Stacking type solar thermal power generation solid particle heat absorption and heat exchange performance testing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a stacked solar thermal power generation solid particle heat absorption and heat exchange performance testing device which comprises a feeding hopper, a slide way, a receiver, a vertical particle channel and a transverse particle channel which are sequentially connected, and one end, far away from the vertical particle channel, of the transverse particle channel is connected with an inlet end of the feeding hopper; the light source is arranged above the slide way and is used for providing simulated condensation solar irradiation for the particles in the slide way; the first temperature sensor is arranged at the starting point of the slideway; the third temperature sensor is arranged at the end point of the slideway; a gate valve for controlling the size of an opening of the slide way is arranged at one end, connected with the feeding hopper, of the slide way; and a first screw rod and a second screw rod are respectively arranged at two ends of the vertical particle channel. The device can be used for testing the heat absorption capacity of the solid particles, the particle flow speed is continuously controllable, the particles can be circularly heated, the feeding temperature is controllable, and the heat absorption performance of the particles can be accurately evaluated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of solid particle heat absorption performance testing, in particular to a stacked solar thermal power generation solid particle heat absorption and heat exchange performance testing device. Background Art

[0002] Solar energy boasts the advantages of being clean, green, and widely distributed. Direct solar thermal conversion is gaining increasing attention because it can be combined with energy storage systems to achieve stable output and contribute to grid peak regulation. However, the cost of solar thermal power generation using molten salt as a heat transfer medium remains high. Developing a new generation of solid particle photothermal conversion materials to improve the heat absorption capacity and operating temperature of solar thermal power generation equipment, thereby reducing power generation costs, is an important development direction for solar thermal power generation technology.

[0003] Accurate evaluation of solid particle performance is a crucial link in the research and development of high-performance solid particle photothermal conversion materials. Among them, the evaluation of the heat absorption performance of solid particles requires the use of a solid particle heat absorber. However, the current design of solid particle heat absorbers is oriented towards practical engineering applications rather than experimental testing, and has the disadvantage of uncontrollable solid particle flow rate and flow rate. For example, patent CN115930467A discloses a curtain-type particle heat absorber with a variable light-receiving area, which uses gravity to make particles fall freely to form a curtain, but because the particles fall freely too quickly, the irradiation time is extremely short, the particle temperature rise is small, and the heat absorption effect is poor. In addition, patent CN110057119A also discloses a particle heat absorption device and its heat absorber, which uses a blower to blow from bottom to top to increase the irradiation residence time of the particles, but the disadvantage is that the blowing of the blower will take away the heat of the particles, causing losses, while reducing the temperature rise of the particles.

[0004] Therefore, there is currently a lack of a solid particle heat absorption performance testing device and method that can test the heat absorption capacity of solid particles, continuously control the particle flow rate, cyclically heat the particles, control the feed temperature, and accurately evaluate the heat absorption performance of the particles. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned technologies, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for testing the heat absorption and heat exchange performance of solid particles in a stacked solar thermal power generation system, and to provide a testing device and method for evaluating the heat absorption performance of particles.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present utility model is as follows:

[0007] A device for testing the heat absorption and heat exchange performance of solid particles in a stacked solar thermal power generation system, comprising a feed funnel, a slide, a receiver, a vertical particle channel, and a transverse particle channel connected in sequence, wherein the end of the transverse particle channel away from the vertical particle channel is connected to the inlet end of the feed funnel; further comprising a light source arranged above the slide for providing simulated concentrated solar radiation for the particles inside the slide; further comprising a first temperature sensor arranged at the starting point of the slide and a third temperature sensor arranged at the end point of the slide; a gate valve for controlling the size of the slide opening is provided at one end of the slide connected to the feed funnel; and a first screw and a second screw are provided at both ends of the vertical particle channel, respectively.

[0008] Preferably, the gate valve, the first screw and the second screw are automated mechanisms.

[0009] Preferably, a heater is provided on the outside of the feeding funnel.

[0010] Preferably, a stirring device is provided inside the feeding funnel.

[0011] Preferably, the slide is a tubular channel, and an opening is provided on a side of the slide opposite to the light source, and the opening is covered with a light-transmitting plate.

[0012] Preferably, a second temperature sensor is provided at the midpoint of the slideway.

[0013] Preferably, the gate valve is connected to a motor for controlling the cross-sectional size of the slideway and the thickness of the fluidized bed through which the particles flow.

