Battery cluster and energy storage equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery cluster and energy storage equipment. The battery cluster comprises a support frame, two layers of high-capacity battery packs and a battery management assembly, the two layers of high-capacity battery packs are arranged on the supporting frame in the Z direction, and each layer of high-capacity battery pack comprises a plurality of high-capacity batteries which are sequentially arranged in the X direction; the battery management assembly comprises a plurality of battery management units and a plurality of sampling plates. According to the battery cluster, only the sampling plate is installed on each high-capacity battery, and the battery management units of the plurality of high-capacity batteries are integrated on one circuit board, so that the structure of the high-capacity batteries is relatively simple, the occupied volume is reduced, and the energy density of the whole energy storage equipment is improved. And meanwhile, the battery management units of a plurality of high-capacity batteries are integrated on one circuit board, so that the battery management units are convenient to install and maintain, and the energy density of the energy storage equipment is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, and in particular relates to a battery cluster and energy storage equipment. Background Art

[0002] Existing energy storage devices include an energy storage box and multiple battery clusters located in the energy storage box. Each battery cluster includes multiple layers of large-capacity batteries, and each layer of large-capacity batteries is generally electrically connected in series.

[0003] To ensure the safe and reliable operation of large-capacity batteries, large-capacity batteries generally need to be equipped with a battery management unit. The battery management unit is installed on the shell of the large-capacity battery, making the structure of the entire large-capacity battery relatively complex and occupying a large volume, which affects the energy density of the energy storage device. At the same time, after the large-capacity batteries are assembled into a battery cluster, operating space needs to be reserved in the energy storage box to install and maintain the battery management units of the large-capacity batteries, which affects the energy density of the energy storage device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to improve the energy density of an energy storage device, the utility model provides a battery cluster and an energy storage device.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A battery cluster includes a support frame, two layers of large-capacity battery packs, and a battery management assembly; the two layers of large-capacity battery packs are arranged on the support frame along the Z direction, and each layer of large-capacity battery packs includes multiple large-capacity batteries arranged in sequence along the X direction; the battery management assembly includes multiple battery management units and multiple sampling boards, each sampling board is arranged on a large-capacity battery in a one-to-one correspondence, and the sampling boards of the large-capacity batteries are connected to the battery management units in a one-to-one correspondence, and multiple battery management units are integrated on a circuit board.

[0007] Furthermore, the circuit board is fixed to the support frame through a mounting plate, and the circuit board is located on the side of the energy storage box door that can be opened. The collection lines of the large-capacity battery sampling boards are all connected to each battery management unit after passing through the wiring harness sleeve.

[0008] Furthermore, a first electrical connection component and a second electrical connection component are respectively provided on both sides of the support frame. The first electrical connection component is located on one side of the support frame and is used to realize the electrical connection between two layers of large-capacity battery packs; the second electrical connection component and the circuit board are located together on the other side of the support frame. The second electrical connection component is used to realize the electrical connection between adjacent battery clusters, and a circuit breaker is provided on the second electrical connection component.

[0009] Furthermore, the support frame includes two layers of support frames, and two layers of large-capacity battery packs are placed on the two layers of support frames respectively. The two layers of support frames are connected into a frame body by multiple vertical connecting beams; each layer of support frame is mainly composed of two first support beams extending along the X direction and two second support beams extending along the Y direction. The inner sides of the first support beam and the second support beam are both provided with support plates. The large-capacity batteries are supported by the support plates and are fixed to the two first support beams respectively by first connecting members and second connecting members.

[0010] Furthermore, the lower support frame of the two-layer support frame is provided with at least one set of sliding assemblies, the sliding assembly including a first sliding roller and a second sliding roller, the rotation axis of the first sliding roller extends along the Y direction, and the rotation axis of the second sliding roller extends along the Z direction;

[0011] Furthermore, the support frame further includes a plurality of auxiliary connecting beams, and both ends of the auxiliary connecting beams are fixedly connected to two adjacent vertical connecting beams, or both ends of the auxiliary connecting beams are fixedly connected to the vertical connecting beams and the support frame.

[0012] Furthermore, the large-capacity battery includes a shell and a plurality of single cells arranged in the shell in the same direction; a shared chamber is provided in the shell, and the inner cavity of the shared chamber is connected to the inner cavities of all single cells; avoidance holes are opened on the top plate of the shell corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single cell; the polarity terminals of each single cell extend out of the avoidance holes, and the top plate area of ​​the shell corresponding to the avoidance holes is fixedly sealed with the shell of the single cell.

[0013] Furthermore, the shared chamber includes an electrolyte shared chamber and a gas shared chamber; the electrolyte shared chamber is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​each single cell; the gas shared chamber is connected to the gas area of ​​each single cell, or the gas shared chamber is a gas channel located between the top plate of the outer shell and each single cell, and the gas channel covers the explosion-proof membrane of each single cell. When the explosion-proof membrane of any single cell is broken by the thermal runaway smoke in the inner cavity, the gas area and the gas channel of the single cell are connected.

[0014] Furthermore, an explosion relief mechanism connected to the shared chamber is provided on the shell of the large-capacity battery, and the explosion relief mechanisms of all large-capacity batteries are connected to a U-shaped explosion relief manifold; the two ports of the U-shaped explosion relief manifold are located on the same side of the support frame as the circuit board, and one port of the U-shaped explosion relief manifold is sealed, and the other port serves as an exhaust outlet for thermal runaway flue gas.

[0015] Furthermore, a heat exchange device is provided on the top of the housing. The heat exchange device has a heat exchange channel through which an insulating heat exchange medium passes. The insulating heat exchange medium in the heat exchange channel is in direct contact with the polarity terminals of each single battery for heat exchange.

[0016] Furthermore, an insulating sealant layer is laid on the top plate of the shell, and the liquid inlet and outlet ports of the heat exchange device extend out of the insulating sealant layer; at the same time, an insulating protective cover is provided on the top of the shell, and the polarity terminals of each single cell and the heat exchange device are located in the insulating protective cover.

[0017] The utility model also provides an energy storage device, which includes an energy storage box and multiple battery clusters; the multiple battery clusters are arranged from top to bottom in the energy storage box.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. In this battery cluster, only sampling boards are installed on each large-capacity battery, while the battery management units (BMUs) of each large-capacity battery are integrated onto a single circuit board. This arrangement simplifies the structure of each large-capacity battery, reduces its footprint, and improves the energy density of the entire energy storage device. Furthermore, integrating the BMUs of multiple large-capacity batteries onto a single circuit board facilitates installation and maintenance of the BMUs, while also reducing the space required to maintain the BMUs of each large-capacity battery separately, further improving the energy density of the entire energy storage device.

