Energy storage device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of battery energy storage, and discloses an energy storage device, which comprises a battery unit, a detection unit, a switching circuit, a temperature load unit and a control unit, the battery unit comprises a plurality of stacked battery cells; the detection unit is connected with each battery cell and is used for detecting the specified physical quantity of each battery cell; the number of the switch circuits is multiple, and each battery cell is connected with the temperature load unit through one switch circuit. And the control unit is respectively connected with the detection unit and each switching circuit. When the controller detects that a certain battery cell is subjected to thermal runaway or is about to be subjected to thermal runaway, the battery cell adjacent to the battery cell can be controlled to quickly supply power to the temperature load unit, so that the working efficiency of the temperature load unit is improved, the battery cells are further quickly discharged, the discharged electric quantity can be fully utilized by the temperature load unit, and the service life of the battery cell is prolonged. And electric quantity waste is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of battery energy storage, in particular to an energy storage device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy industry, energy storage devices such as small energy storage cabinets have been widely used in the market. Compared with large energy storage cabins, small energy storage cabinets are compact and flexible in combination, offering significant advantages in industrial, commercial, and distributed energy storage applications. However, due to their compact structure, when a battery cell in the energy storage cabinet experiences thermal runaway, it can easily trigger a chain reaction between batteries, causing the thermal runaway to rapidly spread. Thermal runaway is usually caused by the spread of heat after a single cell in the battery cell experiences thermal runaway. Therefore, how to ensure that adjacent cells are not affected by thermal spread, or to minimize the impact of thermal runaway, has become an important problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0003] Currently, the existing technical solution to address thermal runaway in battery systems is to connect each battery cell to a load circuit. When thermal runaway occurs, the adjacent cells are controlled to rapidly discharge to the load, reducing the charge in the adjacent cells and thus rapidly slowing the spread of thermal runaway. However, this solution has significant drawbacks. First, connecting each battery cell to a load makes the circuit relatively complex. Second, the load is generally a resistive circuit, and the rapidly discharged energy cannot be effectively utilized, resulting in energy waste.

[0004] Given this, a technical solution is urgently needed that can quickly reduce the rate of heat spread in energy storage devices and effectively utilize the discharged energy to meet market demand and improve the safety and reliability of energy storage devices. Solving this technical problem is of great significance to promoting the development of the new energy industry. Utility Model Content

[0005] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide an energy storage device, which aims to solve the technical problem that when the energy storage device controls the rapid discharge of the battery cell in order to reduce the heat spread rate, the power is wasted.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present application provides an energy storage device, including a battery unit, a detection unit, a switching circuit, a temperature load unit and a control unit;

[0007] The battery unit comprises a plurality of stacked battery cells;

[0008] The detection unit is connected to each battery cell and is used to detect a specified physical quantity of each battery cell;

[0009] The temperature load unit is used for cooling or heating;

[0010] There are multiple switch circuits, and each battery cell is connected to the temperature load unit through one switch circuit;

[0011] The control unit is connected to the detection unit and each switch circuit respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, the detection unit includes one or more of a temperature sensor, a voltage sensor and a current sensor.

[0013] Furthermore, the switching circuit includes an electromagnetic relay.

[0014] Furthermore, the switching circuit includes an IC controller.

[0015] Furthermore, the temperature load unit includes a liquid cooling circulation system, which includes a pump body, a refrigeration device, and a pipe connecting the pump body and the refrigeration device. The pump body is used to control the flow rate of the coolant in the liquid cooling circulation system, and the refrigeration device is used to reduce the temperature of the coolant.

[0016] Furthermore, each battery cell is connected to the pump body through a switch circuit.

[0017] Furthermore, each battery cell is connected to the refrigeration device via a switch circuit.

[0018] Furthermore, each battery cell is connected to the pump body and the refrigeration device simultaneously through a switching circuit.

[0019] Furthermore, the temperature load unit is an electric heating device.

[0020] Furthermore, the electric heating device is an electric hair dryer, which includes a blower and a heating wire, and the blower and the heating wire are respectively connected to the switch circuit.

[0021] Beneficial effects:

[0022] The energy storage device of the present invention can control the battery cells adjacent to the battery cell to quickly supply power to the temperature load unit when the controller detects that the battery cell has thermal runaway or is about to thermal runaway, so that the temperature load unit can improve the working efficiency and further discharge the battery cells quickly. The discharged electricity can be fully utilized by the temperature load unit to prevent electricity from being wasted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a battery system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] in:

[0025] 1-battery unit; 11-battery cell; 12-switch unit; 2-temperature load unit; 3-control unit.

[0026] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like, indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the said features. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0029] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to mechanical connections, direct connections, or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; they may refer to internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on specific circumstances.