[0014] Preferably, a heat preservation device is provided on the outside of the slide.

[0015] Preferably, a heat preservation device is provided on the outside of the feed funnel, the vertical particle channel and the transverse particle channel.

[0016] Preferably, the heat-insulating device is a wrapping layer made of heat-insulating material.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for testing the heat absorption and heat exchange performance of stacked solar thermal power generation solid particles, which is implemented by the above-mentioned stacked solar thermal power generation solid particle heat absorption and heat exchange performance testing device, and includes the following steps:

[0018] 1) Open the gate valve to allow the particles to flow out. The particles will accumulate in the receiver and wait until the particle flow stops completely.

[0019] 2) turning on the first screw and the second screw to transfer the particles in the receiver to the vertical particle channel and the transverse particle channel. After the particles circulate in the stacked solar thermal power generation solid particle heat absorption and heat exchange performance testing device and the flow state stabilizes, turning on the light source and recording the incident light intensity P;

[0020] 3) Record the temperature readings T0, T1, T2, and T3 at the starting point, midpoint, and end point of the feed funnel and slide;

[0021] 4) recording the temperature reading for a long time, with the starting time point of the recording marked as t1 and the ending time point marked as t2;

[0022] 5) After the test is completed, close the gate valve, the first screw, the second screw, and the light source, and calculate the heat absorption and heat exchange efficiency of the solid particles.

[0023] Preferably, the heat absorption efficiency of the particles is calculated by the following formula:

[0024]

[0025] Where η1 is the particle heat absorption efficiency; C p is the specific heat capacity of the particles; T3 is the temperature value of the particles after absorbing heat; T1 is the temperature value of the particles before absorbing heat; P is the incident light intensity; S is the effective irradiation area; m is the total cumulative mass of particles transported by the first screw from t1 to t2.

[0026] Preferably, the heat exchange efficiency of the particles is calculated by the following formula:

[0027]

[0028] Where η2 is the particle heat transfer efficiency; C p is the specific heat capacity of the particles; T3 is the temperature value of the particles after absorbing heat and before heat exchange; T0 is the temperature value of the particles after heat exchange and before heat absorption.

[0029] Preferably, the energy conversion efficiency of the overall system consisting of the particles and the stacked solar thermal power generation solid particle heat absorption and heat exchange performance testing device is calculated by the following formula:

[0030]

[0031] Where η is the overall system energy conversion efficiency; C p is the specific heat capacity of the particles; T3 is the temperature of the particles after absorbing heat and before heat exchange; T0 is the temperature of the particles after heat exchange and before absorbing heat, P represents the incident light intensity; S is the effective irradiation area; m is the total cumulative mass of particles transported by the first screw from t1 to t2.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0033] The present invention provides a device for testing the heat absorption and heat exchange performance of solid particles in a stacked solar thermal power generation system. Through the coordination of a feed hopper, a slideway, a gate valve, and a screw, the device achieves continuous and controllable particle flow rate, controllable light-receiving fluidized layer thickness, cyclic heating of the particles, and uniform and controllable feed temperature. The present invention also provides a method for testing the heat absorption and heat exchange performance of solid particles in a stacked solar thermal power generation system, providing a specific calculation formula for the heat absorption and heat exchange capacity of solid particles. This method can accurately assess the heat absorption and heat exchange capacity of solid particles at different initial temperatures, facilitating research on solid particles and solid particle heat absorbers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a stacked solar thermal power generation solid particle heat absorption and heat exchange performance testing device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional diagram of a test device for the heat absorption and heat transfer performance of solid particles in a medium-sized stacked solar thermal power generation system;

[0036] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the temperature sensor distribution on the slide;

[0037] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of slideway cross section and gate valve position distribution;

[0038] In the figure: feed funnel 1, heater 2, gate valve 3, slide 4, insulation device 5, receiver 6, first screw 7, vertical particle channel 8, second screw 9, transverse particle channel 10, light source 11, first temperature sensor 12, second temperature sensor 13, third temperature sensor 14. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to better explain the present invention, the main contents of the present invention are further illustrated below in combination with specific embodiments, but the contents of the present invention are not limited to the following embodiments.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the utility model provides a stacked solar thermal power generation solid particle heat absorption and heat exchange performance testing device, which can heat the particles to a fixed initial temperature according to the test requirements, and can regulate the temperature rise of the particles after irradiation by controlling the particle flow rate, and then use the test data to calculate the heat absorption capacity of the solid particles according to the formula provided by the utility model.

