Tree pit soil moisture preservation device suitable for plateau mountainous area

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of plateau greening, and particularly relates to a plant pit soil moisture preservation device suitable for plateau mountain areas, which comprises a soil layer, a plant pit is arranged on the surface of the soil layer, a tree body is planted in the plant pit, and a breathable impermeable layer is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the bottom of the plant pit. The inner side wall of the breathable impermeable layer is backfilled with planting backfill soil, the interior of the planting backfill soil is uniformly mixed with a water-retaining agent, the upper portion of the planting backfill soil is covered with geotechnical cloth, the surface of the geotechnical cloth is fixedly covered with a macromolecule consolidation water-retaining layer, and a rainwater collecting and irrigating mechanism is further arranged in the soil layer. According to the plant pit soil moisture preservation device suitable for the plateau mountain area, by arranging the breathable impermeable layer, about 30% of water leakage is reduced, 40% of irrigation cost is saved, and by arranging the macromolecule consolidation water retention layer, the soil evaporation rate can be reduced by 8-10%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of plateau greening, in particular to a tree pit moisture conservation device suitable for plateau mountainous areas. Background Art

[0002] Afforestation and greening projects are being carried out in the mountainous areas of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, especially in areas with annual rainfall of less than 500 mm, as represented by Lhasa. The rainfall in this area is relatively small (around 400 mm), the evaporation is large (over 2000 mm), the natural environment is harsh, and ecological restoration work is difficult. Reforestation and afforestation of the mountains are even more difficult.

[0003] The greening of the mountains in Lhasa has problems such as poor soil water retention capacity and large evaporation. Therefore, a tree pit moisture conservation device suitable for plateau mountainous areas is needed to improve the tree pit moisture retention capacity, reduce soil moisture evaporation efficiency, and increase the survival rate of plant planting. Utility Model Content

[0004] Based on the existing plateau greening technology problems, the utility model proposes a tree pit moisture conservation device suitable for plateau mountainous areas.

[0005] The utility model proposes a tree hole moisture conservation device suitable for plateau mountainous areas, comprising a soil layer, a tree hole is opened on the surface of the soil layer, a tree body is planted inside the tree hole, a breathable and anti-seepage layer is fixedly installed on the bottom inner wall of the tree hole, the inner side wall of the breathable and anti-seepage layer is backfilled with planting backfill soil, the interior of the planting backfill soil is uniformly mixed with a water-retaining agent, the upper part of the planting backfill soil is covered with a geotextile, the surface of the geotextile is fixedly covered with a polymer consolidated water-retaining layer, and a rainwater collection and irrigation mechanism is also provided inside the soil layer.

[0006] Preferably, the interior of the breathable and anti-seepage layer is made of non-woven fabric, especially a non-woven fabric material with improved void structure and material.

[0007] Through the above technical solution, a breathable and anti-seepage layer is set up, which reduces water leakage by about 30% and saves 40% of irrigation costs. The material selected is a non-woven fabric with an equivalent pore size ≥90mm and an improved surface with a micro-nano hydrophobic structure. It can maintain a head height of 5~8mm without water seeping in, but does not affect the breathability of the root system. After the breathable and anti-seepage layer is laid at the bottom of the tree hole, it can effectively prevent the infiltration and loss of irrigation water, improve the use efficiency of irrigation water, and enhance the water retention capacity of the tree hole. It is particularly suitable for areas with severe desertification in Tibet.

[0008] Preferably, the interior of the polymer solidified water-retaining layer is a water-retaining agent.

[0009] Through the above technical solution, a polymer consolidation and water-retention layer is set up, which can reduce the soil evaporation rate by 8~10%. The main components are composed of plant cellulose, potassium polyacrylate and xanthan gum, which are attached to the geotextile. This composite material has high water solubility and strong adhesion. After drying, it can form a 10mm thick consolidation layer on the soil surface. The consolidation and water-retention layer can effectively reduce the evaporation of water inside the tree hole and improve the water and moisture retention capacity.

[0010] Preferably, the water-retaining agent is an agricultural and forestry water-retaining agent of model KM3005.

