External spraying device of hard rock heading machine and heading machine

Abstract

The utility model provides an external spraying device of a hard rock heading machine and the heading machine, and relates to the technical field of heading machines, the external spraying device of the hard rock heading machine comprises a spraying head, a lifting structure and a pitching structure, the lifting structure is used for being connected to one end, facing a cutting head, of a motor box and is used for stretching and retracting in the vertical direction, and the pitching structure is used for pitching the spraying head. The pitching structure is used for being connected to the free end of the lifting structure, and the spray head is connected to the pitching structure and used for being arranged towards the cutting head. The lifting structure drives the pitching structure and the spray head to ascend in the positive direction of the Z axis together till water mist sprayed out of the spray head can cross over cutting teeth in the last row on the cutting head and is sprayed to cutting teeth in the foremost row of the cutting head, the pitching structure adjusts the pitching angle of the spray head, and the water mist is sprayed out of the spray head. Water mist sprayed by the spray head can cover all cutting picks from the most front row to the last row on the cutting head, so that all the cutting picks can be cooled by the water mist, the cooling effect of the cutting picks is improved, the service life of the cutting picks is prolonged, and the consumption rate of the cutting picks is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel boring machines, and in particular to an external spray device for a hard rock tunnel boring machine and the tunnel boring machine. Background Art

[0002] A hard rock tunnel boring machine (TBM) is a type of tunnel excavation equipment. During tunneling, the cutting head at the front of the machine cuts through the rocks in the tunnel. During this process, the cutting teeth on the cutting head heat up, requiring water spray cooling to increase their lifespan and reduce their wear rate. Currently, the most common spray device is installed on the motor box behind the cutting head. The multiple nozzles on the spray group form an overall diverging annular spray effect. However, the spray water flow is largely blocked by the cutting teeth in the rear row of the cutting head, preventing the cutting teeth at the front from being effectively cooled. Utility Model Content

[0003] The problem to be solved by the utility model is how to improve the cooling effect of the cutting head of a roadheader.

[0004] To this end, the utility model provides an external spray device for a hard rock tunnel boring machine, including a nozzle, a lifting structure and a pitching structure. The lifting structure is used to be connected to one end of the motor box facing the cutting head and is used to extend and retract in the vertical direction. The pitching structure is used to be connected to the free end of the lifting structure. The nozzle is connected to the pitching structure and is used to be set toward the cutting head.

[0005] Optionally, the lifting structure includes a piston cylinder, a fixed end of the piston cylinder is used to be connected to the motor box, and a telescopic end of the piston cylinder is connected to the pitch structure.

[0006] Optionally, the lifting structure also includes a guide rod and a guide ring, the telescopic end of the piston cylinder is provided with a connecting plate, the pitch structure is connected above the connecting plate, the central axis of the guide ring and the guide rod are parallel to the central axis of the piston cylinder, the guide ring is connected to the circumferential surface of the piston cylinder, the lower end of the guide rod is passed through the guide ring, and the upper end is connected to the connecting plate.

[0007] Optionally, the pitch structure includes a rotary cylinder, and the pitch structure is used to rotate in a vertical plane.

[0008] Optionally, the external spray device of the hard rock tunnel boring machine further includes a guardrail, which is used to be connected to the upper surface of the motor box on the side facing the cutting head and is used to be arranged between the cutting head and the lifting structure.

[0009] Optionally, the guardrail is a V-shaped structure, and the open end of the V-shaped structure is arranged in a direction away from the cutting head.

[0010] Optionally, the external spray device of the hard rock tunnel boring machine also includes a side spray structure, and the two side spray structures are used to be respectively connected to both sides of the motor box in the horizontal direction toward one end of the cutting head. The side spray structure is provided with multiple nozzles, and the nozzles are used to be set toward the cutting head.

[0011] Optionally, the external spray device of the hard rock tunnel boring machine further includes a distance sensor, which is used to be connected to the upper surface of the motor box, and the distance sensor is used to detect the distance between the nozzle and the tunnel roof.

