A small aircraft engine multi-point rubbing fault simulation experiment device includes a rotor system, a drive system, a rubbing system, a support system, and a measurement and control system. The rotor system adopts a centrifugal compressor and a leaf disc integrated structure axial flow turbine, which is consistent with the real structure of the small aircraft engine; the drive system includesa motor, a speed increaser and a magnetic powder brake; the rubbing system includes a compressor rubbing structure, a turbine rubbing structure and a rotating shaft rubbing structure, wherein each structure is an independent structure, and the structures can be combined with each other to realize multi-position and multi-modal coupling rubbing; the measurement and control system includes a motor rotating speed controller, a motor comprehensive protector, a data collector, a displacement sensor and a vibration acceleration sensor, wherein the motor comprehensive protector can prevent damage tothe motor under a high load. The invention can realistically simulate multi-type rubbing faults of the small aircraft engine rotor system at multiple locations, and can be used to study the vibrationresponse of the small aircraft engine under a plurality of frictional coupling effects.