Battery pack and electric device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of batteries, and discloses a battery pack and an electric device. The battery pack comprises a supporting plate, a bottom protection plate and a plurality of battery cell monomers, wherein a pressure release valve is arranged at the bottom of each battery cell monomer; a plurality of battery cell monomers are placed on the supporting plate, and pressure relief holes corresponding to the pressure relief valves are formed in the supporting plate; the bottom protection plate covers the end face, far away from the battery cell single bodies, of the supporting plate, a plurality of separation ribs are arranged between the bottom protection plate and the supporting plate, the separation ribs, the supporting plate and the bottom protection plate define a liquid cooling flow channel, the separation ribs, the bottom protection plate and the pressure relief holes define a pressure relief channel, and the liquid cooling flow channel is communicated with the liquid cooling flow channel. And the liquid cooling flow channel is in heat exchange connection with the pressure relief channel. The battery pack can ensure that electrical components in the battery pack are not affected when the battery cell monomers are in thermal runaway, and can also avoid thermal diffusion caused by high temperature generated when the battery cell monomers are in thermal runaway, so that the use safety and reliability of the battery pack are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular to a battery pack and an electrical device. Background Art

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries have the advantages of small size, high energy density, long cycle life and long storage time, and have been widely used in some electronic devices, electric vehicles, electric toys and other fields. In existing battery pack designs, the pressure relief valve and positive and negative tabs of the square battery cells used are usually on the same side, that is, both are located on the top cover of the battery cell. Therefore, when the square battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature flame ejected from the battery cell pressure relief valve is often easy to burn the battery pack's CCS (Cells Contact System), wiring harness, BMS (Battery Management System) and other live components. Some electrolyte that has not been fully burned will splash out and come into contact with the CCS bus, wiring harness, copper bus, etc., causing the battery pack to short-circuit and trigger a more serious secondary fire, thereby reducing the safety and reliability of the battery pack.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a new type of battery pack and power-consuming device to solve the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the present utility model is to provide a battery pack, which can ensure that when a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the electrical components in the battery pack will not be affected, thereby enhancing the safety and reliability of the battery pack.

[0005] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The battery pack includes a support plate, a bottom guard plate and multiple battery cells, and a pressure relief valve is provided at the bottom of the battery cell; the multiple battery cells are placed on the support plate, and the support plate is provided with a pressure relief hole corresponding to the pressure relief valve; the bottom guard plate covers the end surface of the support plate away from the battery cell, and there is a cavity between the bottom guard plate and the support plate, and a plurality of dividing ribs are provided in the cavity, and the plurality of dividing ribs divide the cavity into a plurality of liquid-cooling channels, and the dividing ribs, the bottom guard plate and the pressure relief hole are surrounded by a pressure relief channel, and the liquid-cooling channel is connected to the pressure relief channel for heat exchange.

[0007] Optionally, a fireproof pad is further provided between the battery cell and the support plate, and the fireproof pad can at least cover the pressure relief hole.

[0008] Optionally, an elastic pad is attached to the top wall of the fireproof pad, and an avoidance hole is opened at a position of the elastic pad corresponding to the pressure relief hole.

[0009] Optionally, a heat-conducting structural adhesive is further filled between the battery cell and the fireproof pad.

[0010] Optionally, a plurality of the battery cell units are stacked along a first direction to form a battery cell group, the separation ribs are extended along the first direction, and the plurality of pressure relief holes are connected to a same pressure relief channel.

[0011] Optionally, the battery cell groups are stacked in a plurality of groups along a second direction, and the pressure relief channels are arranged in a plurality of corresponding intervals, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0012] Optionally, the battery pack further includes two end plates, which are respectively arranged at both ends of the battery cell group along the first direction, at least one of the end plates is a hollow structure, and the pressure relief channel is connected to the end plate with the hollow structure.

[0013] Optionally, the battery pack further includes two side plates, which are respectively arranged at both ends of the battery cell group along the second direction. The two side plates and the two end plates are hollow structures. The two end plates are connected to each other through the side plates. One of the two end plates is connected to the pressure relief channel, and the other end plate is provided with an explosion-proof valve.

[0014] Optionally, a baffle is further provided between the end plate and the battery cell group, and the baffle and the end plate provided with the explosion-proof valve form an installation space, and the installation space is used for installing electrical components.

[0015] Another object of the present invention is to provide an electrical device comprising a battery pack as described in any of the above solutions.

