Elevator safety device

Abstract

The utility model relates to an elevator safety device which comprises a top beam, a traction rope and the like, the top beam is arranged at the tops of two side columns, the lower end of the traction rope penetrates through the top beam and is connected with an elevator car, the elevator car comprises an elevator car body and a protection box arranged at the top of the elevator car body, and the end of the traction rope extends into the protection box from top to bottom. A long strip plate, a first spring and an end bundle clamp are sequentially connected, and a plurality of tension springs are uniformly connected between the long strip plate and the inner bottom wall of the protection box; according to the device, the protection box is arranged at the top of the lift car body, and the strip plate, the tension spring, the Z-shaped lock rod and other assemblies are arranged in the protection box to form a safety protection mechanism. When the hoisting rope is broken, the long strip plate in the protection box rapidly moves downwards under the action of the tension spring and acts on the Z-shaped lock rod to enable the Z-shaped lock rod to rotate along the hinge center, the lower end of the Z-shaped lock rod stretches out of the protection box and then abuts against the teeth on the side columns to form a braking effect, and therefore the elevator car is prevented from continuing to fall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of elevator safety, in particular to an elevator safety device. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization, elevators, as an indispensable means of vertical transportation in modern high-rise buildings, have attracted increasing attention for their safety. However, elevator safety incidents occur frequently, especially as elevators age and mechanical parts age, posing serious challenges to their safety. In particular, the hoist rope, a core elevator component, is at risk of breaking under constant load. A broken hoist rope can cause the elevator car to fall, leading to a serious fall and posing a significant threat to passenger safety.

[0003] Existing safety devices typically rely on complex mechanical linkages and electrical control systems, which not only increases the complexity and maintenance difficulty of the equipment, but also can cause device failure due to aging of electrical components over long periods of use. Therefore, further improving elevator safety in the event of a rope breakage has become a pressing technical challenge. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned background technology, the utility model provides an elevator safety device, which significantly improves the safety performance of the elevator in the event of a traction rope breakage through a simple and effective mechanical structure.

[0005] The technical implementation scheme of the present utility model is: an elevator safety device, including a top beam, a traction rope, a car and two side columns, the top beam is arranged at the top of the two side columns, the lower end of the traction rope passes through the top beam and is connected to the car, the car includes a car body and a protection box arranged on the top of the car body, the end of the traction rope extends into the protection box from top to bottom, and is connected with a long strip, a first spring and an end clamp in sequence, a plurality of tension springs are evenly connected between the long strip and the bottom wall of the protection box, the two side walls of the protection box are symmetrically provided with through holes, and Z-shaped locking rods are hingedly provided at the through holes, the upper end of the Z-shaped locking rod extends to the bottom of the long strip, and the lower end can extend out of the protection box along the through hole, and a plurality of upward-inclined teeth are respectively provided on the opposite sides of the two side columns, and when the lower end of the Z-shaped locking rod extends out of the box, it abuts against the teeth on the same side.

[0006] Optionally, the teeth are evenly fixed along the height direction of the side column.

[0007] Optionally, the teeth are arranged in segments, and multiple teeth are connected together on a slider to form a tooth group. A vertical sliding groove adapted to the slider is opened on the side column. Multiple tooth groups slide in series from top to bottom on a vertical sliding rod. A second spring is arranged between two adjacent tooth groups. The second spring is sleeved on the vertical sliding rod, and the lower end of the lowermost second spring abuts against the extended end of the side column.

[0008] Optionally, two third springs are symmetrically arranged on the inner bottom wall of the protection box, and the third springs are vertically arranged, with the upper ends extending to the bottom of the upper end of the Z-shaped locking rod.

[0009] Optionally, a guide column is provided in the middle of the third spring, and the guide column includes a thin column and a sleeve. The length of the sleeve is smaller than the length of the thin column. The lower end of the thin column is fixed to the inner bottom wall of the protective box, and the sleeve is slidably mounted on the thin column. A cylinder head is formed on the top of the sleeve, and the diameter of the cylinder head is larger than the diameter of the third spring. The upper end of the third spring abuts against the bottom of the cylinder head, and the guide column limits the upper end movable stroke of the Z-shaped locking rod.