[0020] 2. In this battery cluster, the circuit board is secured to the support frame via a mounting plate. The circuit board is located on the side of the energy storage box where the door can be opened. This installation method facilitates installation and subsequent maintenance of the battery management unit. Furthermore, the collection cables for each large-capacity battery sampling board are connected to each battery management unit through a wiring harness sleeve, which protects the collection cables and enhances the aesthetics of the battery cluster.

[0021] 3. In the battery cluster of this utility model, the two layers of large-capacity battery packs are pre-electrically connected via a first electrical connection assembly before being installed into the energy storage case. This saves space on one side of the case for connecting the large-capacity battery packs in series, thereby increasing the energy density of the energy storage device. Simultaneously, a second electrical connection assembly is located on the same side of the support frame as the circuit board, enabling electrical connections between adjacent battery clusters. A circuit breaker is provided on the second electrical connection assembly to protect the large-capacity batteries in the battery cluster, enhancing safety during charging and discharging of the large-capacity batteries.

[0022] 4. In the battery cluster of the present invention, the support frame includes two layers of support frames, each of which has a support plate on the inner side. The large-capacity batteries are supported by the support plate and fixed to the two first support beams by first and second connectors respectively. This installation method facilitates the installation and removal of each layer of large-capacity batteries.

[0023] 5. In the battery cluster of the present invention, the lower support frame of the two-layer support frame is provided with at least one set of sliding components. The sliding components include multiple sliding rollers with different rolling directions. When the battery cluster is installed in the energy storage box, the friction in different directions can be reduced, so that the support frame can be pushed into the energy storage box more easily.

[0024] 6. In the battery cluster of the present invention, the support frame further comprises a plurality of auxiliary connecting beams, which can increase the overall connection strength, stability and reliability of the support frame.

[0025] 7. In the battery cluster of the present invention, the high-capacity battery includes a housing and multiple single cells arranged in the same direction within the housing. The housing is provided with a shared chamber, and the multiple single cells are placed within the housing having the shared chamber. The shared chamber is connected to the inner cavities of the single cells within the housing, allowing the electrolyte and gas of the single cells to be shared to ensure the consistency of the single cells. This reduces the differences in the electrolyte and gas between the single cells, improves the consistency between the single cells to a certain extent, and thus improves the cycle life of the high-capacity battery to a certain extent.

[0026] 8. In the battery cluster of the present invention, a U-shaped explosion-relief manifold is used to converge the thermal runaway flue gas of multiple large-capacity batteries, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity batteries. At the same time, the U-shaped explosion-relief manifold can be connected to the external flue gas manifold through only one pipe joint. The reduction in pipe joints facilitates on-site installation, disassembly and maintenance, and further reduces the cost of pipes. At the same time, the reduction in pipe joints makes the leakage risk relatively low and the pipeline reliability relatively good.

[0027] 9. In the battery cluster of this utility model, a heat exchange device is installed on the top of the housing. This device includes a heat exchange channel through which an insulating heat exchange medium passes. This heat exchange channel primarily exchanges heat with the polarity terminals of the individual cells, where heat is most concentrated, to achieve reliable temperature control of each individual cell in the large-capacity battery. Furthermore, the heat exchange device employs a direct heat exchange method for the large-capacity batteries. This direct contact between the insulating heat exchange medium in the heat exchange channel and the polarity terminals of the individual cells allows the insulating heat exchange medium to directly act on the polarity terminals, resulting in a shorter heat exchange path for the insulating heat exchange medium. This improves the utilization efficiency of the insulating heat exchange medium, the heat exchange efficiency of the large-capacity batteries, and the temperature control of the large-capacity batteries.

[0028] 10. In the battery cluster of this invention, an insulating sealant layer is applied to the top plate of the outer shell. When condensation forms on the surface of the heat exchanger, the insulating sealant layer prevents the condensation from penetrating the gap between the polarity terminals and the avoidance holes, thereby preventing battery short circuits. Furthermore, an insulating protective cover provides insulation protection for the polarity terminals, avoiding potential safety hazards associated with exposed polarity terminals during operation of large-capacity batteries. It also prevents foreign matter from falling into the polarity terminals, potentially causing short circuits in the large-capacity batteries, thereby improving the safety of large-capacity batteries.

[0029] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be reflected in part through the following description, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through research and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the battery cluster in Example 1;

[0031] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the large-capacity battery in Example 1;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Example 1;

[0033] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the support frame in Example 1;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the large-capacity battery pack and the support frame in Example 1;

[0035] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the first electrical connection assembly in Example 1;

[0036] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the second electrical connection assembly in Example 1;

[0037] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of a battery cluster with a U-shaped explosion-relief manifold in Example 1;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a large-capacity battery with a heat exchange device in Example 2;

[0039] Figure 10 The structure of the heat exchange device in Example 2 is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0040] Figure 11 The structure of the heat exchange device in Example 2 is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0041] Figure 12Schematic diagram of a large-capacity battery with an insulating protective cover in Example 2;

[0042] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the battery cluster in Example 3.

[0043] Figure 1: 1-large capacity battery, 2-battery management assembly, 3-support frame, 4-first electrical connection assembly, 5-second electrical connection assembly, 6-U-shaped explosion relief manifold, 7-liquid inlet pipe, 8-liquid return pipe, 9-third electrical connection assembly, 11-housing, 12-single battery, 13-polarity terminal, 14-explosion relief mechanism, 15-insulating sealant layer, 16-insulating protective cover, 17-heat exchange device, 111-electrolyte shared chamber, 112-gas shared chamber, 171-first channel, 172-second channel, 21-battery Management unit, 22-sampling plate, 23-mounting plate, 24-wiring harness sleeve, 31-support frame, 32-vertical connecting beam, 33-auxiliary connecting beam, 34-first sliding roller, 35-second sliding roller, 36-first connecting piece, 37-second connecting piece, 311-first support beam, 312-second support beam, 313-support plate, 41-first electrical connection plate, 42-insulating plate, 51-second electrical connection plate, 52-circuit breaker, 61-flue gas pipeline, 62-flexible tee, 71-liquid inlet pipe section, 81-liquid return pipe section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] To make the above-mentioned purposes, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] The phrases "in other embodiments" appearing in various places throughout this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor do they refer to separate or selective embodiments that are mutually exclusive with other embodiments. The terms "first" and "second" in this specification are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features being described. In the description of this utility model, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0046] In this specification, unless otherwise specified or limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can mean a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate component, or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on specific circumstances.

[0047] At the same time, in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "top, bottom, inside and outside" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0048] Existing energy storage devices include at least one battery cluster. Each cluster comprises multiple layers of high-capacity battery packs, each layer of which includes multiple high-capacity batteries connected in series. Each high-capacity battery is formed by connecting multiple individual cells in parallel or series, and is typically protected by a casing, though this can be omitted in some cases.