[0030] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0031] Reference Figure 1The present application provides an energy storage device, including a battery unit 1, a detection unit 2, a switching circuit 3, a temperature load unit 4 and a control unit 5; the battery unit 1 includes a plurality of stacked battery cells 11; the detection unit 2 is connected to each battery cell 11 and is used to detect a specified physical quantity of each battery cell 11; the temperature load unit 4 is used for cooling or heating; there are multiple switching circuits 3, and each battery cell 11 is connected to the temperature load unit 4 through a switching circuit 3; the control unit 5 is respectively connected to the detection unit 2 and each switching circuit 3.

[0032] The battery unit 1 is the core part of the energy storage device and is composed of multiple battery cells 11. These battery cells 11 are tightly arranged in a stacked manner and connected in series or parallel to meet different voltage and capacity requirements. The detection unit 2 is connected to each battery cell 11. It can include various sensors, such as temperature sensors, voltage sensors, and current sensors, etc., which are used to monitor the temperature, voltage, current and other specified physical quantities of the battery cell 11 in real time. Changes in these physical quantities can reflect the working status and health status of the battery cell 11. The number of switching circuits 3 is the same as the number of battery cells 11, and each battery cell 11 is connected to the temperature load unit 4 through an independent switching circuit 3. The switching circuit 3 can be opened or closed according to the instructions of the control unit 5, thereby controlling the circuit connection between the battery cell 11 and the temperature load unit 4. The temperature load unit 4 can be a liquid cooling circulation system or an electric hair dryer, etc., which can be used for cooling or heating according to demand; the control unit 5 is the brain of the energy storage device. It receives the physical quantity information fed back by the detection unit 2 and determines whether the battery cell 11 has thermal runaway according to the preset algorithm and logic. The algorithm and logic for determining whether the battery cell 11 has thermal runaway can be any method in the prior art and are not specifically limited in this embodiment. If the judgment is yes, the control unit 5 will control the switch circuit 3 corresponding to the battery cell 11 adjacent to the battery cell 11 to close, so that the adjacent battery cell 11 can supply power to the temperature load unit 4 to quickly consume the power of the adjacent battery cell 11, thereby effectively avoiding the occurrence and spread of thermal runaway of the adjacent battery cell 11.

[0033] The energy storage device can achieve comprehensive monitoring and control of the battery cells 11. By detecting the physical quantities of the battery cells 11 in real time, potential problems can be discovered in a timely manner and corresponding measures can be taken to effectively avoid the occurrence and spread of thermal runaway, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the energy storage device.

[0034] In one embodiment, the detection unit 2 includes one or more of a temperature sensor, a voltage sensor, and a current sensor.

[0035] The temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature of the battery cell 11. It can monitor the surface temperature or internal temperature of the battery cell 11 in real time. When the temperature exceeds the set threshold, it will promptly issue an alarm to the control unit 5. The voltage sensor is used to detect the voltage of the battery cell 11. It can monitor the charging and discharging status of the battery cell 11 to ensure that the voltage of the battery cell 11 is within a safe range. The current sensor is used to monitor the current of the battery cell 11. It can detect the charging and discharging current of the battery cell 11 to prevent damage to the battery cell 11 due to excessive or insufficient current. These sensors can be used alone or in combination to provide more comprehensive information on the status of the battery cell 11. For example, by using a temperature sensor, a voltage sensor, and a current sensor at the same time, the temperature, voltage, and current changes of the battery cell 11 can be monitored in real time, thereby more accurately determining whether the battery cell 11 has experienced thermal runaway.

[0036] By using these sensors, key physical quantities such as the temperature, voltage, and current of the battery cell 11 can be accurately detected, allowing for timely detection of abnormal conditions in the battery cell 11, such as excessive temperature, unstable voltage, or excessive current. This provides a basis for the control unit 5 to take appropriate protective measures, thereby helping to improve the stability and reliability of the energy storage device.

[0037] In one embodiment, the switching circuit 3 includes an electromagnetic relay.

[0038] An electromagnetic relay is a commonly used switching element, which consists of a coil, an armature and contacts. The coil is connected to the control unit 5. When the control unit 5 gives the coil an energizing signal, the coil will generate a magnetic field, attracting the armature to move, so that the armature contacts the contacts, thereby closing the circuit. When the control unit 5 stops the energizing signal, the coil magnetic field disappears, the armature resets under the action of the spring, the contacts are disconnected, and the circuit is disconnected. Electromagnetic relays have the advantages of fast response and high reliability, and can accurately realize the on-off control of the circuit according to the instructions of the control unit 5. In the energy storage device, each battery cell 11 is connected to the temperature load unit 4 through an electromagnetic relay. When the control unit 5 determines that a battery cell 11 has thermal runaway or is about to have thermal runaway, it will control the electromagnetic relay corresponding to the battery cell 11 adjacent to the battery cell 11 to close, so that the adjacent battery cell 11 can supply power to the temperature load unit 4, thereby realizing the control of the temperature of the battery cell 11.