[0011] Through the above technical solution, the water-retaining agent can absorb and retain water hundreds of times more than its own weight. The hydrogel formed after absorbing water can retain moisture under external pressure and is not easily dehydrated. It is made of natural materials, is environmentally friendly, can be naturally degraded, and will not cause environmental pollution. Application to the soil can improve the soil's aggregate structure and improve the soil's air permeability and water retention.

[0012] Preferably, the rainwater irrigation and collection mechanism includes a rainwater collection box, which is fixedly mounted on the upper part of the soil layer, a filter is fixedly mounted on the upper part of the rainwater collection box, a water outlet is provided at the lower part of the rainwater collection box, an inner side wall of the water outlet is fixedly connected to a water outlet pipe, one end of the outlet pipe is fixedly connected to a water storage tank, the water storage tank is arranged inside the soil layer, a water delivery port is provided on one side surface of the lower end of the water storage tank, a water pump is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of one side of the lower end of the water storage tank, the water pump is powered by a solar battery, the water pumping end of the water pump is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the water delivery port, the water outlet end of the water pump is fixedly connected to a water delivery pipe, the water delivery pipe passes through and extends into the interior of the tree pit, an irrigation port is provided at the lower end of the water delivery pipe extending into the interior of the tree pit, a plurality of the irrigation ports are arranged in a linear array, and a drip irrigation head is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the irrigation port.

[0013] Through the above technical solution, a rainwater collection box is set up to collect rainwater during the rainy season and store it in a water storage tank. The rainwater is utilized to save water resources. A filter is set up to filter some fallen leaves to prevent the fallen leaves from clogging the pipes. A water pump is set up and powered by a solar battery. The water pump is manually started in the non-rainy season to transport the irrigation water in the water storage tank to the water pipe. The drip irrigation head is used to directly drip irrigation to the roots of the trees inside the tree holes, thereby reducing water evaporation and improving water utilization.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] 1. By setting up a breathable and anti-seepage layer, water leakage is reduced by about 30% and irrigation costs are saved by 40%. The non-woven fabric with an equivalent pore size ≥ 90mm, an improved surface, and a micro-nano hydrophobic structure can maintain a water head height of 5-8mm without water seeping in, but it does not affect the breathability of the root system. After the breathable and anti-seepage layer is laid at the bottom of the tree hole, it can effectively prevent the infiltration and loss of irrigation water, improve the use efficiency of irrigation water, and enhance the water retention capacity of the tree hole. It is particularly suitable for areas with severe desertification in Tibet.

[0016] 2. By setting up a polymer consolidation water-retention layer, the soil evaporation rate can be reduced by 8~10%. The main components are plant cellulose, potassium polyacrylate and xanthan gum, etc., attached to the geotextile. This composite material has high water solubility and strong adhesion. After drying, it can form a 10mm thick consolidation layer on the soil surface. The consolidation water-retention layer can effectively reduce the evaporation of water inside the tree hole and improve the water and moisture retention capacity.

[0017] 3. Set up rainwater collection boxes to collect rainwater during the rainy season and store it in water tanks to utilize the rainwater and save water resources. Set up filters to filter some fallen leaves to prevent them from clogging the pipes. Set up a water pump to start the water pump in the non-rainy season and transport the irrigation water in the water tank to the water pipe. Use the drip irrigation head to directly drip the roots of the trees inside the tree pits to reduce water evaporation and improve water utilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a tree pit moisture conservation device suitable for plateau mountainous areas proposed by the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the planting backfill soil structure of a tree hole moisture conservation device suitable for plateau mountainous areas proposed by the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the water outlet structure of a tree pit moisture conservation device suitable for plateau mountainous areas proposed by the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the water storage tank structure of a tree pit moisture conservation device suitable for plateau mountainous areas proposed by the utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the water pump structure of a tree pit moisture conservation device suitable for plateau mountainous areas proposed by the utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the drip irrigation head structure of a tree hole moisture conservation device suitable for plateau mountainous areas proposed by the utility model;

[0024] Figure 7This is a three-dimensional diagram of the water-retaining agent structure of a tree pit moisture conservation device suitable for plateau mountainous areas proposed by the utility model.

