Fault dislocation test device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fault dislocation testing device which comprises a vibration table, a model box is arranged on the vibration table, an inclined sliding rail is arranged on the inner wall of the model box, a first soil body containing space and a second soil body containing space which are communicated with each other are arranged in the model box, and a dislocation disc in sliding fit with the inclined sliding rail is arranged in the first soil body containing space. An inflation expansion mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the dislocation disc and used for pushing the dislocation disc to slide along the oblique sliding rail, so that the soil body on the dislocation disc ascends and descends relative to the soil body in the second soil body containing space, and the fault dislocation effect is achieved. According to the utility model, the dislocation of a normal fault and a reverse fault at a certain distance during vibration can be well simulated, and the problem that the dislocation of a fault in a cross-fault slope during vibration cannot be simulated in a conventional slope seismic oscillation response vibration table test is solved. The structure is simple, and a new solution is provided for fault vibration research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, and particularly relates to a fault dislocation test device. Background Art

[0002] Strong earthquakes not only trigger numerous coseismic geological hazards but also often cause loosening and cracking of mountainous terrain, leading to a delayed chain reaction of landslides and debris flows. During an earthquake, the slope's response to ground motion determines the formation of coseismic landslides. Previous studies have shown that topography has a significant amplifying effect on ground motion. For example, elevation effects, surface effects, and input wave types significantly influence the acceleration response of slope models. Furthermore, the slope's ground motion response is related to the seismogenic fault, slope structure, and rock mass structure. Different seismogenic fault types and slope structure combinations, such as forward slopes, transverse slopes, and reverse slopes, significantly vary in the refraction and projection of seismic waves, resulting in distinct response characteristics. Seismic waves also exhibit different acceleration responses due to variations in the damping coefficient when passing through different lithologic and stratum combinations.

[0003] Fault simulation tests fail to combine fault motion with seismic wave input. Traditional fault tests fall into two categories: one applies internal stress to the soil through horizontal mechanical compression, causing it to shift along the fault, thereby simulating the initiation mechanism of a seismogenic fault; the other involves placing a slope model in a model box and performing shaking table tests to simulate seismic wave input and study the acceleration response. These two testing methods independently examine fault motion and vibration, lacking effective methods to combine the two. This poses certain limitations for fault vibration research. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a fault dislocation test device for solving the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions: a fault dislocation test device, including a vibration table, a model box is provided on the vibration table, the inner wall of the model box is provided with an inclined slide rail, a first soil accommodating space and a second soil accommodating space are provided inside the model box, the first soil accommodating space is provided with a dislocation disk that slides with the inclined slide rail, and an inflation mechanism is provided at the bottom of the dislocation disk, which is used to push the dislocation disk to slide along the inclined slide rail, so that the soil on the dislocation disk can be lifted and lowered relative to the soil in the second soil accommodating space to achieve the fault dislocation effect.

[0006] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, the inflation mechanism includes a lifting air cushion, which is arranged at the bottom of the staggered plate and is connected to an air supply device.

[0007] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, the air supply device includes a high-pressure gas cylinder, which is provided with a gas cylinder valve. A high-pressure hose is connected between the high-pressure gas cylinder and the lifting air cushion, and the high-pressure hose is provided with a pressure reducer and a control valve.

[0008] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, the high-pressure hose and the lifting air cushion are connected via a quick connector.

[0009] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, the lifting air cushion includes multiple air cushion units, and each air cushion unit is connected to an air supply device.

[0010] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, the air cushion units are arranged side by side or overlapping.

[0011] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, both outer walls of the shifting disk are provided with sliders, and both inner walls of the model box are provided with inclined slide rails adapted to the sliders.

[0012] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, a retaining plate is provided between the first soil accommodating space and the second soil accommodating space, and a guide inclined surface is provided on the retaining plate for sliding cooperation with the displaced disk, and the guide inclined surface is parallel to the inclined slide rail.

[0013] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, the shift plate includes a bottom plate, a left side plate, a right side plate and a rear side plate, the left side plate and the right side plate are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the bottom plate, the rear side plate is arranged on the rear side of the bottom plate, the retaining plate is located on the front side of the bottom plate, and the guide slope of the retaining plate is slidably matched with the bottom plate.

[0014] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, the model box includes a rectangular frame, which is fixed on the vibration table. A transparent baffle and a slide rail baffle are provided in the side cavity of the rectangular frame, and the oblique slide rail is installed on the slide rail baffle.

