Battery and electronic device
By connecting the conductive separator with the empty foil area of the battery cell, the welding space for the tabs is eliminated, which solves the problem of low battery energy density and achieves high energy density and excellent charge and discharge performance.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422041470.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-30
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-21
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the energy density of batteries is low, mainly because tab welding space and separator welding space need to be set between battery cells, resulting in low space utilization.
Conductive separators are used to connect the empty foil area of the battery cell, eliminating the space for tab welding, and the battery cells are connected in series through conductive adhesive bonding, thereby improving space utilization.
It improves the energy density and charge and discharge performance of the battery, reduces production costs, and enhances the safety and service life of the battery.
Smart Images

Figure CN223401725U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery and an electronic device. Background Art
[0002] In related technologies, in order to improve the energy density of the battery, multiple battery cells are connected in series inside the battery to form an inner-string battery. In the inner-string battery, adjacent battery cells need to be separated by partitions, and the battery cells need to be designed with tabs for series connection with each other. In some technologies, the partition is provided with protrusions corresponding to the tabs, and the tabs of adjacent battery cells are connected to the protrusions of the partition. Not only does it need to reserve tab welding space on the battery cell's pole piece, but it also needs to reserve welding space between the tabs and the partition inside the battery, which leads to low energy density of the battery. Utility Model Content
[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the prior art. To this end, the present invention provides a battery with a high energy density.
[0004] The utility model also provides an electronic device comprising the battery.
[0005] A battery according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention includes: a housing, a separator, and a battery cell.
[0006] The shell has a accommodating cavity; the partition is a conductive structure, the battery includes at least one partition, and the partition is arranged in the accommodating cavity so that the accommodating cavity forms a plurality of independent sub-accommodating cavities distributed along a first direction; the battery core includes a cathode sheet and an anode sheet that are stacked and wound, the battery includes a plurality of battery cells, and each sub-accommodating cavity is provided with one battery cell. In the first direction, in every two adjacent battery cells, the empty foil area at the end of the anode sheet of one battery cell is connected to the partition, and the empty foil area at the end of the cathode sheet of the other battery cell is connected to the partition, so that the adjacent battery cells are electrically connected in series.
[0007] The battery according to the embodiment of the present utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0008] In this embodiment, the empty foil area at the end of the anode sheet of one of the two adjacent battery cells is connected to the partition, and the empty foil area at the end of the cathode sheet of the other battery cell is connected to the partition, so that the adjacent battery cells are connected in series without the need to set up tabs. Therefore, there is no need to reserve tab welding space on the electrode sheet of the battery cell, and there is no need to weld the tabs and the partition, thereby improving the energy density of the battery, so that the battery of this embodiment has a higher energy density.
[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the separator is bonded to the empty foil area of the battery cell by conductive adhesive.
[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the two adjacent battery cells, the area where the empty foil area at the end of the anode sheet of one battery cell is connected to the partition is the second contact area, and the area of the second contact area is S2; the area where the empty foil area at the end of the cathode sheet of the other battery cell is connected to the partition is the first contact area, and the area of the first contact area is S1. The overlapping area of the second contact area and the first contact area is S3, S3 / S1>0.9, S3 / S2>0.9.
[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the shell is an aluminum-plastic film, and the edge of the partition is further surrounded by packaging glue, and the partition is heat-sealed with the shell through the packaging glue.
[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, along the first direction, the size of the separator is 10 μm to 30 μm.
[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the battery further comprises a conductive adhesive, which is located on two opposite surfaces of the partition and is used to bond the partition to the empty foil area of the battery cell. Along the first direction, the size of the conductive adhesive is smaller than the size of the packaging adhesive.
[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the partition is a rectangular structure, the packaging glue includes multiple packaging parts, and the multiple packaging parts are arranged along the edge of the partition. The packaging parts have a set width, and the width of each packaging part is greater than or equal to 2200μm.
[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, along the first direction, the size of the packaging glue is 20 μm to 40 μm.
[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, the conductivity of the separator is greater than 0.8×10 7 s / m.
[0017] An electronic device according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention includes: the battery described in the embodiment of the first aspect.
[0018] The electronic device according to the embodiment of the present utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0019] A battery using the embodiment of the first aspect is configured such that the empty foil area at the end of the anode sheet of one of two adjacent battery cells is connected to a partition, and the empty foil area at the end of the cathode sheet of the other battery cell is connected to a partition, so that the adjacent battery cells are connected in series without the need to set up tabs. As a result, there is no need to reserve tab welding space on the electrode sheets of the battery cells, and at the same time, there is no need to weld the tabs to the partitions, thereby increasing the energy density of the battery and thereby increasing the service life of the electronic device of this embodiment.
