Model test box for tunnel excavation simulation
The model test box is constructed by splicing rectangular steel plates, which solves the problems of material waste and observation limitations in existing model boxes, achieves multi-purpose adaptability and strength improvement, and provides an intuitive observation window.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422121777.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-26
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-30
AI Technical Summary
The existing model box can only be designed for one working condition, resulting in material waste and research limitations. The closed structure makes it impossible to visually observe the experimental process and the material stiffness is insufficient.
The model test box is constructed of splicable rectangular prefabricated steel plates. The box size can be changed by adjusting the number of steel plates. In combination with an outward-opening observation window, intuitive observation is achieved and the box strength is enhanced.
The multi-purpose adaptability of the model box is achieved, material waste is reduced, the strength of the box is enhanced, and an intuitive experimental observation window is provided.
Smart Images
Figure CN223390220U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of rock and soil testing, in particular to a model test box for tunnel excavation simulation. Background Art
[0002] Model testing is an early-developed, widely used, and intuitive method for studying the physical and mechanical properties of geotechnical media, engineering structures, and structures. Based on the principle of similarity, it can simulate a variety of relatively complex boundary conditions, comprehensively and vividly presenting the stress and deformation mechanisms, failure mechanisms, morphology, and instability stages of the engineering structure and the associated geotechnical mass. Model testing has long been an important method for researching and solving large-scale, complex tunnel engineering projects. However, the most critical aspect of model testing is the fabrication of the model box. Currently, most existing model boxes can only be designed for a single operating condition, resulting in significant waste of model box material.
[0003] Specifically, in indoor tunnel model tests, model boxes are often used to simulate tunnel excavation and support. These tests typically employ fixed-size model boxes for tunnel construction simulation. Due to geometric limitations, these boxes are only suitable for tunnel simulation studies of a specific size, resulting in a certain degree of waste in test materials. Furthermore, the limited boundary conditions of the tunnel test model box impose certain limitations on experimental research.
[0004] In addition, the model box design of indoor tunnels is usually made of closed iron plates or transparent acrylic plates. The problem with the former is that due to the fully enclosed space, researchers cannot directly monitor the progress of the experiment and can only collect data through conventional sensors and then process the data. The first problem is that acrylic materials are expensive, and the second is that the material itself lacks rigidity. Utility Model Content
[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a model test box for tunnel excavation simulation.
[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is:
[0007] A model test box for tunnel excavation simulation includes a model test box body with an opening at the top, the model test box body being enclosed by a front steel plate, a back steel plate, side steel plates, and a bottom steel plate; the front steel plate, back steel plate, side steel plates, and bottom steel plate are each formed by splicing together a plurality of rectangular prefabricated steel plate pieces, and the splicing form of the prefabricated steel plate pieces of the front steel plate and the back steel plate is the same; the size of the model test box body can be changed by correspondingly increasing the number of spliced prefabricated steel plate pieces of the front steel plate, back steel plate, side steel plates, and bottom steel plate; outward-opening observation windows for cooperating with tunnel excavation simulation and soil observation are provided at the centers of the front steel plate and the back steel plate.
[0008] Furthermore, the prefabricated steel plate comprises a peripheral steel frame, and coaxially arranged steel plates mounted in the peripheral steel frame by bolts.
[0009] Furthermore, the front steel plate is connected to the side steel plate and the bottom steel plate, and the back steel plate is connected to the side steel plate and the bottom steel plate through angle steels and bolts.
[0010] Furthermore, the observation window includes a steel window frame and tempered glass embedded in the steel window frame.
[0011] Furthermore, one side of the steel window frame of the observation window is hingedly connected to the prefabricated steel plate of the front steel plate or the back steel plate through a hinge.
[0012] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0013] The model test box for tunnel excavation simulation can change the size of the model test box body by correspondingly increasing the number of prefabricated steel plates of the front steel plate, the back steel plate, the side steel plate and the bottom steel plate, so that the model box can adapt to different working conditions and achieve reuse to avoid material waste to a certain extent.