[0010] Optionally, a secondary protection mechanism is also included, including: two symmetrically arranged card blocks, a pressure beam and a locking pin; the card block is arranged on the outer top of the protection box, and the protection box is provided with a horizontal slide groove adapted to the card block. When the card block is extended, it abuts against the teeth on the same side; the pressure beam is arranged on the top of the card block and is fixedly connected to the protection box to enhance the strength of the protection box; a horizontal guide rod is provided between the two card blocks, and the side wall of the card block is provided with a sliding hole that slides with the guide rod, and a fourth spring is sleeved on the guide rod, and the two ends of the fourth spring respectively abut against the side walls of the two card blocks; the locking pin passes through the card block and the top wall of the protection box from top to bottom and is connected to the long strip, and the card block and the protection box are provided with pin holes adapted to the locking pin. When the long strip moves downward, the locking pin can be disengaged from the card block.

[0011] Optionally, a tertiary protection mechanism is further included, including two arc-shaped elastic steel plates, each of which is arranged at the upper end of the pressure beam to perform collision buffering when the elevator fails and hits the top.

[0012] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention has the following advantages: This device forms a safety mechanism by installing a protective box on top of the car body and arranging components such as a long strip, a tension spring, and a Z-shaped locking rod inside the protective box. When the traction rope breaks, the long strip inside the protective box rapidly moves downward under the action of the tension spring, acting on the Z-shaped locking rod, causing it to rotate along the hinge center. After the lower end of the Z-shaped locking rod extends out of the protective box, it contacts the teeth on the side column, creating a braking effect, thereby preventing the car from falling further.

[0013] Furthermore, by evenly distributing the teeth along the height of the side columns, the Z-shaped locking rod ensures effective engagement with the teeth at any height. This design ensures that no matter the height of the traction rope breaks, the Z-shaped locking rod can quickly find the corresponding teeth for braking, maximizing the device's responsiveness and reliability.

[0014] Furthermore, the segmented teeth, connected by sliders and vertical rods, provide the tooth assembly with a certain degree of elastic buffering capacity. When the Z-shaped locking rod contacts the tooth assembly, a second spring absorbs some of the impact force, reducing the severe vibration during braking and protecting the elevator structure and passengers. Furthermore, the tooth assembly design allows the meshing position of the teeth to be adjusted according to actual needs, enhancing the device's adaptability and flexibility.

[0015] Furthermore, two third springs, symmetrically positioned on the bottom wall of the protective box, effectively support the upper end of the Z-shaped locking rod and provide a certain cushioning effect when the Z-shaped locking rod moves downward. The third spring not only mitigates the impact force when the Z-shaped locking rod is triggered, but also provides auxiliary force when the Z-shaped locking rod returns to its original position, ensuring stable operation of the device.

[0016] Furthermore, the guide post effectively limits the travel of the upper end of the Z-shaped lock bar, ensuring it moves within a specified range and preventing excessive swing and deflection. The thin column and sleeve structure within the guide post provide stable guidance and support, enabling the third spring to function smoothly. This improves the movement precision and stability of the Z-shaped lock bar.

[0017] Additionally, the secondary protection mechanism provides additional safety. If the primary brake mechanism fails or is insufficient to achieve full braking, the secondary protection mechanism intervenes promptly, further enhancing the braking effect through the contact between the block and the teeth. The pressure beam not only enhances the structural strength of the protection box but also provides stable support for the block. The connection between the locking pin and the long plate ensures the coordination of the primary brake and the secondary protection mechanism, enhancing the overall safety of the device.

[0018] In addition, by setting up three protection mechanisms, it can provide buffer protection and reduce the impact force when the elevator fails and hits the top. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a longitudinal sectional view of the protection box of the present utility model.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the horizontal chute of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of the side column, tooth set, slide rod and second spring of the utility model.

