Roadbed pavement structure
By introducing a combination design of crushed sand layer, coarse sand layer, graded sand layer, coarse sand filter layer, subbase layer and volcanic slag layer into the road structure, combined with drainage and insulation measures, the anti-freezing problem of roads in northern regions during low temperature seasons has been solved, and the drainage and anti-freezing capabilities of the roads have been improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422222555.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-10
AI Technical Summary
In some areas in the north, the roadbed and pavement adopt a multi-layer flat structure, which has poor drainage effect, resulting in the inability to meet anti-freeze requirements in low temperature seasons and easy damage.
A combined structure of crushed sand layer, coarse sand layer, graded sand layer, coarse sand filter layer, subbase layer, volcanic slag layer and surface layer is adopted, combined with the drainage design of two-way horizontal slope and longitudinal slope, as well as the setting of insulation layer and impermeable layer to enhance drainage performance and anti-freeze ability.
It effectively improves the drainage performance and anti-freeze ability of the road, reduces construction costs, and prevents road damage caused by water accumulation and low temperature.
Smart Images
Figure CN223373530U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of road construction, and in particular to a roadbed and pavement structure. Background Art
[0002] Roads, as a common infrastructure, primarily consist of a surface layer, a base layer, and a sub-base. The surface layer is the surface layer that comes into direct contact with traffic and the atmosphere. It bears the heavy vertical, horizontal, and impact forces of vehicle loads. It is also affected by precipitation and temperature fluctuations. Therefore, compared to other layers, the surface layer should possess higher structural strength, deformation resistance, good water and temperature stability, and be wear-resistant and impermeable. Its surface should also have good skid resistance and smoothness. The base layer is the load-bearing layer of the pavement structure, primarily bearing the vertical forces of vehicle loads and dissipating stresses transmitted from the surface layer to the sub-base or soil subgrade. The base layer should have sufficient strength and rigidity and good stress dissipation capabilities. The base layer is sometimes constructed in two layers, with the lower layer being called the sub-base. Laterite gravel is typically used as the primary material for the sub-base layer. The sub-base layer is the layer between the base layer and the soil subgrade and is often installed in seasonally frozen areas or when soil subgrade water temperature conditions are poor. In some areas of the north, the roadbed and pavement are multi-layer flat structures, and the drainage effect of one layer is not ideal. In addition, the anti-freeze needs cannot be met in the winter when the temperature is low, and the roadbed and pavement structure are easily damaged.
[0003] To this end, the present application provides a roadbed and pavement structure to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content
[0004] The present application provides a roadbed and pavement structure that can solve the problem that in some northern regions, the roadbed and pavement are paved in multiple layers, the drainage effect of the first layer is not ideal, the roadbed and pavement structure cannot meet the anti-freeze requirements in the cold winter, and the roadbed and pavement structure is easily damaged.
[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a roadbed and pavement structure, comprising a crushed stone sand layer 1, a coarse sand layer 2, a graded sand layer 3, a coarse sand filter layer 4, a subbase layer 5, a volcanic slag layer 6 and a surface layer 7;
[0006] Among them, the gravel sand layer 1 is horizontally laid under the coarse sand layer 2, wherein the coarse sand filter layer 4 is located on the upper layer of the graded sand layer 3, and the coarse sand filter layer 4 is laid in a vertical and horizontal structure layer under the base layer 5. The base layer 5 and the volcanic slag layer 6 are alternately laid flat to form a compacted layer 8. The compacted layer 8 has a two-way horizontal slope with a slope of 0.1% to 0.2% and a two-way longitudinal slope with a slope of 0.3% to 0.4% along the width direction of the road surface. Drainage columns 9 are distributed in a matrix at intervals in the compacted layer 8 along the width direction of the road surface; the surface layer 7 includes an upper layer 71 and a lower layer 72, the upper layer 71 is located on the upper layer 72, and an insulation layer 73 is arranged between the lower layer 72 and the upper layer 71.
[0007] As a further solution, a plurality of drainage holes 91 are provided on the drainage column 9 at equal intervals, and the drainage column 9 is evenly arranged in the transverse direction.
[0008] As a further solution, the coarse sand layer 2 is provided in two layers, and the thickness of each layer is 14-15 cm.
[0009] As a further solution, a watertight layer 10 is provided between the surface layer 7 and the compacted layer 8. The thickness of the watertight layer 10 is 1-3 cm, and the watertight layer 10 is a watertight geomembrane.
