Swing quakeproof and disaster reduction structure and T-shaped rigid frame bridge

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of disaster prevention and reduction, and provides a swinging earthquake prevention and disaster reduction structure and a T-shaped rigid frame bridge, the structure comprises a plurality of energy consumption rods arranged in a cantilever mode, the fixed ends of the energy consumption rods are anchored in a bearing platform, the energy consumption rods are soft metal components, in the initial state, the energy consumption rods are vertically arranged, and the energy consumption rods are arranged in the T-shaped rigid frame bridge. And a gap is formed between the energy consumption rod and the pier. According to the structure, a part of earthquake energy borne by the bearing platform can be transmitted to the structure, then the earthquake energy borne by the pier is reduced, the probability that the pier is damaged due to plastic deformation is reduced, and swing of the energy dissipation rods can dissipate the earthquake energy on one hand and can prolong the natural vibration period of the bridge structure on the other hand; the device reduces the earthquake response of the bridge structure, effectively improves the anti-seismic performance of the T-shaped rigid frame bridge, further improves the overall disaster prevention and reduction capability of the bridge, is located at the pier bottom, and can be maintained and replaced without interrupting traffic or getting on the bridge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of disaster prevention and reduction, in particular to a swing earthquake-proof and disaster-reduction structure and a T-shaped rigid frame bridge. Background Art

[0002] Due to the special structure of the pier-beam consolidation of the T-shaped rigid frame bridge, under the action of an earthquake, the seismic force is mainly borne by the piers. Damage to the piers will cause energy consumption and damage. Once the piers of the rigid frame bridge undergo plastic failure under the action of an earthquake, the main beam will undergo large displacement, and the piers will be difficult to repair and restore after damage.

[0003] The current seismic design approach adopted both domestically and internationally involves directly designing the cross-sectional dimensions and reinforcement ratios of T-shaped rigid-frame bridge piers. Finite element analysis is then used to calculate the seismic forces on the pier structure under E1 and E2 earthquakes. The piers are then verified, using the respective design specifications, to ensure that the piers meet the required bending, shear, and torsional strengths, preventing them from entering a plastic state under earthquake action. However, if the actual earthquake intensity exceeds the seismic intensity specified in the design specifications, the piers, typically made of reinforced concrete, are prone to entering a plastic state, experiencing violent swaying and damage, making post-earthquake repair extremely difficult. Some researchers have adopted a larger-cross-section pier structure. While this improves the pier's bending and shear capacity, the increased pier stiffness also increases the seismic forces on the piers and the foundation, making foundation design more difficult. Some scholars have installed seismic isolation bearings, viscous dampers, metal dampers and other devices on both sides of the T-shaped rigid frame bridge. However, since the main seismic deformation of the T-shaped rigid frame bridge is in the form of "cantilever" swinging of the piers and slapping of the abutments, and the above-mentioned shock-absorbing and energy-consuming measures are directional, they cannot solve the problem of the slapping effect of the T-shaped rigid frame bridge piers under earthquakes. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the problem in the prior art that the piers of T-shaped rigid frame bridges are prone to plastic failure and the main beams are prone to the unfavorable state of the beam ends hitting the abutments under the action of earthquakes, and to provide a swing earthquake-proof and disaster-reducing structure and a T-shaped rigid frame bridge.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0006] In the first aspect, the utility model provides a rocking earthquake-proof and disaster-reducing structure, comprising a plurality of cantilevered energy-absorbing rods, wherein the fixed ends of the energy-absorbing rods are anchored in the pedestal, and the energy-absorbing rods are soft metal components. In the initial state, the energy-absorbing rods are arranged vertically, and there is a distance between the energy-absorbing rods and the bridge piers.

[0007] Energy dissipation rods can be installed on the top surface of the foundation, or on the side of the foundation if the side of the foundation is exposed to the ground. The cross-sectional shape of the energy dissipation rods can adopt various shapes, such as circles, regular polygons, etc., or irregular shapes. The number, length, and cross-sectional dimensions of the rods can be designed according to actual needs.

[0008] The energy dissipation rod can be a hollow component, a solid component, or a hollow component, and can be made of steel, memory metal, alloy or other materials so that the energy dissipation rod can swing.

