Windshield assembly and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to a windshield assembly and a vehicle. The windshield assembly comprises inner-layer glass, a first heating piece, outer-layer glass and a black edge layer, wherein the inner-layer glass, the first heating piece and the outer-layer glass are sequentially stacked; the black edge layer is arranged on the outer-layer glass, the black edge layer comprises a first black edge, and the first black edge defines a first clearance area used for avoiding the view field of the camera and a second clearance area used for avoiding the view field of the sensor; the first heating piece comprises a light-transmitting conductive heating film and a bus, the bus is electrically connected to the light-transmitting conductive heating film, the light-transmitting conductive heating film at least corresponds to the first clearance area, the light-transmitting conductive heating film is provided with a non-heating area, the non-heating area covers the sensor, and a gap is formed between the boundary of the non-heating area and the sensor. According to the windshield assembly, defrosting and demisting can be conducted on the first clearance area, and the arranged non-heating area can avoid the sensor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of glass defrosting, and in particular to a windshield assembly and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of intelligent vehicles, today's vehicles are integrating an increasing number of cameras and various sensors. These cameras are located on the windshield, side windows, and rear window. The images captured by these cameras can provide driver assistance, serve as dashcams to record driving events, or enable autonomous driving. Sensors are also placed in different locations within the vehicle, depending on their functional requirements.

[0003] When frost and fog form on the glass surface due to temperature differences between the inside and outside, the camera's performance will be significantly affected. With the development of autonomous driving technology, the requirements for defrosting and defogging the camera area of ​​the glass are becoming increasingly higher.

[0004] A common defrosting and defogging method is to print a metal wire such as silver or copper on the glass surface or wrap it inside the laminated glass. The metal wire is heated as a resistor component to achieve the purpose of defrosting and defogging. However, the wire diameter of the metal wire will affect the camera imaging, causing problems such as starbursts and wire ghosting. In addition to the camera, the metal wire will also affect the operation of the sensor. Utility Model Content

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a windshield assembly and a vehicle to address at least one of the above problems.

[0006] On the one hand, the present application provides a windshield assembly, which includes: an inner layer of glass, a first heating element, an outer layer of glass and a black edge layer, wherein the inner layer of glass, the first heating element and the outer layer of glass are stacked in sequence; the black edge layer is arranged on the outer layer of glass, the black edge layer includes a first black edge, the first black edge defines a first air avoidance area for avoiding the field of view of the camera and a second air avoidance area for avoiding the field of view of the sensor; the first heating element includes a light-transmitting conductive heating film and a busbar, the busbar is electrically connected to the light-transmitting conductive heating film, the light-transmitting conductive heating film corresponds to at least the first air avoidance area, and the light-transmitting conductive heating film is provided with a non-heating area, the non-heating area covers the sensor and the boundary of the non-heating area is spaced apart from the sensor.

[0007] By providing a light-transmitting conductive heating film, the first air-avoidance zone can be defrosted and defogged, ensuring reliable camera operation. The light-transmitting conductive heating film can maintain its conductive heating capacity even when a hole is opened, and the resulting non-heating zone can avoid the sensor. The windshield assembly of this application can integrate a large number of functional components, and each functional component can function effectively.

[0008] In some embodiments, the busbar is covered by a first black border.

[0009] With this arrangement, the busbars are invisible from the outside of the windshield assembly, covered by the first black border. From the inside, the busbars are hidden within the black border, obscuring visibility. In hot weather, the black border absorbs and transfers heat, helping to protect the busbars, sensors, and ultimately the overall stability of the windshield assembly.

[0010] In some embodiments, the busbar extends to the periphery of the outer glass; the windshield assembly further includes a wiring harness connector, which is located at the periphery of the outer glass and electrically connected to the busbar.

[0011] With such an arrangement, the light-transmitting conductive heating film can be smoothly energized through the busbar and the wiring harness connector; and the light-transmitting conductive heating film surrounded by the busbar can cover as much area of ​​the first black edge as possible.

[0012] In some embodiments, the sensor is a rain sensor, and the distance between the boundary of the non-heating zone and the sensor is greater than or equal to 40 mm.