[0016] Beneficial effects:

[0017] The battery cell in the battery pack has a pressure relief valve at the bottom, and the flame, high-temperature gas and electrolyte generated inside the battery cell during thermal runaway are sprayed downward through the bottom to avoid affecting the electrical components set on the top of the battery cell, thereby avoiding short circuit and damage to the electrical connectors of the battery pack; the battery cell is placed on a support plate, and a bottom guard plate covers the bottom of the support plate. A dividing rib is provided between the bottom guard plate and the support plate, so that a liquid cooling channel is formed between the bottom guard plate and the support plate through the dividing rib, and the support plate is provided with a pressure relief hole corresponding to the pressure relief valve, and the pressure relief hole and the dividing rib are formed into a pressure relief channel, and the high-temperature gas and flame generated when the battery cell is thermal runaway are discharged outward from the pressure relief channel. The liquid cooling channel cools the battery cell on the one hand, and can also cool the high-temperature gas in the pressure relief channel on the other hand, thereby avoiding heat diffusion caused by the high temperature generated when the battery cell is thermal runaway, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is an axonometric view of a battery cell provided in a specific embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 It is an axonometric view of a battery pack provided by a specific embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is an axonometric view of a battery pack provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention with some components hidden;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a module box provided by a specific embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a top view of a battery pack provided by a specific embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Cross-section at AA;

[0024] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0025] Figure 8 yes Figure 5 Cross-section at the middle BB;

[0026] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A partial enlarged view of point D in the middle.

[0027] In the picture:

[0028] 10. Battery cell group; 100. Battery cell; 110. Pressure relief valve; 120. Terminal; 130. Buffer pad;

[0029] 200. Module box; 210. End plate; 211. Explosion-proof valve; 212. Water pipe joint; 220. Side panel; 230. Support plate; 231. Pressure relief hole; 232. Fireproof pad; 233. Elastic pad; 2331. Avoidance hole; 234. Thermal conductive structural adhesive; 240. Pressure relief channel; 250. Bottom guard plate; 251. Separation rib; 252. Liquid cooling channel; 260. Baffle; 261. Electrical components. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings only illustrate portions relevant to the present invention, not all of its components.

[0031] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0033] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," and other orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely for ease of description and simplified operation. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used solely for descriptive purposes and have no special meaning.

[0034] The first direction described in this embodiment is Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 6 The X direction shown in is the length direction of the battery pack, and the second direction is Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 8 The Y direction shown in the figure is the width direction of the battery pack.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, the battery pack in this embodiment consists of a module case 200 and multiple battery cells 100 within the module case 200. The multiple battery cells 100 are stacked and arranged inside the module case 200. The module case 200 includes conventional components such as end plates 210 and side plates 220, which are not described here in detail. In this embodiment, the top of the battery cell 100 refers to the end face of the battery cell 100 provided with the pole 120, and the bottom refers to the end face opposite to the end face with the pole 120, and the pressure relief valve 110 is provided on this bottom end face.

[0036] A buffer pad 130 is further interposed between two adjacent battery cells 100 to buffer pressure and squeeze the outer walls of the battery cells 100 to avoid lithium deposition and improve the safety and reliability of the battery cells 100 .

[0037] like Figures 3 to 9 As shown, the battery pack includes a support plate 230, a bottom guard plate 250 and a plurality of battery cells 100, a pressure relief valve 110 is provided at the bottom of the battery cell 100; the plurality of battery cells 100 are placed on the support plate 230, and the support plate 230 is provided with a pressure relief hole 231 corresponding to the pressure relief valve 110; the bottom guard plate 250 covers the end surface of the support plate 230 away from the battery cell 100, and there is a cavity between the bottom guard plate 250 and the support plate 230, and a plurality of partition ribs 251 are provided in the cavity, the partition ribs 251 divide the cavity into a plurality of liquid cooling channels 252, and the partition ribs 251, the bottom guard plate 250 and the pressure relief hole 231 are surrounded by a pressure relief channel 240, and the liquid cooling channel 252 is connected to the pressure relief channel 240 for heat exchange.

[0038] The battery cell 100 in the battery pack has a pressure relief valve 110 set at the bottom, through which the flame, high-temperature gas and electrolyte generated inside the battery cell 100 when thermal runaway is ejected downward to avoid affecting the electrical components 261 set on the top of the battery cell 100, thereby avoiding short circuit and damage to the electrical connectors of the battery pack; and the battery cell 100 is placed on the support plate 230, and the bottom guard plate 250 covers the bottom of the support plate 230. A separation rib 251 is set between the bottom guard plate 250 and the support plate 230, so that the bottom guard plate 250 and the support plate 230 are separated. A liquid cooling channel 252 is formed by the separating ribs 251, and the support plate 230 is provided with a pressure relief hole 231 corresponding to the pressure relief valve 110. The pressure relief hole 231 and the separating ribs 251 are surrounded by a pressure relief channel 240. The high-temperature gas and flame generated when the battery cell 100 thermally runs away are discharged outward from the pressure relief channel 240. The liquid cooling channel 252 cools the battery cell 100 on the one hand, and on the other hand, it can also cool the high-temperature gas in the pressure relief channel 240, thereby avoiding heat diffusion caused by the high temperature generated when the battery cell 100 thermally runs away, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0039] It is conceivable that multiple battery cells 100 are electrically connected through CCS (Cells Contact System), wiring harness, BMS (Battery Management System), etc. The electrical components 261 here refer to CCS, wiring harness and BMS, etc., which will not be repeated here.

