Gear type transmission system for straw cleaning device of no-tillage planter in original stubble field

Abstract

The utility model relates to a gear type transmission system for a straw cleaning device of a no-tillage planter in an original stubble field, which is suitable for a transmission system of a straw cleaning cutter tooth part of the no-tillage planter used in protective tillage in the original stubble fields of corn, sorghum, soybeans and the like, and changes chain type transmission of the straw cleaning cutter tooth part of the original no-tillage planter into gear type transmission. The most important transmission ratio in the transmission process is constant and stable, and the motion transmission process is accurate and reliable. In addition, gear transmission works in the form of a gear box, the sealing performance is good when the gear box works, and transmission is more stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and specifically relates to a gear-type transmission system for a straw-clearing device of a no-tillage seeder on stubble fields, and is suitable for the transmission system of the straw-clearing tooth part of a no-tillage seeder used in protective tillage of stubble fields such as corn, sorghum, and soybeans. Background Art

[0002] Compared with traditional tillage, conservation tillage can not only resist drought and increase income, ensure economic benefits, but also reduce water erosion and wind erosion, and protect the ecological environment. In recent years, with the attention of the country, conservation tillage has gradually entered the stage of large-scale demonstration and promotion from the research and trial stage. As a key machine in conservation tillage, the no-till seeder can complete multiple operations such as breaking, furrowing, fertilizing, and sowing at one time. Therefore, the widespread application of no-till seeders is an inevitable trend. At present, the transmission system of the straw cleaning tooth part of the no-till seeder at home and abroad is basically a chain drive system. Although the chain drive is suitable for power transmission between two shafts that are far apart during the transmission process, the instantaneous speed of operation is uneven, there is vibration, impact and noise, and its service life is relatively short. Therefore, the transmission system problem deserves further research and improvement.

[0003] In response to the above problems, the present invention designs the transmission system of the straw cleaning device of the stubble field no-tillage planter, and changes the previous chain transmission into a gear transmission, so that the most important transmission ratio in the transmission process is constant and the motion transmission process is accurate and reliable. In addition, the gear transmission works in the form of a gear box, which has good sealing performance when working and more stable transmission. The transmission half-shafts of the present invention are connected by an elastic coupling. The elastic coupling has the characteristics of high flexibility and low rigidity, good elasticity, can reduce the vibration between the transmission shafts, has good damping and vibration reduction characteristics, can absorb part of the vibration energy, and make the gear transmission more stable. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Straw cleaning device of no-till planter (such as Figure 1 ) is mainly composed of: 1 frame, 2 grass pressing plate, 3 straw cleaning and covering blade assembly, 4 transmission system and other components. The utility model is designed for the transmission system of the straw cleaning device. The working principle of the straw cleaning device: When the tractor is working, the power output shaft outputs power to the transmission system of the straw cleaning device (such as Figure 2 ) is connected, and this power provides rotational power and traction for the straw cleaning device. First, the tractor power output shaft transmits power to the gear box X (such as Figure 3), gearbox X changes the direction of power and transmits it to gearbox Y and gearbox Z in the left and right directions. Gearbox Y and gearbox Z change the direction of power transmission and transmit it to the six gearboxes (ABCDEF) below. These six gearboxes and gearboxes Y and Z are all bevel gearboxes with the same size and model. The only difference is that gearbox B and gearbox E have three meshing gears. These six gearboxes transmit power through elastic couplings ( Figure 2 5, namely Figure 6 ) is transmitted to the various shafts of the straw cleaning tool, providing power for the straw cleaning blade assembly, which will cut and remove the roots and straw in the sowing belt (original stubble field). This achieves the effect of straw cleaning, which effectively solves the problem of roots and straw blocking the machine.

[0005] During the design process of the gear transmission system of the straw cleaning device, because there is a certain height difference between the horizontal plane where the power output shaft of the tractor and the power input shaft 1 of the straw cleaning device are located, the utility model designs a gear box X (such as Figure 3 ), the power transmitted by the tractor is input by shaft 1, and is transmitted to gearboxes Y and Z in two directions through shaft 2 and shaft 3 through gearbox X. These two gearboxes transmit the power to gearboxes B and E respectively. These two gearboxes are middle bevel gearboxes, which transmit the power to the two gearboxes A, C, D, and F next to them respectively, completing the power transmission of the six bevel gearboxes. Each gearbox drives a cleaning tooth shaft to make the straw cleaning teeth work.

