Card feeding and dealing machine

The design of the double-roller card feeding mechanism and the card receiving structure solves the problem of poor contact between the playing cards and the card feeding roller, achieving greater card dealing force and smoother card dealing at a longer distance, and improving the user experience of the upper card dealing machine.

CN223404367UActive Publication Date: 2025-10-03WEIXING CHUANGKE(SHENZHEN)TECH CO LTD
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202422574276.2
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Utility models(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2024-10-23
Publication Date
2025-10-03
Estimated Expiration
2034-10-23

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

In existing card-dealing machines, playing cards are prone to poor contact with the card-delivering roller, resulting in weak card-dealing force, short distance, and an unsmooth process, which makes it easy for cards to get stuck and affects the user experience.

Method used

A dual-roller card feeding mechanism is used, including a first card feeding roller assembly and a second card feeding roller assembly, which are driven by a motor and transmitted by a transmission assembly. Combined with a card receiving plate and a card receiving elastic part, the playing cards can stably contact the rollers, increase friction, and ensure smooth card dealing.

Benefits of technology

It achieves greater card dealing force and longer distance, avoids card jams, and improves the user experience of the card dealing machine.

✦ Generated by Eureka AI based on patent content.

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Abstract

The utility model discloses a card feeding and dealing machine and relates to the technical field of entertainment products. The card dealing machine comprises a card dealing machine main body which is provided with a card bin for accommodating playing cards; a card inlet is formed in the front side of the upper part of the card bin, and a card outlet corresponding to the card inlet is formed in the front side of the outer part of the card dealing machine main body, so that a card dealing channel for playing the playing cards in the card bin is formed; the tile feeding mechanism comprises a first tile feeding roller assembly located above the rear side of the tile inlet, a second tile feeding roller assembly arranged on the rear side of the first tile feeding roller assembly in parallel, a motor and a transmission assembly used for transmitting power of the motor to the first tile feeding roller assembly and the second tile feeding roller assembly. The card bearing plate is arranged in the card bin and used for bearing the playing cards in the card bin; the card bearing elastic piece is arranged between the card bearing plate and the bottom of the card bin and presses the poker cards on the card bearing plate to the first card conveying roller assembly and the second card conveying roller assembly. By adopting the technical scheme, the card dealing device has the advantages of smooth card dealing, difficulty in card jamming and stability in use.
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Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of entertainment products, in particular to a card dealing machine. Background Art

[0002] Poker, as one of the most common entertainment items in people's lives, is deeply loved by the public due to its diverse gameplay and its appeal to people of all ages. With the development of technology, various machines that replace manual dealing have emerged, greatly improving the poker game experience.

[0003] Currently, there is a card dealing machine that uses a top-dealing method. This design pushes the playing cards in the deck upward, forcing the top card to contact the upper card feed roller, and then delivers the cards from the front and top of the machine. This design allows for a longer dealing distance and better dealing performance. However, since the playing cards are dealt only via a single upper card feed roller, the playing cards are prone to poor contact with the feed roller, which affects the dealing effect, resulting in weak dealing force, a shorter dealing distance, an unsmooth dealing process, and a tendency for the card to get stuck, which affects the user experience. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a card dealing machine in view of the defects and shortcomings of the existing technology, which has the advantages of smooth card dealing, not easy card jamming and stable use.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a card dealing machine, comprising:

[0006] The main body of the card dealing machine has a card compartment for accommodating playing cards; a card inlet is provided on the upper front side of the card compartment, and a card outlet corresponding to the card inlet is provided on the outer front side of the main body of the card dealing machine, so as to form a card delivery channel for the playing cards in the card compartment to be discharged;

[0007] The card feeding mechanism includes: a first card feeding roller assembly located above the rear side of the card inlet, a second card feeding roller assembly arranged parallel to the rear side of the first card feeding roller assembly, a motor, and a transmission assembly for transmitting power from the motor to the first and second card feeding roller assemblies;

[0008] A card support plate is provided in the card bin and is used to support the playing cards in the card bin;

[0009] The card-holding elastic member is arranged between the card-holding plate and the bottom of the card bin, pressing the card-holding plate upward, thereby pressing the playing cards on the card-holding plate toward the first card-feeding roller assembly and the second card-feeding roller assembly.