[0013] With this arrangement, in freezing rain, for example, the windshield assembly can ensure the normal operation of the camera while preventing heat from affecting the operation of the rain sensor.

[0014] Exemplarily, the first air-avoidance zone is opened at the lower part of the first black edge. Exemplarily, the non-heating zone is a circle, or a closed figure with the busbar as a partial boundary.

[0015] With this setting, the camera has a wide field of view and can observe low places; the non-heating area can provide sufficient working space for the sensor.

[0016] In some embodiments, the light-transmitting conductive heating film includes a first dielectric layer, a light-transmitting conductive heating layer, and a second dielectric layer stacked in sequence; the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer are respectively attached to the light-transmitting conductive heating layer to protect the light-transmitting conductive heating layer.

[0017] Such an arrangement can ensure the function of the light-transmitting conductive heating layer and the light-transmitting performance of the light-transmitting conductive heating film.

[0018] In some embodiments, the surface layers of the light-transmitting conductive heating film are respectively a first adhesive layer and a second adhesive layer; at least one of the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer is a heat insulation layer.

[0019] Such a setting helps to achieve the connection between the inner layer of glass and the outer layer of glass, simplifying the manufacturing process of the windshield assembly; it is beneficial to improve the thermal insulation performance; combining the setting of the thermal insulation layer with the manufacturing process of the light-transmitting conductive heating film can eliminate the need for a separate thermal insulation layer between the inner layer of glass and the outer layer of glass, simplifying the production process of the windshield assembly and reducing production costs.

[0020] In some embodiments, the light transmittance of the windshield assembly at the first air-shielding area is greater than 85%. For example, the inner and outer layers of glass each have a light transmittance greater than 95%, and the light-transmitting conductive heating layer of the light-transmitting conductive heating film is a silver-plated layer.

[0021] This setting has an extremely high visible light transmittance, will not affect the camera's shooting function, and avoids problems such as poor image quality.

[0022] Optionally, the inner glass and the outer glass are both white glass.

[0023] Such an arrangement is conducive to ensuring the light transmission performance of the windshield assembly.

[0024] In some embodiments, the thickness of the windshield assembly ranges from 4.5 mm to 5.4 mm; the thickness of the inner layer of glass ranges from 1.6 mm to 2.3 mm and the thickness of the outer layer of glass ranges from 1.6 mm to 2.3 mm, respectively.

[0025] With this arrangement, the windshield assembly has sufficient strength to withstand the heat differences in different areas.

[0026] In some embodiments, the first black edge is located in the middle of the upper edge of the outer layer of glass; the black edge layer also includes a second black edge located at the lower edge of the outer layer of glass; the windshield assembly also includes a second heating element located between the second black edge and the inner layer of glass.

[0027] With this arrangement, the camera has a sufficient field of view and the windshield assembly can be used as a front windshield; the wipers can be defrosted.

[0028] On the other hand, the present application provides a vehicle, which includes: the aforementioned windshield assembly; a camera, which is arranged on the inner side of the windshield assembly and can photograph the outer side of the windshield assembly through a first air avoidance area; and a sensor, which is arranged on the inner side of the windshield assembly and can detect the outer side of the windshield assembly through a non-heating area.

[0029] The vehicle of the present application can use a camera to take pictures and can work reliably even in environmental conditions prone to frost and fog. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 is a schematic front view of a windshield assembly according to one or more embodiments;

[0031] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a windshield assembly according to one or more embodiments;

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 2a schematic cross-sectional view taken along AA;

[0033] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first heating element and a wiring harness connector according to one or more embodiments;

[0034] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a windshield assembly according to one or more embodiments;

[0035] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view along the middle line BB;

[0036] Figure 7 is a schematic system block diagram of a vehicle according to one or more embodiments.