[0006] There are two types of gearboxes in the transmission system (except gearbox X). Take gearboxes A and B as an example (such as Figure 4 、 Figure 5 ), the B gearbox consists of three meshing gears, and the A gearbox consists of two meshing gears. Figure 4 Figure 5 Central shafts 10 and 11 are connected to the straw-cleaning blades. To cut and remove stubble and straw, they run at the same speed of 500 r / min. The gears connecting shafts 6 and 7 in gearbox B are identical, so shafts 6 and 7 run at the same speed. In intermediate gearbox B, shaft 11 is connected to shaft 4 at the same speed, determined by gearbox Y. Gearbox Y is the same as gearbox A, so the design can be based on gearbox Y. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] Attachment Figure 1 : Side view of straw cleaning device

[0008] Attachment Figure 2 : Top view of straw cleaning device

[0009] Attachment Figure 3 : Gearbox X schematic diagram

[0010] Attachment Figure 4 :Gearbox A

[0011] Attachment Figure 5 :Gearbox B

[0012] Attachment Figure 6 :Elastic coupling

[0013] Attachment Figure 7 : Small gear

[0014] Attachment Figure 8 : Large gear

[0015] Attachment Figure 9 :Gearbox drive axle shaft

[0016] Attachment Figure 10 :Straw cleaning knife tooth drive shaft

[0017] Attachment Figure 1 Middle: 1 frame, 2 straw pressing plate, 3 straw cleaning and covering blade assembly, 4 transmission system, 5 elastic coupling;

[0018] Attachment Figure 2 Middle: 1 axis, 2 axis, 3 axis, 4 axis, 5 axis, 6 axis, 7 axis, 8 axis, 9 axis, 10 axis, 11 axis, 12 axis, 13 axis, 14 axis, 15 axis, X gearbox, Y gearbox, Z gearbox, A gearbox, B gearbox, C gearbox, D gearbox, E gearbox, F gearbox;

[0019] Attachment Figure 3 Middle: 1 axis, 2 axis, 3 axis, X gearbox;

[0020] Attachment Figure 4 Medium: 6-axis, 10-axis;

[0021] Attachment Figure 5 Medium: 4-axis, 6-axis, 7-axis, 11-axis;

[0022] Attachment Figure 6 Middle: 1 half coupling, 2 plum blossom-shaped elastic element, 3 half coupling. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The rotation speed of the power output shaft of the tractor equipped with the straw clearing device of the stubble no-tillage planter is nt = 540 r / min; the actual output efficiency η = 80%; the rotation speed of the straw clearing blade shaft nd = 500 r / min; the transmission ratio i2 of the X gearbox is 0.7; the output power Pw of the tractor is 60 kW; and the power P0 distributed to each of the six bevel gearboxes is averagely 10 kW.

[0024] Design of transmission ratio: total transmission ratio i1; gearbox X transmission ratio i2 = 0.7; gearbox Y transmission ratio i3; i1 = ηnt / nd = 540 × 80% / 500 = 0.864; i1 = i2 × i3; i3 = i1 / i2 = 0.864 / 0.7 = 1.234.

[0025] Power parameters: (1) Speed: nt = 540 r / min; n1 = ηnt = 540 × 80% = 432 r / min; n2 = n3 = n1 / i2 = 617.14 r / min; n4 = n2 / i3 = 500 r / min; n11 = n4 = 500 r / min; the cleaning blade speed is 500 r / min. (2) Power: A 60kW tractor is used to power the blades driven by the six shafts. The average input power of each bevel gearbox is 10kW. The power consumption of gearbox Y is the same as that of gearbox B, also 10kW. (3) Torque:

[0026] Gear design: select the gear material, precision grade and number of teeth, select 8-grade precision, material selection, small gear (such as Figure 7 ) Select 45# steel, quenching and tempering hardness HB229-269, tooth surface high frequency quenching, quenching hardness HRC45-50. Large gear (such as Figure 8 ) Select 45# steel, tooth surface hardness is HRC45-50, and tooth surface needs high frequency quenching. The number of teeth of the small gear is selected as Z1=17, then Z2=i3Z1=1.234×17=20.978, and the number of teeth of the large gear is Z2=21. The tooth ratio u=21 / 17=1.235. The specific parameters of the large and small gears are calculated as follows Figure 7 、 Figure 8 As shown in Figure 1. In the gear transmission system, except for the gear box X, all other gears are meshed with each other. Figure 2 Install the pinion gears on shaft 2, shaft 3, shaft 6, shaft 7, shaft 8 and shaft 9. Figure 2 The large gear is installed on the middle shaft 4, shaft 5, shaft 10, shaft 11, shaft 12, shaft 13, shaft 14 and shaft 15.