[0010] The utility model is further configured that the first card feeding roller assembly includes: a first card feeding shaft, and a first card feeding roller fixed on the first card feeding shaft;

[0011] The second card feeding roller assembly includes: a second card feeding shaft arranged at the rear side of the first card feeding shaft, and a second card feeding roller fixed on the second card feeding shaft.

[0012] The present invention is further provided with the first card feeding roller and the second card feeding roller being staggered on the left and right.

[0013] The utility model is further provided with the second card feeding roller being arranged in the middle of the rear side of the card inlet;

[0014] There are two first card feeding rollers, which are respectively located on the left and right sides of the second card feeding roller.

[0015] The present invention is further provided with that the width of the second card feeding roller is 1 / 6-1 / 2 of the width of the playing cards.

[0016] The present invention is further provided with a card issuing mechanism on the upper side or the lower side of the card issuing passage, comprising a card issuing shaft and a card issuing roller fixed on the card issuing shaft.

[0017] The present invention is further provided that the card issuing channel further comprises: a mounting groove arranged on the opposite side of the card issuing mechanism, and a card pressing mechanism arranged in the mounting groove,

[0018] The card pressing mechanism includes: a card pressing shaft, a card pressing wheel fixed on the card pressing shaft and corresponding to the card dealing roller, and a card pressing elastic member arranged between the card pressing shaft and the mounting slot and used to press the card pressing wheel toward the card dealing roller.

[0019] The present invention is further provided with that the transmission assembly includes: an output worm gear arranged on the output shaft of the motor, a card dealing turbine gear arranged at one end of the card dealing shaft and cooperating with the output worm gear, a first toothed pulley arranged at the other end of the card dealing shaft, a second toothed pulley arranged at one end of the first card delivering shaft, a synchronous toothed belt connecting the first toothed pulley and the second toothed pulley, a first gear arranged at the other end of the first card delivering shaft, a second gear arranged on the second card delivering shaft and corresponding to the first gear, and a transmission gear arranged between the first gear and the second gear to realize power transmission from the first gear to the second gear.

[0020] The utility model is further provided with the license plate being inclined toward the front side, and the rear end of the license plate being higher than the front end;

[0021] The card-holding plate is provided with a card-pressing ridge extending in the front-to-back direction, and two card-pressing ridges are provided, which are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the card-holding plate.

[0022] The utility model is further provided with sliding grooves extending in the vertical direction on both the left and right side walls of the card bin, wherein a sliding rod is provided in the sliding groove; a sliding member is provided on the card bearing plate extending toward the sliding groove, wherein the sliding member is sleeved on the sliding rod;

[0023] The card-bearing elastic member is configured as a spring sleeved on the sliding rod and between the sliding member and the bottom of the sliding groove.

[0024] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0025] 1. In the present invention, the card feeding mechanism includes: a first card feeding roller assembly located above and behind the card inlet, a second card feeding roller assembly arranged parallel to the rear side of the first card feeding roller assembly, a motor, and a transmission assembly for transmitting motor power to the first and second card feeding roller assemblies. Playing cards can contact the first and second card feeding roller assemblies. Under the combined action of the first and second card feeding roller assemblies, the playing cards are fed into the card inlet and ejected from the card outlet, achieving a good card dealing effect. The two sets of card feeding assemblies act simultaneously, increasing the contact area between the playing cards and the card feeding mechanism and improving the card feeding friction between the playing cards and the card feeding mechanism. This makes the card dealing force stronger, the card dealing process smoother, less prone to card jamming, and the card dealing distance longer, thus improving the user experience of the card dealing machine.

