63 results about "Diffusion cell" patented technology

Provided are an apparatus and a method for measuring gas transmission rates and nanoleaks of deformable and brittle materials. The apparatus includes a test chamber having an upper and lower diffusion cells that when closed form a chamber wall seal, a gas inlet and a gas outlet in fluid communication with the lower diffusion cell, the upper diffusion cell being fluidly connected to a high-vacuum mass spectrometer. The method of measuring gas transmission rates and nanoleaks includes placing a sealed package containing the test gas in the lower diffusion cell, closing the upper and lower diffusion cells, flushing the lower diffusion cell with a source of a second gas other than the test gas, closing off the source of the second gas; and measuring the leak rate of the sealed package.

Provided are an apparatus and a method for measuring gas transmission rates and nanoleaks of deformable and brittle materials. The apparatus includes a test chamber having an upper and lower diffusion cells that when closed form a chamber wall seal, a gas inlet and a gas outlet in fluid communication with the lower diffusion cell, the upper diffusion cell being fluidly connected to a high-vacuum mass spectrometer. The method of measuring gas transmission rates and nanoleaks includes placing a sealed package containing the test gas in the lower diffusion cell, closing the upper and lower diffusion cells, flushing the lower diffusion cell with a source of a second gas other than the test gas, closing off the source of the second gas; and measuring the leak rate of the sealed package.

The invention discloses an acidic texturing solution for etching a solar cell silicon wafer, a texturing method, a solar cell silicon wafer and a manufacturing method of the solar cell silicon wafer. The acidic texturing solution comprises a copper ion source for providing 0.1-25mmol / L copper ions, a fluoride ion source for providing 0.5-10mol / L fluoride ions, and a 0.1-1.0mol / L oxidant for oxidizing copper into the copper ions. The surface of the silicon wafer is preferably textured by virtue of the acidic texturing solution and thus an independent, complete and compactly arranged micron-size inverted pyramid-shaped structure is formed on the surface of the silicon wafer at a relatively low temperature and a relatively short time. By adopting the inverted pyramid-shaped structure, the reflectivity of an incident light on the textured surface is reduced to 5%-15% such that the efficiency of the solar cell is improved. The inverted pyramid-shaped structure disclosed by the invention is not limited to the preparation of an HIT and a conventional diffusion cell and can be also applied in other solar cells and optoelectronic devices using a silicon substrate.

The invention relates to a method for measuring a liquid phase diffusion coefficient, and an apparatus thereof, and belongs to a method for measuring a diffusion coefficient of a liquid by adopting yellow light LED as a light source based on a capillary imaging method. According to the present invention, a transparent capillary is adopted to construct a liquid phase diffusion cell; the specific refractive index spatial resolution measurement capability of the capillary imaging method is adopted to directly observe and record the diffusion regularity of the thin layers of the diffusion medium in the capability, wherein the thin layers of the diffusion medium have the same refractive index; the liquid phase diffusion coefficient is calculated based on the Fick second law. With the present invention, the diffusion coefficient between glycerol and purified water is measured at a room temperature of 25 DEG C, with comparing the diffusion coefficient 0.720*10<-5> cm<2> / s reported by the literature of the traditional holographic interferometry method with the diffusion coefficient 0.715*10<-5> cm<2> / s measured by the method of the present invention, the relative error is 0.69%; the capillary is adopted to construct the liquid phase diffusion cell, such that the amount of the required sample is less, the measurement speed is rapid, the anti-interference capability is strong and the system stability is good.

The present invention relates to hydraulic engineering, and is composite energy dissipating method with pier grating swirl chamber in the estuary of drainage system. The diffusion cell of the present invention includes a water inlet, side walls and a water outlet, and has one first row of pier grating comprising energy dissipating piers in the water inlet and one second parallel row of pier grating comprising energy dissipating piers in the water outlet to form one powerful swirl chamber in between. The present invention has obvious energy dissipating effect caused y hydraulic jump, swirl chamber and energy dissipating piers. The present invention has simple design, easy construction and low cost.

The present invention relates to a light diffusion cell for laser light where in a transparent cell in which a liquid can be sealed, a fine particle dispersion in which fine particles having an average particle size of 100 nm or more and 1.5 μm or less are colloidally dispersed in a liquid medium transmitting light, a same light diffusion cell comprising a reflection mechanism recursively using reflection light of incident light, a laser light source device comprising said light diffusion cell and a semiconductor laser light source and an image display device comprising said light diffusion cell or said laser light source device, and said light diffusion cell significantly reduce or remove speckle noise of semiconductor laser light. In addition, said light diffusion cell has an easy constitution, occupies a smaller volume and can be easily incorporated in any type of image display device using laser light. Therefore, it is possible to significantly reduce or remove speckle noise without large-sizing of an image display device using laser light or a higher cost-up.