[0023] The meanings of the reference numerals in the figure are: 1: top beam, 2: traction rope, 3: car, 31: car body, 32: protection box, 321: horizontal slide, 4: side column, 401: vertical slide, 402: extended end, 41: long strip, 42: first spring, 43: end clamp, 44: tension spring, 45: Z-shaped locking rod, 46: third spring, 47: guide column, 471: thin column, 472: sleeve, 473: cylinder head, 5: tooth, 51: tooth group, 6: slider, 7: slide rod, 71: second spring, 8: secondary protection mechanism, 81: block, 811: sliding hole, 82: pressure beam, 83: locking pin, 84: horizontal guide rod, 85: fourth spring, 86: pin hole, 9: arc-shaped elastic steel plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is hereby stated that any directional terms such as "up," "down," "left," "right," "front," "back," "inside," and "outside" that appear or will appear in this document are based solely on the accompanying drawings and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1 The elevator safety device shown in the figure includes a top beam 1, a traction rope 2, a car 3 and two side columns 4. The top beam 1 is set on the top of the two side columns 4. The lower end of the traction rope 2 passes through the top beam 1 and is connected to the car 3. The upper end of the traction rope 2 is connected to the traction machine. The car 3 consists of two parts, including a car body 31 and a protection box 32. Among them, the protection box 32 is set on the top of the car body 31. The lower end of the traction rope 2 extends from top to bottom into the protection box 32, and a long strip 41, a first spring 42 and an end clamp 43 are sequentially arranged at the end. The traction rope 2 is lifted up and passed through The over-end clamp 43 compresses the first spring 42 and pulls the protection box 32 through the long plate 41. A plurality of tension springs 44 are evenly connected between the long plate 41 and the inner bottom wall of the protection box 32. The tension springs 44 are evenly arranged along the length direction of the long plate 41. The tension springs 44 act together on the long plate 41 to provide a downward pulling force. When the traction rope 2 breaks, the tension spring 44 pulls the long plate 41 toward the bottom of the protection box 32. In addition, through holes are symmetrically opened on both side walls of the protection box 32, and a Z-shaped locking rod 45 is hinged at each through hole. For details, please refer to Figure 2The upper end of the Z-shaped locking rod 45 extends to the bottom of the long plate 41, and the lower end of the Z-shaped locking rod 45 can extend out of the protection box 32 along the through hole. A plurality of upwardly inclined teeth 5 are provided on opposite sides of the two side posts 4. When the upper end of the Z-shaped locking rod 45 is subjected to downward pressure from the long plate 41, it rotates a certain angle around the pivot. When the lower end of the Z-shaped locking rod 45 extends out of the box, it abuts against the teeth 5 on the same side, creating a braking effect. This structure prevents the elevator car from falling further, thereby protecting the safety of passengers inside the elevator.

[0026] It should be noted that there are two ways to set the teeth 5. One is that the teeth 5 are evenly fixed along the height direction of the side column 4. In this case, the lower end of the Z-shaped locking rod 45 and the teeth 5 are rigidly collided. This setting method has a fast braking speed.

[0027] The second is that the teeth 5 are arranged in sections, and a plurality of teeth 5 are connected to a slider 6 to form a tooth group 51. For details, please refer to Figure 4 A vertical slot 401 adapted for the slider 6 is provided at a corresponding position on the side post 4. Multiple tooth groups 51 slide sequentially from top to bottom and are connected in series on a vertical slide bar 7. A second spring 71 is provided between two adjacent tooth groups 51. The second spring 71 is sleeved on the vertical slide bar 7, with the lower end of the lowest second spring 71 abutting against the extended end 402 of the side post 4. When the extended Z-shaped locking rod 45 collides with the tooth 5, the second spring 71 creates a buffer zone. This second spring 71 absorbs some of the impact force, reducing the severe vibration during braking and ensuring a smoother braking process.