[0026] 2. In this invention, the second card feed roller is located in the middle of the rear side of the card inlet. Even when facing curved playing cards, it can better contact the middle of the playing cards, thereby achieving a good card dealing effect. There are two first card feed rollers, located on the left and right sides of the second card feed roller, respectively, to contact the left and right sides of the playing cards for friction dealing. This ensures that the force applied to the playing cards in the left and right directions is balanced, avoiding unbalanced force that may cause card dealing jams or damage to the playing cards, thereby improving the user experience of the card dealing machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model from another perspective;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model from another perspective;

[0031] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 , schematic cross-section of AA;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure explosion of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure explosion from another perspective of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the transmission component of the utility model.

[0035] Explanation of the accompanying symbols: 100, card dealing machine body; 200, card bearing plate; 210, card bearing elastic member; 110, card bin; 120, card inlet; 130, card outlet; 140, card dealing channel; 300, first card feeding roller assembly; 400, second card feeding roller assembly; 500, motor; 310, first card feeding shaft; 320, first card feeding roller; 410, second card feeding shaft; 420, second card feeding roller; 600, card dealing mechanism; 610, card dealing shaft ; 620, card dealing roller; 700, mounting slot; 710, card pressing shaft; 720, card pressing wheel; 730, card pressing elastic member; 810, output worm rod; 820, card dealing turbine; 830, first toothed pulley; 840, second toothed pulley; 850, synchronous toothed belt; 860, first gear; 870, second gear; 880, transmission gear; 220, card pressing edge; 111, sliding slot; 112, sliding rod; 230, sliding member; 900, rotating base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not a limitation of the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to the present embodiment as needed, but as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention, they are protected by patent law.

[0038] This embodiment relates to a card dealing machine, such as Figure 1-7 As shown, it includes: a card dealing machine body 100, a card feeding mechanism, a card receiving plate 200 and a card receiving elastic member 210.

[0039] In this embodiment, the card dealing direction of the above card dealing machine is the front-to-back direction, and the direction in which the playing cards are dealt is the front.

[0040] The main body 100 of the card dealing machine is provided with a card bin 110 for accommodating playing cards. The card bin 110 can accommodate a certain number of playing cards, so that the card dealing machine does not need to frequently replenish cards and can continuously deal cards, ensuring a good user experience. A card inlet 120 is provided on the upper front side of the card bin 110, and a card outlet 130 corresponding to the card inlet 120 is provided on the upper front side of the external part of the card dealing machine main body 100. The card inlet 120 and the card outlet 130 are connected to form a card delivery channel 140 for the playing cards in the card bin 110 to be discharged.

[0041] The card feeding mechanism includes: a first card feeding roller assembly 300 located above the rear side of the card inlet 120, a second card feeding roller assembly 400 arranged parallel to the rear side of the first card feeding roller assembly 300, a motor 500, and a transmission assembly for transmitting power from the motor 500 to the first card feeding roller assembly 300 and the second card feeding roller assembly 400. The card holding plate 200 is arranged in the card bin 110, and is used to support the playing cards in the card bin 110 above the card holding plate 200; the card holding elastic member 210 is arranged between the card holding plate 200 and the bottom of the card bin 110 to press the card holding plate 200 upward, thereby pressing the playing cards supported on the card holding plate 200 toward the first card feeding roller assembly 300 and the second card feeding roller assembly 400, so that the playing cards can contact the first card feeding roller assembly 300 and the second card feeding roller assembly 400. Under the joint action of the first card feeding roller assembly 300 and the second card feeding roller assembly 400, the playing cards are fed into the card inlet 120 and sent out from the card outlet 130 to achieve a good card dealing effect. The two sets of card feeding components work at the same time, which increases the contact area between the playing cards and the card feeding mechanism, and can improve the card feeding friction between the playing cards and the card feeding mechanism, thereby making the card dealing force stronger, the card dealing process smoother, less likely to get stuck, and the card dealing distance longer, thereby improving the user experience of the card dealing machine.