[0015] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, a reinforcing triangular brace is provided between the rectangular frame and the vibration table; and a hanging ring is provided on the top of the rectangular frame.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0017] This utility model addresses the problem that existing indoor model tests are unable to simulate how faults shift during vibration. By proposing a test device that can simulate fault shift on cross-fault slopes, the device can conduct both conventional slope seismic response shaking table tests and fault shift tests. It can effectively simulate the shift of normal and reverse faults over a certain distance during vibration, resolving the problem of fault shift on cross-fault slopes that cannot be simulated in conventional slope seismic response shaking table tests. The utility model has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and is simple to implement, providing a new solution for fault vibration research. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a fault dislocation test device in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of an oblique slide rail and a slider in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of an inflation mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a staggered disk in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a model box in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 1-vibration table; 2-model box; 3-inclined slide rail; 4-staggered plate; 5-lifting air cushion; 6-air supply device; 7-high-pressure gas cylinder; 8-gas cylinder valve; 9-high-pressure hose; 10-pressure reducer; 11-control valve; 12-quick connector; 13-slider; 14-soil retaining plate; 15-bottom plate; 16-left side plate; 17-right side plate; 18-rear side plate; 19-rectangular frame; 20-transparent baffle; 21-slide rail baffle; 22-reinforced triangular support; 23-lifting ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a fault displacement test device, including a vibration table 1, on which a model box 2 is provided. The vibration table 1 has a vibration function, which can input seismic waves to the model box 2 step by step according to the seismic motion scheme, so that the model box 2 generates seismic motion. The inner wall of the model box 2 is provided with an inclined slide rail 3, and the interior of the model box 2 is provided with a first soil accommodating space and a second soil accommodating space that are interconnected. The first soil accommodating space is provided with a displacement plate 4 that slides with the inclined slide rail 3. Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, both outer walls of the shifting plate 4 are provided with sliders 13 , and both inner walls of the mold box 2 are provided with inclined slide rails 3 adapted to the sliders 13 .

[0025] Based on the slope prototype, the physical model dimensions and similar material ratios are determined according to a similarity ratio. The similar materials are then mixed evenly according to the similarity ratio. The soil material is then compacted layer by layer within the model box 2 by controlling density to create a soil model. Part of the soil model is located on the shift plate 4 in the first soil-holding space, while the other part is located in the second soil-holding space. These two parts combine to form the soil model. The shift plate 4 can slide along the inclined slide rail 3, allowing the soil on the shift plate 4 to slide relative to the soil in the second soil-holding space, creating a fault effect.

[0026] The bottom of the shift plate 4 is equipped with an inflation mechanism that pushes the shift plate 4 to slide along the inclined slide rail 3, causing the soil on the shift plate 4 to rise and fall relative to the soil in the second soil storage space to achieve a fault displacement effect. The inflation mechanism has an inflation function that can drive the shift plate 4 to rise and fall, and combined with the vibration function of the vibration table 1, a fault displacement test can be performed.

[0027] During the specific test process, the vibration table 1 inputs seismic waves to the model box 2 step by step according to the seismic motion scheme. At a certain stage of the seismic motion input, the inflation mechanism is started to inflate it. The inflation mechanism pushes the dislocation disk 4 to slide upward along the inclined slide rail 3, so that the soil on the dislocation disk 4 rises parallel to the soil in the second soil accommodating space to achieve the fault dislocation effect; when the dislocation disk 4 rises to the required test position, the inflation mechanism is closed, and the vibration table 1 continues to input seismic waves to the model box 2 step by step.

[0028] This utility model addresses the problem that existing indoor model tests are unable to simulate how faults shift during vibration. By proposing a test device that can simulate fault shift on cross-fault slopes, the device can conduct both conventional slope seismic response shaking table tests and fault shift tests. It can effectively simulate the shift of normal and reverse faults over a certain distance during vibration, resolving the problem of fault shift on cross-fault slopes that cannot be simulated in conventional slope seismic response shaking table tests. The utility model has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and is simple to implement, providing a new solution for fault vibration research.

[0029] like Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the inflation mechanism includes a lifting air cushion 5, which is arranged at the bottom of the offset disk 4, and the lifting air cushion 5 is connected to an air supply device 6. The lifting air cushion 5 is laid at the bottom of the model box 2, and the offset disk 4 is located on the top of the lifting air cushion 5. The air supply device 6 supplies air to the lifting air cushion 5. When the lifting air cushion 5 is inflated, the lifting air cushion 5 expands rapidly, thereby pushing the offset disk 4 to slide obliquely upward. Among them, the air supply device 6 includes a high-pressure gas cylinder 7, and the high-pressure gas cylinder 7 is provided with a gas cylinder valve 8. A high-pressure hose 9 is connected between the high-pressure gas cylinder 7 and the lifting air cushion 5, and a pressure reducer 10 and a control valve 11 are provided on the high-pressure hose 9. In order to improve the convenience of operation, the high-pressure hose 9 is connected to the lifting air cushion 5 by a quick connector 12. The lifting air cushion 5 is located below the staggered disk 4. Open the gas cylinder valve 8 of the high-pressure gas cylinder 7, and rotate the control valve 11 to allow gas to fill the lifting air cushion 5. The lifting air cushion 5 expands and pushes the staggered disk 4 upward to slide along the inclined slide rail 3 to achieve a fault stagger effect.