[0009] By adopting the swing earthquake-proof and disaster-reduction structure described in the utility model, by arranging the above-mentioned structure on the pedestal under the pier of the T-shaped rigid frame bridge, a part of the earthquake energy received by the pedestal will be transferred to the structure, thereby reducing the earthquake energy received by the pier, and reducing the probability of the pier undergoing plastic deformation and then being damaged. The swing of the energy-absorbing rod can dissipate the earthquake energy on the one hand, and on the other hand, it can extend the natural vibration period of the bridge structure, reduce the seismic response of the bridge structure, effectively improve the earthquake resistance of the T-shaped rigid frame bridge, and thus enhance the overall disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities of the bridge. Moreover, the device is located at the bottom of the pier and can be repaired and replaced without interrupting traffic or going up the bridge.

[0010] Preferably, the energy dissipation rod has a counterweight component.

[0011] The above-mentioned setting method is adopted to further extend the natural vibration period of the bridge structure, reduce the dynamic response of the bridge structure under earthquake, significantly reduce the displacement deformation of the rigid frame bridge end, and thus avoid the problem of the slapping effect of the T-shaped rigid frame bridge under earthquake.

[0012] The number of the counterweight components 4 can be set as needed, and the positions can be arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the energy dissipation rod. The counterweight component can be a steel structure or a concrete structure, and the shape and structure are not limited, and can be solid or hollow.

[0013] Further preferably, the counterweight component is located at the free end of the energy dissipation rod.

[0014] Further preferably, two adjacent counterweight components are connected to each other.

[0015] This makes it easier to coordinate the deformation of each energy-absorbing rod, dissipate energy better, and extend the natural vibration period.

[0016] Further preferably, the energy-absorbing rods are arranged along the circumference of the pier, and all the counterweight components are connected in sequence to form a ring beam.

[0017] The ring structure surrounding the bridge piers can provide a certain degree of protection for the piers in normal times, and can effectively dissipate energy in all directions during earthquakes, thereby solving the problem of large three-dimensional deformation of T-shaped rigid frame bridges in earthquake space.

[0018] Further preferably, the energy dissipation rod is detachably connected to the counterweight component.

[0019] There is no restriction on the connection method, such as welding, clamping, bolt connection, etc. The detachable connection is convenient for replacing the counterweight component.

[0020] Preferably, a buffer component is provided on the free end of the energy dissipation rod facing the pier.

[0021] To prevent the bridge from hitting the piers and causing damage during the swinging process, the buffer components can be springs, sandbags, rubber pads, etc.

[0022] Further preferably, the energy-absorbing rod is arranged on the top surface of the support platform.

[0023] Further preferably, the energy dissipation rod is anchored to the base through a U-shaped embedded part.

[0024] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a T-shaped rigid frame bridge, comprising a rocking earthquake-proof and disaster-reducing structure as described above.

[0025] By adopting the T-shaped rigid frame bridge described in the utility model, by adding a swinging energy dissipation and shock-absorbing device to the T-shaped rigid frame bridge, it is beneficial to avoid plastic damage and destruction of the T-shaped rigid frame bridge under the action of an earthquake exceeding the design intensity, reduce the transmission of seismic energy from the foundation and the abutment to the bridge piers and main beams, and the swinging can also dissipate seismic energy, reduce the seismic force on the bridge piers, reduce the displacement and slapping effect of the main beam, and protect the operational safety of the T-shaped rigid frame bridge.

[0026] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] 1. A swinging earthquake-proof and disaster-reduction structure of the utility model is adopted. By arranging the above-mentioned structure on the pedestal under the pier of the T-shaped rigid frame bridge, a part of the earthquake energy received by the pedestal will be transferred to the structure, thereby reducing the earthquake energy received by the pier and reducing the probability of plastic deformation and subsequent damage to the pier. The swing of the energy-absorbing rod can dissipate the earthquake energy on the one hand, and on the other hand, it can extend the natural vibration period of the bridge structure, reduce the seismic response of the bridge structure, effectively improve the earthquake resistance of the T-shaped rigid frame bridge, and thus enhance the overall disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities of the bridge. Moreover, the device is located at the bottom of the pier and can be repaired and replaced without interrupting traffic or going up the bridge.