The invention provides a method for separating lithium isotopes by coupling an electric field and a crown ether graft polymer porous membrane. According to the method, a lithium isotope separation effect of the crown ether functionalized polymer membrane and a lithium isotope separation effect under the action of the electric field are coupled so as to enhance the lithium isotope separation effectof a system; specifically, the crown ether functionalized porous membrane with the lithium isotope separation effect is fixed in the middle of a diffusion cell, the two sides of the diffusion cell are provided with a lithium salt solution and pure water respectively, the selective adsorption effect of the functionalized membrane on <7>Li<+> is utilized, and <6>Li<+> is enriched on the pure waterside; and meanwhile, the <6>Li<+> has a higher migration rate under the action of the electric field, so that the migration rate of <6>Li<+> isotope ions towards the pure water side is increased, andfinally, green and efficient lithium isotope ion separation is realized.

The invention relates to an experimental device for nuclide migration study under high temperature condition. The device is characterized in that: it comprises a PTFE diffusion liner and a metal outer frame. The diffusion liner is arranged at the opening of the metal outer frame, and is propped tightly by the top plate of the metal outer frame so as to be fixed in the outer frame. O-shaped gaskets are added to both sides of a central diffusion rock piece respectively, then the central diffusion rock piece is placed in the middle of two diffusion cell bodies, and by pressing the two diffusion cell bodies tightly, two diffusion cells are formed on two sides of the rock piece. The compressed O-shaped gaskets can play the role of buffering pressure and stressing the rock piece evenly, and also has a sealing effect. The diffusion liner and interfaces involved in the invention all adopt the PTFE material, thus having good aging resistance and high temperature resistance. Through application, the experimental device provided by the invention is expected to provide a reliable experimental platform for assessing the migration behavior of radionuclide at high temperature, and has good application prospects.

A new design for a static diffusion cell for use in a diffusion sampling apparatus to be used in conjunction with automated or manual sampling is disclosed. The diffusion cell of present invention provides to an improved and efficient diffusion assay system.

The invention relates to a spherical aberration eliminating variable-focus double liquid core column lens for measuring a liquid refractive index and a liquid phase diffusion coefficient, and belongs to an optical measurement device and method. According to the invention, a front liquid column lens is taken as a liquid phase diffusion cell and an imaging element, a rear liquid core column lens is taken as a spherical aberration eliminating element, the spherical aberration eliminating position of the double liquid core column lens can be adjusted by selecting a numerical value of the refractive index of a liquid in the rear liquid core column lens, and the refraction index of a liquid in the front liquid core is ensured to have a wide variation range within the scope of small spherical aberration. The spherical aberration eliminating variable-focus double-liquid core column lens improves the detection sensitivity of the refractive index of the liquid in the front liquid core, and the diffusion coefficient of different liquids can be measured more accurately and more reliably by being combined with an equal refractive index thin layer movement method or a transient refractive index space distribution method.

Transdermal diffusion cell testing vessel includes a container defining a chamber having an opening against which skin is placed, and a casing arranged partially around and spaced apart from part of the container to define a compartment therebetween. The chamber retains a saline solution and is not in flow communication with the compartment through which water is circulated. The vessel includes separate inlet ports and outlet ports, each including a conduit communicating with the chamber or compartment. The outlet port of the chamber is angled downward relative to a horizontal upper surface of the container against which skin being tested is placed. The vessel is used for conducting transdermal diffusion cell testing in combination with a solution source fluidly coupled to each vessel, a waste receptacle fluidly coupled to each vessel, a syringe pump fluidly coupled to a respective vessel, and a sample collector fluidly coupled to the syringe pump(s).

A gas shower module for gas deposition chamber with gas channel is disclosed, which comprises: a distributor with at least one diffusion cell positioned therein along first axial direction and a plurality of inlets respectively connecting to the gas channel and the diffusion cell; and a shower with at least one shower channel positioned therein along second axial direction, gas-inlet passages connected to the diffusion cell and the shower channel, and gas-outlet passages connected to the shower channel and gas deposition chamber; wherein the distributor is connected to the shower so that the diffusion cell will be connected to the shower channel through gas-inlet passages and the first axial direction is not be parallel to the second axial direction.