[0030] The working principle of the lifting air cushion 5 is to lift by the volume expansion generated after inflation, and the heavy object will be slowly lifted by inflating it through the pressure reducing valve and the high-pressure hose 9. According to the specific situation, multiple lifting air cushions 5 can be overlapped and used to meet the lifting height requirement.

[0031] According to the weight of the test model and the distance of the fault displacement, the lifting cushion 5 model can be selected according to the specifications, as shown in the following table.

[0032]

[0033]

[0034] The utility model utilizes the lifting air cushion 5 to push the staggered plate 4 up and down, and has the following characteristics:

[0035] ①Fast lifting speed: lifting only takes 20 seconds;

[0036] ②Easy to use: can be used in any tilt position;

[0037] ③Safe and reliable: All lifting air cushions 5 have undergone overpressure tests;

[0038] ④ There is no noise or collision during lifting, and the lifting height can be accurately adjusted.

[0039] In one embodiment, the lifting air cushion 5 includes multiple air cushion units, each of which is connected to the air supply device 6. The air cushion units are arranged side by side or overlapping, which can achieve accurate control of the lifting height of the dislocation plate 4, which is conducive to precise control of the width of the fault dislocation zone.

[0040] like Figure 1As shown, in one embodiment, a retaining plate 14 is provided between the first soil accommodating space and the second soil accommodating space. The retaining plate 14 is provided with a guide ramp that slidably engages with the shifting plate 4. The guide ramp is parallel to the inclined slide rail 3. When the shifting plate 4 is raised or lowered, one end of the shifting plate 4 slides with the guide ramp. The retaining plate 14 prevents the soil overlying the shifting plate 4 from collapsing during the sliding process, thereby improving test accuracy.

[0041] like Figure 4 As shown, specifically, the shift plate 4 includes a bottom plate 15, a left side plate 16, a right side plate 17, and a rear side plate 18. The left side plate 16 and the right side plate 17 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the bottom plate 15, and the rear side plate 18 is arranged on the rear side of the bottom plate 15. The retaining plate 14 is located in front of the bottom plate 15, and the guide slope of the retaining plate 14 is slidably engaged with the bottom plate 15. The left side plate 16 and the right side plate 17 are both L-shaped, and the left side plate 16, the right side plate 17, and the rear side plate 18 are all fixedly connected to the bottom plate 15. The outer walls of the left side plate 16 and the right side plate 17 are each provided with a slider 13 to realize the lifting function of the shift plate 4. In addition, the left side plate 16, the right side plate 17, the rear side plate 18, and the retaining plate 14 have a blocking function for the soil on the bottom plate 15, which can effectively prevent the soil on the bottom plate 15 from collapsing during the sliding of the shift plate 4.

[0042] like Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment, the model box 2 includes a rectangular frame 19, and the rectangular frame 19 is fixed on the vibration table 1. A reinforcing triangular support 22 is provided between the rectangular frame 19 and the vibration table 1 to improve the connection stability between the rectangular frame 19 and the vibration table 1. A lifting ring 23 is provided on the top of the rectangular frame 19 to facilitate the lifting and movement of the entire test device. A transparent baffle 20 and a slide rail baffle 21 are provided in the side cavity of the rectangular frame 19, and the oblique slide rail 3 is installed on the slide rail baffle 21. The transparent baffle 20 is made of acrylic plate, which is a transparent material, which is convenient for observing the fault dislocation of the soil in the model box 2.

[0043] It should be noted that the size of the model box 2, the inclination angle of the inclined slide rail 3, the length of the inclined slide rail 3 (fault displacement height), the lifting air cushion 5 with different lifting qualities, etc. in the present invention can be adjusted according to experimental requirements, and the present invention does not limit this.

[0044] This embodiment also provides a fault dislocation test method, which uses the above-mentioned fault dislocation test device and includes the following steps:

[0045] S1. Select the slope prototype and determine its physical model size and similar material ratio according to the similarity ratio;

[0046] S2. Mix similar materials in a similar ratio and compact the materials layer by layer by controlling the density to obtain a soil model;

[0047] S3. burying detection sensors in the soil model. The detection sensors are connected to the data acquisition system. The detection sensors are buried by drilling holes after the soil model is piled up and the holes are backfilled, or the detection sensors are buried while the soil model is piled up.