[0049] The utility model provides a battery cluster in which only sampling boards are installed on the large-capacity batteries of the cluster, while the battery management units (BMS) of the large-capacity batteries are integrated on a single circuit board. This arrangement makes the structure of the large-capacity batteries relatively simple, reduces the occupied volume, and improves the energy density of the entire energy storage device. At the same time, integrating the BMSs of multiple large-capacity batteries on a single circuit board facilitates the installation and maintenance of the BMSs, while also saving the operating space required to repair the BMSs of the large-capacity batteries separately, further improving the energy density of the entire energy storage device.

[0050] Furthermore, when battery clusters are used in energy storage devices, they must be assembled within the energy storage enclosure, requiring clearance on both sides of each cluster to allow operators to connect components such as the electrical connections for the large-capacity battery packs and the explosion-proof manifolds. This clearance requirement necessitates a corresponding increase in the size of the energy storage enclosure, impacting the energy density of the device.

[0051] In order to improve the energy density of the energy storage device, the present invention also improves the explosion-proof manifold, electrical connection components, etc. of the above-mentioned battery cluster, so that after the battery cluster is installed in the energy storage box, it only needs to be installed on one side of the battery cluster, thereby saving space for the energy storage device, improving the energy density of the energy storage device, and also reducing the difficulty of assembling the battery cluster.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a battery cluster, which includes a support frame 3, two layers of large-capacity battery packs and a battery management component 2; the two layers of large-capacity battery packs are arranged on the support frame 3 along the Z direction, and each large-capacity battery pack includes a plurality of large-capacity batteries 1 arranged in sequence along the X direction.

[0054] The aforementioned high-capacity battery can be an existing battery module, which is composed of multiple single cells connected in parallel (this battery module is of conventional design, and the electrolyte of the single cells in the battery module is not shared). The aforementioned high-capacity battery can also be a battery composed of multiple single cells connected in parallel with a shared electrolyte system. The specific structure of the battery is detailed in the large-capacity battery structure disclosed in Publication Nos. CN117525773A, CN117477186A, and CN117477063A.

[0055] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the large-capacity battery 1 in this embodiment includes a housing 11 and a plurality of single cells 12. The multiple single cells 12 are arranged in the same direction and placed in the housing 11. The single cells 12 in this embodiment are square-shell batteries, and the number can be adjusted according to actual needs. The internal cavity of each single cell 12 includes an electrolyte area and a gas area.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, after multiple single cells 12 are arranged in the same direction and placed in the housing 11, avoidance holes are opened on the top plate of the housing 11 corresponding to the polarity terminals 13 of each single cell 12. The polarity terminals 13 of each single cell 12 extend out of the corresponding avoidance holes to serve as the polarity terminals 13 of the large-capacity battery 1 (the polarity terminals of all single cells 12 on one side serve as the positive polarity terminals of the large-capacity battery 1, and the polarity terminals of all single cells 12 on the other side serve as the negative polarity terminals of the large-capacity battery 1). The top plate area of ​​the housing 11 corresponding to the avoidance holes is fixedly sealed with the housing of the single cell 12, so that the gap between the polarity terminals 13 and the avoidance holes is sealed. Generally, a sealing connector can be used to achieve fixed sealing between the top plate area of ​​the housing 11 and the housing of the single cell 12. The sealing connector can include a hollow member (similar to a hollow tube), which is sleeved on the outside of the polarity terminals 13 of the single cell 12; the bottom of the hollow member is sealedly connected to the area around the polarity terminals 13 on the upper cover of the single cell 12, and the top of the hollow member is sealedly connected to the top plate area of ​​the housing 11 corresponding to the avoidance holes. The sealing connection can be achieved by welding.

[0057] It should be noted that the polarity terminal 13 of the single cell 12 here can be the pole of the single cell 12. To prevent the pole of the single cell 12 from being unable to smoothly extend out of the avoidance hole as the polarity terminal 13, a pole adapter can be connected to the pole of the single cell 12, and the entire structure of the pole of the single cell 12 and the pole adapter can be used as the polarity terminal 13 of the single cell 12.

[0058] The housing 11 is provided with a shared cavity, the inner cavity of which is in communication with the inner cavities of all the single cells 12. Multiple single cells 12 are placed in a housing 11 having a shared cavity, and the shared cavity is connected to the inner cavities of each single cell 12 in the housing 11, thereby reducing the differences between the single cells 12 and improving the consistency between the single cells 12 to a certain extent, thereby improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery 1 to a certain extent. The shared cavity specifically includes the following:

[0059] The shared chamber within the housing 11 can be an electrolyte shared chamber 111. The inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber 111 is connected to the electrolyte area within the cavities of all single cells 12. Through the electrolyte shared chamber 111, each single cell 12 is placed in a unified electrolyte environment, ensuring the uniformity of the electrolyte within each single cell 12 and improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery 1. It should be noted that the electrolyte shared chamber 111 is an electrolyte storage chamber. After it is connected to the electrolyte area within the cavity of each single cell 12, it is necessary to ensure that the electrolyte in the entire large-capacity battery 1 is not in contact with the external environment.

[0060] The shared chamber within the housing 11 can be a gas-sharing chamber 112. The inner cavity of the gas-sharing chamber 112 communicates with the gas zones within the inner cavities of all the cells 12. Gas balance is achieved within each cell 12 through the gas-sharing chamber 112, thereby improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery 1. In this structure, the upper cover of the cell 12 is provided with a gas port that penetrates the inner cavity of the cell 12. The inner cavity of the gas-sharing chamber 112 communicates with the gas zones within the inner cavities of each cell 12 through this gas port. Based on the gas-sharing chamber 112, the gas zones of each cell 12 can be connected to achieve gas balance.

[0061] The shared chamber can be a gas-liquid shared chamber, the inner cavity of which communicates with the electrolyte and gas regions of all cells 12. This shared chamber allows each cell 12 to maintain a uniform electrolyte and gas environment, improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery 1. Specifically, a protrusion extending along the arrangement of the cells 12 is provided on the side panel of the housing 11. The protrusion forms a gas-liquid shared chamber, which communicates with both the electrolyte and gas regions of each cell 12.