[0020] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and will become apparent from the following description or learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:
[0022] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a battery according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Magnified view of area A in the middle;
[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of conductive adhesive and packaging adhesive in another battery according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present utility model;
[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 sectional view of .
[0026] Reference numerals:
[0027] Housing 100, accommodating chamber 110, sub-accommodating chamber 111;
[0028] Partition 200;
[0029] Battery cell 300, cathode sheet 310, first empty foil area 311, anode sheet 320, second empty foil area 321;
[0030] Conductive adhesive 400;
[0031] Packaging glue 500, packaging part 510;
[0032] A first contact area 600 and a second contact area 700 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.
[0035] In the description of this utility model, "several" means more than one, "plurality" means more than two, "greater than," "less than," and "exceed" are understood to exclude the number itself, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the number itself. The use of the terms "first" and "second" is solely for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, implicitly specifying the number of the indicated technical features, or implicitly specifying the order of the indicated technical features.
[0036] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, and connecting should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.
[0037] In related technologies, in order to improve the energy density of the battery, multiple battery cells are connected in series inside the battery to form an inner-string battery. In the inner-string battery, adjacent battery cells need to be separated by partitions, and the battery cells need to be designed with tabs for series connection with each other. In some technologies, the partition is provided with protrusions corresponding to the tabs, and the tabs of adjacent battery cells are connected to the protrusions of the partition. Not only does it need to reserve tab welding space on the battery cell's pole piece, but it also needs to reserve welding space between the tabs and the partition inside the battery, which leads to low energy density of the battery.
[0038] Based on the above problems, the first embodiment of the present invention proposes a battery with higher energy density. Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a battery according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention. Figure 2 for Figure 1 In the enlarged view of area A, the battery of this embodiment includes: a housing 100 , a separator 200 and a battery cell 300 .
[0039] Among them, the shell 100 can be, for example, a steel shell, an aluminum shell or an aluminum-plastic film, and the shell 100 has a accommodating cavity 110, which is used to accommodate the battery cell 300 and the electrolyte, etc. The partition 200 is a conductive structure made of aluminum, copper, silver or a composite material. The battery includes at least one partition 200, which is arranged in the accommodating cavity 110 and is sealed with the inner wall of the accommodating cavity 110 so that the accommodating cavity 110 forms a plurality of independent sub-accommodating cavities 111 distributed along the first direction.
[0040] The battery cell 300 includes a cathode sheet 310, an anode sheet 320, and a separator. The battery includes multiple battery cells 300, with one battery cell 300 disposed in each sub-cavity 111. In a first direction, in each pair of adjacent battery cells 300, the hollow foil region at the end of the anode sheet 320 of one battery cell 300 is connected to the separator 200, and the hollow foil region at the end of the cathode sheet 310 of the other battery cell 300 is connected to the separator 200, so that the adjacent battery cells 300 are electrically connected in series. For ease of description, the hollow foil region at the end of the cathode sheet 310 is referred to as the first hollow foil region 311, and the hollow foil region at the end of the anode sheet 320 is referred to as the second hollow foil region 321. The connection method between the first hollow foil region 311 and the second hollow foil region 321 and the separator 200 includes, but is not limited to, welding or gluing, as long as the electrical connection between the first hollow foil region 311 and the second hollow foil region 321 can be ensured.
[0041] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first empty foil area 311 of the cathode sheet 310 and the second empty foil area 321 of the anode sheet 320 are directly connected to the partition 200 without the need to set up tabs. Therefore, there is no need to reserve tab welding space on the electrode sheet of the battery cell 300, and there is no need to weld the tabs and the partition 200, thereby improving the energy density of the battery, so that the battery of this embodiment has a higher energy density.
[0042] In addition, in this embodiment, compared with the prior art method of leading out the tab and then electrically connecting the tab to the partition 200, the area of the led-out tab needs to be much smaller than the area of the battery cell 300, where the optimal tab length scheme is the gap between the battery cell 300 and the shell 100. In this embodiment, the lengths of the first empty foil area 311 and the second empty foil area 321 are equal to the width of the cathode sheet 310 and the width of the anode sheet 320, respectively. In the battery, the gap between the battery cell 300 and the shell 100 is much smaller than the width of the battery cell 300 tab, otherwise it will affect the space utilization of the battery cell 300 and cause energy density loss. Therefore, in this embodiment, the electrical contact area between the battery cell 300 and the partition 200 is larger, which is more conducive to electron conduction, thereby improving the battery charge and discharge performance.