[0025] In the figure: 1. Soil layer; 2. Tree hole; 3. Tree body; 4. Breathable and anti-seepage layer; 5. Planting backfill soil; 6. Water-retaining agent; 7. Geotextile; 8. Polymer consolidation water-retaining layer; 9. Rainwater collection box; 10. Filter; 11. Water outlet; 12. Water outlet pipe; 13. Water storage tank; 14. Water inlet; 15. Water pump; 16. Water pipe; 17. Irrigation outlet; 18. Drip irrigation head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0027] Reference Figure 1-Figure 7 A tree hole moisture conservation device suitable for plateau mountainous areas includes a soil layer 1, a tree hole 2 is opened on the surface of the soil layer 1, a tree body 3 is planted inside the tree hole 2, a breathable and anti-seepage layer 4 is fixedly installed on the bottom inner wall of the tree hole 2, the inner side wall of the breathable and anti-seepage layer 4 is backfilled with planting backfill soil 5, the interior of the planting backfill soil 5 is evenly mixed with a water-retaining agent 6, the upper part of the planting backfill soil 5 is covered with a geotextile 7, the surface of the geotextile 7 is fixedly covered with a polymer consolidated water-retaining layer 8, and a rainwater collection and irrigation mechanism is also provided inside the soil layer 1.

[0028] The interior of the breathable and anti-seepage layer 4 is a non-woven fabric, preferably a non-woven fabric with improved void structure and material;

[0029] By setting up a breathable and anti-seepage layer 4, water leakage is reduced by about 30% and irrigation costs are saved by 40%. A non-woven fabric with an equivalent pore size ≥ 90 mm, an improved surface, and a micro-nano hydrophobic structure is selected to maintain a water head height of 5 to 8 mm without water seeping in, but does not affect the breathability of the root system. After the breathable and anti-seepage layer 4 is laid to the bottom of the tree hole 2, it can effectively prevent the infiltration and loss of irrigation water, improve the utilization efficiency of irrigation water, and enhance the water retention capacity of the tree hole 2. It is particularly suitable for areas with severe desertification in Tibet.

[0030] The interior of the polymer solidified water-retaining layer 8 is a water-retaining agent, preferably mainly composed of plant cellulose, potassium polyacrylate and xanthan gum;

[0031] By setting up a polymer consolidation water-retention layer 8, the soil evaporation rate can be reduced by 8~10%. The polymer consolidation water-retention layer 8 is attached to the geotextile 7. This composite material has high water solubility and strong adhesion. After drying, it can form a mm thick consolidation layer on the soil surface. The consolidation water-retention layer can effectively reduce the evaporation of water inside the tree hole 2 and improve the water and moisture retention capacity.

[0032] Water retaining agent 6 adopts agricultural and forestry water retaining agent model KM3005;

[0033] By setting up the water-retaining agent 6, it can absorb and retain water hundreds of times more than its own weight. The hydrogel formed after absorbing water can retain water under external pressure and is not easy to dehydrate. It is made of natural materials, is environmentally friendly, can be naturally degraded, and will not cause environmental pollution. When applied to the soil, it can improve the soil's granular structure and improve the soil's air permeability and water retention.

[0034] The rainwater irrigation collection mechanism includes a rainwater collection box 9, which is fixedly mounted on the upper part of the soil layer 1. A filter screen 10 is fixedly mounted on the upper part of the rainwater collection box 9. A water outlet 11 is provided at the lower part of the rainwater collection box 9. An outlet pipe 12 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the outlet 11. One end of the outlet pipe 12 is fixedly connected to a water storage tank 13. The water storage tank 13 is arranged inside the soil layer 1. A water inlet 14 is provided on the surface of one side of the lower end of the water storage tank 13. A water pump 15 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of one side of the end. The water pump 15 is powered by a solar battery. The water pumping end of the water pump 15 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water inlet 14. The water outlet of the water pump 15 is fixedly connected to a water pipe 16. The water pipe 16 passes through and extends into the interior of the tree pit 2. An irrigation port 17 is opened at the lower end of the water pipe 16 extending into the interior of the tree pit 2. The multiple irrigation ports 17 are arranged in a linear array. The inner wall of the irrigation port 17 is fixedly connected to a drip irrigation head 18.