[0014] The model test box for tunnel excavation simulation is constructed by splicing together several rectangular prefabricated steel plates. The front and back steel plates are connected to the side and bottom steel plates by angle steels, which makes the overall strength of the model test box greater and overcomes the problem of insufficient overall strength of the model box being too large. At the same time, due to the splicing structure, it can be easily processed and transported.
[0015] The model test box for tunnel excavation simulation adopts an outward-opening tempered glass observation window, which allows researchers to capture the experimental results intuitively. At the same time, the switchable observation window can meet the needs of researchers in conducting tunnel excavation simulation experiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the model test box body of the utility model;
[0017] Figure 2 and Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the splicing of rectangular prefabricated steel plates of the model test box body of the utility model;
[0018] Figure 4 and Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the manufacturing method of a single rectangular prefabricated steel plate according to the present invention;
[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the front steel plate and the side steel plate of the utility model;
[0020] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the manufacturing method of the observation window of the utility model;
[0021] In the figure, 1 is the model test box body, 2 is the front steel plate, 3 is the back steel plate, 4 is the side steel plate, 5 is the rectangular prefabricated steel plate, 6 is the observation window, 7 is the rectangular prefabricated steel plate No. I, 8 is the rectangular prefabricated steel plate No. II, 9 is the rectangular prefabricated steel plate No. III, 10 is the rectangular prefabricated steel plate No. IV, 11 is the rectangular prefabricated steel plate No. V, 12 is the outer steel frame, 13 is the steel plate, 14 is the angle steel, 15 is the steel window frame, 16 is the tempered glass, and 17 is the hinge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without expending creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0023] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" may be used herein to describe the relationship of one element or feature shown in a figure to another element or feature. It should be understood that, in addition to the orientation shown in the processing figures, the spatial terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation. For example, if the device in the figure is inverted, an element described as being "below" another element or feature would be defined as being "above" the other element or feature. Thus, the exemplary term "below" can encompass both upper and lower orientations. The device can be positioned in other ways, and the spatially relative descriptions used herein should be interpreted accordingly.
[0024] This embodiment provides a model test box for tunnel excavation simulation, such as Figure 1As shown, the model test box for tunnel excavation simulation is a model test box body 1 with an opening on the top. The model test box body 1 is surrounded by a front steel plate 2, a back steel plate 3, a side steel plate 4 and a bottom steel plate to form a rectangular box structure; an outward-opening observation window 6 for cooperating with tunnel excavation simulation and soil observation is provided at the center of the front steel plate 2 and the back steel plate 3.
[0025] When conducting geotechnical tests using the model test box for tunnel excavation simulation, different geotechnical media are placed layer by layer through the top opening of the model test box body 1 and compacted to simulate the soil structure layer at the actual tunnel excavation site; then, the outward-opening observation windows 6 at the center of the front steel plate 2 and the back steel plate 3 are opened to simulate tunnel excavation construction at the corresponding position of the soil structure layer; finally, the outward-opening observation windows 6 at the center of the front steel plate 2 and the back steel plate 3 are closed to observe changes in the soil structure layer.
[0026] Since the construction lengths of various tunnel projects are different, the size of the model test box body 1 needs to be changed according to the construction lengths of different tunnel projects, so that the soil structure layer at the observation window 6 of the front steel plate 2 and the back steel plate 3 can meet the longitudinal extension of the simulated tunnel excavation construction.