[0012] Optionally, the nozzles, the lifting structures and the pitching structures are each in two groups, and the two groups of nozzles, the lifting structures and the pitching structures are used to be respectively arranged on both sides of the width direction of the motor box.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the external spray device of the hard rock tunnel boring machine of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The utility model arranges a lifting structure on one end of the motor box facing the cutting head, that is, the end facing the positive direction of the X-axis. The lifting structure extends along the Z-axis and can be telescoped in the Z-axis direction. The lifting structure is connected to the pitching structure and the nozzle in sequence on the end facing the positive direction of the Z-axis. The pitching structure can be deflected upward or downward in the vertical plane to adjust the pitching angle of the nozzle. The nozzle is arranged toward the cutting head and can spray water mist toward the cutting head. When working, the lifting structure drives the pitching structure and the nozzle to rise together in the positive direction of the Z-axis, until the water mist sprayed by the nozzle can pass over the last row of cutting teeth on the cutting head and be sprayed onto the front row of cutting teeth on the cutting head. The pitching structure adjusts the pitching angle of the nozzle so that the water mist sprayed by the nozzle can cover all cutting teeth on the cutting head from the front row to the back row, so that all cutting teeth can be cooled by the water mist, thereby improving the cooling effect of the cutting teeth, increasing the service life of the cutting teeth and reducing the cutting tooth consumption rate.

[0015] In addition, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention also provides a tunnel boring machine, comprising the hard rock tunnel boring machine external spray device described in any one of the above items.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the tunnel boring machine described in the present invention are roughly the same as the beneficial effects of the external spray device of the hard rock tunnel boring machine mentioned above, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the external spray device of the hard rock tunnel boring machine according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is the second structural diagram of the external spray device of the hard rock tunnel boring machine according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is the third structural diagram of the external spray device of the hard rock tunnel boring machine according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is the fourth structural diagram of the external spray device of the hard rock tunnel boring machine according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting structure described in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0022] Description of reference numerals:

[0023] 1-Spray head; 2-Lifting structure; 21-Piston cylinder; 22-Guide rod; 23-Guide ring; 24-Connecting plate; 3-Pitching structure; 4-Motor box; 5-Cutting head; 6-Guardrail; 7-Side spray structure; 8-Tunnel roof; 9-Distance sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the directions or positional relationships indicated by “up”, “down”, “left”, “right”, “top”, “bottom”, “front”, “back”, “inside” and “outside” are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0027] Furthermore, although the present invention is described herein with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present invention. It should be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments, and that other arrangements may be devised, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that features described herein may be combined in ways not described in the original claims. It should also be understood that features described in conjunction with individual embodiments may be used in other embodiments.

[0028] To solve the above problems, Figures 1 to 4As shown, the utility model provides an external spray device for a hard rock tunnel boring machine, comprising a nozzle 1, a lifting structure 2 and a pitching structure 3, wherein the lifting structure 2 is used to be connected to one end of a motor box 4 facing a cutting head 5, and is used to extend and retract in a vertical direction, the pitching structure 3 is used to be connected to the free end of the lifting structure 2, the nozzle 1 is connected to the pitching structure 3, and is used to be set toward the cutting head 5.

[0029] In this embodiment, a lifting structure 2 is provided on the end of the motor box 4 facing the cutting head 5, that is, the end facing the positive direction of the X-axis. The lifting structure 2 extends along the Z-axis and can be retracted and contracted in the Z-axis direction. The end of the lifting structure 2 facing the positive direction of the Z-axis is connected in sequence to the pitching structure 3 and the nozzle 1. The pitching structure 3 can be deflected upward or downward in the vertical plane to adjust the pitch angle of the nozzle 1. The nozzle 1 is set toward the cutting head 5 and can spray water mist toward the cutting head 5. During operation, the lifting structure 2 drives the pitching structure 3 and the nozzle 1 to rise together in the positive direction of the Z-axis, until the water mist sprayed by the nozzle 1 can pass over the last row of teeth on the cutting head 5 and be sprayed onto the front row of teeth on the cutting head 5. The pitching structure 3 adjusts the pitching angle of the nozzle 1 so that the water mist sprayed by the nozzle 1 can cover all the teeth on the cutting head 5 from the front row to the back row, so that all the teeth can be cooled by the water mist, thereby improving the cooling effect of the teeth, increasing the tooth life, and reducing the tooth consumption rate.