[0062] The above-mentioned shared chamber can also include an electrolyte shared chamber 111 and a gas shared chamber 112. The inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber 111 is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​the inner cavity of all single cells 12, and the inner cavity of the gas shared chamber 112 is connected to the gas area of ​​the inner cavity of all single cells 12. The above-mentioned large-capacity battery 1 places multiple single cells 12 inside a shell 11 with a shared chamber, and uses the shared chamber to communicate with the inner cavity of each single cell 12 located in the shell 11, so that the electrolyte and gas of each single cell 12 are shared to ensure the consistency of each single cell 12. That is, the electrolyte and gas of each single cell 12 are connected, so that the electrolyte and gas of all single cells 12 are in the same system, which reduces the differences between each single cell 12 and improves the consistency between each single cell 12 to a certain extent, thereby improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery 1 to a certain extent.

[0063] The above-mentioned shared chamber can also include an electrolyte shared chamber 111 and a gas shared chamber 112. The inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber 111 is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​the inner cavities of all single cells 12. The gas shared chamber 112 is a gas channel located between the top plate of the shell 11 and each single cell 12. The gas channel covers the explosion-proof membrane on the top of each single cell 12. When the explosion-proof membrane of any single cell 12 is broken by the internal thermal runaway smoke, the gas area of ​​the inner cavity of the single cell 12 is connected to the inner cavity of the gas chamber. The gas shared chamber 112 is used as an explosion-proof channel. That is, during the normal operation of the large-capacity battery 1, the inner cavity of each single cell 12 is not connected to the explosion-proof channel. When any single cell 12 experiences thermal runaway, the explosion-proof membrane on the top of the single cell 12 is opened by the internal cavity smoke, and the inner cavity of the single cell 12 is connected to the explosion-proof channel. The thermal runaway smoke is discharged through the explosion-proof channel, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery 1.

[0064] like Figure 2 As shown, in order to prevent the spread of thermal runaway smoke from the single cells 12 in the large-capacity battery 1 and cause safety problems, an explosion relief mechanism 14 connected to the shared chamber is provided on the shell 11 of the above-mentioned large-capacity battery 1; after the explosion relief mechanism 14 is connected to the explosion relief manifold, the thermal runaway smoke from all the large-capacity batteries 1 is converged by the explosion relief manifold. When a single cell 12 in any large-capacity battery 1 experiences thermal runaway, its thermal runaway smoke can be discharged through the explosion relief manifold, reducing the spread of thermal runaway and preventing the thermal runaway smoke from individual large-capacity batteries 1 from spreading to the entire battery cluster and causing safety problems.

[0065] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the large-capacity batteries 1 described above, the battery cluster is equipped with a battery management assembly 2. This battery management assembly 2 manages the large-capacity batteries 1 in the battery cluster. The battery management assembly 2 includes multiple battery management units 21 and multiple sampling boards 22. Each sampling board 22 is correspondingly installed on each large-capacity battery 1, and the sampling boards 22 of each large-capacity battery 1 are connected to the multiple battery management units 21 in a one-to-one manner. During installation, each sampling board 22 is respectively installed on the top of the housing 11 of each large-capacity battery 1, collecting information such as the voltage, current, and temperature of the large-capacity battery 1, and transmitting the collected information to each battery management unit 21 via a collection line. The battery management unit 21 implements functions such as overload and short-circuit protection, high-voltage sampling, and low-voltage control for the large-capacity batteries 1.

[0066] In this embodiment, the battery management units 21 of the large-capacity batteries 1 are integrated on a circuit board, so that the large-capacity batteries 1 only need to be installed with the sampling board 22. In this way, the structure of the entire large-capacity battery 1 is relatively simple and the volume occupied is relatively small, thereby improving the energy density of the energy storage device.

[0067] like Figure 1 As shown, the circuit board is secured to the support frame 3 via a mounting plate 23. The circuit board is located on the side of the energy storage case where the door can be opened. Specifically, the battery management unit 21 is located where the door is open, near the side of the energy storage case's double-door structure. During operation, the battery management unit 21 can be installed and maintained simply by opening the energy storage case door. This facilitates installation and maintenance of the battery management unit, while also reducing the need for servicing the battery management units 21 of each large-capacity battery 1 separately, further increasing the energy density of the entire energy storage device.

[0068] like Figure 1 As shown, the collection lines of the sampling boards 22 of the large-capacity batteries 1 are connected to the battery management units 21 after passing through the wiring harness sleeves 24. The wiring harness sleeves 24 protect the collection lines and also improve the aesthetics of the battery cluster.

[0069] like Figure 4 As shown, the support frame 3 in this embodiment includes two layers of support frames 31 arranged in sequence along the Z direction, and the large-capacity battery packs are placed on the two layers of support frames 31 respectively. The two layers of support frames 31 are connected into a frame through multiple vertical connecting beams 32. This integrated frame has high stability and can support two rows of large-capacity batteries 1 more stably.

[0070] like Figure 4As shown, each support frame 31 includes two first support beams 311 extending along the X direction and two second support beams 312 extending along the Y direction. The two first support beams 311 and the two second support beams 312 are connected end to end to form a rectangular frame. Support plates 313 are provided on the inner sides of the first support beams 311 and the second support beams 312. The large-capacity battery 1 is placed on the support plates 313 and fixed to the support frame 31 via a connecting assembly. The first support beams 311 can be made of angle steel or T-shaped steel, and the second support beams 312 can be made of angle steel. During the specific assembly, in order to facilitate the installation of the explosion-relief manifold, a first support beam 311 is made of T-shaped steel, and the web of the T-shaped steel has an avoidance gap for the large-capacity battery 1 explosion-relief mechanism 14 to pass through. A wing plate on the inner side of the T-shaped steel serves as the support plate 313 of the first support beam 311, which is used to support the large-capacity battery 1. The other first support beam 311 is made of angle steel, and the wing plate in the horizontal direction of the angle steel serves as the support plate 313 of the first support beam 311. Both second support beams 312 can use angle steel.

[0071] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the connection assembly includes a first connector 36 and a second connector 37 located at both ends of the large-capacity battery 1. The large-capacity battery 1 is fixed to the two first support beams 311 respectively through the first connector 36 and the second connector 37. The first connector 36 is a Z-shaped connector, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the shell of the large-capacity battery 1 and the first support beam 311, and the Z-shaped connector has an avoidance gap for the explosion relief mechanism 14 to pass through; the second connector 37 is an L-shaped connector, the vertical connector of the L-shaped connector is fixedly connected to the shell of the large-capacity battery 1, and the horizontal connector is connected to the support plate 313 of the first support beam 311. During the specific connection, in order to improve the stability of the large-capacity battery 1 after connection, threaded holes can be opened in the first connector 36 and the second connector 37, and the first connector 36 and the second connector 37 are respectively fixedly connected to the shell 11 of the large-capacity battery 1 and the first support beam 311 by screw fastening.

