Battery module and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery module and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of vehicles, the battery module comprises: a housing having a mounting cavity; the battery cell is arranged in the mounting cavity; the fire extinguishing device is arranged in the mounting cavity and located above the battery cell, and the fire extinguishing device is provided with a jet orifice for jetting a fire extinguishing medium to the mounting cavity; and the heat insulation part is arranged between the fire extinguishing device and the battery cell so as to prevent heat of the jet orifice from being transferred to the battery cell below. According to the technical scheme provided by the utility model, the power battery is improved, and the thermal runaway of the battery pack is inhibited.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicles, and in particular to a battery module and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in new energy vehicles due to their high energy density and long cycle life. However, thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries during use can cause fires, resulting in personal injury and property damage. Utility Model Content

[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a battery module and a vehicle, aiming to suppress thermal runaway of the battery pack.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a battery module comprising:

[0005] a housing having a mounting cavity;

[0006] A battery cell is arranged in the installation cavity;

[0007] a fire extinguishing device, disposed in the mounting cavity and located above the battery cell, the fire extinguishing device having a spray port for spraying a fire extinguishing medium into the mounting cavity;

[0008] A heat insulating member is provided between the fire extinguishing device and the battery core to prevent the heat of the injection port from being transferred to the battery core below.

[0009] In one embodiment, the heat insulating member is configured as a heat insulating plate, one end of the heat insulating plate abuts against a surface of the injection port on a side close to the battery cell, and the other end extends along the injection direction of the injection port.

[0010] In one embodiment, the other end of the heat insulation board extends to a length of not less than 10 mm.

[0011] In one embodiment, the fire extinguishing device comprises:

[0012] a shell connected to the outer shell, wherein the injection port is provided on the shell;

[0013] Fire extinguishing material, disposed inside the housing; and

[0014] A thermal wire is provided above the battery cell, one end of the thermal wire extends into the shell and is connected to the fire extinguishing material, and the other end extends to the outside of the shell. The thermal wire is used to detect the internal temperature of the installation cavity to trigger the fire extinguishing material to form the fire extinguishing medium and spray it out from the injection port.

[0015] In one embodiment, a plurality of the battery cells are provided, and the thermal wire covers the plurality of the battery cells.

[0016] In one embodiment, the thermosensitive wire extends in an S-shaped curve.

[0017] In one embodiment, an explosion-proof valve port is provided on the housing, and the thermal line extends to the explosion-proof valve port.

[0018] In one embodiment, the housing has a first side wall and a second side wall adjacent to the first side wall, and the injection port extends from the first side wall to the second side wall.

[0019] In one embodiment, the first side wall is provided with a threading hole, and the thermal wire passes through the threading hole. The second side walls are provided with two opposite each other, and the two second side walls are provided on both sides of the threading hole. The two injection ports are provided, and one injection port extends to one second side wall, and the other injection port extends to the other second side wall.

[0020] In one embodiment, the fire extinguishing device is arranged in the middle of the shell; and / or the injection port is arranged on a side of the fire extinguishing device facing the front of the vehicle; and / or the fire extinguishing device is detachably connected to the shell.

[0021] The utility model also provides a vehicle, comprising:

[0022] body;

[0023] A battery module is provided at the bottom of the vehicle body, and the battery module is the battery module described above.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, in the technical solution of the present invention, a fire extinguishing device is arranged above the battery cell in the mounting cavity of the shell, and the fire extinguishing device is provided with a nozzle to discharge the fire extinguishing medium into the mounting cavity to isolate oxygen and reduce the concentration of combustible gas, so as to suppress thermal runaway of the battery pack, thereby increasing the escape time for passengers and reducing personal and property losses; in addition, a heat insulating member is also provided between the fire extinguishing device and the battery cell, and the heat insulating member can prevent the heat from being transferred from the nozzle to the battery cell below when the fire extinguishing device sprays the fire extinguishing medium, thereby avoiding the high temperature affecting the normal battery cell during fire extinguishing, reducing the possibility of thermal runaway of the normal battery cell, and achieving the effect of suppressing thermal runaway of the battery pack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0026] Figure 1A schematic structural diagram of the battery module provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shell and the heat insulation plate in the battery module provided by the present invention.

[0028] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0029] 100, outer shell; 110, installation cavity; 120, explosion-proof valve port; 200, battery cell; 300, fire extinguishing device; 310, shell; 311, first side wall; 312, second side wall; 313, threading port; 320, thermal wire; 400, thermal insulation; 500, injection port.