[0037] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. Inner glass; 2. First heating element; 201. Non-heating area; 21. Transparent conductive heating film; 211. First adhesive layer; 212. Base layer; 213. First dielectric layer; 214. Transparent conductive heating layer; 215. Second dielectric layer; 216. Second adhesive layer; 22. Busbar; 3. Outer glass; 4. Black edge layer; 401. First air avoidance area; 402. Second air avoidance area; 41. First black edge; 42. Second black edge; 5. Wiring harness connector; 6. Second heating element; 7. Bracket; 100. Windshield assembly; 200. Camera; 300. Sensor; 400. Power supply; 500. Wiper; 1000. Vehicle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description sets forth many specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotations of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0039] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "perpendicular", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0040] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0041] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. For example, the first black border may also be referred to as the second black border, and the second black border may also be referred to as the first black border. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0042] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connect", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a flexible connection, or a rigid connection along at least one direction; it can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or directly connected with an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. The terms "install", "set", "fix", etc. can be broadly understood as connection. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0043] The terms "layer" and "region" used in this application refer to a material portion that includes a certain area and has a certain thickness. The layer can extend horizontally, vertically and / or along a tapered surface. A layer can be an area of ​​a uniform or non-uniform continuous structure, and its thickness perpendicular to the extension direction may not be greater than the thickness of the continuous structure. A layer can include multiple layers, which can be multiple stacked layers or multiple layers extending discretely. The shapes of the various areas and layers in the accompanying drawings and their relative sizes and positional relationships are only exemplary and may deviate from the actual ones due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and the design can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0044] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 The windshield assembly of the present application is shown. Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in an exemplary embodiment, a windshield assembly 100 includes an inner glass 1, a first heating element 2, and an outer glass 3. The outer perimeters of the inner glass 1 and the outer glass 3 substantially overlap. The inner glass 1 and the outer glass 3 may be either flat or curved glass, and have substantially the same shape. The first heating element 2 is sandwiched between the inner glass 1 and the outer glass 3. The area of ​​the first heating element 2 may be smaller than that of the inner glass 1 and also smaller than that of the outer glass 3. At least in the area where the first heating element 2 is located, the inner glass 1, the first heating element 2, and the outer glass 3 are stacked in sequence.

[0045] The windshield assembly 100 also includes a black border layer 4. Exemplarily, the black border layer 4 is a ceramic layer sintered to the outer glass 3. The black border layer 4 is laminated to the outer glass 3 and may be located outside the outer glass 3 along the lamination direction. The black border layer 4 is positioned substantially along and near the outer edge of the outer glass 3 to absorb and transfer heat, ensuring reliable operation of the windshield assembly 100 in various temperatures. The black border layer 4 may be divided into multiple black border sections, such as a first black border 41 and a second black border 42.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the Z-axis direction can be considered as the up-down direction, the Y-axis direction can be considered as the left-right direction, and the windshield assembly 100 can be a front windshield. Then the first black edge 41 is close to the upper edge of the outer glass 3, and the second black edge is close to the lower edge of the outer glass 3. In some embodiments, the first black edge 41 is located in the middle of the upper edge of the outer glass 3, and the black edges set at other positions on the upper edge of the outer glass 3 can be called the third black edge, and the first black edge 41 is wider than the third black edge. The first black edge 41 defines a first air avoidance area 401 and a second air avoidance area 402. As shown Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the black border layer 4 defines a first avoidance zone 401 to avoid blocking light. External light can enter the camera 200 through the first avoidance zone 401. The distance between the camera 200 and the first avoidance zone 401 along the X-axis and the size of the first avoidance zone 401 can be set according to parameters such as the field of view and optical axis direction of the camera 200. The first avoidance zone 401 can avoid the field of view of the camera 200, while the second avoidance zone 402 is used to avoid the field of view of the sensor 300.

[0047] The first heating element 2 includes a light-transmitting conductive heating film 21 and a busbar 22, and the busbar 22 is electrically connected to the light-transmitting conductive heating film 21. Exemplarily, two bundles of busbars 22 are respectively connected to both sides of the light-transmitting conductive heating film 21 along the Y-axis direction, for energizing the light-transmitting conductive heating film 21. Along the Z-axis direction, the busbar 22 can be led out to the upper side of the outer glass 3, and the lower edge of the light-transmitting conductive heating film 21 may not be surrounded by the busbar 22. The light-transmitting conductive heating film 21 corresponds to the first airproof area 401, and the light-transmitting conductive heating film 21 can cover the first airproof area 401 and be larger than the first airproof area 401. The light-transmitting conductive heating film 21 generates heat when energized, which can defrost and defog the first airproof area 401.

