Charging circuit and electronic equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a charging circuit and electronic equipment. First voltage is output through the power generation module, the voltage converter is connected between the power generation module and the rechargeable battery, the micro-energy collection module is connected between the power generation module and the rechargeable battery, and the switching circuit selects one of the voltage converter and the micro-energy collection module to supply power to the rechargeable battery according to the first voltage. Therefore, the cruising ability of the electronic equipment can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to a charging circuit and electronic equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the development of power electronics technology, many electronic devices are equipped with power generation modules. These modules provide a portion of the energy for the electronic devices' power supply, playing a vital role in their operation, maintenance, and battery life. However, due to factors such as the external environment, power generation modules often cannot provide a stable output voltage. In some cases, when the output voltage of the power generation module is low, it cannot provide energy for the electronic device's power supply, resulting in insufficient battery life. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, an object of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a charging circuit and an electronic device, which can improve the battery life of the electronic device.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a charging circuit, the charging circuit comprising:

[0005] Rechargeable batteries;

[0006] a power generation module configured to output a first voltage;

[0007] a voltage converter connected between the power generation module and the rechargeable battery;

[0008] A micro energy collection module connected between the power generation module and the rechargeable battery;

[0009] The switch circuit is configured to select one of the voltage converter and the micro energy harvesting module to supply power to the rechargeable battery according to the first voltage.

[0010] In some embodiments, the switching circuit includes:

[0011] a first switch connected between the power generation module and the voltage converter, and configured to be turned on when a difference between the first voltage and the battery voltage is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold, so that the voltage converter converts the first voltage into a second voltage to supply power to the rechargeable battery;

[0012] A second switch is connected between the power generation module and the micro energy harvesting module, and is configured to be turned on when the difference between the first voltage and the battery voltage is less than a predetermined threshold, so that the micro energy harvesting module converts the first voltage into a third voltage to power the rechargeable battery.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first switch and the second switch are P-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors.

[0014] In some embodiments, the switching circuit further comprises:

[0015] a first diode, an anode connected to the drain of the first switch, and a cathode connected to the voltage converter;

[0016] a second diode, an anode of which is connected to the drain of the first switch;

[0017] The resistor has one end connected to the cathode of the second diode and the gate of the second switch, and the other end connected to the ground.

[0018] In some embodiments, the source of the first switch is connected to the power generation module, the gate of the first switch is connected to the rechargeable battery, the source of the second switch is connected to the power generation module, and the drain of the second switch is connected to the micro energy harvesting module.

[0019] In some embodiments, the switching circuit is configured such that when the difference between the first voltage and the battery voltage is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold, the first switch is turned on, the second diode is turned on, the second switch is turned off, and the first diode is turned on, so that the voltage converter converts the first voltage into a second voltage to power the rechargeable battery.

[0020] In some embodiments, the switching circuit is further configured to, when the difference between the first voltage and the battery voltage is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold, turn off the first switch, turn off the second diode, turn on the second switch, and turn off the first diode, so that the micro energy harvesting module converts the first voltage into a third voltage to power the rechargeable battery.

[0021] In some embodiments, the voltage converter is a buck converter.

[0022] In some embodiments, the power generation module is a crystalline silicon cell.

[0023] In some embodiments, the rechargeable battery is a lithium battery.

[0024] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising:

[0025] Electrical components;

[0026] A charging circuit as described in the first aspect.

[0027] The technical solution of this embodiment of the utility model utilizes a power generation module to output a first voltage, a voltage converter connected between the power generation module and a rechargeable battery, and a micro-energy harvesting module connected between the power generation module and the rechargeable battery. A switching circuit selects one of the voltage converter and the micro-energy harvesting module to power the rechargeable battery based on the first voltage. This can improve the battery life of electronic devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through the following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0029] Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 1 is a circuit diagram of a charging circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a circuit diagram of a charging circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention is described below based on embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. Certain specific details are described in detail in the detailed description of the present invention below. Those skilled in the art will be able to fully understand the present invention without these details. To avoid obscuring the essence of the present invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components, and circuits are not described in detail.

