A large-size
structural plane first-order and second-order fluctuation grading sampling measurement method belongs to the technical field of
geotechnical engineering, and comprises the following steps: measuring the length of a
structural plane along a shearing direction, determining a frequency
demarcation point of first-order and second-order fluctuation components according to an
empirical formula, and determining a sampling interval of the first-order fluctuation components, performing sparse measurement on the large-size structural surface; the method comprises the following steps: arranging a plurality of small-
size measurement areas on a
structural plane, obtaining a two-dimensional
contour line or a three-dimensional structural plane morphology, extracting a second-order fluctuation component through
frequency domain filtering, calculating a fluctuation angle statistical characteristic, evaluating a measurement error based on a
confidence interval, and adaptively determining the measurement number of small-size structural planes; and establishing a random field model of the second-order fluctuating component, generating the second-order fluctuating component with the same size as the large-size structural plane, and superposing the second-order fluctuating component with the actually measured first-order fluctuating component to obtain a structural plane digital model. On the premise of guaranteeing the
measurement precision, the number of measurement points and the measurement
workload are reduced, and the applicability of large-size structural plane measurement
engineering is improved.