[0039] The use of the electromagnetic relay can ensure the reliable operation of the switching circuit 3 and accurately realize the on-off control of the circuit, thereby ensuring that the energy storage device can take timely measures when dealing with abnormal situations such as thermal runaway, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the energy storage device.

[0040] In one embodiment, the switching circuit 3 includes an IC controller.

[0041] The IC controller is a highly integrated electronic controller, which includes a control chip 3, an input interface 3 and an output interface 3. The input interface 3 is connected to the control unit 5 and receives instructions from the control unit 5. The control chip 3 controls the output interface 3 according to the instructions to realize the on-off operation of the switch circuit 3, thereby controlling the connection between the battery cell 11 and the temperature load unit 4. The IC controller has the advantages of high control accuracy and fast response speed. It can accurately control the on-off of the switch circuit 3 to ensure the stable performance of the energy storage device. In the energy storage device, the IC controller can be used in conjunction with an electromagnetic relay, or alone as a switch circuit 3 to achieve precise control of the circuit between the battery cell 11 and the temperature load unit 4 according to actual needs.

[0042] The use of the IC controller can improve the control accuracy and response speed of the switch circuit 3, further improve the performance and stability of the energy storage device, and ensure that the energy storage device can operate reliably under various working conditions.

[0043] In one embodiment, the temperature load unit 4 includes a liquid cooling circulation system, which includes a pump body, a refrigeration device, and a pipe connecting the pump body and the refrigeration device. The pump body is used to control the flow rate of the coolant in the liquid cooling circulation system, and the refrigeration device is used to reduce the temperature of the coolant.

[0044] The liquid cooling circulation system is an efficient temperature control method. It absorbs and removes the heat generated by the battery cells 11 through the circulation of the coolant. The pump body is the power source of the liquid cooling circulation system. It transports the coolant to various parts that need heat dissipation through pipes. After the coolant absorbs the heat generated by the battery cells 11, it returns to the refrigeration device for cooling. The refrigeration device controls the temperature of the battery cells 11 by lowering the temperature of the coolant so that it can continuously and effectively absorb the heat of the battery cells 11. The pipe connects the pump body and the refrigeration device to form a closed circulation loop, ensuring that the coolant can circulate continuously in the system. In the energy storage device, each battery cell 11 is connected to the liquid cooling circulation system through a switch circuit 3. When a battery cell 11 has thermal runaway or is about to have thermal runaway, the control unit 5 will control the switch circuit 3 corresponding to the adjacent battery cell 11 to close, so that the adjacent battery cell 11 can supply power to the pump body and the refrigeration device, thereby improving the working efficiency of the liquid cooling circulation system and quickly reducing the temperature of the battery cell 11.

[0045] The liquid cooling system efficiently reduces the temperature of the battery cells 11, effectively preventing thermal runaway and improving the heat dissipation efficiency and service life of the energy storage device. Its simple and reliable operating principle provides stable temperature control for the energy storage device, ensuring safe and reliable operation.

[0046] In one embodiment, each battery cell 11 is connected to the pump body via a switch circuit 3 .

[0047] In the energy storage device, each battery cell 11 is connected to the pump body through an independent switching circuit 3. When a battery cell 11 experiences or is about to experience thermal runaway, the control unit 5 controls the switching circuit 3 corresponding to the battery cell 11 adjacent to the battery cell 11 to close, so that the adjacent battery cell 11 can supply power to the pump body. After obtaining the additional electrical energy provided by the battery cell, the pump body increases its operating power and speeds up the flow of coolant in the pipeline, thereby enhancing the heat dissipation effect. In this way, the electrical energy of the adjacent battery cells 11 can be quickly converted into power for the pump body, improving the heat dissipation efficiency and effectively reducing the risk of thermal runaway.

[0048] By connecting each battery cell 11 to the pump body, the heat dissipation capacity of the liquid cooling circulation system can be rapidly improved in the event of thermal runaway, effectively reducing the temperature of the battery cells 11 and protecting the safety of the energy storage device. At the same time, this design can fully utilize the power of adjacent battery cells 11, improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0049] In one embodiment, each battery cell 11 is connected to the refrigeration device via a switch circuit 3 .