[0030] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), such directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the various components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0033] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited to "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, if "and / or" or "and / or" appears in the full text, its meaning includes three parallel schemes. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes scheme A, or scheme B, or a scheme in which A and B are satisfied at the same time. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is mutually contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0034] In order to suppress thermal runaway of the battery pack, the present technical solution proposes a battery module, including: a shell 100, having an installation cavity 110; a battery cell 200, arranged in the installation cavity 110; a fire extinguishing device 300, arranged in the installation cavity 110 and located above the battery cell 200, the fire extinguishing device 300 having a nozzle 500 to spray a fire extinguishing medium into the installation cavity 110; a heat insulating member 400, arranged between the fire extinguishing device 300 and the battery cell 200 to prevent the heat of the nozzle 500 from being transferred to the battery cell 200 below.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, in the technical solution of the present invention, a fire extinguishing device 300 is arranged above the battery cell 200 in the installation cavity 110 of the shell 100. The fire extinguishing device 300 is provided with a nozzle 500 to discharge a fire extinguishing medium into the installation cavity 110 to isolate oxygen and reduce the concentration of combustible gas, so as to suppress thermal runaway of the battery pack, thereby increasing the escape time for passengers and reducing personal and property losses; in addition, a heat insulating member 400 is also provided between the fire extinguishing device 300 and the battery cell 200. The heat insulating member 400 can prevent the fire extinguishing device 300 from transferring heat from the nozzle 500 to the battery cell 200 below when the fire extinguishing medium is sprayed, thereby avoiding the high temperature affecting the normal battery cell 200 during fire extinguishing, reducing the possibility of thermal runaway of the normal battery cell 200, and achieving the effect of suppressing thermal runaway of the battery pack.

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 2In one embodiment of the present invention, the battery module can be used as a power battery for a vehicle. The battery module includes a housing 100. The housing 100 is a rectangular box-shaped structure. The housing 100 is used to install the entire battery module on the body of the vehicle. A mounting cavity 110 is formed on the housing 100. The battery cell 200 is placed at the bottom of the mounting cavity 110. In addition, the housing 100 also has an upper cover that closes the mounting cavity 110. A fire extinguishing device 300 is also provided in the mounting cavity 110. The fire extinguishing device 300 is provided on the top of the battery cell 200. The side wall of the fire extinguishing device 300 is provided with a nozzle 500, which can spray the fire extinguishing medium into the installation cavity 110 in a horizontal direction. In this solution, the fire extinguishing medium can be aerogel or carbon dioxide. The fire extinguishing device 300 can sense the temperature inside the shell 100. When the temperature inside the shell 100 reaches a certain threshold, the fire extinguishing device 300 can be triggered to spray the fire extinguishing medium to discharge the combustible gas and oxygen in the shell 100 out of the shell 100, thereby achieving the effect of suppressing combustion and thermal runaway. In addition, in the present embodiment, the battery module further includes a thermal insulation member 400, which is disposed between the fire extinguishing device 300 and the battery cell 200. The thermal insulation member 400 may be a flat plate, curled or in other shapes to adapt to the spatial layout within the housing 100. The thermal insulation member 400 may be made of a refractory silicate board or other material having high temperature resistance and low thermal conductivity. In the present embodiment, the fire extinguishing device 300 may be an aerogel fire extinguishing agent. During the fire extinguishing process, the fire extinguishing agent burns to produce aerogel, which carries heat. The thermal insulation board may block heat from being transferred from the injection port 500 to the battery cell 200 below, thereby preventing the normally operating battery cell 200 from being damaged or causing new thermal runaway risks, and also suppressing thermal runaway.

[0037] like Figure 2 In one embodiment of the present invention, the heat insulating member 400 is configured as a heat insulating plate, one end of which abuts the surface of the injection port 500 on the side close to the battery cell 200, and the other end extends along the injection direction of the injection port 500. Specifically, the heat insulating plate has a flat structure, is arranged on the side of the injection port 500 close to the battery cell 200, and abuts the surface of the injection port 500. This ensures that the heat or fire extinguishing medium released from the injection port 500 does not directly act on the battery cell 200 below, thereby avoiding the risk of local overheating and damage to the battery cell 200. In addition, the heat insulating plate extends along the injection direction of the injection port 500, which can block heat transferred from top to bottom to a greater extent. At the same time, it can also guide the fire extinguishing medium so that it can quickly diffuse out in the horizontal direction, thereby improving fire extinguishing efficiency.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present invention, the other end of the heat insulation plate extends to a length of not less than 10 mm. Experimental verification shows that the heat insulation plate extends by at least 10 mm, which can effectively increase the length of the heat transfer path to the battery cell 200 below, thereby increasing the thermal resistance to reduce the impact of heat on the battery cell 200. In addition, considering the limited internal space of the battery module, 10 mm ensures sufficient thermal isolation performance while also taking into account the space requirements of other components in the entire installation cavity 110.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one embodiment of the present invention, the fire extinguishing device 300 includes:

[0040] The shell 310 is connected to the housing 100, and the injection port 500 is provided in the shell 310;

[0041] Fire extinguishing material, disposed inside the housing 310; and

[0042] Thermistor wire 320 is disposed above battery cell 200. One end of thermistor wire 320 extends into housing 310 and is connected to the fire extinguishing material, while the other end extends to the outside of housing 310. Thermistor wire 320 is used to detect the internal temperature of mounting cavity 110 to trigger the fire extinguishing material to form a fire extinguishing medium and eject it from nozzle 500.