[0028] In addition, two third springs 46 are symmetrically arranged on the inner bottom wall of the protection box 32. The third springs 46 are arranged vertically, and the upper ends extend to the bottom of the upper end of the Z-shaped locking rod 45. The third springs 46 can support the Z-shaped locking rod 45 and provide assistance when the Z-shaped locking rod 45 is reset.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, a guide post 47 is provided through the middle of the third spring 46. The guide post 47 comprises a thin post 471 and a sleeve 472. The sleeve 472 is shorter than the thin post 471. The lower end of the thin post 471 is fixed to the inner bottom wall of the protective box 32. The sleeve 472 is slidably mounted on the thin post 471. A head 473 is formed on the top of the sleeve 472. The diameter of the head 473 is larger than that of the third spring 46. The upper end of the third spring 46 abuts against the bottom of the head 473. The guide post 47 limits the movable travel of the upper end of the Z-shaped locking rod 45. The provision of the guide post effectively limits the movable travel of the upper end of the Z-shaped locking rod, ensuring that it moves within a specified range, avoiding excessive swinging and deviation, and placing the Z-shaped locking rod at an optimal braking angle.

[0030] like Figure 2As shown, the device also includes a secondary protection mechanism 8; the secondary protection mechanism 8 adds another layer of protection on the basis of the main brake, and the secondary protection mechanism 8 includes: two symmetrically arranged blocks 81, a pressure beam 82 and a lock pin 83; the two blocks 81 are arranged on the outer top of the protection box 32, as shown Figure 3 As shown, a horizontal slide 321 adapted to the block 81 is provided on the protection box 32. When the block 81 is extended, it contacts the teeth 5 on the same side; this is similar to the braking principle of the Z-shaped lock rod. The pressure beam 82 is set on the top of the block 81 and is fixedly connected to the protection box 32. The pressure beam 82 is used to enhance the strength of the protection box 32. When the block 81 is extended, the block 81 collides with the teeth 5, causing a strong impact force. If the strength of the protection box 32 is weak, it may directly damage the box body. The pressure beam 82 and the protection box 32 are both made of high-strength steel. The mechanism also includes a component for driving the block 81 to move. A horizontal guide rod 84 is provided between the two blocks 81. The side wall of the block 81 is provided with a sliding hole 811 that slides with the guide rod. The guide rod 84 is sleeved with a fourth spring 85. The two ends of the fourth spring 85 respectively abut the side walls of the two clamping blocks 81; the two ends of the fourth spring 85 act on the two clamping blocks 81, driving them to move toward the sides of the protection box 32. When the elevator is operating normally, it is necessary to ensure that the clamping blocks 81 are in a retracted state. A locking pin 83 is provided that passes through the clamping blocks 81 and the top wall of the protection box 32 from top to bottom to achieve the locking of the clamping blocks 81. The lower end of the locking pin 83 is connected to the long strip 41. The clamping blocks 81 and the protection box 32 are provided with a pin hole 86 that is adapted to the locking pin 83. When the long strip 41 moves downward, the locking pin 83 can be disengaged from the clamping blocks 81. At this time, the clamping blocks 81 are sliding outward due to the elastic force of the fourth spring 85. By connecting the locking pin 83 to the long strip 41, the main brake and the secondary protection mechanism 8 are linked together. The dual brake structure further enhances the safety of the elevator.

[0031] like Figure 1 、 2 As shown, on the basis of the above, the device also includes a three-fold protection mechanism, which includes an arc-shaped elastic steel plate 9. There are two arc-shaped elastic steel plates 9, which are respectively arranged at the upper ends of the two pressure beams 82. The function of the three-fold protection mechanism is to perform collision buffering when the elevator fails and hits the top.

[0032] The safety device has a simple structure. Compared with complex electrical components such as sensors, the mechanical mechanism is more reliable, with lower failure rate and maintenance cost.