[0010] As a further solution, a layer of permeable geotextile is laid between the coarse sand layer 2 and the compacted layer 8 .
[0011] As a further solution, the thickness of the permeable geotextile is 3-4 cm.
[0012] As a further solution, the thickness of the compacted layer 8 is 2-5 cm.
[0013] As a further solution, the thickness of the thermal insulation layer 73 is 1-2 cm.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the scheme adopted in the present application includes a gravel sand layer 1, a coarse sand layer 2, a graded sand layer 3, a coarse sand filter layer 4, a subbase layer 5, a volcanic slag layer 6 and a surface layer 7; wherein the gravel sand layer 1 is horizontally laid on the lower layer of the coarse sand layer 2, wherein the coarse sand filter layer 4 is located on the upper layer of the graded sand layer 3, and the coarse sand filter layer 4 is laid in a vertical and horizontal structure layer on the lower layer of the subbase layer 5, and the subbase layer 5 and the volcanic slag layer 6 are alternately laid flat to form a compacted layer 8, and the compacted layer 8 has a bidirectional transverse slope 81 with a slope of 0.1% to 0.2% and a bidirectional longitudinal slope 82 with a slope of 0.3% to 0.4% along the width direction of the road surface, and drainage columns 9 are distributed in a matrix at intervals in the compacted layer 8 along the width direction of the road surface; the surface layer 7 includes an upper layer 71 and a lower layer 72, the upper layer 71 is located on the upper layer 72, and an insulation layer 73 is arranged between the lower layer 72 and the upper layer 71. In this scheme, the provision of a crushed sand layer 1, a coarse sand layer 2, a graded sand layer 3, and a coarse sand filter layer 4 can enhance the drainage performance of the road stratum. The volcanic slag layer 6 is mixed with other common materials to improve the mixture ratio, not only meeting the strength requirements of the relevant roads, but also having a high degree of gradation and easy compaction, which greatly reduces construction costs. Furthermore, the bidirectional transverse slope of 0.1% to 0.2% and the bidirectional longitudinal slope of 0.3% to 0.4%, as well as the drainage columns 9, can promptly and effectively drain any accumulated water in the road, preventing damage caused by accumulated water. The insulation layer 73 provided on the upper layer of the road prevents adverse effects on the road surface in the morning when temperatures are low. This solves the existing problem in some northern regions where the roadbed and pavement are constructed in a multi-layered, flat-paved structure, resulting in poor drainage on the first layer. This problem can be solved by failing to meet antifreeze requirements in the cold winter, and the roadbed and pavement structures are easily damaged. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without inventiveness.
[0016] Figure 1 The roadbed and pavement structure provided by the embodiment of the utility model;
[0017] Figure 2 A structural diagram of the longitudinal slope and transverse slope provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0018] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of the thermal insulation layer provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0019] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a drainage column provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0020] Figure 5This is a schematic structural diagram of the impermeable layer provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.
[0021] In the figure: 1 crushed stone sand layer; 2 coarse sand layer, 3 graded sand layer; 4 coarse sand filter layer; 5 subbase layer; 6 scoria layer; 7 surface layer; 8 compacted layer; 71 upper layer; 72 lower layer; 73 insulation layer; 9 drainage column;
[0022] 91 drainage holes; 10 impermeable layers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] In order to enable people skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this utility model, rather than all the embodiments.
[0024] The core of this application is to provide a roadbed and pavement structure to solve the problem that in some northern regions, the roadbed and pavement are paved in multiple layers, and the drainage effect of the first layer is not ideal. In the cold winter, the roadbed and pavement structure cannot meet the anti-freeze requirements and is easily damaged.
[0025] Figure 1 The roadbed and pavement structure provided by the embodiment of the utility model; Figure 2 A structural diagram of the longitudinal slope and transverse slope provided in an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of the thermal insulation layer provided in an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a drainage column provided by an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the impermeable layer provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.
[0026] like Figure 1-5 As shown, a roadbed and pavement structure includes a crushed stone sand layer 1, a coarse sand layer 2, a graded sand layer 3, a coarse sand filter layer 4, a subbase layer 5, a volcanic slag layer 6 and a surface layer 7;
[0027] The gravel sand layer 1 is mainly composed of crushed gravel with a particle size of 40-60 mm. In the roadbed and pavement structure, it can improve the foundation bearing capacity, reduce settlement, accelerate foundation drainage and consolidation, prevent frost heave, and eliminate the foundation's collapsibility and expansion and contraction. It will also prevent frost heave and accelerate foundation drainage and consolidation.