The invention relates to a platform and a method for rapidly measuring a liquid phase diffusion coefficient D(C) as a function of concentration (C). The core element of the platform is a liquid core cylindrical lens. The liquid core region is a diffusion cell. Lens parameters are selected to reduce the spherical aberration and improve the detection sensitivity of the liquid concentration. A monochromatic collimated light beam forms a dynamic diffusion image on the focal plane thereof after passing through the liquid core cylindrical lens. The method comprises the following steps of: obtainingan experimental concentration distribution function C<e>(x<j>,t<0>) along a diffusion direction according to the diffusion image at time t<0>; solving a diffusion equation by using the diffusion coefficient D<0> under an infinite lean condition as a boundary condition; expanding the D(C) to D(C)=D<0>(1+alpha<1>xC+alpha<2>xC<2>+alpha<3>xC<3>+...); obtaining a calculating concentration distributionfunction C<n>(x<j>,t<0>) at the same moment as C<e>(x<j>,t<0>) after pre-setting a pending coefficient(alpha<1>, alpha<2>, alpha<3>...); comparing C<e>(x<j>,t<0>) and C<n>(x<j>,t<0>); determining D(C)value according to the coefficients [(alpha<1>)<best>, (alpha<2>)<best>, (alpha<3>)<best>] corresponding to the minimum value of the minimum standard deviation between C<e>(x<j>,t<0>) and C<n>(x<j>,t<0>); calculating the concentration distribution C<n>(x<j>,t) at any time (t is not equal to t<0>) according to D(C) and a ray tracing method, and simulating the diffused image; and comparing the experimental and the simulated image to verify the D(C) relationship.

The invention relates to an automobile diesel engine injector, in particular to a dual-fuel injector, and belongs to the technical field of automobile diesel engine injectors. The dual-fuel injector comprises a gas nozzle and a gas nozzle screw cap, and the gas nozzle is arranged at the lower end of a fuel nozzle; an outer ring of the gas nozzle is provided with the gas nozzle screw cap; the gas nozzle screw cap is connected with the lower end of a fuel injector body through threads, and the gas nozzle is compressed on the fuel nozzle; the side face of the fuel injector body is provided with an air inlet, and the lower end face of the fuel injector body is provided with a circle of diffusion cell in the circumferential direction; the fuel injector body is internally provided with an air inlet channel which communicates with the air inlet and the diffusion cell; the fuel nozzle is internally provided with a plurality of up-and-down through nozzle airways, and the upper end of each nozzle airway communicates with the diffusion cell; and the lower end of each nozzle airway communicates with an air nozzle. The structure of the dual fuel injector is simple, compact and rational, and thepurpose of reducing emissions can be achieved; diesel can be burnt fully, and the emission of soot is reduced; and the requirements of different customers at different areas can be met according to such conditions as price change, reserve distribution and convenience of fuel and gas.

The invention relates to a diffusion cell device capable of adjusting the capacity of receiving cell and effective diffusion area, comprising a cylindrical supply cell and a receptor cell. Each of the lower end of the supply cell and the upper end of the receptor ell is provided with an outer flange which corresponds to each other and is abutted mutually through a clamping device; the side of the receptor cell is provided with a receptor liquid port. The diffusion cell device is characterized by further comprising more than one capacity adjusting block arranged in the receptor cell, and the outer diameter of the capacity adjusting block is matched with the inner diameter of the receptor cell. The diffusion cell device has the advantages that the device fits for different sample types and meets different experiment requirements, repeated waste of resources is avoided as the size of a sample and the capacity of the receptor cell during testing, the experimental period is shortened, and the experiment data precision and the working efficiency are improved; and the diffusion cell device provides powerful hard conditions for development of new drugs.

Transdermal diffusion cell testing vessel includes a container defining a chamber having an opening against which skin is placed, and a casing arranged partially around and spaced apart from part of the container to define a compartment therebetween. The chamber retains a saline solution and is not in flow communication with the compartment through which water is circulated. The vessel includes separate inlet ports and outlet ports, each including a conduit communicating with the chamber or compartment. The outlet port of the chamber is angled downward relative to a horizontal upper surface of the container against which skin being tested is placed. The vessel is used for conducting transdermal diffusion cell testing in combination with a solution source fluidly coupled to each vessel, a waste receptacle fluidly coupled to each vessel, a syringe pump fluidly coupled to a respective vessel, and a sample collector fluidly coupled to the syringe pump(s).