[0027] To solve this problem, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the front steel plate 2, back steel plate 3, side steel plate 4 and bottom steel plate in this embodiment are all composed of several rectangular prefabricated steel plate pieces 5. Among them, the front steel plate 2 and the back steel plate 3 are composed of six rectangular prefabricated steel plate pieces 5, except for the outward-opening observation window 6 at the middle position. Figure 3 In the figure, the upper side of the observation window 6 is a No. III rectangular prefabricated steel plate 9, and the lower side is a No. II rectangular prefabricated steel plate 8. The left and right sides are respectively spliced with two No. I rectangular prefabricated steel plates 7. The splicing form of the prefabricated steel plates of the front steel plate 2 and the back steel plate 3 is the same; the side steel plate 4 is spliced with two No. V rectangular prefabricated steel plates 11; the bottom steel plate is spliced with three No. IV rectangular prefabricated steel plates 10.
[0028] When the size of the model test box body 1 needs to be changed, the number of rectangular prefabricated steel plates 5 can be increased accordingly, thereby adjusting the size of the model test box body 1. Since the front steel plate 2, the back steel plate 3, the side steel plates 4, and the bottom steel plate are all composed of a plurality of rectangular prefabricated steel plates 5, the rectangular prefabricated steel plates 5 can be prefabricated at the factory, transported to the site, and then assembled according to the site requirements to form the model test box for tunnel excavation simulation. The modular design of the model test box body 1 is convenient for both processing and transportation.
[0029] Furthermore, the prefabricated steel plate in this embodiment is manufactured as follows:
[0030] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the prefabricated steel plate comprises an outer steel frame 12 and a plurality of coaxially arranged steel plates 13 located within the outer steel frame 12; the steel plates 13 are fixed to the outer steel frame 12 by bolts. In addition, in terms of connection, the prefabricated steel plates on the front steel plate 2, the back steel plate 3, the side steel plates 4 and the bottom steel plate can be connected by bolts passing through the outer steel frame 12; and the front steel plate 2 and the side steel plates 4 and the bottom steel plate, as well as the back steel plate 3 and the side steel plates 4 and the bottom steel plate, can be connected. Figure 6 As shown, the peripheral steel frame 12 can be bolted together through angle steel 14 .
[0031] Furthermore, the observation window 6 in this embodiment is manufactured and installed as follows:
[0032] like Figure 7 As shown, the observation window 6 includes a steel window frame 15 and a tempered glass 16 embedded in the steel window frame 15. Figure 1 As shown, one side of the steel window frame 15 of the observation window 6 is connected to the prefabricated steel plate hinge 17 of the front steel plate 2 or the back steel plate 3 by a hinge 17, thereby realizing the outward opening of the observation window 6. The other side of the steel window frame 15 of the observation window 6 can be connected to the outer steel frame 12 of the adjacent prefabricated steel plate by bolts to realize opening and closing.
[0033] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and improvements may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and improvements are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A model test box for tunnel excavation simulation, characterized by: The invention comprises a model test box body with an opening at the top, the model test box body being enclosed by a front steel plate, a back steel plate, side steel plates and a bottom steel plate; the front steel plate, back steel plate, side steel plates and bottom steel plate are all formed by splicing a plurality of rectangular prefabricated steel plate pieces, and the splicing form of the prefabricated steel plate pieces of the front steel plate and the back steel plate is the same; the size of the model test box body can be changed by correspondingly increasing the number of spliced prefabricated steel plate pieces of the front steel plate, back steel plate, side steel plates and bottom steel plate; outward-opening observation windows for cooperating with tunnel excavation simulation and soil observation are provided at the centers of the front steel plate and the back steel plate.
2. The model test box for tunnel excavation simulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prefabricated steel plate comprises an outer steel frame and coaxially arranged steel plates installed in the outer steel frame by bolts.
3. The model test box for tunnel excavation simulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front steel plate is connected to the side steel plate and the bottom steel plate, and the back steel plate is connected to the side steel plate and the bottom steel plate through angle steels and bolts.
4. The model test box for tunnel excavation simulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The observation window comprises a steel window frame and tempered glass embedded in the steel window frame.
5. The model test box for tunnel excavation simulation according to claim 4, characterized in that: One side of the steel window frame of the observation window is hingedly connected to the prefabricated steel plate of the front steel plate or the back steel plate through a hinge.