[0040] like Figure 3 、 Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown, a fireproof pad 232 is further provided between the battery cell 100 and the support plate 230. The fireproof pad 232 can at least cover the pressure relief hole 231. When thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 100, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated can break through the fireproof pad 232, thereby being relieved by the pressure relief channel 240 to avoid the accumulation of heat and pressure. At the same time, the provision of the fireproof pad 232 can also prevent the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated during thermal runaway from damaging the corresponding battery cell 100 through other pressure relief holes 231, thereby preventing heat spread and heat diffusion, and further improving the safety of the battery pack. In this embodiment, the fireproof pad 232 is made of mica paper, which will not be described in detail here.

[0041] Furthermore, an elastic pad 233 is attached to the top wall of the fireproof pad 232, and an avoidance hole 2331 is opened at the position of the elastic pad 233 corresponding to the pressure relief hole 231. Figure 2 As shown, the elastic pad 233 only covers the outer peripheral portion of the pressure relief hole 231, and does not completely cover the bottom of the entire battery cell 100, thereby reducing the use of elastic parts. The setting of the elastic parts can keep the pressure relief hole 231, the pressure relief valve 110 and the internal environment of the battery pack sealed, avoiding damage to the pressure relief valve 110 at the bottom of the battery cell 100 when the battery cell 100 is fixed inside the battery pack.

[0042] In this embodiment, thermally conductive adhesive 234 is also filled between the battery cell 100 and the fireproof pad 232. This adhesive 234 secures the battery cell 100 within the battery pack and also provides excellent heat conduction. Furthermore, when the adhesive 234 is being poured, the elastic member prevents it from contacting the pressure relief valve 110, further improving safety and reliability. In this embodiment, the elastic member is foam and will not be further described.

[0043] Return Reference Figure 3 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7The plurality of battery cells 100 are stacked along a first direction to form a battery cell group 10. The separation ribs 251 extend along the first direction, and the plurality of pressure relief holes 231 are all connected to the same pressure relief channel 240. By extending the separation ribs 251 along the first direction, the pressure relief channel 240 also extends along the first direction. The corresponding plurality of pressure relief holes 231 are spaced apart along the first direction. This facilitates stacking of the battery cells 100, minimizes the complexity of the shapes of the pressure relief channel 240 and the separation ribs 251, reduces production and manufacturing costs, and ensures unobstructed flow of the pressure relief channel 240.

[0044] Optionally, the battery cell groups 10 are stacked in a plurality of groups along the second direction, and a plurality of pressure relief channels 240 are provided at corresponding intervals, with the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction. In this embodiment, two battery cell groups 10 are provided, and correspondingly, two pressure relief channels 240 are provided at intervals along the second direction, each extending along the first direction. The number of pressure relief channels 240, pressure relief holes 231, battery cell groups 10, and battery cell units 100 can be adaptively adjusted based on specific needs and will not be further described here.

[0045] like Figure 4 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the battery pack further includes two end plates 210, which are disposed at either end of the battery cell group 10 along the first direction. At least one of the end plates 210 has a hollow structure, and the pressure relief passage 240 is disposed in communication with the hollow end plate 210. In this embodiment, the pressure relief passage 240 is disposed in communication with the hollow end plate 210 to discharge high-temperature, high-pressure gases generated during thermal runaway of the battery cells 100 from the end plates 210. This eliminates the need for additional exhaust passages or ducts, thereby reducing the volume of the battery pack and improving its energy density.

[0046] Furthermore, a baffle 260 is provided between the end plate 210 and the cell group 10. Together with the end plate 210 equipped with the explosion-proof valve 211, the baffle 260 forms an installation space for mounting electrical components 261. The baffle 260 creates a closed installation space within the battery pack, separating it from the space containing the cell group 10. This prevents direct damage to the electrical components 261 within the installation space from high-temperature, high-pressure gases and flames generated by the cell units 100, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0047] A water pipe joint 212 is also provided on the end plate 210 for connecting the liquid cooling channel 252 with an external coolant storage device. Two water pipe joints 212 are provided to realize the circulation of the coolant inside the liquid cooling channel 252 and improve the heat dissipation and cooling effect.