[0028] The crushed sand layer 1 is laid horizontally under the coarse sand layer 2. The coarse sand layer 2 is made of well-graded, hard medium sand, coarse sand, stone chips, crushed stone, pebbles, etc., with a mud content of less than 2%, which can ensure the compactness and strength of the roadbed.
[0029] As a further solution, the coarse sand layer 2 is provided in two layers, each layer having a thickness of 14-15 cm. This two-layer arrangement increases the road's stability and improves the compaction of the roadbed. During construction, the gravel sand layer 1 and the coarse sand layer 2 are compacted and tightened.
[0030] The crushed sand layer 1 is laid horizontally beneath the coarse sand layer 2. The graded sand layer 3 incorporated into the roadbed and pavement structure provides drainage and frost protection, improving the working conditions of the base and subgrade, and increasing water stability. Furthermore, the particle size distribution within the graded sand layer 3 helps conserve cement, supports and distributes vehicle loads on the road surface, ensures road surface smoothness, and improves the road's bearing capacity.
[0031] The coarse sand filter layer 4 is located above the graded sand layer 3. It removes moisture from the foundation and increases water permeability. The coarse sand filter layer 4 is laid in a vertical and horizontal configuration, beneath the subbase layer 5. This vertical and horizontal configuration, meaning the coarse sand filter layer 4 is laid horizontally and then vertically, increases the stability and water permeability of the roadbed and pavement structure.
[0032] Compacted layers 8 are alternately laid on the base layer 5 and the scoria layer 6. The compacted layers 8 have a bidirectional transverse slope of 0.1% to 0.2% and a bidirectional longitudinal slope of 0.3% to 0.4% along the width of the road surface, so that water in the foundation can be discharged in time.
[0033] As a further solution, the drainage columns 9 are provided with multiple equally spaced drainage holes 91, and the drainage columns 9 are evenly spaced across the road surface. The drainage columns 9, arranged in a matrix pattern across the width of the compacted layer 8, effectively and timely divert water from the roadbed and pavement, allowing it to drain from both the bidirectional transverse and longitudinal slopes.
[0034] As a further solution, a layer of permeable geotextile is laid between the coarse sand layer 2 and the compacted layer 8. As a further solution, the permeable geotextile is 3-4 cm thick. This allows water to drain promptly through the compacted layer 8, preventing water damage to the roadbed and pavement. As a further solution, the compacted layer 8 is 2-5 cm thick.
[0035] As a further embodiment, the surface layer 7 in the roadbed and pavement structure includes an upper layer 71 and a lower layer 72. The upper layer 71 is located above the lower layer 72, and an insulation layer 73 is provided between the lower layer 72 and the upper layer 71. As a further embodiment, the thickness of the insulation layer 73 is 1-2 cm. The insulation layer 73 is made of polystyrene foam board (EPS) or polyurethane foam board (PU).
[0036] Upper layer 72 is capable of bearing and transmitting load pressure. Lower layer 72, located beneath upper layer 71, bears vehicle loads, provides a smooth, wear-resistant driving surface, and protects the underlying structure from the direct effects of weather and vehicles. Both upper layer 71 and lower layer 72 are constructed of waterproof materials, preventing water seepage from the road surface.
[0037] As a further solution, an impermeable layer 10 is provided between the surface layer 7 and the compacted layer 8. The thickness of the impermeable layer 10 is 1-3 cm, and the impermeable layer 10 is a watertight geomembrane. The impermeable layer 10 prevents water from the compacted layer 8 from entering the surface layer 7 from the bottom up. In the roadbed and pavement provided in this application, the coarse sand layer 2 has a porosity of 20%. The scoria layer 6 is composed of scoria mixed with fine-grained clay, with a thickness of 12.5 cm and a porosity of 15%. The subbase layer 5 is composed of scoria mixed with gravel and river sand, with a thickness of 15 cm and a porosity of 23%-24%. The bottom thickness of the surface layer 7 is 3.5 cm.