[0033] Furthermore, persons of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the figures provided herein are for illustration purposes only and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0034] At the same time, it should be understood that in the following description, "circuit" refers to a conductive loop composed of at least one element or subcircuit connected electrically or electromagnetically. When an element or circuit is said to be "connected to" another element or an element / circuit is said to be "connected" between two nodes, it can be directly coupled or connected to the other element or there can be intermediate elements. The connection between the elements can be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. Conversely, when an element is said to be "directly coupled to" or "directly connected to" another element, it means that there are no intermediate elements between the two.

[0035] Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, words like "include," "comprising," and the like throughout this application should be construed as including, rather than exclusive or exhaustive; that is, as meaning "including but not limited to."

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0037] With the development of power electronics technology, many electronic devices are equipped with power generation modules. These modules provide part of the energy for the electronic devices' power supply, playing a vital role in the operation, maintenance, and battery life of these electronic devices. Taking shared bicycles as an example, many shared bicycles currently have electronic controls for unlocking and locking, which requires voltage settings within the shared bicycles. If a non-rechargeable power supply is used, the power supply needs to be replaced periodically, making the management of shared bicycles difficult and costly. Therefore, if a shared bicycle is equipped with a rechargeable battery and a power generation module, and the rechargeable battery is charged by the power generation module, and then powered by the rechargeable battery for the vehicle's electrical control, the battery life can be greatly improved, reducing the difficulty and cost of management.

[0038] However, power generation modules are generally dependent on the external environment. Due to the uncertainty of the external environment, the power generation modules often cannot provide a stable output voltage. As a result, in some cases, when the output voltage of the power generation module is low, it cannot provide energy for the power supply of the electronic device, resulting in insufficient battery life of the electronic device. Therefore, the embodiments of the present invention provide a charging circuit and electronic device to improve the battery life of the electronic device.

[0039] Figure 1 1 is a circuit diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the electronic device according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a charging circuit 1 and an electrical component 2 .

[0040] In this embodiment, the charging circuit 1 is configured to provide a supply voltage to the electrical component 2 so that the electrical component 2 can operate normally.

[0041] In some embodiments, the electronic device may be a shared item. More specifically, the electronic device may be a shared vehicle, such as a shared bicycle or a shared electric vehicle.

[0042] The present invention is described in an embodiment using a shared bicycle as an example electronic device. The electrical component 2 is a lock for the shared bicycle, and the lock includes a communication module, a memory, a processor, a locking component, and the like. The communication module communicates with a user terminal or server, and the memory is suitable for storing instructions or programs executable by the processor. The processor can be an independent microprocessor or a collection of one or more microprocessors. Thus, the processor executes instructions stored in the memory to control the shared bicycle, such as controlling the locking component to unlock or close.

[0043] Figure 2 FIG1 is a circuit diagram of a charging circuit of an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 2 As shown, the charging circuit 1 of the embodiment of the present invention includes a power generation module 11 , a switch circuit 12 , a micro energy collection module 13 , a voltage converter 14 and a rechargeable battery 15 .

[0044] In this embodiment, the power generation module 11 is configured to output a first voltage. The power generation module is an energy conversion module for converting other forms of energy into electrical energy.

[0045] In some embodiments, the power generation module 11 is a crystalline silicon cell. A crystalline silicon cell, also known as a crystalline silicon battery, is a solar cell based on semiconductor materials and is mainly composed of a cell, tempered glass, EVA (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) glue, a backplane, an aluminum frame, and other parts. The working principle of a crystalline silicon cell is based on the PN (P-type semiconductor-N-type semiconductor) junction potential difference and the photovoltaic effect of the semiconductor material. When sunlight shines on the surface of the cell, photons with energy greater than the band gap are absorbed, generating electron-hole pairs on both sides of the PN junction. These electron-hole pairs are separated from each other under the action of the built-in electric field, thereby generating photocurrent and realizing the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy.