[0072] like Figure 4 As shown, the above-mentioned support frame 3 also includes a plurality of auxiliary connecting beams 33, each of which is located between two layers of support frames 31. At the same time, the two ends of the auxiliary connecting beam 33 are respectively connected to two adjacent vertical connecting beams 32, or the two ends of the auxiliary connecting beam 33 are respectively connected to the vertical connecting beam 32 and the support frame 31. The auxiliary connecting beams 33 can increase the overall connection strength and stability of the support frame 3, thereby improving the reliability of the support frame 3 during use.

[0073] When installing two rows of large-capacity battery packs on a support rack, first place one row of large-capacity batteries on the lower support frame 31 of the support rack 3. This row of large-capacity batteries 1 is then secured to the first support beams 311 of the lower support frame 31 using the first connectors 36 and the second connectors 37. Subsequently, the two layers of support frames 31 are securely connected using a plurality of vertical connecting beams 32. Finally, place the other row of large-capacity batteries on the upper support frame 31 of the support rack 3. This row of large-capacity batteries 1 is then secured to the two first support beams 311 of the upper support frame 31 using the first connectors 36 and the second connectors 37.

[0074] like Figure 4 As shown, in order to make it possible for the support frame 3 equipped with the large-capacity battery 1 to be easily installed in place or removed for maintenance, the support frame 3 is installed in a sliding manner on the energy storage box of the energy storage device. In a specific setting, at least one set of sliding components is provided on the bottom support frame 31, and the sliding component includes a first sliding roller 34 and a second sliding roller 35. In a specific setting, the first sliding roller 34 and the second sliding roller 35 are provided on the first support beam 311, and the rotation axis of the first sliding roller 34 extends along the Y direction, and the rotation axis of the second sliding roller 35 extends along the Z direction. A plurality of through slots are provided at the bottom of the first support beam 311, and the first sliding roller 34 is installed in the through slots, and its bottom extends out of the through slots.

[0075] As can be seen from the above description, the sliding assembly includes multiple sliding rollers with different rolling directions. These reduce friction in different directions when the battery cluster is installed into the energy storage box, allowing the support frame 3 to be pushed into the energy storage box more easily. Furthermore, the second sliding roller 35 guides the sliding of the support frame 3 when the battery cluster is installed into the energy storage box, further facilitating the insertion of the support frame 3 into the energy storage box.

[0076] The battery cluster is applied to energy storage equipment, which reduces the difficulty of assembling the battery cluster, saves space in the energy storage equipment, and improves the energy density of the energy storage equipment. The utility model also makes structural improvements to the explosion-proof manifold, electrical connection components, etc. of the battery cluster.

[0077] First, the improvement of the explosion relief manifold:

[0078] like Figure 8As shown, the explosion venting manifold in this embodiment is a U-shaped explosion venting manifold 6, and the explosion venting mechanisms 14 of all large-capacity batteries 1 are connected to the U-shaped explosion venting manifold 6; one port of the U-shaped explosion venting manifold 6 is sealed with a plug, and the other port serves as an exhaust port for thermal runaway flue gas and is connected to an external flue gas manifold. After adopting the above-mentioned U-shaped explosion venting manifold 6, each battery cluster can be connected to the external flue gas manifold through only one pipe joint. The reduction in pipe joints facilitates on-site installation, disassembly, and maintenance, and further reduces the cost of the pipeline. At the same time, the reduction in pipe joints makes the risk of leakage relatively low and the pipeline reliability relatively good.

[0079] like Figure 8 As shown, the U-shaped explosion-relief manifold 6 includes multiple flue gas pipes 61 and flexible tees 62. The multiple flue gas pipes 61 are connected in series via the flexible tees 62, and one port on each flexible tee 62 is used to connect to the explosion-relief mechanism 14 on a large-capacity battery 1. The flue gas pipes 61 are generally flexible hoses, and high-temperature-resistant metal hoses must be used to meet the emission requirements of thermal runaway flue gas.

[0080] During specific installation, after the U-shaped explosion-proof manifold 6 is connected to the explosion-proof mechanism 14 of each large-capacity battery 1, its two ports and the circuit board are located on the same side of the support frame 3, that is, the exhaust outlet of the thermal runaway flue gas of the U-shaped explosion-proof manifold 6 is located at the open position of the box door of the energy storage box. The connection between the explosion-proof manifold 6 and the external flue gas manifold can be completed on one side of the battery cluster, thereby saving space for the energy storage device, improving the energy density of the energy storage device, and reducing the difficulty of assembling the battery cluster.

[0081] Second, improvements to electrical connection components

[0082] In the battery cluster of this embodiment, the electrical connection assembly includes a first electrical connection assembly 4, a second electrical connection assembly 5 and a third electrical connection assembly 9;

[0083] The third electrical connection assembly 9 realizes the electrical connection between adjacent large-capacity batteries 1 in the large-capacity battery pack; the third electrical connection assembly 9 includes a plurality of third electrical connection plates, and both ends of each third electrical connection plate are electrically connected to a polarity terminal 13 of an adjacent large-capacity battery 1, thereby realizing the electrical connection between adjacent large-capacity batteries 1;

[0084] like Figure 6As shown, the first electrical connection component 4 realizes the electrical connection between the two layers of large-capacity battery packs; the first electrical connection component 4 includes multiple first electrical connection plates 41, which are located on the same side of the large-capacity battery packs with opposite polarity, that is, the two large-capacity batteries 1 at the ends of the two layers of large-capacity battery packs are located on the same side with different polarity terminals 13, and the two ends of each first electrical connection plate 41 are respectively connected to the polarity terminals 13 of different polarity of the two large-capacity batteries 1 at the ends of the two layers of large-capacity battery packs, thereby realizing the electrical connection between the two layers of large-capacity battery packs.

[0085] like Figure 7 As shown, the second electrical connection assembly 5 realizes the electrical connection between adjacent battery clusters. The second electrical connection assembly 5 includes multiple second electrical connection plates 51. Each second electrical connection plate 51 is electrically connected to the polarity terminals 13 of the large-capacity batteries 1 at the end of one of the large-capacity battery packs. At the same time, each of the second electrical connection plates 51 is provided with a circuit breaker 52. The circuit breaker 52 protects the large-capacity batteries 1 in the battery cluster from current overload. When a large-capacity battery 1 fails or the current is too high, the circuit breaker 52 can automatically disconnect the circuit to prevent damage to the large-capacity battery 1. During the charging and discharging process, the circuit breaker 52 can control the magnitude and direction of the current to ensure that the large-capacity battery 1 can be charged and discharged safely.

