projection point of the rotation speed sensor (15) on the hob cutter (4) is located on the rotation trajectory of the strong magnet (14).

2. The device for monitoring the rotational speed and regional working temperature of a hob according to claim 1, characterized in that: The same set of speed sensors (15) and temperature sensors (16) are integrated on the same integrated board (11), and the integrated board (11) is detachably fixed to the mounting plate (10) by fixing bolts (12). The mounting plate (10) is embedded in the mounting groove of the knife box seat (6) and is welded to the knife box seat (6) at the bottom of the mounting groove, and a welding hole (13) is provided in the middle of the mounting plate (10) that passes through the plate body.

3. The device for monitoring the rotational speed and regional working temperature of a hob according to claim 1, characterized in that: The strong magnet (14) is a strong neodymium magnet. The strong magnet (14) is embedded in the mounting hole of the hob hub (402), with its top being 1-2 mm lower than the hub surface of the hob hub (402), and the mounting hole at the top of the strong magnet (14) is covered and filled with epoxy resin.

4. A system for monitoring the rotational speed and regional working temperature of a hob, characterized by: The invention comprises a device for monitoring the rotation speed and regional working temperature of a hob according to any one of claims 1 to 3, as well as a PLC junction box (19), a main control box (21) and a display system (22), wherein the PLC junction box (19) is fixedly mounted on the cutter disc flange surface (2) of the cutter disc (1), is connected to the rotation speed sensor (15) and the temperature sensor (16) at each hob tool (4) arranged on the cutter disc (1) through a wire (23), is connected to the main control box (21) by a wireless connection, and the main control box (21) is connected to the display system (22) through the Internet of Things.

5. The system for monitoring the rotational speed and regional working temperature of a hob according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a wire (23) arranged in the core of the central rotating body (3), one end of the wire (23) is connected to the PLC junction box (19), and the other end is connected to the power supply in the main control box (21), and the wires (23) on both sides of the end of the central rotating body (3) away from the cutter head (1) are connected through the rotating body conductive slip ring (20).

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