The invention provides an adjustable 
impact test device and a method. According to the device, an upper central rolling shaft is fixed on a reaction wall of a 
test room, four groups of round steel rods with thread at two ends serve as rigid connection rods, abutting of the connection rods is realized via abutting nuts, bottom connection rods fix a circular disk 
pendulum bob on the connection rods via 
insertion plates at the end parts, a set of 
pendulum bob 
system is formed together with the upper rolling shaft, and the connection rods can be used for conveniently adjust a position of the 
pendulum bob on a different 
impact point. A clamp is arranged at a pendulum bob 
impact point for mounting a 
pressure sensor, a lifting hole and mounting holes are reserved in the middle of the upper part of the pendulum bob, a loading hole is reserved 45 degrees obliquely, and a steel 
wire rope passes through the loading hole and sleeves an X-shaped sliding hook. A first hand chain hoist is used for adjusting the pendulum bob, the sliding hook is used for fixing the pendulum bob at an initial height, a second hand chain hoist is used for pulling the sliding hook to release the pendulum bob, gravity 
potential energy of the pendulum bob is converted to 
kinetic energy, a specimen is impacted, and through changing the initial height of the pendulum bob and the pendulum bob of different masses, different impact speeds and energy can be conveniently and quickly provided.