[0027] Drive shaft design: Based on operating conditions, the shaft material is 45# steel, quenched and tempered, with a hardness of HB229-269. The shaft diameter is calculated based on the torque applied to the shaft. The formula is as follows. In the formula Related to the material, [τ] T is the allowable torsional shear stress (MPa), for 45# steel, take A0=112, and calculate, Take d = 30mm. The part of the transmission half shaft of the gearbox where the bevel gear is installed is designed as a spline shaft. The diameter of the shaft shoulder used for bearing positioning should be smaller than the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring, so that the bearing can be easily disassembled. Therefore, the height of the shaft shoulder is selected to be 2.5mm. The determining factor of the shaft section length of the transmission part installed on the shaft is the width of the hub on the part. Figure 7 As shown, section A is the pinion mounting part, the rear section A is the bearing mounting section, and section B is the coupling mounting connection. This is the shaft section distribution of the gear transmission half shaft. Figure 10 It is the mounting shaft of the large gear and also the mounting shaft of the straw cleaning and covering blade assembly. Therefore, there are many shaft sections on this shaft. Figure 10 It is the shaft for installing three straw cleaning and covering blades ( Figure 2 The middle shaft 11), the D section shaft, the E section shaft, and the F section shaft are the shaft sections for installing the straw cleaning and covering blade teeth, and the C section is the shaft section for installing the bearing. The number of teeth of the straw cleaning blade is arranged in a staggered pattern of 4-3-4-4-3-4 on shaft 10, shaft 11, shaft 12, shaft 13, shaft 14, and shaft 15 (such as Figure 2 ).

[0028] Bearing selection: The small bevel gear is a cantilever structure, and the diameter of the bearing working shaft section is d=30mm. According to the working conditions of the gearbox, the bearing is subjected to radial force and axial force at the same time, so tapered roller bearings are selected. The bearing model of the small bevel gear is tapered roller bearing 7306; the bearing model of the large bevel gear is tapered roller bearing 7307.

[0029] Selection of elastic coupling: elastic coupling (such as Figure 6 ) is based on the principle of utilizing elastic elements, whose elastic deformation can compensate for the relative displacement between the two shafts, so the gap between the movable elements becomes smaller. The transmission shafts of the utility model are connected by LM-type plum blossom-shaped elastic couplings (GB / T5272-2002). This coupling has high elasticity and excellent damping and vibration reduction characteristics. It can absorb part of the vibration energy, reduce the vibration amplitude when passing through the vibration point, and reduce the torsional vibration stress between the shaft sections. The plum blossom-shaped elastic coupling utilizes a plum blossom-shaped elastic element placed between the two half-coupling claws to achieve an elastic connection between the two half-couplings. When the coupling is working, the elastomer embedded between the active and driven claws in the direction of rotation transmits torque, while the elastomer embedded between the driven and active claws does not transmit torque.

[0030] Final note: The above technical features constitute the best embodiment of the present utility model, which has strong adaptability and implementation effect. Non-essential technical features can be added or removed according to actual needs to meet the requirements of different situations.

Claims

1. A gear transmission system for a straw cleaning device of a no-tillage planter on stubble land, characterized by The tractor power output shaft transmits power to gearbox X through shaft (1). Gearbox X changes the direction of power and transmits it to gearbox Y and gearbox Z in the left and right directions. Gearbox Y and gearbox Z change the direction of power transmission and transmit it to the six gearboxes A, B, C, D, E, and F below.

2. A gear transmission system for a straw cleaning device of a stubble-free planter according to claim 1, characterized in that The six gear boxes A, B, C, D, E, and F transmit power to the various shafts of the straw cleaning cutter through the elastic coupling, thereby providing power for the straw cleaning cutter tooth assembly.

3. The gear transmission system for a straw cleaning device of a stubble-free planter according to claim 1, characterized in that The gearboxes A, C, D and F are composed of two meshing gears, and the gearboxes B and E are composed of three meshing gears.

4. The gear transmission system for a straw cleaning device of a stubble field no-tillage planter according to claim 2, characterized in that The straw cleaning blade teeth are arranged in a staggered manner on the shaft (10), the shaft (11), the shaft (12), the shaft (13), the shaft (14), and the shaft (15) in a 4-3-4-4-3-4 pattern.

Images