[0050] Each battery cell 11 is connected to the refrigeration device via a switching circuit 3. When a battery cell 11 experiences thermal runaway or is judged to be about to experience thermal runaway, the control unit 5 controls the corresponding switching circuit 3 of the adjacent battery cell 11 to close, allowing the power of the adjacent battery cell 11 to be supplied to the refrigeration device. With the additional power, the refrigeration device increases its power, accelerating the rate at which the coolant temperature is lowered, further improving the heat dissipation effect. The refrigeration device can use various cooling technologies, such as compressor refrigeration and semiconductor refrigeration, to meet different heat dissipation requirements.

[0051] By connecting each battery cell 11 to a refrigeration device, the coolant temperature can be quickly reduced when thermal runaway occurs, enhancing the cooling effect on the battery cells 11, effectively preventing the spread of thermal runaway and improving the safety of the energy storage device. Furthermore, the refrigeration device can fully utilize the electrical energy of adjacent battery cells 11, improving energy utilization efficiency and reducing system energy consumption.

[0052] In one embodiment, each battery cell 11 is connected to the pump body and the refrigeration device simultaneously through the switch circuit 3 .

[0053] When a battery cell 11 experiences thermal runaway or is judged to be about to do so, the switch circuit 3 of the adjacent battery cell 11 closes, simultaneously supplying power to the pump and refrigeration unit. The pump accelerates the flow of coolant, allowing it to more quickly absorb the heat generated by the battery cells 11; the refrigeration unit lowers the coolant's temperature, allowing it to absorb heat more efficiently. These two functions work together to accelerate power consumption in adjacent battery cells 11 and improve heat dissipation efficiency.

[0054] This collaborative working mode can maximize the heat dissipation capacity of the liquid cooling circulation system, quickly reduce the temperature of the battery cell 11, and consume the power of the battery cell 11 adjacent to the battery cell 11 experiencing thermal runaway, thereby achieving rational use of energy.

[0055] In one embodiment, the temperature load unit 4 is an electric heating device.

[0056] The function of the electric heating device is to provide heat to the external environment of the energy storage device when the ambient temperature is low. The electric heating device can use various heating methods, such as resistance heating and electromagnetic heating. In the energy storage device, the electric heating device is connected to the control unit 5, which controls the operating state of the electric heating device based on the ambient temperature information fed back by the detection unit 2. When the ambient temperature falls below a set threshold, if the temperature load unit 4 is a liquid cooling circulation system and an electric heating device, the control unit 5 will activate the electric heating device.

[0057] The electric heating device can effectively increase the temperature outside the energy storage device, and at the same time, can fully utilize the electric energy of the battery core 11 that needs to be discharged to avoid energy waste.

[0058] In one embodiment, the electric heating device is an electric hair dryer, which includes a blower and a heating wire, and the blower and the heating wire are respectively connected to the switch circuit 3.

[0059] A hair dryer is a common electric heating device consisting of a fan and a heater wire. The fan generates airflow, while the heater wire heats the airflow. In the energy storage device, the fan and heater wire are each connected to a power source via a switch circuit 3. When switch circuit 3 is closed, both the fan and heater wire are energized simultaneously. The fan generates airflow, while the heater wire heats the airflow, creating hot air. The hair dryer's compact size and rapid heating speed allow it to quickly raise the ambient temperature, meeting the energy storage device's heating needs in low-temperature environments.

[0060] As an electric heating device, the hair dryer has the advantages of small size and fast heating speed, which can quickly increase the ambient temperature. At the same time, its structure is simple and easy to install and maintain.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the description and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized in that: It includes a battery unit, a detection unit, a switch circuit, a temperature load unit and a control unit; The battery unit comprises a plurality of stacked battery cells; The detection unit is connected to each battery cell and is used to detect a specified physical quantity of each battery cell; The temperature load unit is used for cooling or heating; There are multiple switch circuits, and each battery cell is connected to the temperature load unit via a switch circuit; The control unit is connected to the detection unit and each switch circuit respectively.

2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that The detection unit includes one or more of a temperature sensor, a voltage sensor, and a current sensor.

3. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that The switching circuit includes an electromagnetic relay.

4. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that The switching circuit includes an IC controller.

5. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that The temperature load unit includes a liquid cooling circulation system, which includes a pump body, a refrigeration device, and a pipeline connecting the pump body and the refrigeration device. The pump body is used to control the flow rate of the coolant in the liquid cooling circulation system, and the refrigeration device is used to reduce the temperature of the coolant.

6. The energy storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that Each battery cell is connected to the pump body through a switch circuit.

7. The energy storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that Each battery cell is connected to the refrigeration device through a switch circuit.

8. The energy storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that Each battery cell is connected to the pump body and the refrigeration device simultaneously through a switch circuit.

9. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that The temperature load unit is an electric heating device.

10. The energy storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The electric heating device is an electric hair dryer, which includes a blower and a heating wire, and the blower and the heating wire are respectively connected to the switch circuit.

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