[0042] In this embodiment, the first card feeding roller assembly 300 includes a first card feeding shaft 310 and a first card feeding roller 320 fixed to the first card feeding shaft 310. The second card feeding roller assembly 400 includes a second card feeding shaft 410 arranged parallel to the rear side of the first card feeding shaft 310 and a second card feeding roller 420 fixed to the second card feeding shaft 410. The first card feeding roller 320 and the second card feeding roller 420 are parallel to each other, and the plane where the first card feeding shaft 310 and the second card feeding shaft 410 are located is parallel to the plane where the card support plate 200 is located. When the playing cards on the card support plate 200 are pressed upward by the card support elastic member 210, the playing cards can stably contact the first card feeding roller 320 and the second card feeding roller 420 at the same time. The first card feeding roller 320 and the second card feeding roller 420 can both effectively act on the playing cards, thereby achieving a good card dealing effect.

[0043] As a preferred solution, the first roller 320 for delivering cards and the second roller 420 for delivering cards are staggered in left and right, so that the first roller 320 for delivering cards and the second roller 420 for delivering cards act on a part of the left and right width direction of playing cards respectively, when facing some curved playing cards, it is also possible to contact the playing cards to drive the cards to be dealt, to achieve a good deal effect, to avoid the situation of cards to occur and affect the smoothness of dealing the cards, to improve the user experience of the dealer. In the present embodiment, the second roller 420 for delivering cards is arranged in the middle of the card inlet 120 rear side, when facing curved playing cards, it is also possible to better contact the middle part of the playing cards to achieve a good deal effect. The first roller 320 for delivering cards is provided with two, respectively positioned at the left and right sides of the second roller 420 for delivering cards, to rub the left and right sides of the contact playing cards to deal the cards, so that the force balance of the playing cards left and right direction dealing the cards is achieved, to avoid force imbalance causing the dealing of the cards to be stuck or damaging the playing cards, to improve the user experience of the dealer.

[0044] In this embodiment, the width of the second card feeding roller 420 is set to 1 / 3 of the width of the playing card, so that the middle of the playing card is used for dealing, which can easily handle curved playing cards and achieve good dealing effect. Of course, in other embodiments, the width of the second card feeding roller 420 can also be set to 1 / 6, 1 / 2, etc. of the width of the playing card to ensure good dealing effect.

[0045] In this embodiment, a card-delivering mechanism 600 is located on the upper or lower side of the card-delivering passage 140 to accelerate the playing cards delivered by the card-feeding mechanism into the card-delivering passage 140, thereby increasing the card-delivering force and distance of the card-delivering machine and ensuring smoother card dealing. The card-delivering mechanism 600 includes a card-delivering shaft 610 and a card-delivering roller 620 secured to the card-delivering shaft 610. The rolling motion of the card-delivering roller 620 rubs against the playing cards in the card-delivering passage 140, accelerating the playing cards and achieving optimal card dealing.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment, the card dealing passage 140 further includes a mounting slot 700 disposed on the opposite side of the card dealing mechanism 600 and a card holding mechanism disposed within the mounting slot 700. The card holding mechanism includes a card holding shaft 710, a card holding wheel 720 fixed to the card holding shaft 710 and corresponding to the card dealing roller 620, and a card holding elastic member 730 disposed between the card holding shaft 710 and the mounting slot 700 for pressing the card holding wheel 720 toward the card dealing roller 620. The card holding mechanism can press the playing cards in the card dealing passage 140 onto the card dealing roller 620 via the card holding wheel 720, allowing the card dealing roller 620 to contact the playing cards, accelerating the delivery of the playing cards and achieving a good card dealing effect. In this embodiment, the card holding elastic member 730 is configured as a torsion spring mounted on a card holding rod and clamped inside the mounting slot 700 to press the card holding rod and the card holding wheel 720 toward the card dealing roller 620, thereby achieving a good card holding effect. Of course, in other embodiments, the card pressing elastic member 730 may also be configured as an elastic member in other forms.