[0028] 2. A T-shaped rigid frame bridge of the utility model is adopted. By adding a swing energy dissipation and shock absorption device to the T-shaped rigid frame bridge, it is beneficial to avoid plastic damage and destruction of the T-shaped rigid frame bridge under the action of an earthquake exceeding the design intensity, reduce the transmission of seismic energy from the foundation and the abutment to the piers and main beams, and the swinging can also dissipate seismic energy, reduce the seismic force on the piers, reduce the displacement of the main beam and the slapping effect, and protect the operational safety of the T-shaped rigid frame bridge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a sway earthquake-proof and disaster-reducing structure according to Example 1;

[0030] Figure 2 is a schematic top view of a sway earthquake-proof and disaster-reducing structure according to Example 1;

[0031] Figure 3 is a schematic elevation view of a swaying earthquake-proof and disaster-reducing structure according to Example 1;

[0032] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a swaying state of a swaying earthquake-proof and disaster-reducing structure according to Example 1;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of a T-shaped rigid frame bridge in Example 2.

[0034] Figure numerals: 1-energy dissipation rod; 2-capping platform; 3-bridge pier; 4-counterweight component; 5-buffer component; 6-U-shaped embedded part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with experimental examples and specific implementation methods. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the above-mentioned subject matter of the present invention to the following embodiments. All technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0037] Unless otherwise specified, in the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, the terms indicating orientation or positional relationships such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inside," and "outside" are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientation or positional relationships in which the product / device / apparatus of the present invention is placed when it is conventionally used. These terms of orientation or positional relationships are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention or simplifying the description of the specific embodiments to facilitate a quick understanding of the solutions by technicians, and do not indicate or imply that a particular device / component / element must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0038] In addition, if the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel" and the like appear, it does not mean that the corresponding devices / components / elements are required to be absolutely horizontal or vertical or overhanging or parallel, but may be slightly tilted or have deviations. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but may be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simply understood that the corresponding devices / components / elements are set in directions such as "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", and "parallel", and can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction setting, more preferably an error / deviation within ±8%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±6%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±5%, and more preferably an error / deviation within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its role in the solution of the present utility model.

[0039] In addition, the expressions “first”, “second”, “third”, etc. in the terms are merely used to distinguish the description of the same or similar components, and should not be understood as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of specific components.

[0040] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "a plurality", and "a number" represent at least 2. It can be any number such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and even more than 9.

[0041] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solutions of this utility model, unless otherwise expressly specified / defined / restricted, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," "connected," "provided with," "laid," and "arranged" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections. They may be welding, riveting, bolting, threading, or other commonly used connection methods in the art. Such connections may be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they may be direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, or internal connections between two components.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] The utility model adopts a swing earthquake-proof and disaster-reducing structure, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, it includes several cantilevered energy-absorbing rods 1, the fixed ends of which are anchored in the pedestal 2. The energy-absorbing rods 1 are soft metal components. In the initial state, the energy-absorbing rods 1 are vertically arranged, and there is a distance between the energy-absorbing rods 1 and the pier 3. The energy-absorbing rods 1 have a counterweight component 4.

[0044] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the energy dissipation rod 1 can be various shapes, such as circular, rhombus, regular polygon, etc., or irregular. The longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the energy dissipation rod 1 can be uniform or variable, and the number, length, and cross-sectional dimensions can be designed according to actual needs. The energy dissipation rod 1 can be a mild steel component, such as a solid mild steel rod or a hollow mild steel pipe.

[0045] In some embodiments, the energy dissipation rod 1 can be arranged on the side of the base 2. The energy dissipation rod 1 can be directly embedded in the base 2, or can be bolted through embedded parts to facilitate later maintenance and replacement. For example, Figure 1 The U-shaped embedded part 6 is shown in FIG.

[0046] In some embodiments, a plurality of counterweight components 4 may be provided on the energy dissipation rod 1 , or may be provided at the free end of the energy dissipation rod 1 to enhance the pendulum effect, increase the swing amplitude, and improve energy dissipation.

[0047] In some embodiments, the counterweight component 4 can be a steel structure or a concrete structure.

[0048] For example, the energy-absorbing rods 1 are arranged along the circumference of the pier 3 to form an annular structure surrounding the pier 3. The two adjacent counterweight components 4 are connected to each other so that all the energy-absorbing rods 1 are connected as a whole and deformed in coordination. The counterweight components 4 at the ends of the energy-absorbing rods 1 are connected in sequence to form a ring beam, which is surrounded by the pier 3 of the T-shaped rigid frame bridge. According to the length of the energy-absorbing rod 1, connecting cross bars can be added at the rest of the length to further form a whole. Of course, the connecting cross bars can also be counterweight components 4. This structure can normally play a certain protective role for the pier 3. Under the action of an earthquake, the entire structure will swing. Figure 4 shown.