[0030] Specifically, when cooling is not required, the lifting structure 2 drives the nozzle 1 to move in the negative direction of the Z axis, so that the nozzle 1 is close to the motor box 4, thereby preventing the nozzle 1 from being extended too long and accidentally damaged.

[0031] Alternatively, as Figure 5 As shown, the lifting structure 2 includes a piston cylinder 21 , a fixed end of the piston cylinder 21 is used to be connected to the motor box 4 , and a telescopic end of the piston cylinder 21 is connected to the pitch structure 3 .

[0032] In this embodiment, the lifting device is set as a piston cylinder 21, the piston cylinder 21 includes a fixed end and a telescopic end, the fixed end is connected to the motor box 4, and the telescopic end, that is, the movable end of the lifting device, is connected to the pitch structure 3. The piston cylinder 21 is telescopic in the Z-axis direction, which is convenient for adjusting the height of the nozzle 1 in the Z-axis direction.

[0033] Specifically, the lifting structure 2 may also be a gear rack structure, and the gear drives the rack to move in the vertical direction.

[0034] Optionally, the lifting structure 2 also includes a guide rod 22 and a guide ring 23. The telescopic end of the piston cylinder 21 is provided with a connecting plate 24. The pitch structure 3 is connected above the connecting plate 24. The central axes of the guide ring 23 and the guide rod 22 are parallel to the central axis of the piston cylinder 21. The guide ring 23 is connected to the circumferential surface of the piston cylinder 21. The lower end of the guide rod 22 is passed through the guide ring 23, and the upper end is connected to the connecting plate 24.

[0035] In this embodiment, a guide ring 23 is provided on the circumferential surface of the piston cylinder 21, and the guide ring 23 is provided in the plane where the X-axis and Y-axis are located. A guide rod 22 is provided in the guide ring 23, and the axes of the guide rod 22 and the guide ring 23 both extend in the Z-axis direction. One end of the guide rod 22 in the positive direction of the Z-axis and the telescopic end of the piston cylinder 21 are both connected to the lower surface of the connecting plate 24, and the pitch structure 3 is connected to the upper surface of the connecting plate 24. When working, the telescopic end of the piston cylinder 21 extends, and the guide rod 22 moves along the Z-axis direction along the guide ring 23. The guide ring 23 provides a limiting effect for the guide rod 22 in the X-axis and Y-axis planes, so that the guide rod 22 can only move along the Z-axis direction, preventing the guide rod 22 and the connecting plate 24 from rotating with the extension direction of the piston cylinder 21 as the axis, thereby limiting the direction of the nozzle 1 to only toward the cutting head 5, preventing the nozzle 1 from rotating around the Z-axis.

[0036] Alternatively, as Figure 1 As shown, the pitch structure 3 includes a rotary cylinder, and the pitch structure 3 is used to rotate in a vertical plane.

[0037] In this embodiment, by setting the pitch structure 3 as a rotary cylinder, the rotary cylinder can rotate in the vertical plane, so that the nozzle 1 rotates toward the positive direction or negative direction of the Z axis to adjust the pitch angle of the nozzle 1, so that the water mist sprayed by the nozzle 1 can cover all the cutting teeth.

[0038] Specifically, the pitch structure 3 may also include a rotating shaft, a rotating shaft seat and a motor. The rotating shaft seat is connected to the upper end of the lifting structure 2, and the rotating shaft is connected to the nozzle 1. The motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate relative to the rotating shaft seat to achieve adjustment of the pitch angle of the nozzle 1.