[0048] The light-transmitting conductive heating film 21 has a non-heating area 201, Figure 2 and Figure 3 The shape and size of the second avoidance zone 402 can be the same as the shape and size of the non-heating zone 201, such as Figure 2 As shown, the boundary of the second air-avoidance zone 402 coincides with the boundary of the non-heating zone 201, thereby creating a gap D between the non-heating zone 201 and the sensor 300. This gap D can be referred to as the minimum spacing. The light-transmitting conductive heating film 21 can maintain its conductive heating capability even with a hole. The light-transmitting conductive heating film 21 can heat the first air-avoidance zone 401 while avoiding heating the non-heating zone 201. The gap between the non-heating zone 201 and the sensor 300 is sufficient to provide a temperature buffer.

[0049] For example, the sensor 300 is a rain sensor, and the interval D satisfies D≥40mm, such as 42mm, 45mm, or 50mm. When the non-heating area 201 is configured to be larger, the second air-avoidance area 402 can also be designed to be smaller than the non-heating area 201 based on the use requirements of the sensor 300.

[0050] The windshield assembly 100 of the present application can be used to integrate a large number of functional components, and each functional component can effectively function.

[0051] Combine Figure 7 As shown, the windshield assembly 100 can be used in a vehicle 1000 . The vehicle 1000 provided in this application may include the windshield assembly 100 , a camera 200 , and a sensor 300 .

[0052] Vehicle 1000 may include an interior space, and when the ambient temperature changes, the windshield assembly 100 may experience condensation, frost, or even ice. Both camera 200 and sensor 300 may be located inside vehicle 1000, also on the inside of windshield assembly 100. Camera 200 can capture the exterior of windshield assembly 100 through first clearing zone 401; sensor 300 can detect the exterior of windshield assembly 100 through non-heating zone 201.

[0053] The vehicle 1000 of the present application can use the camera 200 to take pictures, and can work reliably even in environmental conditions prone to frost and fog. The non-heating area 201 can avoid the sensor 300 to prevent the sensor 300 from being affected by high temperature.

[0054] Vehicle 1000 may be an automobile, such as a tram. Vehicle 1000 may include a power supply 400 capable of supplying power to the light-transmitting conductive heating film 21, the camera 200, and the sensor 300 of the windshield assembly 100. Vehicle 1000 may also include multiple different power supplies 400 to independently supply power.

[0055] In some embodiments, the windshield assembly 100 further includes a wiring harness connector 5 . The wiring harness connector 5 is electrically connected to the busbar 22 , and then the light-transmitting conductive heating film 21 can be smoothly powered through the busbar 22 and the wiring harness connector 5 .

[0056] The wiring harness connector 5 can be a printed circuit board. The wiring harness connector 5 can be positioned outside the outer glass 3, rather than being held between the inner and outer glass layers 1 and 3. The busbars 22 can extend to the outer periphery of the outer glass 3 and be electrically connected to the wiring harness connector 5. The transparent conductive heating film 21 surrounded by the busbars 22 can cover as much of the first black border 41 as possible. The transparent conductive heating film 21 can also cover and heat the glass above the first airproof area 401, preventing frost and other phenomena from affecting the first airproof area 401.

[0057] In some embodiments, the busbars 22 are covered by the first black border 41. When viewed from the outside of the windshield assembly 100, the busbars 22 are covered by the first black border 41 and are therefore invisible. When a passenger is inside the vehicle 1000, when viewed from the inside to the outside of the windshield assembly 100, the busbars 22 are hidden within the first black border 41 and do not interfere with vision, thus providing a wider field of view through the windshield assembly 100.

[0058] In hot weather, the black border layer 4 can absorb and transfer heat, helping to protect the sensor 300 and busbar 22, etc., preventing electronic components from overheating, and also helping to reduce the impact of uneven heating on the windshield assembly 100. In other embodiments, the first black border 41 can also be open to avoid the working space of the sensor 300.