[0046] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention are described using a crystalline silicon solar cell as an example of a power generation module. However, the embodiments of the present invention do not limit the specific implementation of the power generation module. The power generation module can also be implemented using other types of solar cells, such as thin-film solar cells, organic solar cells, perovskite solar cells, dye-sensitized solar cells, or other new types of solar cells. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention do not limit the energy conversion form of the power generation module. For example, the power generation module can also convert other forms of energy into electrical energy, such as kinetic energy, wind energy, etc.

[0047] In this embodiment, the voltage converter 14 is connected between the power generation module 11 and the rechargeable battery 15 .

[0048] In this embodiment, the micro energy harvesting module 13 is connected between the power generation module 11 and the rechargeable battery 15. The micro energy harvesting module 13 is used to collect tiny energy from the environment, such as light energy, heat energy, vibration energy, etc., and then convert it into usable electrical energy.

[0049] In this embodiment, the input end of the switch circuit 12 is connected to the output end of the power generation module 11 , and the output end of the switch circuit 12 is connected to the input ends of the micro energy collection module 13 and the voltage converter 14 .

[0050] The switch circuit 12 is configured to select one of the voltage converter 14 and the micro energy harvesting module 13 to supply power to the rechargeable battery 15 according to the first voltage.

[0051] In this embodiment of the utility model, a power generation module outputs a first voltage, a voltage converter is connected between the power generation module and a rechargeable battery, and a micro-energy harvesting module is connected between the power generation module and the rechargeable battery. A switching circuit selects one of the voltage converter and the micro-energy harvesting module to power the rechargeable battery based on the first voltage. This can improve the battery life of the electronic device.

[0052] Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a charging circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the charging circuit 1 of the embodiment of the present invention includes a power generation module 11 , a switch circuit 12 , a micro energy collection module 13 , a voltage converter 14 and a rechargeable battery 15 .

[0053] In this embodiment, the power generation module 11 is configured to output a first voltage V IN The power generation module 11 is an energy conversion module for converting other forms of energy into electrical energy.

[0054] In this embodiment, the voltage converter 14 is connected between the power generation module 11 and the rechargeable battery 15 .

[0055] In this embodiment, the micro energy collection module 13 is connected between the power generation module 11 and the rechargeable battery 15 .

[0056] In this embodiment, the input end of the switch circuit 12 is connected to the output end of the power generation module 11 , and the output end of the switch circuit 12 is connected to the input ends of the micro energy collection module 13 and the voltage converter 14 .

[0057] The switch circuit 12 is configured to IN One of the voltage converter 14 and the micro energy harvesting module 13 is selected to supply power to the rechargeable battery 15 .

[0058] Specifically, the switch circuit 12 includes a first switch Q1 , a second switch Q2 , a first diode D1 , a second diode D2 , and a resistor R.

[0059] The first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 are P-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (PMOS).

[0060] The source s of the first switch Q1 is connected to the output terminal of the power generation module 11 to receive the first voltage V INThe gate g of the first switch Q1 is connected to the output terminal of the rechargeable battery 15 and is used to receive the battery voltage V OUT .

[0061] An anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the drain d of the first switch Q1 , and a cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the input terminal of the voltage converter.

[0062] The anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the drain d of the first switch Q1 , and the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the resistor R.

[0063] One end of the resistor R is connected to the cathode of the second diode D2 and the gate g of the second switch Q2 , and the other end of the resistor R is connected to the ground GND.

[0064] The source s of the second switch Q2 is connected to the output terminal of the power generation module 11 to receive the first voltage V IN The drain electrode d of the second switch Q2 is connected to the micro energy harvesting module 13. The gate electrode g of the second switch Q2 is connected to the resistor R and the cathode of the second diode D2.