[0039] Alternatively, as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the external spray device of the hard rock tunnel boring machine further includes a guardrail 6, which is used to be connected to the upper surface of the motor box 4 facing the cutting head 5 and is used to be arranged between the cutting head 5 and the lifting structure 2.

[0040] In this embodiment, a guardrail 6 is provided between the cutting head 5 and the lifting structure 2. The guardrail 6 is connected to the upper surface of the motor box 4 on the side facing the positive direction of the X-axis. The guardrail 6 can intercept the stones cut off by the cutting head 5 to prevent the stones from hitting the lifting structure 2 and causing damage to the lifting structure 2.

[0041] Alternatively, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the guardrail 6 is a V-shaped structure, and the open end of the V-shaped structure is used to be arranged in a direction away from the cutting head 5.

[0042] In this embodiment, the guardrail 6 is set as a V-shaped structure, the tip of the V-shaped structure is located in the middle position of the motor box 4 along the Y-axis direction, and the opening of the V-shaped structure is set toward the negative direction of the X-axis, so that when the stones cut by the cutting head 5 fall on the guardrail 6, they will slide to the two ends of the V-shaped structure, thereby preventing the stones from accumulating on the guardrail 6.

[0043] Alternatively, as Figure 1 As shown, the external spray device of the hard rock tunnel boring machine also includes a side spray structure 7, and the two side spray structures 7 are used to be respectively connected to the two sides of the motor box 4 along the horizontal direction toward one end of the cutting head 5, and a plurality of nozzles are provided on the side spray structure 7, and the nozzles are used to be set toward the cutting head 5.

[0044] In this embodiment, a side spray structure 7 is provided on both sides of the left and right sides along the Y-axis direction at one end of the motor box 4 facing the positive direction of the X-axis. The side spray structure 7 is provided with multiple nozzles facing the cutting head 5. The nozzles spray water mist toward the cutting head 5. The side spray structure 7 is used in conjunction with the nozzle 1 to improve the coverage rate of the water mist on the cutting teeth on the cutting head 5 and improve the cooling effect of the cutting teeth.

[0045] Alternatively, as Figure 2 As shown, the external spray device of the hard rock tunnel boring machine further includes a distance sensor 9, which is used to be connected to the upper surface of the motor box 4, and the distance sensor 9 is used to detect the distance between the nozzle 1 and the tunnel roof 8.

[0046] In this embodiment, a distance sensor 9 is provided on the side of the upper surface of the motor box 4 facing the cutting head 5. The distance sensor 9 can detect the distance between the nozzle 1 and the top surface of the tunnel. Figure 4 As shown, when the distance measured by the distance sensor 9 is too short, the lifting structure 2 does not extend in the positive direction of the Z axis, or extends in the Z axis direction for a short distance, and the pitching structure 3 adjusts the nozzle 1 to rotate in the positive direction of the Z axis to increase the elevation angle of the nozzle 1, so that the water mist sprayed by the nozzle 1 can cover all the picks; Figure 3 As shown, when the distance measured by the distance sensor 9 is large, the lifting structure 2 extends a long distance in the Z-axis direction or even fully extends, and the pitch structure 3 adjusts the nozzle 1 to rotate in the negative direction of the Z-axis to reduce the elevation angle of the nozzle 1, so that the water mist sprayed by the nozzle 1 can cover all the cutting teeth.

[0047] Specifically, before work, the safety monitoring distance of the distance sensor 9 can be set. During work, when the actual distance detected by the distance sensor 9 is less than the safety distance, the lifting structure 2 does not extend in the positive direction of the Z axis, or extends a shorter distance in the Z axis direction; when the actual distance detected by the distance sensor 9 is greater than or equal to the safety distance, the lifting structure 2 extends a longer distance in the Z axis direction or even extends it completely. The lifting structure 2 and the pitch structure 3 can adjust the nozzle 1 in real time according to the detection result of the distance sensor 9 to avoid the nozzle 1 from scraping against the top surface of the tunnel.