[0043] It should be noted that the attached Figure 1The fact that the middle battery has two battery cells 300 cannot be interpreted as the only limitation to this embodiment. The number of battery cells 300 can also be any number such as three, four or five.
[0044] In some embodiments, the separator 200 is bonded to the hollow foil area of the battery cell 300 via a conductive adhesive 400, i.e., both the first hollow foil area 311 and the second hollow foil area 321 are bonded to the separator 200 via a conductive adhesive. Specifically, it is understood that when the connection is made via a welding structure, the hollow foil area (a general term for the first hollow foil area 311 and the second hollow foil area 321, the same below unless otherwise specified) will not only be thermally deformed due to high temperature, but will also form an uneven weld structure on the surface of the hollow foil area, posing a risk of cutting the inner diaphragm. However, in this embodiment, bonding via a conductive adhesive 400 not only avoids thermal deformation of the hollow foil area, but also ensures the flatness of the hollow foil area wrapping surface, thereby preventing the diaphragm from being cut, thereby improving the safety of the battery. Furthermore, the interconnection process of the conductive adhesive 400 is simple, with fewer process steps, thereby shortening the production cycle and reducing production costs, which is conducive to improving production efficiency.
[0045] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of conductive glue and packaging glue in another battery according to the first embodiment of the utility model. Figure 4 for Figure 3 In a cross-sectional view, in some embodiments, the housing 100 is an aluminum-plastic film, and a sealing adhesive 500 is further provided around the edge of the separator 200. The separator 200 and the housing 100 are heat-sealed together using the sealing adhesive 500. Specifically, it is understood that the aluminum-plastic film is relatively thin, and welding connection can easily cause the aluminum-plastic film to crack or deform. However, heat-sealing connection using the sealing adhesive 500 does not require high temperatures and therefore does not cause thermal damage to the aluminum-plastic film, thereby ensuring the quality and mechanical properties of the aluminum-plastic film, thereby improving the quality of the battery.
[0046] In some embodiments, the separator 200 has a size of 10 μm to 30 μm along the first direction. For example, the separator 200 has a size of 10 μm, 20 μm, or 30 μm. Specifically, the separator 200 primarily serves to isolate the sub-cavities 111. Therefore, for the energy density of the battery, the smaller the space occupied by the separator 200, the better. That is, the thinner the separator 200, the better. However, when the separator 200 is too thin, not only does it reduce its strength, but it also increases processing difficulty. When the strength of the separator 200 is too low, it is prone to breakage during use, and increased processing difficulty increases processing costs. Therefore, in this embodiment, the thickness of the separator 200 is set within an appropriate range. That is, along the first direction, the separator 200 has a size of 10 μm to 30 μm. This ensures that the battery has a high energy density while reducing battery processing costs while ensuring that the separator 200 has a certain strength.
[0047] Reference Figure 4 In some embodiments, the partition 200 has a rectangular structure, and the encapsulation glue 500 includes a plurality of encapsulation parts 510. The plurality of encapsulation parts 510 are arranged along the edge of the partition 200. The encapsulation part 510 has a set width. The width of the encapsulation part 510 is greater than or equal to 2200 μm. Specifically, the minimum effective seal of the aluminum-plastic film is usually 1.2 mm, and in order to ensure the reliability of the connection, a margin of about 0.5 mm must be retained on both the inner and outer sides of the position where the aluminum-plastic film is connected. Therefore, the width of the encapsulation part 510 is equal to 2.2 mm.
[0048] Reference Figure 4 In some embodiments, the battery further includes a conductive adhesive 400, which is located on two opposite surfaces of the separator 200 and is used to bond the separator 200 to the empty foil area of the battery cell 300. Along the first direction, the size of the conductive adhesive 400 is smaller than the size of the packaging adhesive 500 to reduce the thickness of the battery cell 300 area and improve the energy density.
