Fertilizing and seeding machine for stubble-attaching and minimal-tillage of straws

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and discloses a combined seed and fertilizer drill for straw stubble minimal tillage, which comprises a base, the top of the base is fixedly connected with a stock bin, the outer side of the base is fixedly connected with a cross beam, the outer side of the cross beam is detachably provided with a seeding and fertilizer applying module, and the stock bin is internally provided with a blanking assembly. A plurality of groups of discharging pipes are fixedly connected to the bottom of the stock bin; the seeding and fertilizing module comprises a fertilizing rod, the fertilizing rod is mounted on the outer side of the cross beam through a buckle assembly, and the outer side of the fertilizing rod is fixedly connected with a seeding rod. According to the utility model, through the matching of the clamping rod and the bayonet and the sliding design of the fertilizing rod and the seeding rod on the cross beam, the distance between seeding and fertilizing can be freely adjusted according to the width of a land parcel and the crop planting requirement. Meanwhile, new parts are allowed to be inserted into the equipment, the quantity of single-time seeding and fertilizing is increased, and the applicability and flexibility of the equipment are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a fertilizing and seeding machine used for straw stubble-adjacent and reduced tillage. Background Art

[0002] With the development of modern agriculture, straw return and minimum tillage technology have played an important role in protecting soil, reducing soil erosion, and increasing soil organic matter content. In order to further improve land use efficiency and crop yields, fertilizer seeders have become important equipment in agricultural production.

[0003] Currently, fertilizer seeders widely used in agricultural production generally adopt a fixed row spacing design. The width and spacing between seeding and fertilizing are usually set during the equipment's manufacture. While this fixed structure can meet the planting needs of some crops, it is difficult to flexibly adjust the seeding and fertilizing spacing when adapting to different crop patterns or changes in plot width, limiting the equipment's applicability.

[0004] Especially in the case of multiple crop rotation or cross-regional operations, different crops have significantly different requirements for sowing and fertilizing widths, and existing equipment cannot be adjusted according to actual needs, resulting in uneven distribution of seeds and fertilizers and reduced land utilization during operations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to make up for the above shortcomings, the utility model provides a fertilizer seeder for straw stubble and reduced tillage, aiming to improve the problem that existing fertilizer seeders cannot flexibly adjust the sowing and fertilization distance according to different crop requirements or plot width.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A fertilizing and seeding machine for straw stubble and reduced tillage comprises a base, the top of the base is fixedly connected to a hopper, the outside of the base is fixedly connected to a crossbeam, a sowing and fertilizing module is detachably mounted on the outside of the crossbeam, a feeding assembly is mounted inside the hopper, and a plurality of discharge pipes are fixedly connected to the bottom of the hopper; the sowing and fertilizing module comprises a fertilizing rod, the fertilizing rod is mounted on the outside of the crossbeam via a snap assembly, the outside of the fertilizing rod is fixedly connected to a sowing rod, the top of the fertilizing rod is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe 1, the top of the sowing rod is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe 2, and the other ends of the connecting pipe 1 and the connecting pipe 2 are respectively connected to the corresponding discharge pipes.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0009] The outer side of the fertilizing rod is fixedly connected to a bracket, the other end of the bracket is rotatably connected to a crushing wheel, the middle of the base is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft, a notch is opened in the middle of the crushing wheel, and the crushing wheel is sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft through the notch.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0011] The unloading assembly includes two rotating rods, both of which are rotatably connected to the inside of the silo, and multiple groups of material troughs are opened on the outside of the rotating rod. A gear is fixedly connected to the middle of the rotating rod, and the two gears are engaged with each other. An auxiliary wheel is rotatably connected to the outside of the base, and the auxiliary wheel and the rotating rod are connected by a chain transmission mechanism.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0013] A motor is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the base, and an output end of the motor is connected to the rotating shaft via a chain transmission mechanism.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0015] A mounting bracket is rotatably connected to a side of the base away from the auxiliary wheel, a hydraulic rod is rotatably connected to an outer side of the mounting bracket, and the other end of the hydraulic rod is rotatably connected to the outer side of the base.

[0016] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0017] The buckle assembly includes a card block, which is fixedly connected to the outside of the fertilizing rod. A card rod is slidably connected to the top of the card block. A compression spring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the card rod. Multiple groups of bayonet holes are opened on the top of the beam, and the card rod and the bayonet holes are clamped together.