[0033] The above-described embodiments merely represent preferred embodiments of the present invention. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make various modifications, improvements, and substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An elevator safety device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a top beam (1), a traction rope (2), a car (3) and two side columns (4); the top beam (1) is arranged on the top of the two side columns (4); the lower end of the traction rope (2) passes through the top beam (1) and is connected to the car (3); the car (3) comprises a car body (31) and a protection box (32) arranged on the top of the car body (31); the end of the traction rope (2) extends from top to bottom into the protection box (32) and is sequentially connected to a long strip (41), a first spring (42) and an end clamp (43); the long strip A plurality of tension springs (44) are evenly connected between the side panels (41) and the inner bottom wall of the protection box (32). Through holes are symmetrically provided on both side walls of the protection box (32). Z-shaped locking rods (45) are hingedly provided at the through holes. The upper end of the Z-shaped locking rod (45) extends to the bottom of the long strip (41), and the lower end can extend out of the protection box (32) along the through hole. A plurality of upwardly inclined teeth (5) are respectively provided on the opposite sides of the two side columns (4). When the lower end of the Z-shaped locking rod (45) extends out of the box, it abuts against the teeth (5) on the same side.

2. The elevator safety device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The teeth (5) are evenly fixed along the height direction of the side column (4).

3. The elevator safety device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The teeth (5) are arranged in sections, and a plurality of teeth (5) are connected together on a slider (6) to form a tooth group (51). A vertical sliding groove (401) adapted to the slider (6) is provided on the side column (4). The plurality of tooth (5) groups slide in series from top to bottom on a vertical sliding rod (7). A second spring (71) is provided between two adjacent tooth (5) groups. The second spring (71) is sleeved on the vertical sliding rod (7), and the lower end of the second spring (71) at the lower end abuts against the extended end (402) of the side column (4).

4. The elevator safety device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Two third springs (46) are symmetrically arranged on the inner bottom wall of the protection box (32). The third springs (46) are arranged vertically, and the upper ends thereof extend to the bottom of the upper end of the Z-shaped locking rod (45).

5. The elevator safety device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A guide column (47) is provided in the middle of the third spring (46), and the guide column (47) includes a thin column (471) and a sleeve (472). The length of the sleeve (472) is less than the length of the thin column (471). The lower end of the thin column (471) is fixed on the inner bottom wall of the protection box (32), and the sleeve (472) is slidably sleeved on the thin column (471). A cylinder head (473) is formed on the top of the sleeve (472). The diameter of the cylinder head (473) is greater than the diameter of the third spring (46). The upper end of the third spring (46) abuts against the bottom of the cylinder head (473). The guide column (47) limits the upper end movable stroke of the Z-shaped locking rod (45).

6. The elevator safety device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The secondary protection mechanism (8) includes two symmetrically arranged clamping blocks (81), a pressure beam (82) and a locking pin (83); the clamping block (81) is arranged on the outer top of the protection box (32); the protection box (32) is provided with a horizontal sliding groove (321) adapted to the clamping block (81); when the clamping block (81) is extended, it abuts against the teeth (5) on the same side; The pressure beam (82) is arranged on the top of the clamping block (81) and is fixedly connected to the protection box (32) to enhance the strength of the protection box (32); A horizontal guide rod (84) is provided between the two clamping blocks (81), a sliding hole (811) is provided on the side wall of the clamping block (81) and is slidably matched with the guide rod, a fourth spring (85) is sleeved on the guide rod (84), and two ends of the fourth spring (85) respectively abut against the side walls of the two clamping blocks (81); The locking pin (83) penetrates the clamping block (81) and the top wall of the protection box (32) from top to bottom and is connected to the long strip plate (41). The clamping block (81) and the protection box (32) are provided with a pin hole (86) adapted to the locking pin (83). When the long strip plate (41) moves downward, the locking pin (83) can be separated from the clamping block (81).

7. The elevator safety device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a three-stage protection mechanism, comprising: two arc-shaped elastic steel plates (9), respectively arranged at the upper ends of the pressure beam (82), for collision buffering when the elevator fails and hits the top.

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