[0048] S4. Prepare for the test and debug the sensor signal;

[0049] S5. Seismic waves are input step by step into the model box 2 through the vibration table 1 according to the seismic motion scheme, and the signals of the detection sensors are collected. At a certain stage of the seismic motion input, the control valve 11 is opened to inflate the lifting air cushion 5. The lifting air cushion 5 quickly pushes the dislocation plate 4 to slide along the inclined slide rail 3, causing the soil on the dislocation plate 4 to move obliquely upward relative to the soil in the second soil accommodating space to achieve the fault dislocation effect. When the dislocation plate 4 rises to the required test position, the control valve 11 is closed, the dislocation plate 4 stops rising, and the vibration table 1 continues to apply seismic motion to the model box 2 step by step. By controlling the rising height of the dislocation plate 4, the function of controlling the width of the fault dislocation zone can be achieved.

[0050] The utility model adds a set of fault dislocation equipment on the basis of the conventional vibration table 1 test model box 2, establishes a fault dislocation test with clear principle and convenient operation, fills the gap in the fault dislocation simulation test in the vibration table 1 test, and the device can better simulate the dislocation of normal faults and reverse faults over a certain distance during vibration, providing more reasonable technical and theoretical support for the influence of earthquake motion on slopes.

[0051] In the description of the present utility model, the terms "install", "connect", "connect", "fix" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and can be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood. In addition, the specific features, structures, etc. described in the embodiment are included in at least one embodiment. Under the condition that there is no contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine the features of different embodiments. The scope of protection of the present utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments. According to the basic technical concept of the present utility model, the embodiments that can be associated with by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work all fall within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A fault dislocation test device, comprising a vibration table (1), wherein a model box (2) is provided on the vibration table (1), characterized in that: The inner wall of the model box (2) is provided with an inclined slide rail (3), and the interior of the model box (2) is provided with a first soil accommodating space and a second soil accommodating space that are interconnected. The first soil accommodating space is provided with a dislocation plate (4) that is slidably matched with the inclined slide rail (3), and the bottom of the dislocation plate (4) is provided with an inflation mechanism, which is used to push the dislocation plate (4) to slide along the inclined slide rail (3), so that the soil on the dislocation plate (4) moves up and down relative to the soil in the second soil accommodating space to achieve a fault dislocation effect.

2. The fault displacement test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inflation mechanism comprises a lifting air cushion (5), which is arranged at the bottom of the shifting plate (4), and the lifting air cushion (5) is connected to an air supply device (6).

3. The fault displacement test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas supply device (6) comprises a high-pressure gas cylinder (7), the high-pressure gas cylinder (7) is provided with a gas cylinder valve (8), a high-pressure hose (9) is connected between the high-pressure gas cylinder (7) and the lifting air cushion (5), and the high-pressure hose (9) is provided with a pressure reducer (10) and a control valve (11); the high-pressure hose (9) and the lifting air cushion (5) are connected via a quick connector (12).

4. The fault displacement test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting air cushion (5) comprises a plurality of air cushion units, and each air cushion unit is connected to an air supply device (6).

5. The fault displacement test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air cushion units are arranged side by side or overlapped.

6. The fault displacement test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A retaining plate (14) is provided between the first soil accommodating space and the second soil accommodating space. The retaining plate (14) is provided with a guide inclined surface that is slidably matched with the shifting plate (4). The guide inclined surface and the inclined slide rail (3) are parallel to each other.

7. The fault displacement test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The staggered plate (4) comprises a bottom plate (15), a left side plate (16), a right side plate (17) and a rear side plate (18); the left side plate (16) and the right side plate (17) are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the bottom plate (15); the rear side plate (18) is arranged on the rear side of the bottom plate (15); the retaining plate (14) is located on the front side of the bottom plate (15), and the guide inclined surface of the retaining plate (14) is slidably matched with the bottom plate (15).

8. The fault displacement test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The model box (2) comprises a rectangular frame (19), which is fixed on the vibration table (1). A transparent baffle (20) and a slide rail baffle (21) are provided in a side cavity of the rectangular frame (19), and the oblique slide rail (3) is mounted on the slide rail baffle (21).

9. The fault displacement test device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A reinforcing triangular support (22) is provided between the rectangular frame (19) and the vibration table (1).

10. The fault displacement test device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A hanging ring (23) is provided on the top of the rectangular frame (19).

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