[0047] In this embodiment, the transmission assembly includes: an output worm gear 810 arranged on the output shaft of the motor 500, a card dealing turbine 820 arranged at one end of the card dealing shaft 610 and cooperating with the output worm gear 810, a first toothed pulley arranged at the other end of the card dealing shaft 610, a second toothed pulley 840 arranged at one end of the first card delivering shaft 310, a synchronous toothed belt 850 connecting the first toothed pulley and the second toothed pulley 840, a first gear 860 arranged at the other end of the first card delivering shaft 310, a second gear 870 arranged on the second card delivering shaft 410 and corresponding to the first gear 860, and a transmission gear 880 arranged between the first gear 860 and the second gear 870 to realize power transmission from the first gear 860 to the second gear 870. The transmission assembly transmits the power of the motor 500 to the card dealing mechanism 600, the first card dealing roller assembly, and the second card dealing assembly, achieving consistent start and stop times for the card dealing mechanism 600 and the card feeding mechanism. The motor 500 also outputs power through the output worm 810 and the card dealing turbine 820. The worm gear transmission structure is more stable and has a larger transmission ratio, which can reduce the volume occupied by the speed reduction structure and optimize the overall size of the card dealing machine. The card dealing shaft 610 and the card feeding shaft are driven by a synchronous belt system consisting of a first toothed pulley, a second toothed pulley 840, and a synchronous toothed belt 850. This provides a more stable and synchronized transmission process, and the synchronous belt is more durable, ensuring the stability of the transmission assembly. This improves the user experience of the card dealing machine.

[0048] As a preferred embodiment, the first gear 860 and the second gear 870 are of equal size, ensuring that the first card feed roller 320 and the second card feed roller 420 have the same rolling speed, thereby achieving a good card dealing effect. In this embodiment, the first toothed pulley is smaller than the second toothed pulley 840, ensuring that the first card feed roller 320 has a slower rolling speed than the card dealing roller 620. This allows the card dealing roller 620 to better accelerate the playing cards within the card dealing channel 140, achieving a good card dealing effect.

[0049] In this embodiment, the card receiving plate 200 is tilted forward, with the rear end of the card receiving plate 200 higher than the front end. This allows the playing cards on the card receiving plate 200 to tilt toward the card inlet 120, making the card delivery mechanism's dealing process smoother. A card-pressing ridge 220 is provided on the card receiving plate 200 along the front-to-back direction. Two card-pressing ridges 220 are provided, symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the card receiving plate 200, to ensure better contact between the playing cards on the card receiving plate 200 and the card delivery mechanism, achieving a good dealing effect.

[0050] As a preferred solution, sliding grooves 111 are provided on the left and right side walls of the card bin 110 extending in the up and down directions, and a sliding rod 112 is provided in the sliding groove 111; a sliding member 230 is extended to the side of the sliding groove 111 of the card holding plate 200, and the sliding member 230 is mounted on the sliding rod 112, so that the card holding plate 200 can slide up and down smoothly in the card bin 110; the card holding elastic member 210 is configured as a spring mounted on the sliding rod 112, between the sliding member 230 and the bottom of the sliding groove 111, to provide balanced and stable pressure for the card holding plate 200, so that the playing cards on the card holding plate 200 can make good contact with the upper card feeding assembly, thereby achieving a good card dealing effect.

[0051] In this embodiment, a rotating base 900 is further included. The rotating base 900 is disposed at the bottom of the card dealing machine body 100. The rotating base 900 can rotate relative to the card dealing machine body 100, so that the card dealing machine can deal cards in different directions.

