Advanced detection shield cutter head

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of shield tunneling machines, in particular to an advanced detection shield cutterhead which comprises a cutterhead body, a through hole is formed in the circle center of the cutterhead body, the cutterhead body is coaxially connected to a working disc, the circle center of the working disc is coaxially connected with an advanced drill rod, the advanced drill rod and the working disc are coaxially arranged, and the advanced drill rod comprises a drill bit telescopic rod. The end, away from the working disc, of the drill telescopic rod is connected with a drill body which is connected with a pressure sensor and a moisture sensor. In the shield tunneling process, the drill bit telescopic rod stretches out, the drill bit body drills into a front soil body for detection, soil body data are detected through the pressure sensor and the moisture sensor, the data of the pressure sensor can reflect the drilling soil body pressure, and the data of the moisture sensor can reflect the moisture content of the front soil body. And corresponding tunneling measures are taken through data analysis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of shield machines, in particular to an advanced detection shield cutter head. Background Art

[0002] Currently, urban construction is developing rapidly. Shield machines, as tunnel boring tools, have become the preferred choice due to their convenience and speed. They not only significantly improve construction efficiency but also greatly reduce labor costs, opening up new avenues for the development and utilization of urban underground space.

[0003] Patent CN211737141U proposes a shield cutterhead that adapts to the stratification of soft and hard strata. By varying the diameter of the shield machine to tunnel in different strata, the equipment can flexibly cope with complex and changing geological conditions. Patent CN204783036U proposes an adjustable cutter mechanism for a shield machine, which reduces the inconvenience caused by shield blade wear and reduces construction interruptions caused by blade replacement, further improving construction continuity and overall efficiency.

[0004] While existing technologies for shield excavation have been extensively researched and explored, shield construction remains a challenging and complex process. In practice, construction personnel must carefully set appropriate excavation parameters and select appropriate excavation methods based on the geological conditions ahead to ensure construction quality and safety. However, geological conditions are not static. As excavation progresses, the soil is affected by excavation activities, and its mechanical properties undergo significant changes, such as deformation and stress redistribution. This often renders the original geological exploration data invalid, introducing numerous uncertainties into construction. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to solve the technical problem that during shield construction, soil conditions change as the excavation work deepens, resulting in unstable operation of the shield machine, the utility model provides an advanced detection shield cutterhead.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0007] An advance detection shield cutterhead includes a cutterhead body, a through hole is opened at the center of the cutterhead body, the cutterhead body is coaxially connected to the working disk, the center of the working disk is coaxially connected to an advance drill rod, the advance drill rod and the working disk are coaxially arranged, the advance drill rod includes a drill bit telescopic rod, the end of the drill bit telescopic rod away from the working disk is connected to the drill bit body, and the drill bit body is connected to a pressure sensor and a moisture sensor.

[0008] By adopting the above-mentioned structural scheme, during the shield tunneling process, the drill bit telescopic rod is extended, and the drill bit body drills into the soil in front for detection. The soil data is detected by the pressure sensor and the moisture sensor. The data of the pressure sensor can reflect the pressure of the drilled soil, and the data of the moisture sensor can reflect the water content of the soil in front. Corresponding tunneling measures are taken through data analysis.

[0009] As a preferred implementation method for advanced detection of the shield cutter head, the pressure sensor and the moisture sensor are located at the end of the drill body away from the end of the drill telescopic rod.

[0010] The above structural solution can more sensitively perceive soil data.

[0011] As an optimal implementation method for advance detection of the shield cutter head, a number of grouting holes are opened on the side wall of the drill body, and a cavity is provided inside the drill body. The cavity is connected to the grouting holes, and the cavity is connected to the grouting pipe. The grouting pipe penetrates into the cavity along the drill telescopic rod.

[0012] With the above structural solution, if the water content of the soil in front is too high, the drill bit body is made to penetrate into the soil in front, and slurry is injected into the cavity through the grouting pipe. Under the grouting pressure, the slurry flows out from the grouting hole to grout and reinforce the soil in front.

[0013] As a preferred implementation method for advanced detection of a shield cutterhead, a plurality of ring cutters with different diameters are installed on the end face of the cutterhead body away from the working disc, and all the ring cutters are coaxially arranged with the cutterhead body.

[0014] As a preferred implementation method for advance detection of the shield cutter head, the spacing between the multiple ring cutters is equal.

[0015] As a preferred implementation method for advance detection of a shield cutterhead, the cutterhead body is provided with a plurality of cutter grooves arranged along the circumferential direction, each cutter groove is opened along the radial direction, and the cutter groove passes through the cutterhead body along the axial direction. A scraper is provided in each cutter groove, and each scraper includes a plurality of cutter heads arranged along the radial direction of the cutterhead body, and the spacing between the cutter heads is adjustable. The side of the scraper close to the working disk is connected to one end of the tool telescopic rod, and the other end of the tool telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the working disk through a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is arranged parallel to the working disk, and the rotating shaft is arranged perpendicular to the corresponding cutter groove.