[0042] The stacked solar thermal power generation solid particle heat absorption and heat exchange performance testing device includes a feed hopper 1, a heater 2, a gate valve 3, a slide 4, a heat preservation device 5, a receiver 6, a first screw 7, a vertical particle channel 8, a second screw 9, a transverse particle channel 10, a light source 11, a first temperature sensor 12, a second temperature sensor 13, and a third temperature sensor 14. The slide 4, vertical particle channel 8, and transverse particle channel 10 are all tubular structures. The stacked solar thermal power generation solid particle heat absorption and heat exchange performance testing device of the present invention can be supported by a bracket to ensure the connection between the various components and their corresponding functions.

[0043] Among them, the heater 2 is arranged on the outside of the feed funnel 1 to heat the particles inside the feed funnel 1. The outlet end of the feed funnel 1 is connected to the inlet end of the slide 4, and the inlet end of the slide 4 is provided with a gate valve 3, which can control the opening size of the slide 4. The slide 4 and the outside of the feed funnel 1 are provided with a heat preservation device 5, which is used to keep the particles in the slide 4 and the feed funnel 1 warm. A receiver 6 is provided at the outlet end of the slide 4 to receive the particles flowing down the slide 4. The receiver 6 is connected to the vertical particle channel 8, and the end of the vertical particle channel 8 close to the receiver 6 is the particle input end. The input end is provided with a first screw 7, and the output end of the vertical particle channel 8 is provided with a second screw 9. The second screw 9 is connected to the input end of the transverse particle channel 10, so that the particles are transported to the transverse particle channel 10 through the vertical particle channel 8 under the vertical power of the first screw 7 and the second screw 9. The output end of the transverse particle channel 10 is connected to the inlet end of the feed hopper 1, and the particles are transported to the feed hopper 1 under the action of the second screw 9. The light source 11 is arranged above the slide 4 to provide simulated concentrated solar radiation for the particles inside the slide 4.

[0044] The specific structure is as follows:

[0045] The feed funnel 1 is the inlet of the particles. A stirring device can be added to the feed funnel 1 of the utility model so that the heat-absorbing particles can be input from the feed funnel 1 with a more uniform initial temperature; the heater 2 is arranged on the outside of the feed funnel 1, and is used to heat the particles to the initial temperature. The heater 2 can heat the particles to a temperature within 300°C, and an insulation device 5 is provided on the outside of the heater 2.

[0046] The slide 4 is connected to the bottom of the feed funnel 1, and is used to receive the particles flowing out of the feed funnel 1, and allows the particles to absorb heat when passing through the irradiation focus. The slide 4 is a square pipe, and an opening is set on the top surface of the slide 4 for radiation to enter, forming an inlet, and a light-transmitting plate is set at the opening. The setting of the light-transmitting plate can reduce the heat loss caused by air disturbance. The light-transmitting plate is a light-transmitting heat-insulating plate and can be made of quartz glass. The inlet end of the slide 4 is higher than the receiver 6, so that the particles can flow from the inlet end to the outlet end in the slide 4; in order to ensure the service life of the slide 4, the slide 4 is made of high-temperature resistant material, preferably made of ceramic or other high-temperature resistant materials, and the outer surface of the slide 4 except the opening is provided with a heat-insulating device 5; the gate valve 3 is set at the connection between the feed funnel 1 and the slide 4, such as Figure 4 As shown, the gate valve 3 can be used to control the particle flow rate and the thickness of the fluidized bed. The gate valve of this embodiment is connected to a motor for controlling the cross-sectional size of the slideway through which the particles flow and the thickness of the fluidized bed. The motor can control the opening and closing of the gate valve, thereby controlling the particle flow rate and the thickness of the fluidized bed as the particles flow from the feed funnel into the slideway.

[0047] The insulation device 5 of this embodiment is a wrapping layer made of insulation material, and the insulation material is wrapped on the outer wall of the feed funnel 1 and the slide 4 except the opening to reduce heat loss; in order to improve the insulation effect, the insulation material uses insulation rock wool or other insulation materials.