[0043] In this embodiment, the shell 310 can be a box-shaped structure made of galvanized carbon steel. The use of this material can ensure that the fire extinguishing device 300 has sufficient structural strength to resist external impacts and ensure that the fire extinguishing device 300 can still work normally in the event of an accident. The shell 310 is connected to the outer shell 100 of the battery module, and the injection port 500 is set on the side wall of the shell 310; a fire extinguishing material is set inside the shell 310. The fire extinguishing material can be aerogel, carbon dioxide or other substances suitable for extinguishing electrical fires. The fire extinguishing material is set in a solid state; in addition, the fire extinguishing device 300 also includes a thermal wire 320. The thermal wire 320 can adopt mature models and specifications on the market. In this solution, a 185°C triggered thermal wire 320 is used. This model of thermal wire 320 is a mature product and does not require customization. It has high versatility. One end of the thermal wire 320 extends into the shell 310 and directly contacts the fire extinguishing material or is connected through an ignition head, while the other end extends to the outside of the shell 310. Once the temperature in the area where the thermal wire 320 is located reaches a preset safety threshold, the thermal wire 320 can immediately burn, activating the fire extinguishing material to start generating a fire extinguishing medium and spraying it outward through the nozzle 500, thereby suppressing thermal runaway of the battery.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present invention, multiple battery cells 200 are provided, and the thermal wire 320 covers multiple battery cells 200. In this embodiment, considering that a battery module is typically composed of multiple battery cells 200, in order to comprehensively monitor the status of each battery cell 200 and ensure timely response, the thermal wire 320 can cover the area above all battery cells 200. To ensure convenient assembly of the battery cells 200, the thermal wire 320 can be spaced apart from the battery cells 200. This ensures that any abnormal temperature rise in any local area within the installation cavity 110 can be detected by the thermal wire 320, enabling timely fire extinguishing, reducing the scope of damage caused by thermal runaway of the battery, and improving safety.

[0045] like Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, the thermal wire 320 extends in an S-shaped curve. This extension method allows the thermal wire 320 to be laid more evenly on the multiple battery cells 200 in the battery module, and this extension method can increase the contact area between the thermal wire 320 and the gas in the installation cavity 110, thereby improving the accuracy of temperature detection and the response speed of the fire extinguishing device 300.

[0046] like Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, an explosion-proof valve port 120 is provided on the housing 100, and the thermal wire 320 extends to the explosion-proof valve port 120. In order to further enhance the safety of the battery module, in this embodiment, an explosion-proof valve port 120 is also provided on the side wall of the housing 100. An explosion-proof valve can be installed at the explosion-proof valve port 120. The explosion-proof valve port 120 can release the internal pressure of the installation cavity 110 in the event of thermal runaway, thereby preventing the battery module from exploding. In addition, in this embodiment, since the explosion-proof valve port 120 is the first place where the internal gas of the battery module contacts the external gas, combustion is more likely to occur at the explosion-proof valve port 120. The extension of one end of the thermal wire 320 to the explosion-proof valve port 120 allows the fire extinguishing device 300 to detect and extinguish the fire in advance when combustion occurs at the explosion-proof valve port 120, thereby suppressing thermal runaway of the battery module in advance, thereby preventing the thermal runaway from worsening and reducing the probability of accidents.

[0047] like Figure 2In one embodiment of the present invention, the housing 310 has a first side wall 311 and a second side wall 312 adjacent to the first side wall 311, and the injection port 500 extends from the first side wall 311 to the second side wall 312. In this embodiment, the housing 310 has adjacent first and second side walls 311 and 312, and the injection port 500 can extend from the first side wall 311 to the second side wall 312. This allows the fire extinguishing medium to be simultaneously ejected from multiple directions, such as perpendicular to the second side wall 312 and perpendicular to the first side wall 311, thereby increasing the range of the ejection. This can increase the flow rate of the fire extinguishing medium, allowing the fire extinguishing medium to quickly fill the entire installation cavity 110, thereby improving the fire extinguishing efficiency. In addition, compared to single-point or single-directional ejection, this multi-directional ejection can reduce blind spots, allowing the fire extinguishing medium to reach the area where thermal runaway occurs in a short time, effectively improving the fire extinguishing effect.