[0048] Alternatively, as Figure 1 As shown, the nozzle 1, the lifting structure 2 and the pitching structure 3 are each in two groups, and the two groups of the nozzle 1, the lifting structure 2 and the pitching structure 3 are used to be respectively arranged on both sides of the width direction of the motor box 4.

[0049] In this embodiment, the nozzles 1, lifting structures 2 and pitching structures 3 are arranged into two groups, and each group of nozzles 1, lifting structures 2 and pitching structures 3 is respectively arranged on both sides of the motor box 4 along the positive and negative directions of the Y-axis. The two groups of nozzles 1 work simultaneously, thereby increasing the coverage rate of the water mist on the cutting teeth on the cutting head 5 and improving the cooling effect of the cutting teeth.

[0050] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a tunnel boring machine, comprising the above-mentioned external spray device for the hard rock tunnel boring machine.

[0051] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the tunnel boring machine of this embodiment are substantially the same as the beneficial effects of the external spray device of the hard rock tunnel boring machine described above, and will not be described in detail here.

[0052] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An external spray device for a hard rock tunnel boring machine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a nozzle (1), a lifting structure (2) and a pitching structure (3); the lifting structure (2) is used to be connected to one end of a motor box (4) facing a cutting head (5) and is used to extend and retract in a vertical direction; the pitching structure (3) is used to be connected to the free end of the lifting structure (2); the nozzle (1) is connected to the pitching structure (3) and is used to be arranged toward the cutting head (5).

2. The external spray device of the hard rock tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting structure (2) comprises a piston cylinder (21), the fixed end of the piston cylinder (21) is used to be connected to the motor box (4), and the telescopic end of the piston cylinder (21) is connected to the pitch structure (3).

3. The external spray device of the hard rock tunnel boring machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting structure (2) also includes a guide rod (22) and a guide ring (23); the telescopic end of the piston cylinder (21) is provided with a connecting plate (24); the pitch structure (3) is connected above the connecting plate (24); the central axes of the guide ring (23) and the guide rod (22) are parallel to the central axis of the piston cylinder (21); the guide ring (23) is connected to the circumferential surface of the piston cylinder (21); the lower end of the guide rod (22) is passed through the guide ring (23), and the upper end is connected to the connecting plate (24).

4. The external spray device of the hard rock tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pitch structure (3) comprises a rotary oil cylinder, and the pitch structure (3) is used to rotate in a vertical plane.

5. The external spray device of the hard rock tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a guardrail (6), which is used to be connected to the upper surface of the motor box (4) on the side facing the cutting head (5) and is used to be arranged between the cutting head (5) and the lifting structure (2).

6. The external spray device of the hard rock tunnel boring machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The guardrail (6) is a V-shaped structure, and the open end of the V-shaped structure is used to be arranged in a direction away from the cutting head (5).

7. The external spray device of a hard rock tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a side spray structure (7), two of the side spray structures (7) are used to be respectively connected to both sides of the motor box (4) along the horizontal direction toward one end of the cutting head (5), and a plurality of nozzles are provided on the side spray structure (7), and the nozzles are used to be arranged toward the cutting head (5).

8. The external spray device of a hard rock tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a distance sensor (9), which is used to be connected to the upper surface of the motor box (4) and is used to detect the distance between the nozzle (1) and the tunnel roof (8).

9. The external spray device of a hard rock tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle (1), the lifting structure (2) and the pitching structure (3) are each in two groups, and the two groups of the nozzle (1), the lifting structure (2) and the pitching structure (3) are used to be respectively arranged on both sides of the width direction of the motor box (4).

10. A roadheader, characterized in that: It comprises the external spray device of a hard rock tunnel boring machine as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images