[0018] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0019] The outer side of the sowing rod is rotatably connected to a soil covering plate, the top of the soil covering plate is rotatably connected to a spring rod, and the other end of the spring rod is rotatably connected to the outer side of the sowing rod.

[0020] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0021] A partition is fixedly connected to the interior of the silo, and the partition divides the silo into two chambers. The two rotating rods are respectively located in the two chambers.

[0022] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] In this utility model, the coordination of the latching rod and the latching slot, as well as the sliding design of the fertilizing rod and the sowing rod on the crossbeam, allows the spacing between sowing and fertilizing to be freely adjusted according to the width of the plot and the crop planting requirements. Furthermore, the device allows for the insertion of new components to increase the number of sowing and fertilizing applications in a single session, greatly improving the device's applicability and flexibility.

[0024] In this new machine, the crushing wheel breaks up the straw stubble, while the fertilizing and sowing rods simultaneously dig trenches for fertilization and sowing, and the covering plate completes the soil covering operation. The entire process is highly automated, integrating stubble breaking, sowing, fertilizing, and covering, reducing the number of work steps and improving work efficiency and land utilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 The utility model is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a fertilizing and seeding machine for straw stubble-adjacent and reduced tillage.

[0026] Figure 2 The utility model provides a schematic diagram of the installation position of the auxiliary wheels of a fertilizing and seeding machine for straw stubble-adjacent and reduced tillage.

[0027] Figure 3 The utility model is a structural schematic diagram of a sowing and fertilizing module of a fertilizing and seeding machine for straw stubble-adjacent and reduced tillage.

[0028] Figure 4 The utility model provides a structural schematic diagram of a fertilizer rod of a fertilizer seeder for straw stubble-adjacent and reduced tillage.

[0029] Figure 5 The utility model is a structural schematic diagram of a buckle assembly of a fertilizing and seeding machine for straw stubble-adjacent and reduced tillage.

[0030] Figure 6 The utility model is a structural schematic diagram of a feeding assembly of a fertilizing and seeding machine for straw stubble-adjacent and reduced tillage.

[0031] Figure 7 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a silo of a fertilizer seeder for straw stubble-adjacent and reduced tillage.

[0032] Legend:

[0033] 1. Base; 2. Silo; 3. Crossbeam; 4. Fertilizer rod; 5. Motor; 6. Rotating shaft; 7. Chain transmission mechanism 1; 8. Mounting frame; 9. Hydraulic rod; 10. Bracket; 11. Crushing wheel; 12. Notch; 13. Seeding rod; 14. Covering plate; 15. Spring rod; 16. Block; 17. Discharge pipe; 18. Connecting pipe 1; 19. Connecting pipe 2; 20. Rotating rod; 21. Feed trough; 22. Gear; 23. Auxiliary wheel; 24. Chain transmission mechanism 2; 25. Bayonet; 26. Clamping rod; 27. Compression spring; 28. Partition. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 7 The utility model provides an embodiment: a fertilizer seeder for straw stubble and minimal tillage, comprising a base 1, a mounting frame 8 rotatably connected to one side of the base 1, and the device is connected to a traction mechanism through the mounting frame 8. The traction mechanism can be, but is not limited to, an agricultural tractor. A hydraulic rod 9 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the mounting frame 8, and the other end of the hydraulic rod 9 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the base 1. By driving the hydraulic rod 9, the angle between the base 1 and the hydraulic rod 9 can be adjusted, so that the depth of sowing and fertilizing can be adjusted. A silo 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, and a partition 28 is fixedly connected to the inside of the silo 2. The internal chamber of the silo 2 is separated by the partition 28 to store fertilizer and seeds respectively.