[0086] The above-mentioned first electrical connection component and second electrical connection component are located on different sides of the support frame, and the second electrical connection component and the circuit board are arranged on the same side of the support frame, that is, when the two layers of large-capacity battery packs are loaded into the energy storage box, the two layers of large-capacity battery packs are electrically connected in advance through the first electrical connection component, and the second electrical connection component is located at the open position of the box door of the energy storage box, and the electrical connection between adjacent battery clusters is achieved at the open position of the box door. After the battery cluster is installed in the energy storage box, the operating space on one side of the energy storage box for connecting large-capacity battery packs in series can be saved, thereby improving the energy density of the energy storage equipment.

[0087] It should be noted that: if the support frame 3 is made of metal, after the first electrical connection plate 41 is electrically connected, it is easy to contact with the support frame 3 and cause a short circuit problem. At this time, insulating plates 42 are also provided on both sides of the non-electrical connection part of the first electrical connection plate 41. The insulating plates 42 are made of epoxy plates, or the non-electrical connection part of the first electrical connection plate 41 is covered with an insulating sleeve to achieve insulation between the first electrical connection plate 41 and the support frame 3.

[0088] Example 2

[0089] Research has found that during the charging and discharging process of the large-capacity battery 1, the temperature at the polarity terminal 13 is the highest temperature of the large-capacity battery 1. Processing the heat at the polarity terminal 13 can effectively dissipate heat for the large-capacity battery 1, thereby achieving effective temperature control of the large-capacity battery 1.

[0090] like Figure 9 and Figure 13 As shown, in this embodiment, a heat exchange device 17 is provided on the top of the housing 11 of the large-capacity battery 1 of Example 1. The heat exchange device 17 exchanges heat with the polarity terminals 13 of each single battery 12. When the temperature of the large-capacity battery 1 is higher than a set threshold, a heat exchange medium with a lower temperature is introduced into the heat exchange device 17 to cool the large-capacity battery 1; when the temperature of the large-capacity battery 1 is lower than the set threshold, a heat exchange medium with a higher temperature is introduced into the heat exchange device 17 to heat the large-capacity battery 1; by controlling the temperature of the heat exchange medium, it is ensured that the large-capacity battery 1 always operates at a normal operating temperature.

[0091] The heat exchange device 17 can be implemented using the following structure:

[0092] First, the heat exchange device 17 is a heat transfer tube fixed within the slots or holes of the polarity terminals 13 of each battery cell 12. This heat transfer tube is a pipe that performs heat exchange. The heat exchange medium indirectly exchanges heat with the polarity terminals 13 of the large-capacity battery 1 through the tube wall. After being installed within the slots or holes of the polarity terminals 13, the heat transfer tube must be insulated from the polarity terminals 13 of each battery cell 12.

[0093] Second, the heat exchange device 17 includes at least one heat exchange plate having a first channel 171 and at least one set of second channels 172. The heat exchange plate is mounted on the polarity terminals 13 of the large-capacity battery 1 and is insulated from the housing 11 and the individual cells 12. The heat exchange plate has a heat exchange channel through which a heat exchange medium passes. This heat exchange channel primarily exchanges heat with the polarity terminals 13 of each individual cell 12, where heat is more concentrated. Specifically, a portion of the polarity terminals 13 is directly placed within the heat exchange plate, allowing direct contact between the polarity terminals 13 and the heat exchange medium. Compared to an indirect heat exchange method, this direct heat exchange method has a shorter heat exchange path. The heat exchange medium directly acts on the polarity terminals 13 of each individual cell 12, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium and the heat exchange efficiency of the large-capacity battery 1. This can effectively control the temperature of the large-capacity battery 1, avoiding performance and safety issues caused by excessively high or low temperatures in the large-capacity battery 1, and also reducing the probability of thermal runaway in the large-capacity battery 1.

[0094] As can be seen, the heat exchange device 17 of the second structure has a relatively higher heat exchange effect than the heat exchange device 17 of the first structure. Therefore, the heat exchange device 17 of the second structure is preferably used in this embodiment, and the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange device of the second structure is an insulating heat exchange medium. The heat exchange device 17 of the second structure is described in detail below.

[0095] a. Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the heat exchange device 17 includes two heat exchange plates, each of which corresponds to the polarity terminals 13 of all the single cells 12 in the large-capacity battery 1 located on the same side;

[0096] Each heat exchange plate is provided with a first channel 171 and a group of sequentially arranged second channels 172. The number of second channels 172 is the same as the number of single cells 12. The first channels 171 extend along the length of the heat exchange plate and serve as heat exchange channels. The second channels 172 extend along the Z direction and are connected to the first channels 171. The polarity terminals 13 of all single cells 12 on one side pass through the second channels 172 on one heat exchange plate and are electrically connected to the third electrical connection assembly 9. The polarity terminals 13 of all single cells 12 on the other side pass through the second channels 172 on the other heat exchange plate and are electrically connected to the third electrical connection assembly 9. At the same time, the two ends of each second channel 172 are sealed from the polarity terminals 13.

[0097] The two heat exchange plates are respectively mounted on the polarity terminals 13 on different sides of the large-capacity battery 1, and the two heat exchange plates can be connected in series. In some other embodiments, the two heat exchange plates can also be connected in parallel.

[0098] b. Figure 11 As shown, the heat exchange device 17 includes a heat exchange plate, which is provided with a first channel 171 and two groups of second channels 172 arranged in sequence. The first channel 171 runs through the length of the heat exchange plate. The number of second channels 172 is twice the number of single cells 12. Each second channel 172 is along the Z direction and is connected to the first channel 171. The polarity terminals 13 of all single cells 12 in the large-capacity battery 1 pass through the second channels 172 on the heat exchange plate and are electrically connected to the third electrical connection assembly 9. At the same time, the two ports of the second channel 172 are sealed from the polarity terminals 13.

[0099] This embodiment does not impose any specific restrictions on the cross-sectional shape of the heat exchange plate. Since the heat exchange plate in this embodiment is placed on the planar top plate of the housing, the heat exchange plate in this embodiment is a rectangular plate for structural regularity. In other embodiments, heat exchange plates of other structural forms may also be used.

[0100] The aforementioned first channel 171 is a channel extending along the length of the heat exchange plate. In this embodiment, after the heat exchange plate is fixed to the top of the housing 11, the length of the heat exchange plate is consistent with the length of the housing 11. Therefore, it can be considered that the first channel 171 extends along the length of the heat exchange plate, and the two end ports of the first channel 171 serve as the liquid inlet and outlet of the heat exchange plate. The aforementioned second channel 172 is a channel that passes through the heat exchange plate and is connected to the first channel 171. In this embodiment, the extension direction of the second channel 172 is consistent with the height direction of the single cell 12. In addition, each group of second channels 172 needs to correspond one-to-one with the polarity terminals 13 located on the same side of multiple single cells 12; in the Z direction (the height direction of the single cell 12), the size of the second channel 172 is smaller than the size of the corresponding polarity terminal 13, ensuring that the top of the polarity terminal 13, as the electrical connection portion, extends out of the second channel 172.