[0049] Specifically, the encapsulant 500 is located at the edge of the separator 200, connecting to the aluminum-plastic film and simultaneously completing the encapsulation of the aluminum-plastic film. Therefore, the encapsulant 500 needs to be sufficiently thick to ensure the connection between the separator 200 and the aluminum-plastic film, as well as the encapsulation of the aluminum-plastic film. The conductive adhesive 400 is located in the central region of the separator 200, connecting the battery cells 300 to the separator 200. The connection area between the hollow foil area of the battery cells 300 and the separator 200 is larger than the connection area between the aluminum-plastic film and the separator 200. Therefore, the conductive adhesive 400 can be thinner, and thinning the conductive adhesive 400 can also increase the energy density of the battery. Therefore, in this embodiment, the size of the conductive adhesive 400 along the first direction is smaller than that of the encapsulant 500. For example, in some embodiments, the size of the encapsulant 500 along the first direction is 20μm to 40μm, for example, 20μm, 30μm, or 40μm. Specifically, along the first direction, the size of the encapsulation glue 500 is a. When a is too small, the processing difficulty is greater, resulting in increased processing costs. If a is too large, the energy density of the battery will be too low. Based on this, in this embodiment, a is set within a suitable range, that is, 20μm≤a≤40μm.
[0050] Reference Figure 2 In some embodiments, among two adjacent battery cells 300, the area where the second hollow foil area 321 of one battery cell 300 is connected to the separator 200 is the second contact area 700, and the area of the second contact area 700 is S2. The area where the first hollow foil area 311 of the other battery cell 300 is connected to the separator 200 is the first contact area 600, and the area of the first contact area 600 is S1. The overlapping area of the second contact area 700 and the first contact area 600 is S3, S3 / S1>0.9, S3 / S2>0.9, that is, the area directly opposite to the first contact area 600 accounts for more than 90% of the area of the second contact area 700 and the first contact area 600.
[0051] Specifically, conductivity refers to the ability of a material to transmit current, primarily due to the movement of charge carriers. In conductors such as metals, free electrons are the primary charge carriers. Under the influence of an applied electric field, they migrate in a directional manner to form current. The faster the electrons flow in a conductor, the better the conductor's conductivity, which in turn reduces the battery's internal resistance. In this embodiment, the larger the area facing the second contact region 700 and the first contact region 600, the shorter the distance electrons travel between the second hollow foil region 321 and the first hollow foil region 311. Specifically, the larger the area facing the second contact region 700 and the first contact region 600, the faster the electrons travel between the first hollow foil region 311 and the second hollow foil region 321. This improves conductivity between the battery cells 300 and, consequently, the charge and discharge performance of the battery of this embodiment. Therefore, in this embodiment, S3 / S1 is set to greater than 0.9 and S3 / S2 is set to greater than 0.9, resulting in a larger facing area between the second contact region 700 and the first contact region 600, thereby improving battery performance.
[0052] In addition, when S3 / S1 and S3 / S2 are too low, the contact surface alignment between the two adjacent battery cells 300 and the partition is poor, which will result in the pressure in the staggered area not being applied properly during the formation pressure application process, causing the formation gas to be unable to be completely discharged and affecting the interface contact, thereby causing point-like insufficient lithium insertion and point-like lithium precipitation, resulting in a decrease in capacity. In this embodiment, S3 / S1>0.9, S3 / S2>0.9 can effectively improve this problem.
[0053] In some embodiments, the conductivity of the separator 200 is greater than 0.8×10 7 s / m. Specifically, in a battery, the higher the conductivity, the smaller the resistance encountered by electrons when transmitting inside the battery, thereby reducing energy loss and improving battery efficiency. Based on this, the conductivity of the separator 200 in this embodiment is greater than 0.8×10 7 s / m, thereby improving the performance of the battery.
[0054] Specifically, refer to the following table, which shows experimental data obtained by conducting experiments based on different conductivity, S3 / S1, and S3 / S2 of the separator 200.