[0048] The receiver 6 is a particle storage container connected to the bottom of the slide 4 and is used to receive particles that have absorbed heat; the first screw 7 is set on the receiver 6 and is used to transport the particles in the receiver 6 upward to the vertical particle channel 8; the second screw 9 is set at the end of the vertical particle channel 8 and is used to increase the kinetic energy of the particles transported by the first screw 7 to the vertical particle channel 8 and transport them to the transverse particle channel 10, and then return to the feed funnel 1 through the transverse particle channel 10, forming a particle circulation, simulating the circulation flow and heat exchange process of the particles in the actual engineering process, so that the test device can calculate the heat exchange capacity and the energy conversion efficiency of the overall system while testing the heat absorption capacity of the particles. The vertical particle channel 8 and the transverse particle channel 10 can also be wrapped with an insulation device 5 made of rock wool material or other insulation material to reduce heat loss. The particle circulation speed inside the entire device can be controlled by controlling the transportation volume of the first screw 7 and the second screw 9.

[0049] The light source 11 of this embodiment is a lamp source, which is set at a set distance above the slide 4 and is used to provide a certain intensity of simulated concentrated solar radiation; Figure 3As shown, a first temperature sensor 12 is located at the starting point of slide 4 and is used to detect the temperature of the unirradiated particles. A second temperature sensor 13 is located at the midpoint of slide 4 and is used to detect the temperature of the particles at the focal point. Monitoring the temperature at the midpoint of slide 4 ensures that the highest point temperature of the equipment is always known, improving the safety of the testing process. A third temperature sensor 14 is located at the end of slide 4 and is used to detect the temperature of the particles after irradiation.

[0050] The gate valve 3, the first screw 7 and the second screw 9 of this embodiment are automated mechanisms and are connected to a controller. The controller can automatically control the gate valve 3, the first screw 7 and the second screw 9 according to the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor.

[0051] The flow cross-section of the particles in the slide 4 controlled by the gate valve 3 will affect the thickness of the particle flow layer, and the rotation speed of the first screw 7 will determine the flow velocity and flow rate of the particles. The flow velocity and flow rate of the particles will determine the time the particles are irradiated. Under certain irradiation intensity and irradiation time, theoretically, the stronger the heat absorption capacity of the particles, the greater the temperature rise.

[0052] The present invention's stacked solar thermal power generation solid particle heat absorption performance test device can form a circulation system. Its working principle is as follows: simulated sunlight is irradiated through the light-transmitting plate at the entrance to the slide 4. After the heat-absorbing particles are input from the feed funnel 1, they are heated by the heater 2 or directly enter the slide 4. In the slide 4, they receive radiation and heat up. Then they enter the receiver 6 to form a stacked state. The first screw 7 then transports the particles to the vertical particle channel 8 and controls the overall particle flow rate. Then, they pass through the second screw 9 and the transverse particle channel 10 and return to the feed funnel 1, forming a particle circulation. By adjusting the rotation speed of the first screw 7 and the second screw 9 and the cross-sectional opening and closing degree of the slide 4 controlled by the gate valve 3, the particle flow rate and flow velocity can be changed, thereby adjusting the particle temperature rise amplitude. The temperature rise amplitude of different particles under different initial temperatures, flow rates, flow rates, and irradiation intensities can be compared, thereby comparing the heat absorption capacity of different particles.

[0053] The method for testing the heat absorption and heat transfer performance of solid particles for solar thermal power generation using the above-mentioned device comprises the following steps:

[0054] The method for testing the heat absorption and heat transfer performance of solar thermal power generation solid particles using the above-mentioned device comprises the following steps:

[0055] 1) Add particles to the feed hopper 1, turn on the heater 2, heat the particles to a certain initial temperature, and then turn off the heater 2;

[0056] 2) Open the gate valve 3 to allow the particles to flow out, and the particles form an accumulation state in the receiver 6 until the particle flow stops completely;

[0057] 3) Opening the first screw 7 and the second screw 9 to transfer the particles in the receiver 6 to the vertical particle channel 8 and the transverse particle channel 10. After the particles circulate in the above device and the flow state stabilizes, turn on the light source 11 and record the incident light intensity P;

[0058] 4) Record the temperature readings T0, T1, T2, and T3 at the starting point, midpoint, and end point of the feed funnel 1 and the slide 4;

[0059] 5) Record the above data points for a long time, with the starting time point of the record marked as t1 and the ending time point marked as t2;

[0060] 6) After the test is completed, the gate valve 3, the first screw 7, the second screw 9, and the light source 11 are closed, and the heat absorption and heat exchange efficiency of the solid particles are obtained by calculation.