[0059] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the first avoidance area 401 is provided at the lower portion of the first black edge 41 and may be a groove of the first black edge 41. The camera 200 has a wide field of view and can observe, for example, the road surface.

[0060] refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6The first clearing zone 401 may be a closed shape, with a portion of the first black border 41 located below the first clearing zone 401. For example, the outline of the first clearing zone 401 may be a trapezoid or fan-shaped shape that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. The camera 200 has a wide field of view and can also observe, for example, the road surface.

[0061] Exemplarily, the vehicle 1000 further includes a bracket 7, which can also serve as a component of the windshield assembly 100. The bracket 7 can be fixed to the inner side of the inner glass 1 by means of adhesive. The camera 200 and the sensor 300 can both be mounted on the bracket 7, and the lower edge of the bracket 7 can be positioned lower than the first air-avoidance zone 401 to ensure that the field of view of the camera 200 is sufficiently large. The first black border 41 covers the bracket 7. Specifically, the lower edge of the first black border 41 is lower than the lower edge of the bracket 7. The first black border 41 can absorb and block light, preventing excessive light propagating from bottom to top from leaking between the lower edge of the bracket 7 and the inner glass 1, thereby preventing the camera 200 from receiving excessive stray light, thereby enabling the camera 200 to have better imaging performance.

[0062] The shape of the non-heating zone 201 can be configured based on the usage requirements of the sensor 300. For example, the non-heating zone 201 can be circular and can be concentric or eccentric with the sensor 300. When the non-heating zone 201 is located at the edge of the light-transmitting conductive heating film 21, it can be a closed shape intercepted by the busbar 22. The section of the busbar 22 in the non-heating zone 201 can be a straight line or other shapes. The non-heating zone 201 can provide ample working space for the sensor 300.

[0063] The light transmittance at the first air-shield area of ​​the windshield assembly 100 is greater than 85%. The windshield assembly 100 has an extremely high visible light transmittance, which will not affect the shooting function of the camera 200 and avoid problems such as poor image quality. For example, the inner glass 1 and the outer glass 3 are each made of glass with a light transmittance greater than 95%, such as white glass or ultra-white glass. Optionally, the inner glass 1 and the outer glass 3 are each made of white glass, which helps ensure the light transmission performance of the windshield assembly 100. The light-transmitting conductive heating layer 214 of the light-transmitting conductive heating film 21 is a silver-plated layer, such as a plated nano-silver layer.

[0064] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 6In some embodiments, the light-transmitting conductive heating film 21 includes a first dielectric layer 213, a light-transmitting conductive heating layer 214, and a second dielectric layer 215, which are stacked in sequence. The light-transmitting conductive heating film 211 can be manufactured based on a base layer 212. The base layer 212 can be a transparent base layer, the first dielectric layer 213 and the second dielectric layer 215 can be compound layers, and the light-transmitting conductive heating layer 214 can be a metal layer. The first dielectric layer 213 and the second dielectric layer 215 are bonded to the light-transmitting conductive heating layer 214 to protect the light-transmitting conductive heating layer 214 from metal oxidation. Optionally, the material of the first dielectric layer 213 and the material of the second dielectric layer 215 can each include an oxide or a nitride.

[0065] The method for forming the light-transmitting conductive heating film 21 includes, for example, the following steps: forming a first dielectric layer 213 on the base layer 212, then forming a light-transmitting conductive heating layer 214 on the first dielectric layer 213, and then forming a second dielectric layer 215 on the light-transmitting conductive heating layer 214. The light-transmitting conductive heating layer 214 can be formed by a chemical vapor deposition process or a physical vapor deposition process, for example, a plated nanosilver layer is formed by a magnetron sputtering process. By configuring the thickness of the nanosilver layer, its resistance can be controlled. The light-transmitting conductive heating layer 214 improves and controls the heating effect and has a high transmittance. The light-transmitting conductive heating film 21 has the beneficial effects of high heating efficiency and uniform heating; in addition, the partial absence of the light-transmitting conductive heating layer 214 will not affect the overall electrical conduction.