A nanoparticle size classifier comprising a variable flow rate system with a single diffusion element 3 placed inside a cell 2 containing inlet 1 and outlets 6 and 7, an aerosol filter 8, flow meter 9, pump 10 and pump controller 11, which enables a plurality of measurements to be obtained by means of passing an aerosol through the diffusion element 3 at various flow rates. Preferably, outlet of the diffusion cell is connected to a particle counter 5 via a three-way valve 6. The diffusion element has a net or screen that permit air through but capture some particles. In a preferred embodiment, the nanoparticle size classifier is connected to a PC 12 (a notebook or a palm-size computer) to acquire and process data

The invention provides a single-tank bionic system device and medicine dissolving solution as well as an evaluation method using the device and the solution. The device mainly consists of a medicine dissolving chamber, a pH adjuster, a microporous filter and a medicine diffusion cell; each 1000ml of a medicine dissolving solution A contains 7.8894g of NaCl, 9.008g of D-Glucose, 0.2797g of CaCl2, 0.0975g of MgSO4, 1.9524g of MES (fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate), 5.0mL of HCL (1mM) and the balance of water; and each 1000ml of a medicine dissolving solution B contains 0.7977g of KCl, 0.1198g of KH2PO4, 7.8894g of NaCl, 0.0965g of NaH2PO4, 9.762g of MES the Tris pH value of which is adjusted at 6.8-7.8 and the balance of water. By utilizing the device and the evaluation method, the release and absorption law of a delayed-release preparation can be evaluated.

Vessel for transdermal diffusion cell testing includes a container defining an interior chamber having an opening against which skin is placed, and a casing arranged partially around and spaced apart from part of the container to define a compartment therebetween. The chamber retains a saline solution and is not in flow communication with the compartment through which water is circulated. The vessel includes separate inlet ports and outlet ports, each including a conduit communicating with the chamber or compartment. The outlet port of the chamber is arranged above the inlet port of the chamber, proximate the opening of the chamber, and is angled downward relative to a horizontal upper surface of the container against which skin being tested is placed. Tilting of the vessel prior to or during introduction of solution prevents air bubbles from remaining between the skin and the solution.

The invention belongs to field of research of high-level radioactive wastegeological disposal, and particularly relates to an experiment device for the research of actinide elementdiffusion ina high-level radioactive waste repository. The experiment device comprises a diffusion chamber (1) and a locking mechanism (2); the interior of the diffusion chamber (1) is filled with a porous material (3); the diffusion chamber (1) is fixed on the outer surface of a stock solution bottle (4) and is communicated with the interior of the stock solution bottle (4); a connector (5) used for being connected with thediffusion chamber (1) is arranged on the stock solution bottle (4); the diffusion chamber (1) is provide with a bottom cover (6); the bottom cover (6) is locked to the connector (5) through the locking mechanism (2). The experiment device can be operated for a long time, and is suitable for migration experiments of uranium, neptunium and plutonium.

The invention discloses a method for modifying a polymer porous membrane by diffusion reaction and belongs to the technical field of separation membrane material surface modification. The method comprises the following steps: 1) preparing an organic intermediate layer coating solution, soaking a clean polymer porous membrane in the coating solution, and uniformly distributing the coating solutionon the surface of the polymer porous membrane and in pore channels of the polymer porous membrane; 2) taking out the coated polymer porous membrane, fixing the polymer porous membrane in a diffusion cell, respectively adding different reaction solutions A and B at two sides of the membrane, and mutually diffusing the two reaction solutions through membrane holes; and 3) after the diffusion reaction is finished, taking the polymer porous membrane out of the diffusion cell, and repeatedly cleaning in ethanol and pure water to obtain the surface mineralized modified polymer porous membrane. The method for modifying the polymer porous membrane through the diffusion reaction is suitable for surface hydrophilization modification of the polymer porous membrane, the obtained modified polymer porous membrane has excellent hydrophilicity, and the water permeation flux can be increased by 3-10 times. The method has the advantages of simple and easily-controlled reaction conditions, easiness in amplification and great popularization value.

The invention aims to provide a high-pass method for evaluating the percutaneous absorption efficiency of an active component of a cosmetic in vitro. The method comprises the following steps of: assembling a high-pass diffusion cell; preparing a sample and processing the sample; measuring the conductivity of a sample cell; and carrying out statistic analysis on data. The high-pass diffusion cell is of a sandwich structure formed in such a way that two Teflon coating sieve pore plates with the area of (3-5cm)*(3-5cm) and the thickness of 1-1.2cm are respectively used as a top plate and a bottom plate, bionic skin or pigskin is used as a middle interlayer, and the four corners are fixed by using bolts; and the sieve pore plates are provided with 24-100 pores which are arranged uniformly and have the diameters of 3-10mm, and the sieve pore plates are respectively used as a donor cell and a receptor cell. The number of single chambers of a Franz diffusion cell is increased to 24-100, therefore, the efficiency is increased by 24-100 times; and the permeability is replaced with the conductivity, so that the detection time is greatly shortened, and the detection efficiency is further increased by over 12 times.