[0061] In the above calculation process, the calculation formula for the heat absorption capacity of particles is as follows:

[0062]

[0063] Where η1 is the heat absorption efficiency of solid particles; C p is the specific heat capacity of the particles; T3 is the temperature value of the particles after absorbing heat; T1 is the temperature value of the particles before absorbing heat; P is the incident light intensity; S is the effective irradiation area; m is the cumulative total mass of the particles transported by the first screw 7 from t1 to t2.

[0064] The heat transfer efficiency of solid particles is calculated by the following formula:

[0065]

[0066] Where η2 is the heat transfer efficiency of solid particles; C p is the specific heat capacity of the particles; T3 is the temperature value of the particles after absorbing heat and before heat exchange; T0 is the temperature value of the particles after heat exchange and before heat absorption.

[0067] The above method can also be used to test the energy conversion efficiency of the overall system composed of solid particles and the stacked solar thermal power generation solid particle heat absorption and heat exchange performance test device to check the feasibility of the system.

[0068] The energy conversion efficiency of the overall system consisting of solid particles and the stacked solar thermal power generation solid particle heat absorption and heat exchange performance test device is calculated by the following formula:

[0069]

[0070] Where η is the overall system energy conversion efficiency; C pis the specific heat capacity of the particles; T3 is the temperature value of the particles after absorbing heat and before heat exchange; T0 is the temperature value of the particles after heat exchange and before heat absorption, P represents the incident light intensity; S is the effective irradiation area; m is the cumulative total mass of particles transported by the first screw 7 from t1 to t2.

[0071] In the above formula, the effective irradiation area S is the area of ​​the opening above the slideway 4. The cumulative total mass of the particles m can be determined by previously conducting a test experiment using particles of known mass to be tested through the apparatus of Example 1 to determine the relationship between the speed and time of the first screw 7 and the mass of the particles to be tested. In actual testing, the cumulative total mass of the particles conveyed by the first screw 7 from time t1 to t2 can be determined by the speed and operating time of the first screw 7.

Claims

1. A device for testing the heat absorption and heat exchange performance of solid particles in a stacked solar thermal power generation system, characterized by: The invention comprises a feed funnel (1), a slideway (4), a receiver (6), a vertical particle channel (8), and a transverse particle channel (10) connected in sequence, wherein the end of the transverse particle channel (10) away from the vertical particle channel (8) is connected to the inlet end of the feed funnel (1); a light source (11) is arranged above the slideway (4) for providing simulated concentrated solar radiation for the particles inside the slideway (4); a first temperature sensor (12) is arranged at the starting point of the slideway (4), and a third temperature sensor (14) is arranged at the end point of the slideway (4); a gate valve (3) for controlling the opening size of the slideway (4) is provided on the end of the slideway (4) connected to the feed funnel (1); and a first screw (7) and a second screw (9) are respectively provided at both ends of the vertical particle channel (8).

2. The device for testing heat absorption and heat exchange performance of solid particles for stacked solar thermal power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gate valve (3), the first screw (7) and the second screw (9) are automated mechanisms.

3. The device for testing heat absorption and heat exchange performance of solid particles for stacked solar thermal power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heater (2) is provided on the outside of the feeding funnel (1).

4. The device for testing heat absorption and heat exchange performance of solid particles for stacked solar thermal power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A stirring device is provided inside the feeding funnel (1).

5. The device for testing heat absorption and heat exchange performance of solid particles for stacked solar thermal power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slideway (4) is a tubular channel, and an opening is provided on a side of the slideway (4) opposite to the light source (11), and the opening is covered with a light-transmitting plate.

6. The device for testing heat absorption and heat exchange performance of solid particles for stacked solar thermal power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second temperature sensor (13) is provided at the midpoint of the slideway (4).

7. The device for testing heat absorption and heat exchange performance of solid particles for stacked solar thermal power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gate valve (3) is connected to a motor and is used to control the cross-sectional size and fluid layer thickness of particles flowing through the slideway (4).

8. The device for testing heat absorption and heat exchange performance of solid particles for stacked solar thermal power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat preservation device (5) is provided on the outside of the slideway (4).

9. The device for testing heat absorption and heat exchange performance of solid particles for stacked solar thermal power generation according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: A heat preservation device (5) is provided on the outside of the feed hopper (1), the vertical particle channel (8) and the transverse particle channel (10).

10. The device for testing heat absorption and heat exchange performance of solid particles for stacked solar thermal power generation according to claim 9, characterized in that: The heat-insulating device (5) is a wrapping layer made of heat-insulating material.

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