[0066] For example, the non-heating area 201 can be formed in the light-transmitting conductive heating layer 214 by mask blocking or erasing after formation. Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the composite multilayer structure can be cut off after forming the second dielectric layer 215. The non-heating area 201 can be filled with a transparent colloid or the like.

[0067] Previous silver paste-printed or wire-inserted heating solutions typically only achieve 80% defrost in 20 minutes. The transparent conductive heating film 21 of this application improves heating performance to over 80% defrost in 5 minutes. The transparent conductive heating film 21 boasts extremely high defrost efficiency, significantly increased heating power, and enhanced customer experience. This heating solution also supports power supply voltages from 12V to 48V.

[0068] The light-transmitting conductive heating film 21 may further include a first adhesive layer 211 and a second adhesive layer 216. The first adhesive layer 211 is laminated on the inner side of the base layer 212, while the second adhesive layer 216 may be laminated on the outer side of the second dielectric layer 215. In addition to ensuring the functionality of the light-transmitting conductive heating layer 214 and the light transmission performance of the light-transmitting conductive heating film 21, it also facilitates the connection between the inner glass 1 and the outer glass 3, simplifying the manufacturing process of the windshield assembly 100. When manufacturing the windshield assembly 100, the light-transmitting conductive heating film 21 may be manufactured first, then placed on the inner glass 1 or the outer glass 3, and then assembled.

[0069] For example, the light-transmitting conductive heating film 21 manufactured separately may not include the first adhesive layer 211 and / or the second adhesive layer 216 , and the second adhesive layer 216 may be separately provided or bonded to the outer glass 3 .

[0070] The thicknesses of the first adhesive layer 211 and the second adhesive layer 216 can be the same or different, for example, the second adhesive layer 216 is thicker than the first adhesive layer 211. The materials of the two adhesive layers can be the same or different. Optionally, the material of the adhesive layers is selected from polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl butyral, ethylene vinyl acetate, polyacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyurethane, ionomer film, or polyethylene terephthalate.

[0071] At least one of the first adhesive layer 211 and the second adhesive layer 216 is a thermal insulation layer. Exemplarily, the material of the second adhesive layer 216 is polyvinyl butyral (PVB). On the one hand, the thermal insulation properties of the windshield assembly 100 help maintain a temperature difference between the inside and outside of the vehicle 1000, for example, ensuring internal warmth. On the other hand, the operation of the light-transmitting conductive heating film 21 ensures that the corresponding location is kept at a higher temperature, enabling defrosting and defogging even in temperatures as low as -18°C.

[0072] The provision of a heat-insulating layer is beneficial for improving heat-insulating performance. If the provision of a heat-insulating layer is integrated into the manufacturing process of the light-transmitting conductive heating film 21, the need for a separate heat-insulating layer between the inner and outer glass layers 1, 3 can be eliminated, thereby simplifying the production process of the windshield assembly 100 and reducing production costs.

[0073] The thickness of the inner glass 1 and the outer glass 3 range from 1.6 mm to 2.3 mm, respectively. The thicknesses of the inner glass 1 and the outer glass 3 can be the same or different. For example, the thickness of the outer glass 3 can be 1.7 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.9 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.1 mm, or 2.2 mm. Furthermore, the thickness of the windshield assembly 100 can range from 4.5 mm to 5.4 mm. For example, if the inner glass 1 is 2.3 mm thick, the outer glass 3 is 2.3 mm thick, and the light-transmitting conductive heating film 21 is 0.8 mm thick, the windshield assembly 100 has high structural strength, excellent thermal insulation, and high light transmittance.

[0074] The black border layer 4 also includes a second black border 42 located at the lower edge of the outer glass 3. The windshield assembly 100 can serve as a front windshield. The vehicle 1000 can include a wiper 500 for wiping the windshield assembly 100. When the wiper 500 is retracted, it can be retracted to a preset position of the second black border 42.

[0075] Combine Figure 1 and Figure 4 For example, the windshield assembly 100 further includes a second heating element 6 located between the second black border 42 and the inner glass 1. The second heating element 6 is used to defrost the wiper 500.