[0016] With this structural solution, when drilling pressure is high, the soil ahead is determined to be hard rock. The spacing between the cutter heads is adjusted to more closely align the cutter heads, increasing the number of cutter heads on the cutterhead surface and achieving more effective rock breaking. When drilling pressure is low, the soil ahead is determined to be soft rock. The length and angle of the cutter telescopic rod are adjusted to extend the scraper from the cutter slot, excavating the soil ahead of the cutterhead.

[0017] As a preferred implementation method for advance detection of the shield cutter head, the spacing between the plurality of cutter grooves is equal.

[0018] As a preferred implementation method for advance detection of the shield cutterhead, the scraper includes a first segment, the first segment is connected to the tool telescopic rod, the end of the first segment away from the center of the cutterhead body is connected to the second segment, the second segment is set in the direction of the working disc, and the second segment is set perpendicular to the first segment.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0020] During the shield tunneling process, the drill bit telescopic rod is extended, and the drill bit body drills into the soil in front for detection. The soil data is detected by pressure sensors and moisture sensors. The data of the pressure sensor can reflect the pressure of the drilled soil, and the data of the moisture sensor can reflect the water content of the soil in front. Corresponding tunneling measures are taken through data analysis. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the description. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of an advanced detection shield cutterhead in a specific embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of an advance detection shield cutter head in a specific embodiment of the utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of an advance detection shield cutter head in a specific embodiment of the utility model. Figure 2 ;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the drill bit body in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the drill bit body in a specific embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a shield cutterhead that is used to reinforce the soil ahead of the advance detection in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the scraper in a specific embodiment of the present utility model.

[0029] List of parts and reference numerals:

[0030] 1. Cutterhead body; 2. Working disc; 3. Advance drill rod; 31. Drill bit telescopic rod; 32. Drill bit body; 33. Pressure sensor; 34. Moisture sensor; 35. Grouting pipe; 36. Grouting hole; 37. Slurry; 4. Ring cutter; 5. Cutter groove; 6. Scraper; 61. Cutter head; 62. Cutter telescopic rod; 63. Rotating shaft; 64. Cutter holder; 65. Track; 66. Sliding wheel; 67. Fixed shaft; 68. Track; 7. Soil. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the specific embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0032] Reference Figure 1-6 This embodiment proposes an advanced detection shield cutterhead, comprising a cutterhead body 1, a through hole formed at the center of the cutterhead body 1, the cutterhead body 1 being coaxially connected to the working disk 2, the center of the working disk 2 being coaxially connected to an advance drill rod 3, the advance drill rod 3 being coaxially arranged with the working disk 2, the advance drill rod 3 comprising a drill telescopic rod 31, the end of the drill telescopic rod 31 away from the working disk 2 being connected to the drill body 32, the drill body 32 being connected to a pressure sensor 33 and a moisture sensor 34. The pressure sensor 33 and the moisture sensor 34 are located at the end of the drill body 32 away from the drill telescopic rod 31. The side wall of the drill body 32 is provided with a plurality of grouting holes 36, the interior of the drill body 32 being provided with a cavity, the cavity being connected to the grouting holes 36, the cavity being connected to a grouting pipe 35, the grouting pipe 35 passing through the cavity along the drill telescopic rod 31.

[0033] Several ring cutters 4 of different diameters are mounted on the end face of the cutter disc body 1 away from the working disc 2. All ring cutters 4 are coaxially arranged with the cutter disc body 1, and the spacing between the ring cutters 4 is equal. The cutter disc body 1 is provided with several knife grooves 5 arranged along the circumferential direction. Each knife groove 5 is opened in the radial direction, and the spacing between the knife grooves 5 is equal. The knife groove 5 passes through the cutter disc body 1 in the axial direction. A scraper 6 is provided in each knife groove 5. Each scraper 6 includes several cutter heads 61 arranged in the radial direction of the cutter disc body 1, and the spacing between the cutter heads 61 is adjustable. The scraper 6 includes a first segment. The side of the first segment close to the working disc 2 is connected to one end of a tool telescopic rod 62. The other end of the tool telescopic rod 62 is rotatably connected to the working disc 2 via a rotating shaft 63. The rotating shaft 63 is arranged parallel to the working disc 2 and perpendicular to the corresponding knife groove 5. One end of the first segment away from the center of the cutter disc body 1 is connected to the second segment. The second segment is arranged toward the working disc 2 and is perpendicular to the first segment.

[0034] The working principle of this specific embodiment is:

[0035] During shield tunneling, the drill telescopic rod 31 is extended, so that the drill body 32 extends from the through hole of the cutter head body 1 and penetrates into the soil 7 to perform geological detection on the soil 7 in front of the cutter head body 1.