[0038] Compared with the prior art, the scheme adopted in the present application includes a gravel sand layer 1, a coarse sand layer 2, a graded sand layer 3, a coarse sand filter layer 4, a subbase layer 5, a volcanic slag layer 6 and a surface layer 7; wherein the gravel sand layer 1 is horizontally laid on the lower layer of the coarse sand layer 2, wherein the coarse sand filter layer 4 is located on the upper layer of the graded sand layer 3, and the coarse sand filter layer 4 is laid in a vertical and horizontal structure layer on the lower layer of the subbase layer 5, and the subbase layer 5 and the volcanic slag layer 6 are alternately laid flat to form a compacted layer 8, and the compacted layer 8 has a bidirectional transverse slope 81 with a slope of 0.1% to 0.2% and a bidirectional longitudinal slope 82 with a slope of 0.3% to 0.4% along the width direction of the road surface, and drainage columns 9 are distributed in a matrix at intervals in the compacted layer 8 along the width direction of the road surface; the surface layer 7 includes an upper layer 71 and a lower layer 72, the upper layer 71 is located on the upper layer 72, and an insulation layer 73 is arranged between the lower layer 72 and the upper layer 71.
[0039] In this scheme, the arrangement of a crushed sand layer 1, a coarse sand layer 2, a graded sand layer 3, and a coarse sand filter layer 4 enhances the drainage performance of the road's strata. The scoria layer 6, mixed with other common materials, improves the mix ratio, meeting the strength requirements of the road and providing a high degree of gradation and ease of compaction, significantly reducing construction costs. Furthermore, the bidirectional transverse slope of 0.1% to 0.2% and the bidirectional longitudinal slope of 0.3% to 0.4%, along with the drainage columns 9, effectively and promptly drain any accumulated water from the road, preventing damage caused by waterlogging.
[0040] The insulation layer 73 provided on the upper road surface prevents adverse effects on the road surface in the morning when temperatures are low. This solves the problem in some northern regions where existing roadbeds and pavements are constructed in a multi-layered, flat structure, resulting in poor drainage on the first layer. This can prevent freezing during cold winter months, and can easily lead to damage to the roadbed and pavement structures.
[0041] In the description of the application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate the levels or positional relationships based on the levels or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific level, be constructed and operated in a specific level, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second" and the like may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.
[0042] Other implementations of the present invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art after considering the specification and practicing the applications disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present invention that follow the general principles of this application and incorporate common knowledge or customary techniques in the art disclosed herein. The description and examples are to be considered merely as exemplary, and the true scope of this application is indicated by the claims.
[0043] It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope thereof. The above implementation of the present application does not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application.
Claims
1. A roadbed and pavement structure, characterized in that: It includes a crushed sand layer (1), a coarse sand layer (2), a graded sand layer (3), a coarse sand filter layer (4), a subbase layer (5), a volcanic slag layer (6) and a surface layer (7); The crushed sand layer (1) is horizontally laid on the lower layer of the coarse sand layer (2), and the coarse sand filter layer (4) is located on the upper layer of the graded sand layer (3); The coarse sand filter layer (4) is laid in a vertical and horizontal structure layer on the lower layer of the base layer (5); The subbase (5) and the scoria layer (6) are alternately laid flat to form a compacted layer (8), and the compacted layer (8) has a bidirectional transverse slope (81) with a slope of 0.1% to 0.2% and a bidirectional longitudinal slope (82) with a slope of 0.3% to 0.4% along the width direction of the road surface; Drainage columns (9) are distributed in a matrix pattern at intervals along the width direction of the road surface in the compacted layer (8); The surface layer (7) comprises an upper layer (71) and a lower layer (72), the upper layer (71) is located above the lower layer (72), and a heat-insulating layer (73) is provided between the lower layer (72) and the upper layer (71); It also includes a watertight layer (10) provided between the surface layer (7) and the compacted layer (8), wherein the thickness of the watertight layer (10) is 1-3 cm, and the watertight layer (10) is a watertight geomembrane; A layer of permeable geotextile is laid between the coarse sand layer (2) and the compacted layer (8).
2. A roadbed and pavement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage column (9) is provided with a plurality of drainage holes (91) arranged at equal intervals, and the drainage column (9) is evenly arranged in the transverse direction.
3. A roadbed and pavement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coarse sand layer (2) is provided in two layers, and the thickness of each layer is 14-15 cm.
4. A roadbed and pavement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the permeable geotextile is 3-4cm.
5. A roadbed and pavement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the compacted layer (8) is 2-5 cm.
6. A roadbed and pavement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the thermal insulation layer (73) is 1-2 cm.