[0076] Exemplarily, the black edge layer 4 may be a continuous black edge from the outer circle to the inner circle, and the inner circle may further include an array of black dots.

[0077] The technical features of the embodiments disclosed above can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0078] The embodiments disclosed above merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent protection of the present application. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art could make several variations and improvements without departing from the concept of the present application, all of which fall within the scope of the patent protection claimed by the present application. Therefore, the scope of the patent protection of the present application shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. Windshield assembly, characterized in that, It comprises an inner layer of glass (1), a first heating element (2), an outer layer of glass (3) and a black edge layer (4), wherein the inner layer of glass (1), the first heating element (2) and the outer layer of glass (3) are stacked in sequence; The black edge layer (4) is provided on the outer glass (3), the black edge layer (4) comprising a first black edge (41), the first black edge (41) defining a first avoidance area (401) for avoiding the field of view of the camera (200) and a second avoidance area (402) for avoiding the field of view of the sensor (300); The first heating element (2) comprises a light-transmitting conductive heating film (21) and a busbar (22), wherein the busbar (22) is electrically connected to the light-transmitting conductive heating film (21), the light-transmitting conductive heating film (21) corresponds to at least the first air-avoidance area (401), and the light-transmitting conductive heating film (21) is provided with a non-heating area (201), wherein the non-heating area (201) covers the sensor (300), and a boundary of the non-heating area (201) is spaced apart from the sensor (300).

2. The windshield assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The busbar (22) is covered by the first black edge (41); the busbar (22) extends to the periphery of the outer glass (3); The windshield assembly (100) further comprises a wiring harness connector (5), wherein the wiring harness connector (5) is located at the periphery of the outer layer of glass (3) and is electrically connected to the busbar (22).

3. The windshield assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor (300) is a rain sensor, and the distance between the boundary of the non-heating area (201) and the sensor (300) is greater than or equal to 40 mm.

4. The windshield assembly according to claim 1, wherein: It also includes a bracket (7) connected to the inner glass (1), the bracket (7) being used to install the camera (200) and the sensor (300), and the position of the lower edge of the bracket (7) is lower than the first air-avoidance area (401); The first black edge (41) covers the bracket (7).

5. The windshield assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The light-transmitting conductive heating film (21) comprises a first dielectric layer (213), a light-transmitting conductive heating layer (214), and a second dielectric layer (215) stacked in sequence; the first dielectric layer (213) and the second dielectric layer (215) are respectively adhered to the light-transmitting conductive heating layer (214) to protect the light-transmitting conductive heating layer (214).

6. The windshield assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surface layers of the light-transmitting conductive heating film (21) are respectively a first adhesive layer (211) and a second adhesive layer (216); at least one of the first adhesive layer (211) and the second adhesive layer (216) is a heat insulation layer.

7. The windshield assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The light transmittance of the windshield assembly (100) at the first air-avoidance area (401) is greater than 85%; The inner glass (1) and the outer glass (3) are respectively glasses with a light transmittance greater than 95%; and the light-transmitting conductive heating layer (214) of the light-transmitting conductive heating film (21) is a silver-plated layer.

8. The windshield assembly according to claim 7, wherein: The thickness of the windshield assembly (100) ranges from 4.5 mm to 5.4 mm; the thickness of the inner layer of glass (1) and the thickness of the outer layer of glass (3) range from 1.6 mm to 2.3 mm, respectively.

9. The windshield assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The first black edge (41) is located in the middle of the upper edge of the outer glass (3); The black edge layer (4) further includes a second black edge (42) located at the lower edge of the outer glass (3); The windshield assembly (100) further comprises a second heating element (6) located between the second black edge (42) and the inner glass (1).

10. A vehicle, characterized in that include: A windshield assembly (100) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9; a camera (200) disposed on the inner side of the windshield assembly (100) and capable of photographing the outer side of the windshield assembly (100) through the first air-shield area (401); and The sensor (300) is arranged on the inner side of the windshield assembly (100) and is capable of detecting the outer side of the windshield assembly (100) through the non-heating area (201) and the second air-avoidance area (402).

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