[0036] The data of the soil 7 in front is analyzed by the pressure sensor 33 and the moisture sensor 34. The data of the pressure sensor 33 can reflect the pressure of the drilled soil 7, and the data of the moisture sensor 34 can reflect the water content of the soil 7 in front.

[0037] When the pressure of the soil 7 is high, it is judged that the soil 7 in front is hard rock. At this time, by adjusting the spacing between the cutter heads 61, the cutter heads 61 are more concentrated, and the number of cutter heads 61 located on the surface of the cutter head body 1 is increased, so that a more effective rock breaking method is implemented on the rock.

[0038] When the drilling pressure is low, it is determined that the soil 7 in front is soft rock. At this time, by adjusting the length and angle of the tool telescopic rod 62, the scraper 6 is extended from the knife groove 5 to excavate the soil 7 in front of the cutter head body 1. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, since the soft soil 7 has poor self-stability, the upper soil 7 can be excavated first, leaving the middle soil 7. This core soil can be used to support the tunnel face and stabilize the soil 7. After the tunnel deformation converges, the length and angle of the tool telescopic rod 62 below the cutterhead body 1 are adjusted to extend the scraper 6 from the cutter groove 5 and excavate the remaining soil 7. Thus, by adjusting the scraper 6, local excavation is achieved, and by reserving the core soil, the stability of the soft rock tunnel is guaranteed.

[0039] When the water content of the soil 7 in front is high, the slurry 37 is sent into the cavity of the drill body 32 through the grouting pipe 35. Under the action of the grouting pressure, the slurry 37 flows out from the grouting hole 36 to grout and reinforce the soil 7 in front. Figure 6 shown.

[0040] Reference Figure 7 In this embodiment, the scraper 6 further includes two parallel blade holders 64. Each blade holder 64 is provided with a track 65 extending along its length. A plurality of sliding wheels 66 are slidably mounted on the track 65. The sliding wheels 66 on the two blade holders 64 correspond to each other, and a fixed shaft 67 is coaxially connected between the two corresponding sliding wheels 66. The cutter head 61 is coaxially mounted in the middle of the fixed shaft 67. Furthermore, a track 68 surrounds the exterior of the track 65. The sliding wheels 66 are gears, one side of which meshes with the inner side of the track 68. Driven by a motor, the sliding wheels 66 rotate and travel along the inner side of the track 68, thereby sliding on the track 65, thereby reducing or increasing the distance between the two cutter heads 61.

[0041] The above description of the disclosed embodiments will enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A shield cutterhead for advanced detection, comprising a cutterhead body (1), characterized in that: A through hole is formed at the center of the cutter head body (1), the cutter head body (1) is coaxially connected to the working disc (2), the center of the working disc (2) is coaxially connected to an advance drill rod (3), the advance drill rod (3) and the working disc (2) are coaxially arranged, the advance drill rod (3) comprises a drill telescopic rod (31), an end of the drill telescopic rod (31) away from the working disc (2) is connected to a drill head body (32), and the drill head body (32) is connected to a pressure sensor (33) and a moisture sensor (34); The pressure sensor (33) and the moisture sensor (34) are located at an end of the drill body (32) away from an end of the drill telescopic rod (31); A plurality of grouting holes (36) are formed on the side wall of the drill body (32). A cavity is provided inside the drill body (32). The cavity is communicated with the grouting holes (36), and the cavity is communicated with the grouting pipe (35). The grouting pipe (35) penetrates into the cavity along the drill telescopic rod (31).

2. The advance detection shield cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of ring cutters (4) with different diameters are installed on the end surface of the cutter disc body (1) away from the working disc (2), and all the ring cutters (4) are coaxially arranged with the cutter disc body (1).

3. The advance detection shield cutterhead according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spacing between the plurality of ring cutters (4) is equal.

4. The advance detection shield cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutter disc body (1) is provided with a plurality of cutter grooves (5) arranged in a circumferential direction, each cutter groove (5) is opened in a radial direction, and the cutter groove (5) penetrates the cutter disc body (1) in an axial direction. A scraper (6) is provided in each cutter groove (5), and each scraper (6) includes a plurality of cutter heads (61) arranged in a radial direction of the cutter disc body (1). The spacing between the cutter heads (61) is adjustable. The side of the scraper (6) close to the working disc (2) is connected to one end of a cutter telescopic rod (62), and the other end of the cutter telescopic rod (62) is rotatably connected to the working disc (2) through a rotating shaft (63). The rotating shaft (63) is arranged parallel to the working disc (2), and the rotating shaft (63) is arranged perpendicular to the corresponding cutter groove (5).

5. The advance detection shield cutterhead according to claim 4, characterized in that: The spacing between the plurality of knife grooves (5) is equal.

6. The advance detection shield cutterhead according to claim 4, characterized in that: The scraper (6) includes a first segment connected to a tool telescopic rod (62), an end of the first segment away from the center of the cutter disc body (1) is connected to a second segment, and the second segment is arranged toward the working disc (2), and the second segment is arranged perpendicular to the first segment.

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