[0065] In this embodiment, the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 are configured to be turned on when the difference Vsg between the source voltage Vs and the gate voltage Vg is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold, and to be turned off when the difference Vsg between the source voltage Vs and the gate voltage Vg is less than the predetermined threshold. The predetermined threshold is the turn-on voltage (also called the threshold voltage) of the first and second switches, which is typically 0.7V.

[0066] Thus, the first voltage V IN With the battery voltage V OUT When the difference between the first switch Q1 and the second diode D2 is greater than or equal to the predetermined threshold, the first switch Q1 is turned on, so that the second diode D2 is turned on. At this time, a loop is formed consisting of the power generation module 11, the first switch Q1, the second diode D2, the resistor R, and the ground terminal GND. Since the resistance is very small when the first switch Q1 and the second diode D2 are turned on, the voltage Vp across the resistor is close to V IN At the same time, the source voltage of the second switch Q2 is V IN , the gate voltage is Vp, since the voltage Vp is close to V IN Therefore, the difference between the source voltage and the gate voltage of the second switch Q2 is close to 0, which is less than the predetermined threshold value Vth, and the second switch Q2 is turned off. At the same time, since the first switch Q1 is turned on, the first diode D1 is also turned on, thereby making the first voltage V IN The voltage converter 14 is provided with the first voltage V through the first switch Q1 and the first diode D1. IN Converted to the second voltage V C1Then the rechargeable battery 15 is powered.

[0067] At the first voltage V IN With the battery voltage V OUT When the difference between the first switch Q1 and the second diode D2 is less than the predetermined threshold, the first switch Q1 is turned off, so that the second diode D2 is turned off. At this time, the gate voltage of the second switch Q2 is 0. At the same time, the source voltage of the second switch Q2 is V IN , the gate voltage is 0, so the difference between the source voltage and the gate voltage of the second switch Q2 is close to V IN , is greater than or equal to the predetermined threshold Vth, the second switch Q2 is turned on. At the same time, since the first switch Q1 is turned off, the first voltage V IN The first voltage V is provided to the micro energy collection module 13 through the second switch Q2. IN Converted to the third voltage V C2 Then the rechargeable battery 15 is powered.

[0068] In some embodiments, the power generation module 11 is configured to implement MPPT (Maximum power point tracking) using a constant voltage tracking method. The constant voltage tracking method compares the voltage generated by the power generation module 11 with a preset reference voltage of the maximum power point voltage (VMPP), thereby ensuring that the power generation module 11 can operate stably and efficiently near the maximum power point (MPP). That is, the output power of the power generation module 11 is fixed. In this case, if the first voltage V output by the power generation module 11 is IN The larger the voltage, the smaller the corresponding current. If the first voltage V output by the power generation module 11 is IN The smaller it is, the larger the corresponding current is.

[0069] Therefore, through the charging circuit of the embodiment of the utility model, under strong light, the first voltage V output by the power generation module 11 is IN Larger, with the battery voltage V OUT The difference is greater than or equal to the predetermined threshold, the first switch Q1 is turned on, the second switch Q2 is turned off, and the rechargeable battery 15 is charged through the voltage converter 14. The voltage converter 14 has high efficiency and low loss when the current is small. In weak light, the first voltage V output by the power generation module 11 IN Smaller, with battery voltage V OUT When the difference is less than a predetermined threshold, the first switch Q1 is turned off and the second switch Q2 is turned on, and the rechargeable battery 15 is charged through the micro energy harvesting module 13. The micro energy harvesting module 13 has high efficiency and low loss when the current is large. At the same time, the micro energy harvesting module 13 is used to collect tiny energy from the environment, such as light energy, heat energy, vibration energy, etc., and then convert it into usable electrical energy. Combined with the input first voltage VIN , the output third voltage V C2 Larger, helping the rechargeable battery 15 to continue charging in low light conditions.

[0070] In some embodiments, the rechargeable battery 15 is a lithium battery.