[0036] Reference Figures 1-4The base 1 is fixedly connected to the outside of the crossbeam 3, and a sowing and fertilizing module is detachably installed on the outside of the crossbeam 3, and the sowing and fertilizing operation is performed through the sowing and fertilizing module. The sowing and fertilizing module includes a fertilizing rod 4, which is installed on the outside of the crossbeam 3 through a snap assembly. The snap assembly includes a clamping block 16, which is fixedly connected to the outside of the fertilizing rod 4. A clamping rod 26 is slidably connected to the top of the clamping block 16. A compression spring 27 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the clamping rod 26. A plurality of groups of bayonet holes 25 are provided on the top of the crossbeam 3. The clamping rod 26 and the bayonet holes 25 are clamped together. The fertilizing rod 4 is connected to the bayonet holes 25 through the clamping rod 26. When the position and number of the fertilizing rod 4 need to be adjusted, the clamping rod 26 can be pulled up to disengage the clamping rod 26 from the restriction of the bayonet holes 25. The fertilizing rod 4 can therefore slide on the outside of the crossbeam 3. The operation is simple and convenient. The clamping rod 26 is clamped with the bayonet holes 25 at different positions to achieve the change of the fertilization and sowing position and spacing. A sowing rod 13 is fixedly connected to the outside of the fertilizing rod 4. When the equipment is in operation, the fertilizing rod 4 and the sowing rod 13 are both inserted into the soil. During the movement of the equipment, grooves for sowing and fertilizing are opened on the ground, and the grooves have different depths to avoid burning the seedlings. A covering plate 14 is rotatably connected to the outside of the sowing rod 13. The top of the covering plate 14 is rotatably connected to a spring rod 15. The other end of the spring rod 15 is rotatably connected to the outside of the sowing rod 13. During the fertilization process, the spring rod 15 pushes the end of the covering plate 14 downward, causing the bottom of the covering plate 14 to fully contact the ground. When the equipment moves, the covering plate 14 can scrape the loose soil on both sides of the groove to fill the groove, thus completing the covering operation after fertilization and sowing.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 6The silo 2 is equipped with a feeding assembly, which includes two rotating rods 20. Both rotating rods 20 are rotatably connected to the silo 2. A partition 28 divides the silo 2 into two chambers. The two rotating rods 20 are located in the two chambers, which store fertilizer and seeds respectively. Multiple groups of feeding troughs 21 are provided on the outside of the rotating rods 20. When the rotating rods 20 rotate, the feeding troughs 21 are driven to rotate together. In this way, the seeds and fertilizers in the chambers of the silo 2 can fall downward evenly. A gear 22 is fixedly connected to the middle of the rotating rod 20. The two gears 22 mesh with each other, and the gears 22 can make the two rotating rods 20 rotate synchronously. At the same time, different diameters of gears 22 can be selected to achieve different rotation speeds of the two rotating rods 20 to meet different sowing and fertilization needs. An auxiliary wheel 23 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the base 1, and the auxiliary wheel 23 and the rotating rod 20 are connected by a chain transmission mechanism 24. When the equipment is working, the auxiliary wheel 23 is in contact with the ground, and the auxiliary wheel 23 is driven to rotate during the movement of the equipment. At this time, the rotational power of the auxiliary wheel 23 can be transmitted to the rotating rod 20 through the chain transmission mechanism 24, thereby driving the rotating rod 20 to rotate. The chain transmission mechanism 24 includes two sprockets and a chain. The sprockets are respectively installed on the outer sides of the rotating rod 20 and the auxiliary wheel 23, and the two chains are connected by a chain.

[0038] Reference Figure 2 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 , multiple groups of discharge pipes 17 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the silo 2, a connecting pipe 18 is fixedly connected to the top of the fertilizing rod 4, and a connecting pipe 2 19 is fixedly connected to the top of the sowing rod 13. The other ends of the connecting pipe 18 and the connecting pipe 2 19 are respectively connected to the corresponding discharge pipes 17, and the discharge pipe 17 is communicated with the internal chamber of the silo 2. At the same time, the passages are blocked by the rotating rod 20. When the rotating rod 20 rotates, the seeds and fertilizers can be moved to the inside of the discharge pipe 17 through the dividing trough 21. After connecting the connecting pipe 18 and the connecting pipe 2 19 are respectively connected to the discharge pipes 17 under different chambers, the seeds and fertilizers can be transported simultaneously. A valve is installed in the middle of the discharge pipe 17, and the discharge pipes 17 that are not in use are closed by the valve.

[0039] Reference Figure 3 The outer side of the fertilizing rod 4 is fixedly connected to a bracket 10, and the other end of the bracket 10 is rotatably connected to a crushing wheel 11. The middle part of the base 1 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 6. The upper part of the base 1 is fixedly connected to the motor 5. The output end of the motor 5 is connected to the rotating shaft 6 via a chain transmission mechanism 7. The crushing wheel 11 has a notch 12 in the middle, and the crushing wheel 11 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft 6 through the notch 12. After the crushing wheel 11 is connected to the rotating shaft 6 through the notch 12, the driving motor 5 can be turned to drive the rotating shaft 6 to rotate through the chain transmission mechanism 7, thereby driving the crushing wheel 11 to rotate synchronously, thereby crushing the straw.