[0035] By setting up a rainwater collection box 9, rainwater is collected by the rainwater collection box 9 during the rainy season and stored in a water storage tank 13, rainwater is utilized to save water resources. A filter 10 is set to filter some fallen leaves to prevent the fallen leaves from clogging the pipeline. A water pump 15 is set and powered by a solar battery. The water pump 15 is manually started in the non-rainy season to transport the irrigation water in the water storage tank 13 to the water pipe 16. The roots of the tree body 3 inside the tree hole 2 are directly drip-irrigated through the drip irrigation head 18, thereby reducing water evaporation and improving water utilization.

[0036] Working principle: First, dig a tree hole 2 at a suitable location, select a suitable position to pass the water pipe 16 through the tree hole 2, lay a breathable and anti-seepage layer 4 at the bottom of the tree hole 2, and after transplanting the tree body 3 into the tree hole 2, backfill the tree hole 2 with planting backfill soil 5, and lay geotextile 7 on the planting backfill soil 5. The contact surface between the geotextile and the backfill soil is covered with a polymer consolidated water-retaining layer 8. During the rainy season, rainwater is collected and stored through a rainwater collection box 9. During the non-rainy season, the water pump 15 is powered by a solar battery, and the water pump 15 is manually started to transport the irrigation water in the water tank 13 to the water pipe 16. The roots of the tree body 3 inside the tree hole 2 are directly drip-irrigated through the drip irrigation head 18 to reduce water evaporation and improve water utilization.

[0037] The above is only a preferred specific implementation method of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can make equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and utility model concept of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tree pit moisture conservation device suitable for plateau mountainous areas, comprising a soil layer (1), characterized in that: A tree hole (2) is provided on the surface of the soil layer (1), a tree body (3) is planted inside the tree hole (2), a breathable and anti-seepage layer (4) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the tree hole (2), the inner side wall of the breathable and anti-seepage layer (4) is backfilled with planting backfill soil (5), the inside of the planting backfill soil (5) is uniformly mixed with a water-retaining agent (6), the upper part of the planting backfill soil (5) is covered with a geotextile (7), the surface of the geotextile (7) is fixedly covered with a polymer consolidation water-retaining layer (8), and a rainwater collection and irrigation mechanism is also provided inside the soil layer (1); The breathable and anti-seepage layer (4) prevents irrigation water from seeping and losing; The polymer solidified water-retaining layer (8) reduces the evaporation of water inside the tree hole (2) and improves the water and moisture retention capacity; The rainwater collection and irrigation mechanism realizes the collection of rainwater and the drip irrigation of the tree hole (2).

2. The tree pit moisture conservation device suitable for plateau mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the breathable and anti-seepage layer (4) is made of non-woven fabric.

3. The tree pit moisture conservation device suitable for plateau mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the polymer solidified water-retaining layer (8) contains a water-retaining agent.

4. The tree pit moisture conservation device suitable for plateau mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-retaining agent (6) is an agricultural and forestry water-retaining agent of model KM3005.

5. The tree pit moisture conservation device suitable for plateau mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rainwater irrigation collection mechanism comprises a rainwater collection box (9), the rainwater collection box (9) being fixedly mounted on the upper portion of the soil layer (1), a filter screen (10) being fixedly mounted on the upper portion of the rainwater collection box (9), a water outlet (11) being provided at the lower portion of the rainwater collection box (9), a water outlet pipe (12) being fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the water outlet (11), one end of the water outlet pipe (12) being fixedly connected to a water storage tank (13), and the water storage tank (13) being arranged inside the soil layer (1).

6. The tree pit moisture conservation device suitable for plateau mountainous areas according to claim 5, characterized in that: A water delivery port (14) is provided on one side surface of the lower end of the water storage tank (13), and a water pump (15) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of one side of the lower end of the water storage tank (13). The water pumping end of the water pump (15) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water delivery port (14), and the water outlet end of the water pump (15) is fixedly connected to a water delivery pipe (16). The water delivery pipe (16) passes through and extends into the interior of the tree pit (2). An irrigation port (17) is provided at the lower end of the water delivery pipe (16) extending into the interior of the tree pit (2). The plurality of irrigation ports (17) are arranged in a linear array, and a drip irrigation head (18) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the irrigation port (17).

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