[0049] The ring beam formed can be a continuous structure or a structure with only one side as a whole, with the beams on each side connected in sequence. The number, form, counterweight and other parameters of the energy-absorbing rods 1 on each side can be set to be consistent or inconsistent.

[0050] In some embodiments, the connection method between the energy dissipation rod 1 and the counterweight component 4 is not limited, and welding, clamping, bolting, etc. can be used. The detachable connection facilitates the replacement of the counterweight component 4. In this embodiment, the counterweight component 4 is made of reinforced concrete. A seat plate is connected to the end of the energy dissipation rod 1, and the seat plate is bolted to the embedded parts in the counterweight component 4.

[0051] The other end of the energy dissipation rod 1 can also be connected to the support platform 2 in this way.

[0052] In some embodiments, the free end of the energy-absorbing rod 1 facing the pier 3 has a buffer component 5 to prevent it from striking the pier 3 during swinging and causing damage. The buffer component 5 can be a spring, a sandbag, a rubber pad, or a combination of multiple structures. For example, in this embodiment, the buffer component 5 is formed by a spring and a rubber pad at the end of the spring.

[0053] By adopting a swinging earthquake-proof and disaster-reduction structure described in the present invention, by arranging the above-mentioned structure on the pedestal 2 under the pier 3 of the T-shaped rigid frame bridge, a part of the earthquake energy received by the pedestal 2 will be transferred to the structure, thereby reducing the earthquake energy received by the pier 3 and reducing the probability of the pier 3 undergoing plastic deformation and then being damaged. The swing of the energy-absorbing rod 1 can dissipate the earthquake energy on the one hand, and on the other hand, it can extend the natural vibration period of the bridge structure, reduce the seismic response of the bridge structure, effectively improve the earthquake resistance of the T-shaped rigid frame bridge, and thus enhance the overall disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities of the bridge. Moreover, the device is located at the bottom of the pier and can be repaired and replaced without interrupting traffic or going up the bridge.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] The utility model adopts a T-shaped rigid frame bridge, which includes a swing earthquake-proof and disaster-reducing structure as in Example 1. Figure 5 shown.

[0056] The pier 3 of the T-shaped rigid frame bridge can adopt a solid pier in the part where the swing energy dissipation and shock absorption device is provided, and a hollow thin-walled pier can be adopted in the part above it, or the whole pier can be a solid pier.

[0057] By adding a swinging energy-absorbing and shock-absorbing device to the T-shaped rigid frame bridge, it is helpful to avoid plastic damage to the T-shaped rigid frame bridge under the action of an earthquake exceeding the design intensity, and reduce the transmission of seismic energy from the foundation and abutment to the piers and main beams. The swinging can also dissipate seismic energy, reduce the seismic force on the piers, reduce the displacement and slapping effect of the main beam, and protect the operational safety of the T-shaped rigid frame bridge.

[0058] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A swaying earthquake-proof and disaster-reducing structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of cantilevered energy-absorbing rods (1), wherein the fixed ends of the energy-absorbing rods (1) are anchored in the pedestal (2), and the energy-absorbing rods (1) are soft metal components. In an initial state, the energy-absorbing rods (1) are arranged vertically, and there is a distance between the energy-absorbing rods (1) and the bridge piers (3).

2. The swaying earthquake-proof and disaster-reducing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy-absorbing rod (1) has a counterweight component (4).

3. The swaying earthquake-proof and disaster-reducing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The counterweight component (4) is located at the free end of the energy-absorbing rod (1).

4. The sway earthquake prevention and disaster reduction structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two adjacent counterweight components (4) are connected to each other.

5. The swaying earthquake-proof and disaster-reducing structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The energy-absorbing rods (1) are arranged along the circumference of the bridge pier (3), and all the counterweight components (4) are connected in sequence to form a ring beam.

6. The swaying earthquake-proof and disaster-reducing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The energy-absorbing rod (1) is detachably connected to the counterweight component (4).

7. A swaying earthquake-proof and disaster-reducing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The free end of the energy-absorbing rod (1) is provided with a buffer component (5) on the side facing the bridge pier (3).

8. The swaying earthquake-proof and disaster-reducing structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The energy-absorbing rod (1) is arranged on the top surface of the supporting platform (2).

9. The swaying earthquake-proof and disaster-reducing structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The energy-absorbing rod (1) is anchored to the support platform (2) via a U-shaped embedded part (6).

10. A T-shaped rigid frame bridge, characterized in that: It comprises a swaying earthquake-proof and disaster-reducing structure as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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