The invention discloses a method for rapidly and simultaneously measuring moisture diffusibility and moisture permeability of a biomass material, and the method is as follows: cutting a flake from anysurface of the biomass material, and calculating cross-sectional area and volume of the flake; placing the flake on a dynamic steam adsorption instrument tray, and drying to absolute dryness under the condition of humidity of 0% to obtain the absolute dry mass m0, recording changes of mass ms of the sheet within t time under any humidity and final balance mass me; placing the sheet between gaskets of a diffusion cell, and placing a desiccant in the diffusion cell; then placing the sheet and the desiccant on the dynamic steam adsorption instrument tray, drying to absolute dryness, recording changes of total mass mt of the sheet and the desiccant within t time under any same humidity as the humidity of the step 1; and finally, substituting obtained data into a formula to calculate water diffusion coefficient and water vapor flux respectively. The method is short in time, widens measuring temperature and humidity ranges, and can quickly and simultaneously measure the moisture diffusion and the moisture permeability of the biomass material.

The invention relates to the technical field of environment engineering sewage treatment and discloses powerless biological coupling rural sewage treatment integral equipment which comprises a settling pond, a hydrolysis acidification pool and a biological coupling diffusion cell, wherein the settling pond is connected with the hydrolysis acidification pool through a hydrolysis acidification waterdistribution tube; a combined filler is arranged inside the hydrolysis acidification pool; the biological coupling diffusion cell is connected with the hydrolysis acidification pool through a water distribution tube; a filler layer is arranged inside the biological coupling diffusion cell; the filler layer comprises a planting covering layer, a water distribution layer, a fine filtering layer, anair introduction layer, a refined filtration layer, a deep treatment layer and a water drainage layer. The equipment is low in construction cost, simple in structure, nearly free of operation cost, convenient to operate and high in treatment efficiency.

The invention discloses a transdermal diffusion cell, a transdermal diffusion instrument and an oral mucosa transdermal diffusion experiment method, and belongs to the technical field of transdermal experiments. A stirring device is arranged at the upper end of a dosing cell of the diffusion cell and comprises a base, a first power source, a first transmission unit, a second transmission unit, a lifting table, a stirring unit and a control module. The second transmission unit comprises a driving gear and at least two driven gears which are arranged on the periphery of the driving gear in a surrounding mode and engaged with the driving gear, and lead screws are arranged on the driven gears and can drive the lifting table to move up and down; the stirring unit comprises a second power source and a stirring rod, and a stirring paddle located in the dosing pool is arranged at one end of the stirring rod. According to the invention, the environment in the diffusion cell is close to the environment in the oral cavity during gargling through stirring, so that the oral mucosa transdermal diffusion experiment is effectively carried out, the experiment result is more accurate, and the invention further provides a transdermal diffusion instrument and an oral mucosa transdermal diffusion experiment method.

The invention discloses an electromagnetic stirrer of a transdermal diffusion cell. According to the electromagnetic stirrer, a direct-current motor is not used any longer and the problems of large volume, high noise and short life of the traditional magnetic stirrers are overcome; by applying positive and negative alternating voltage on a coil through a driving circuit, an electromagnetic field with magnetism alternating 180 DEG between N and S is generated between soft iron sheets at two ends of a soft iron core; the electromagnetic stirrer consists of an electromagnetic coil and an electromagnetic stirring driver circuit; the electromagnetic coil comprises a shell which is provided with coil pins at the lower part; an I-shaped hollow coil framework is arranged in the shell; a coil is arranged on the hollow coil framework; the soft iron core is arranged in the hollow coil framework; the soft iron sheets are respectively arranged between two ends of the soft iron sheet and two ends of the hollow coil framework; and coils are arranged on the coil pins. The electromagnetic stirrer of the transdermal diffusion cell has the characteristics of being simple in structure, small in volume, free of noise, low in power consumption, durable, good in stirring effect and suitable for the transdermal vertical diffusion cells and horizontal diffusion cells in any heating manner.

The invention discloses a method for rapidly evaluating in-vitro release of an external preparation, and relates to the technical field of in-vitro release of medicines. Test equipment employed by thedevice is based on a Franz diffusion cell method; a proper inert and commercial artificial membrane is installed in a Franz diffusion cell system; in-vitro release test parameters are set; and an in-vitro release test of the model drug is tested. The technical effects that the method is simple and easy to implement, animal dissection is not needed, and individual differences of animal skin are eliminated are achieved.