[0048] like Figure 2 In one embodiment of the present invention, the first side wall 311 is provided with a threading hole 313, and the thermal wire 320 passes through the threading hole 313. Two second side walls 312 are provided opposite to each other, and the two second side walls 312 are provided on both sides of the threading hole 313. Two injection ports 500 are provided, one of the injection ports 500 extends to one second side wall 312, and the other injection port 500 extends to the other second side wall 312. In this embodiment, a threading hole 313 can be set in the middle of the first side wall 311, and the threading hole 313 is connected to the installation cavity 110. One end of the thermal wire 320 can pass through the threading hole 313 and penetrate into the installation cavity 110 to connect with the fire extinguishing material. Two second side walls 312 are relatively provided, which are respectively located on both sides of the first side wall 311 in the horizontal direction. In addition, two injection ports 500 are also provided. The two injection ports 500 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the threading hole 313, one of the injection ports 500 extends from the first side wall 311 to one second side wall 312, and the other injection port 500 extends from the first side wall 311 to the other second side wall 312. This increases the number of injection ports 500 and improves the efficiency of fire extinguishing medium injection. In addition, the two injection ports 500 have different injection directions on the two second side walls 312, which can further reduce dead angles and ensure that every corner in the installation cavity 110 can be covered.

[0049] like Figure 1 and Figure 2In one embodiment of the present invention, the fire extinguishing device 300 is located in the middle of the housing 100. This ensures that the time it takes for the fire extinguishing medium to diffuse to any corner of the mounting cavity 110 is similar, allowing the fire extinguishing medium to be more evenly distributed throughout the battery module. This ensures that no matter where a fire occurs, the fire extinguishing medium can quickly cover it, thereby improving the timeliness of fire extinguishing. In another embodiment of the present invention, the injection port 500 is located on the side of the fire extinguishing device 300 facing the front of the vehicle. Since the front of the vehicle is more prone to collisions and the front is the first to come into contact with the external airflow, it is more likely to produce an open flame. Therefore, the injection port 500 sprays the fire extinguishing medium toward the front of the vehicle to extinguish the open flame in a timely manner, thereby improving the efficiency of fire extinguishing. In addition, in another embodiment of the present invention, the fire extinguishing device 300 is detachably connected to the housing 100. Specifically, a lug can be provided on the shell 310 of the fire extinguishing device 300, and the lug can be screwed to the housing 100 by screws. This facilitates the maintenance and replacement of the fire extinguishing device 300.

[0050] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery module, characterized in that: include: a housing having a mounting cavity; A battery cell is arranged in the installation cavity; a fire extinguishing device, disposed in the mounting cavity and located above the battery cell, the fire extinguishing device having a spray port for spraying a fire extinguishing medium into the mounting cavity; A heat insulating member is provided between the fire extinguishing device and the battery core to prevent the heat of the injection port from being transferred to the battery core below.

2. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein: The heat insulating member is configured as a heat insulating plate, one end of which abuts against a surface of the injection port on a side close to the battery core, and the other end of which extends along the injection direction of the injection port.

3. The battery module according to claim 2, wherein: The other end of the heat insulation board extends to a length of not less than 10 mm.

4. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein: The fire extinguishing device comprises: a shell connected to the outer shell, wherein the injection port is provided on the shell; Fire extinguishing material, disposed inside the housing; and A thermal wire is provided above the battery cell, one end of the thermal wire extends into the shell and is connected to the fire extinguishing material, and the other end extends to the outside of the shell. The thermal wire is used to detect the internal temperature of the installation cavity to trigger the fire extinguishing material to form the fire extinguishing medium and spray it out from the injection port.

5. The battery module according to claim 4, wherein: There are a plurality of battery cells, and the thermal wire covers the plurality of battery cells.

6. The battery module according to claim 5, wherein: The thermal line extends in an S-shaped curve.

7. The battery module according to claim 4, wherein: An explosion-proof valve port is provided on the shell, and the thermal line extends to the explosion-proof valve port.

8. The battery module according to claim 4, wherein: The shell has a first side wall and a second side wall adjacent to the first side wall, and the injection port extends from the first side wall to the second side wall.

9. The battery module according to claim 8, wherein: The first side wall is provided with a threading hole, and the thermal wire passes through the threading hole. The second side walls are provided with two opposite each other, and the two second side walls are provided on both sides of the threading hole. The two injection ports are provided, and one injection port extends to one second side wall, and the other injection port extends to the other second side wall.

10. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein: The fire extinguishing device is arranged in the middle of the shell; and / or the injection port is arranged on a side of the fire extinguishing device facing the front of the vehicle; and / or the fire extinguishing device is detachably connected to the shell.

11. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: body; A battery module is provided at the bottom of the vehicle body, wherein the battery module is the battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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