[0101] In this embodiment, the port shape of the second channel 172 is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 13 of each single battery cell. The port shape of the second channel 172 is circular, the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 13 is also circular, and the diameter of the two ports of the second channel 172 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the polarity terminal 13. In other embodiments, the shape of the two ports of the second channel 172 and the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 13 can be different, as long as it ensures that the polarity terminal 13 can be inserted into the second channel 172 and can be sealed.

[0102] Because insulating heat exchange medium flows in the heat exchange plate, the sealing of the heat exchange plate is particularly important. To ensure the sealing of the heat exchange plate, in this embodiment, two annular grooves extending along the circumference of each polarity terminal 13 are opened. The two annular grooves are arranged along the Z direction, and O-rings are embedded in the two annular grooves. The two O-rings are respectively pressed against the two ports of the second channel 172, thereby achieving sealing and improving the stability of the heat exchange plate.

[0103] It should be noted that the heat exchange plate is in contact with the housing 11 and the polarity terminals 13 of the multiple single batteries 12 for heat exchange. To avoid short circuit problems, the following methods can be used to achieve insulation between the heat exchange plate and the polarity terminals 13:

[0104] 1. Using a heat exchange plate made of insulating material can achieve insulation between the heat exchange plate and the housing 11 and the polarity terminals 13, while also achieving insulation between the heat exchange plate and the top of the large-capacity battery 1;

[0105] 2. Use heat exchange plates made of non-insulating materials and add an insulating ring between the polarity terminal 13 and the heat exchange plate. Insulate the side walls of the heat exchange plate, such as spraying insulating paint or wrapping with insulating film. To be on the safe side, you can combine the above methods and use multiple insulation methods to overcome this problem.

[0106] During long-term use of the large-capacity battery 1, condensation will form on the surface due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the heat exchange device 17. When the condensation accumulates to a certain amount, it will penetrate into the gap between the polarity terminal 13 of the single battery 12 and the avoidance hole, causing the polarity terminal 13 of the single battery 12 to be electrically conductive with the shell 11, which may cause the same single battery 12 to short-circuit.

[0107] like Figure 12 As shown, this embodiment optimizes the structure of the large-capacity battery 1 to overcome the aforementioned issues. Specifically, an insulating sealant layer 15 is applied to the top plate of the large-capacity battery housing 11. After application of the insulating sealant layer 15, the end faces of the polarity terminals 13 of each single battery cell 12 extend out of the insulating sealant layer 15, enabling electrical connection. Simultaneously, the main body of the heat exchanger 17 is covered by the insulating sealant layer 15. The liquid inlet and outlet ports of the heat exchanger 17 extend out of the insulating sealant layer 15, enabling connection to the liquid inlet and return lines 7 and 8, respectively.

[0108] The insulating sealant used in this embodiment is generally a commonly used battery potting compound, such as a thermally conductive silicone potting compound, which provides excellent sealing, insulation, vibration resistance, heat dissipation, and waterproofing. To prevent the insulating sealant from overflowing, during the injection process, this embodiment may also include an injection mold around the edges of the top plate of the housing 11 to ensure smooth injection of the insulating sealant. After injection, the mold can be removed.

[0109] like Figure 12 As shown, on the basis of the above structure, this embodiment further provides an insulating protective cover 16 on the top of the large-capacity battery 1, thereby providing insulation protection for the polarity terminal 13, avoiding the potential safety hazards of the polarity terminal 13 being exposed during the operation of the large-capacity battery 1, and also avoiding the problem of some foreign matter from the external environment falling into the position of the polarity terminal 13 and causing a short circuit in the large-capacity battery 1, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery 1.

[0110] It should be noted that if the insulating protective cover 16 completely encloses the polarity terminals 13, it would make electrical connection of such a large-capacity battery 1 difficult. Therefore, in this embodiment, a slit is provided in the side wall of the insulating protective cover 16. Through this slit, the electrical connector can be connected to the polarity terminals 13 of the large-capacity battery 1, thereby achieving electrical connection. It should also be noted that the side wall of the insulating protective cover 16 also needs to have a channel for the liquid inlet and outlet ends of the heat exchange device 17 to extend.

[0111] The heat exchange device 17 and the liquid inlet pipe 7 and the liquid return pipe 8 realize the circulation of the insulating heat exchange medium, thereby achieving temperature control of the large-capacity battery 1, improving the safety of the large-capacity battery 1 during use, and avoiding potential safety hazards.

[0112] like Figure 13As shown, the liquid inlet pipeline 7 and the liquid return pipeline 8 in this embodiment can specifically adopt the following structures:

[0113] First, the liquid inlet pipe 7 and the liquid return pipe 8 are both made of a single pipe, on which are provided a plurality of branch pipes connected to the liquid inlet port and the liquid outlet port of the heat exchange device 17 of each large-capacity battery 1;

[0114] Second, the liquid inlet pipeline 7 is mainly composed of multiple liquid inlet pipe sections 71, and the liquid return pipeline 8 is mainly composed of multiple liquid return pipe sections 81. The number of liquid inlet pipe sections 71 and liquid return pipe sections 81 is the same as the number of large-capacity batteries 1. Each liquid inlet pipe section 71 and each liquid return pipe section 81 is provided with a branch pipe. The liquid inlet ports of the heat exchange devices of the large-capacity batteries 1 are connected to the branch pipes on each liquid inlet pipe section 71 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the liquid outlet ports of the heat exchange devices of the large-capacity batteries 1 are connected to the branch pipes on each liquid return pipe section 81 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0115] In the two aforementioned structures, when a single tube is used to create the inlet and return lines 7 and 8, the installation of each line is more difficult, and the installation position of each line must be precisely guaranteed to avoid installation errors. Furthermore, during on-site maintenance, the inlet and return lines 7 and 8 must be completely disassembled before the relevant large-capacity battery 1 and the inlet and return lines 7 and 8 can be repaired. This results in laborious and time-consuming repairs and is very inconvenient to install and maintain. Therefore, the preferred solution is to use spliced ​​lines for both the inlet and return lines 7 and 8. Each large-capacity battery 1 is assembled with the corresponding inlet and return line segments 71 and 81. This spliced ​​line reduces errors and assembly difficulty when connecting the inlet and return lines 7 and 8. Furthermore, during subsequent maintenance, only the inlet and return lines 71 and 81 of the relevant large-capacity battery 1 need to be removed for repair, without having to remove the entire inlet and return lines 7 and 8, greatly improving the convenience of installation, disassembly, and maintenance.