[0048] like Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, further, the above-mentioned battery pack also includes two side plates 220, and the two side plates 220 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the above-mentioned battery cell group 10 along the above-mentioned second direction. The two side plates 220 and the two end plates 210 are both hollow structures. The two end plates 210 are connected to each other through the above-mentioned side plates 220. One of the two end plates 210 is connected to the above-mentioned pressure relief channel 240, and the other end plate 210 is provided with an explosion-proof valve 211. Through the above arrangement, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 100, the high-temperature flue gas generated by it is discharged into the pressure relief channel 240 through the pressure relief hole 231, and then discharged along the pressure relief channel 240 to the interior of the end plate 210 connected thereto, and then discharged from the end plate 210 to the side plate 220 connected to the end plate 210, and finally discharged from the side plate 220 to another end plate 210 provided with an explosion-proof valve 211, thereby extending the flow path of the high-temperature flue gas, avoiding the pressure increase caused by the instantaneous accumulation of high-temperature flue gas due to a too short path, avoiding the rupture and damage of the module box 200 of the battery pack, and further improving the safety and reliability of use; the explosion-proof valve 211 can exhaust and explode when the pressure of the high-temperature flue gas in the hollow structure of the end plate 210 and the side plate 220 is too high, thereby avoiding safety accidents.

[0049] Two explosion-proof valves 211 are provided, one corresponding to the two side panels 220 of the battery pack, to improve the explosion-proof effect.

[0050] This embodiment also provides an electrical device comprising a battery pack as described in any of the above-described solutions. The electrical device can be an electric vehicle, hybrid vehicle, electric ship, electric bicycle, energy storage device, or the like, requiring only the battery pack for power supply or energy storage, without specific limitation. The use of the battery pack in this electrical device ensures that thermal runaway of the battery cell 100 will not affect the electrical components 261 within the battery pack, thereby enhancing the safety and reliability of the battery pack and ensuring the safety of the electrical device.

[0051] Obviously, the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the manner in which the present invention is to be implemented. A person skilled in the art would be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that: include: A plurality of battery cell units (100), wherein a pressure relief valve (110) is provided at the bottom of each battery cell unit (100); a support plate (230), wherein a plurality of the battery cell units (100) are placed on the support plate (230), and the support plate (230) is provided with a pressure relief hole (231) corresponding to the pressure relief valve (110); A bottom guard plate (250) covers the end surface of the support plate (230) away from the battery cell (100); a cavity is provided between the bottom guard plate (250) and the support plate (230); a plurality of partition ribs (251) are provided in the cavity; the plurality of partition ribs (251) divide the cavity into a plurality of liquid cooling channels (252); the partition ribs (251), the bottom guard plate (250) and the pressure relief hole (231) are surrounded to form a pressure relief channel (240); the liquid cooling channel (252) is connected to the pressure relief channel (240) for heat exchange.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: A fireproof pad (232) is further provided between the battery cell (100) and the support plate (230), and the fireproof pad (232) is at least capable of covering the pressure relief hole (231).

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, wherein: An elastic pad (233) is attached to the top wall of the fireproof pad (232), and an avoidance hole (2331) is opened at a position of the elastic pad (233) corresponding to the pressure relief hole (231).

4. The battery pack according to claim 3, wherein: A heat-conducting structural adhesive (234) is also filled between the battery cell (100) and the fireproof pad (232).

5. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: A plurality of the battery cell units (100) are stacked along a first direction to form a battery cell group (10), the separation ribs (251) are extended along the first direction, and the plurality of pressure relief holes (231) are all connected to the same pressure relief channel (240).

6. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that: The battery cell groups (10) are stacked in a plurality of groups along a second direction, and the pressure relief channels (240) are arranged in a plurality of corresponding intervals, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

7. The battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that: The battery pack further comprises two end plates (210), the two end plates (210) being respectively arranged at two ends of the battery cell group (10) along the first direction, at least one of the end plates (210) being a hollow structure, and the pressure relief channel (240) being arranged in communication with the end plate (210) having the hollow structure.

8. The battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that: The battery pack further comprises two side plates (220), the two side plates (220) being respectively arranged at both ends of the battery cell group (10) along the second direction, the two side plates (220) and the two end plates (210) being hollow structures, the two end plates (210) being interconnected via the side plates (220), one of the two end plates (210) being arranged in communication with the pressure relief channel (240), and the other end plate (210) being provided with an explosion-proof valve (211).

9. The battery pack according to claim 8, characterized in that: A baffle (260) is further provided between the end plate (210) and the battery cell group (10), and the baffle (260) and the end plate (210) provided with the explosion-proof valve (211) enclose an installation space, and the installation space is used for installing electrical components (261).

10. An electrical device, characterized in that: Comprising the battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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