[0055] Example Conductivity of isolation board s / m <![CDATA[S3 / S1]]> <![CDATA[S3 / S2]]> Battery internal resistance mΩ 0.2C capacity mAh 5C rate discharge capacity retention rate Lithium deposition at the formation interface Comparative Example 1 <![CDATA[0.75×10 6 ]]> 0.95 0.95 40.8 2670 60.77% No lithium plating Example 1 <![CDATA[0.8×10 7 ]]> 0.95 0.95 22.4 2671 80.65% No lithium plating Example 3 <![CDATA[3.77×10 7 ]]> 0.95 0.95 15.8 2671 90.32% No lithium plating Example 4 <![CDATA[5.95×10 7 ]]> 0.95 0.95 13.5 2671 94.89% No lithium plating Example 5 <![CDATA[5.95×10 7 ]]> 0.85 0.85 15.7 2567 93.00% Severe lithium deposition Example 6 <![CDATA[5.95×10 7 ]]> 0.90 0.90 14.8 2635 94.10% Slight lithium deposition Example 7 <![CDATA[5.95×10 7 ]]> 0.98 0.98 12.5 2675 95.31% No lithium plating
[0056] By comparing Example 1 with Comparative Example 1, it can be found that when the conductivity of the separator 200 is ≥ 0.8×10 7 , which can meet the battery 5C rate discharge performance requirement (greater than 80%), and it can be seen from Examples 1 to 4 that as the conductivity of the separator 200 becomes larger, the internal resistance of the battery gradually becomes smaller, that is, the electron conduction rate is faster, thereby making the battery cell 5C discharge performance better.
[0057] It can be seen from Examples 5 to 7 that as S3 / S1 and S3 / S2 gradually increase, the internal resistance of the battery gradually decreases, and at the same time, the lithium plating of the battery in the formation stage gradually decreases. When S3 / S1 and S3 / S2 both reach 0.9, the battery only has slight lithium plating in the formation stage, which can meet the use requirements. Therefore, in this application, S3 / S1>0.9 and S3 / S2>0.9 are set to ensure the performance of the battery.
[0058] An electronic device according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention comprises: a battery according to an embodiment of the first aspect. In the battery, the hollow foil area at the end of the anode sheet 320 of one of two adjacent battery cells 300 is connected to the separator 200, and the hollow foil area at the end of the cathode sheet 310 of the other battery cell 300 is connected to the separator 200, so that the adjacent battery cells 300 are connected in series without the need for tabs. This eliminates the need for reserved tab welding space on the electrode sheets of the battery cells 300, and eliminates the need for welding space between the tabs and the separator 200, thereby increasing the energy density of the battery and thereby improving the service life of the electronic device according to this embodiment.
[0059] It should be noted that, since this embodiment adopts all the technical features of the battery of the first embodiment, the electronic device of this embodiment has all the beneficial effects brought by the first embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
[0060] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the purpose of the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, the reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" are intended to mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Claims
1. A battery, characterized in that include: A housing having a receiving cavity; The separator is a conductive structure. The battery includes at least one separator. The separator is disposed in the accommodating cavity so that the accommodating cavity forms a plurality of independent sub-accommodating cavities distributed along a first direction. A battery cell comprises a cathode sheet and an anode sheet stacked and wound together. The battery comprises a plurality of the battery cells, and one battery cell is arranged in each sub-accommodation cavity. In the first direction, in each two adjacent battery cells, the empty foil area at the end of the anode sheet of one battery cell is connected to the separator, and the empty foil area at the end of the cathode sheet of the other battery cell is connected to the separator, so that the adjacent battery cells are electrically connected in series.
2. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that The separator is bonded to the empty foil area of the battery cell through conductive adhesive.
3. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that In the two adjacent battery cells, the area where the empty foil area at the end of the anode sheet of one battery cell is connected to the separator is the second contact area, and the area of the second contact area is S2. The area where the empty foil area at the end of the cathode sheet of the other battery cell is connected to the separator is the first contact area, and the area of the first contact area is S1. The overlapping area of the second contact area and the first contact area is S3, S3 / S1>0.9, S3 / S2>0.
9.
4. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that The shell is an aluminum-plastic film, and the edge of the partition is surrounded by packaging glue. The partition is heat-sealed with the shell through the packaging glue.
5. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that Along the first direction, the size of the separator is 10 μm to 30 μm.
6. The battery according to claim 4, characterized in that The battery further includes a conductive adhesive, which is located on two opposite surfaces of the separator and is used to bond the separator to the empty foil area of the battery cell. Along the first direction, the size of each conductive adhesive is smaller than that of the packaging adhesive.
7. The battery according to claim 6, characterized in that Along the first direction, the size of the packaging glue is 20 μm to 40 μm.
8. The battery according to claim 4, characterized in that The partition is a rectangular structure. The packaging glue includes a plurality of packaging parts. The plurality of packaging parts are arranged along the edge of the partition. The packaging parts have a set width. The width of the packaging parts is greater than or equal to 2200 μm.
9. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that The conductivity of the separator is greater than 0.8×10 7 s / m.
10. An electronic device, characterized in that A battery comprising the battery according to any one of claims 1 to 7.