[0116] At the same time, the aforementioned liquid inlet pipe 7, after being spliced ​​together through the liquid inlet pipe section 71, has two ports at both ends. During use, one of the ports is sealed with a plug, and the other port serves as the inlet port for the heat exchange medium. Similarly, the return liquid pipe 8, after being spliced ​​together through the return liquid pipe section 81, has two ports at both ends. During use, one of the ports is sealed with a plug, and the other port serves as the outflow port for the heat exchange medium. During installation, the heat exchange medium inflow port of the liquid inlet pipe 7 and the heat exchange medium outflow port of the return liquid pipe 8 are located on the same side of the support frame as the circuit board of the battery management unit, the second electrical connection assembly, and the thermal runaway flue gas exhaust outlet of the U-shaped explosion vent manifold, facilitating assembly and maintenance of the battery cluster.

[0117] In this embodiment, the liquid inlet pipeline 7 and the liquid return pipeline 8 may be covered with an insulation layer, which can effectively prevent the loss of cold or heat of the liquid cooling medium, reduce energy consumption, and avoid condensation on the pipe walls of each pipeline.

[0118] Example 3

[0119] This embodiment provides an energy storage device comprising an energy storage housing and multiple battery clusters according to Embodiments 1 and 2 disposed within the housing. The battery clusters are arranged from top to bottom within the housing. The housing is provided with a battery rack, on which the battery clusters are stacked. Alternatively, the side panels of the housing are provided with sliding rails, upon which the battery clusters are mounted.

[0120] After the battery cluster is installed in the energy storage box, each battery management unit 21, the second electrical connection assembly 5, the thermal runaway flue gas exhaust port of the U-shaped explosion relief manifold 6, the heat exchange medium inlet port of the liquid inlet pipeline 7, and the heat exchange medium outflow port of the liquid return pipeline 8 are all located on the same side of the support frame, and are all located on the side of the double-door of the energy storage box. After the battery cluster is installed in the energy storage box, it only needs to be installed on the side of the double-door of the energy storage box, and subsequent maintenance is also very convenient.

Claims

1. A battery cluster, characterized in that: Includes support frame, two layers of large-capacity battery packs and battery management components; Two layers of large-capacity battery packs are arranged on a support frame along the Z direction, and each layer of large-capacity battery packs includes a plurality of large-capacity batteries arranged in sequence along the X direction; The battery management component includes multiple battery management units and multiple sampling boards. Each sampling board is set on a large capacity battery in a one-to-one correspondence. The sampling boards of the large capacity batteries are connected to each battery management unit in a one-to-one correspondence. Multiple battery management units are integrated on a circuit board.

2. The battery cluster according to claim 1, wherein: The circuit board is fixed to the support frame through a mounting plate, and the circuit board is located on the side of the energy storage box door that can be opened. The collection lines of the large-capacity battery sampling boards are all connected to each battery management unit after passing through the wiring harness sleeve.

3. The battery cluster according to claim 1, wherein: A first electrical connection component and a second electrical connection component are respectively provided on both sides of the support frame. The first electrical connection component is located on one side of the support frame and is used to realize the electrical connection between the two layers of large-capacity battery packs; the second electrical connection component and the circuit board are located on the other side of the support frame. The second electrical connection component is used to realize the electrical connection between adjacent battery clusters, and a circuit breaker is provided on the second electrical connection component.

4. The battery cluster according to claim 1, wherein: The support frame includes two layers of support frames, and two layers of large-capacity battery packs are placed on the two layers of support frames respectively. The two layers of support frames are connected into a frame body by multiple vertical connecting beams; each layer of support frame is mainly composed of two first support beams extending along the X direction and two second support beams extending along the Y direction. The inner sides of the first support beam and the second support beam are both provided with support plates. The large-capacity batteries are supported by the support plates and are fixed to the two first support beams by first connecting members and second connecting members respectively.

5. The battery cluster according to claim 4, characterized in that The lower support frame of the two-layer support frame is provided with at least one set of sliding assemblies, wherein the sliding assembly includes a first sliding roller and a second sliding roller, wherein the rotation axis of the first sliding roller extends along the Y direction, and the rotation axis of the second sliding roller extends along the Z direction; The support frame further includes a plurality of auxiliary connecting beams, and both ends of the auxiliary connecting beams are fixedly connected to two adjacent vertical connecting beams, or both ends of the auxiliary connecting beams are fixedly connected to the vertical connecting beams and the support frame.

6. The battery cluster according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The large-capacity battery includes a shell and multiple single cells arranged in the shell in the same direction; a shared chamber is provided in the shell, and the inner cavity of the shared chamber is connected to the inner cavities of all the single cells; avoidance holes are opened on the top plate of the shell corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single cell; the polarity terminals of each single cell extend out of the avoidance holes, and the top plate area of ​​the shell corresponding to the avoidance holes is fixedly sealed with the shell of the single cell.

7. The battery cluster according to claim 6, characterized in that: The shared chamber includes an electrolyte shared chamber and a gas shared chamber; the electrolyte shared chamber is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​each single cell; the gas shared chamber is connected to the gas area of ​​each single cell, or the gas shared chamber is a gas channel located between the top plate of the shell and each single cell, and the gas channel covers the explosion-proof membrane of each single cell. When the explosion-proof membrane of any single cell is broken by the thermal runaway smoke in the inner cavity, the gas area and the gas channel of the single cell are connected.

8. The battery cluster according to claim 6, characterized in that The shell of the large-capacity battery is provided with an explosion relief mechanism connected to the shared chamber, and the explosion relief mechanisms of the large-capacity batteries are all connected to the U-shaped explosion relief manifold; the two ports of the U-shaped explosion relief manifold are located on the same side of the support frame as the circuit board, and one port of the U-shaped explosion relief manifold is sealed, and the other port serves as an exhaust outlet for thermal runaway flue gas.

9. The battery cluster according to claim 6, characterized in that A heat exchange device is provided on the top of the housing. The heat exchange device has a heat exchange channel through which an insulating heat exchange medium passes. The insulating heat exchange medium in the heat exchange channel is in direct contact with the polarity terminals of each single cell to exchange heat. An insulating sealant layer is laid on the top plate of the housing, and the liquid inlet and liquid outlet ports of the heat exchange device extend out of the insulating sealant layer. At the same time, an insulating protective cover is provided on the top of the housing, and the polarity terminals of each single cell and the heat exchange device are located within the insulating protective cover.

10. An energy storage device, characterized in that: The invention comprises an energy storage box and a plurality of battery clusters according to any one of claims 1 to 9; the plurality of battery clusters are arranged in the energy storage box from top to bottom.

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