[0071] In some embodiments, the voltage converter 14 is a buck converter. Buck converter (Buck Converter), also known as a buck regulator or buck module, is used to convert a high voltage into a low voltage to meet the voltage requirements of the load. Assume that the first voltage V IN The battery voltage of the lithium battery is 5.1V. OUT The step-down converter converts the first voltage V IN After the step-down conversion, the third voltage V C2 , wherein the third voltage V C2 The value is greater than the battery voltage V OUT It can be around 0.2V higher.

[0072] In some embodiments, the power generation module 11 is a crystalline silicon cell.

[0073] As described above, power generation module 11 implements MPPT using a constant voltage tracking method. Specifically, a reference voltage is set, the output voltage of power generation module 11 is monitored in real time, and the operating state of power generation module 11 is adjusted through a control strategy (such as PWM regulation) to maintain its output voltage near the set reference voltage. To ensure more power is available in low-light conditions, this embodiment of the utility model sets the reference voltage value to a value lower than the maximum power point voltage.

[0074] In some embodiments, the power generation module 11 of the present invention is further configured to adjust the reference voltage based on received control instructions. Specifically, when the light intensity is low (e.g., rainy weather), a control instruction is sent to the power generation module 11 to control the reference voltage of the power generation module 11 to a first reference voltage. When the light intensity is high, a control instruction is sent to the power generation module 11 to control the reference voltage of the power generation module 11 to a second reference voltage. The second reference voltage is higher than the first reference voltage.

[0075] In this embodiment of the utility model, a power generation module outputs a first voltage, a voltage converter is connected between the power generation module and a rechargeable battery, and a micro-energy harvesting module is connected between the power generation module and the rechargeable battery. A switching circuit selects one of the voltage converter and the micro-energy harvesting module to power the rechargeable battery based on the first voltage. This can improve the battery life of the electronic device.

[0076] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and variations are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A charging circuit, characterized in that: The charging circuit includes: Rechargeable batteries; a power generation module configured to output a first voltage; a voltage converter connected between the power generation module and the rechargeable battery; A micro energy collection module connected between the power generation module and the rechargeable battery; The switch circuit is configured to select one of the voltage converter and the micro energy harvesting module to supply power to the rechargeable battery according to the first voltage.

2. The circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The switching circuit comprises: a first switch connected between the power generation module and the voltage converter, and configured to be turned on when a difference between the first voltage and the battery voltage is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold, so that the voltage converter converts the first voltage into a second voltage to supply power to the rechargeable battery; A second switch is connected between the power generation module and the micro energy harvesting module, and is configured to be turned on when the difference between the first voltage and the battery voltage is less than a predetermined threshold, so that the micro energy harvesting module converts the first voltage into a third voltage to power the rechargeable battery.

3. The circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that The first switch and the second switch are P-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors.

4. The circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that The switching circuit further includes: a first diode, an anode connected to the drain of the first switch, and a cathode connected to the voltage converter; a second diode, an anode of which is connected to the drain of the first switch; The resistor has one end connected to the cathode of the second diode and the gate of the second switch, and the other end connected to the ground.

5. The circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that The source of the first switch is connected to the power generation module, the gate of the first switch is connected to the rechargeable battery, the source of the second switch is connected to the power generation module, and the drain of the second switch is connected to the micro energy collection module.

6. The circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that The switching circuit is configured such that when the difference between the first voltage and the battery voltage is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold, the first switch is turned on, the second diode is turned on, the second switch is turned off, and the first diode is turned on, so that the voltage converter converts the first voltage into a second voltage to power the rechargeable battery.

7. The circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that The switching circuit is further configured to, when the difference between the first voltage and the battery voltage is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold, turn off the first switch, turn off the second diode, turn on the second switch, and turn off the first diode, so that the micro energy harvesting module converts the first voltage into a third voltage to power the rechargeable battery.

8. The circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The voltage converter is a step-down converter.

9. The circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The power generation module is a crystalline silicon cell.

10. The circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The rechargeable battery is a lithium battery.

11. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises: Electrical components; The charging circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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