[0052] The above is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and is not intended to limit it. Other modifications or equivalent substitutions made to the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A card dealing machine, characterized in that: include: A card dealing machine body (100) is provided with a card bin (110) for accommodating playing cards; a card inlet (120) is provided on the upper front side of the card bin (110); and a card outlet (130) corresponding to the card inlet (120) is provided on the outer front side of the card dealing machine body (100) to form a card dealing channel (140) for dispensing playing cards in the card bin (110); The card feeding mechanism comprises: a first card feeding roller assembly (300) located above the rear side of the card inlet (120), a second card feeding roller assembly (400) arranged in parallel to the rear side of the first card feeding roller assembly (300), a motor (500), and a transmission assembly for transmitting power of the motor (500) to the first card feeding roller assembly (300) and the second card feeding roller assembly (400); a card support plate (200), disposed in the card bin (110) and used for supporting the playing cards in the card bin (110); A card-carrying elastic member (210) is arranged between the card-carrying plate (200) and the bottom of the card bin (110), and presses the card-carrying plate (200) upward, thereby pressing the playing cards on the card-carrying plate (200) toward the first card-carrying roller assembly (300) and the second card-carrying roller assembly (400).

2. The upper card dealing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first card feeding roller assembly (300) comprises: a first card feeding shaft (310), and a first card feeding roller (320) fixed on the first card feeding shaft (310); The second card feeding roller assembly (400) comprises: a second card feeding shaft (410) arranged at the rear side of the first card feeding shaft (310), and a second card feeding roller (420) fixed on the second card feeding shaft (410).

3. The upper card dealing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first card feeding roller (320) and the second card feeding roller (420) are arranged alternately on the left and right sides.

4. The upper card dealing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second card feeding roller (420) is arranged in the middle of the rear side of the card inlet (120); There are two first card feeding rollers (320), which are respectively located on the left and right sides of the second card feeding roller (420).

5. The upper card dealing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The width of the second card feeding roller (420) is 1 / 6-1 / 2 of the width of the playing cards.

6. The upper card dealing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: A card issuing mechanism (600) is further provided on the upper side or the lower side of the card issuing passage (140), comprising a card issuing shaft (610) and a card issuing roller (620) fixed on the card issuing shaft (610).

7. The upper card dealing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The card issuing channel (140) further includes: a mounting groove (700) arranged on the opposite side of the card issuing mechanism (600), and a card pressing mechanism arranged in the mounting groove (700). The card pressing mechanism comprises: a card pressing shaft (710), a card pressing wheel (720) fixed on the card pressing shaft (710) and corresponding to the card dealing roller (620), and a card pressing elastic member (730) arranged between the card pressing shaft (710) and the mounting groove (700) and used for pressing the card pressing wheel (720) toward the card dealing roller (620).

8. The upper card dealing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmission assembly comprises: an output worm (810) arranged on the output shaft of the motor (500), a card dealing turbine (820) arranged at one end of the card dealing shaft (610) and cooperating with the output worm (810), a first toothed pulley arranged at the other end of the card dealing shaft (610), a second toothed pulley (840) arranged at one end of the first card delivering shaft (310), a synchronous toothed belt (850) connecting the first toothed pulley and the second toothed pulley (840), a first gear (860) arranged at the other end of the first card delivering shaft (310), a second gear (870) arranged on the second card delivering shaft (410) and corresponding to the first gear (860), and a transmission gear (880) arranged between the first gear (860) and the second gear (870) to realize power transmission from the first gear (860) to the second gear (870).

9. The upper card dealing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plate (200) is inclined toward the front, and the rear end of the plate (200) is higher than the front end; A card pressing rib (220) is provided on the card bearing plate (200) extending in the front-to-back direction, and two card pressing ribs (220) are provided and symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the card bearing plate (200).

10. The upper card dealing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left and right side walls of the card bin (110) are both provided with sliding grooves (111) extending in the up-down direction, and a sliding rod (112) is provided in the sliding groove (111); the card bearing plate (200) is provided with a sliding member (230) extending toward the sliding groove (111), and the sliding member (230) is sleeved on the sliding rod (112); The card-carrying elastic member (210) is configured as a spring sleeved on the sliding rod (112) and between the sliding member (230) and the bottom of the sliding groove (111).