[0040] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3 The crushing wheel 11, the sowing rod 13 and the covering plate 14 are installed together on the outside of the fertilizing rod 4. In this way, the connection of multiple components such as sowing, fertilizing, crushing and covering can be completed at one time, which greatly improves the adjustment efficiency when adjusting the sowing and fertilizing quantity and spacing.

[0041] Working principle: When the equipment is used, the equipment is first connected through the mounting frame 8 and the traction device, and then the required fertilizers and seeds are respectively placed in the two chambers inside the silo 2. When the equipment reaches the sowing position, the angle of the mounting frame 8 and the base 1 is changed by driving the hydraulic rod 9, so that the crushing wheel 11 and the auxiliary wheel 23 are in contact with the ground. At this time, the fertilizing rod 4 and the sowing rod 13 are inserted into the ground, and then the driving motor 5 is operated to drive the rotating shaft 6 to rotate through the connection of the chain transmission mechanism 7. At this time, the crushing wheel 11 sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 6 also rotates together, so that the straw stubble on the ground is crushed, and the fertilizing rod 4 and the sowing rod 13 open grooves on the ground for sowing and fertilizing. When the equipment moves, it drives the auxiliary wheel 23 to rotate. At this time, the rotating rod 20 can be driven to rotate under the action of the chain transmission mechanism 2 24. The fertilizer and seeds are transported downward at a uniform speed through the multi-component material trough 21 outside the rotating rod 20, and enter the inside of the fertilizing rod 4 and the sowing rod 13 respectively through the connecting pipe 1 18 and the connecting pipe 2 19, thereby completing the sowing and fertilizing operations. Then, as the equipment moves, the covering plate 14 scrapes the outer floating soil to the upper part of the groove for covering operation, thus completing the sowing and fertilizing operations.

[0042] When the equipment needs to be used on narrower land, the clamping rod 26 can be lifted upward to disengage the clamping rod 26 from the restriction of the clamping mouth 25. At this time, the fertilizing rod 4 can slide on the outside of the beam 3 together with the clamping block 16. In this way, the positions of the crushing wheel 11, the sowing rod 13 and the fertilizing rod 4 can be adjusted to adapt to different lands. Secondly, new components can be inserted from the side of the beam 3 to increase the amount of single sowing and fertilization to adapt to different usage needs. After adjusting the position of the beam 3, the connecting pipe 2 19 and the connecting pipe 1 18 are respectively connected to the corresponding discharge pipe 17 to complete the connection of the sowing and fertilizing pipelines. A valve is installed at the end of the discharge pipe 17. When the discharge pipe 17 is not in use, it can be closed by the valve. In this way, the sowing quantity and the sowing spacing can be freely selected, which greatly improves the practicality of the equipment.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fertilizing and seeding machine for straw stubble and reduced tillage, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The top of the base (1) is fixedly connected to a silo (2), the outside of the base (1) is fixedly connected to a crossbeam (3), a sowing and fertilizing module is detachably mounted on the outside of the crossbeam (3), a feeding assembly is mounted inside the silo (2), and a plurality of discharge pipes (17) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the silo (2); the sowing and fertilizing module comprises a fertilizing rod (4), the fertilizing rod (4) is mounted on the outside of the crossbeam (3) through a snap assembly, the outside of the fertilizing rod (4) is fixedly connected to a sowing rod (13), the top of the fertilizing rod (4) is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe 1 (18), the top of the sowing rod (13) is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe 2 (19), and the other ends of the connecting pipe 1 (18) and the connecting pipe 2 (19) are respectively connected to the corresponding discharge pipes (17).

2. A fertilizing and seeding machine for straw stubble and reduced tillage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the fertilizing rod (4) is fixedly connected to a bracket (10), the other end of the bracket (10) is rotatably connected to a crushing wheel (11), the middle of the base (1) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (6), a notch (12) is provided in the middle of the crushing wheel (11), and the crushing wheel (11) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft (6) through the notch (12).

3. The fertilizing and seeding machine for straw stubble and reduced tillage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The material discharge assembly includes two rotating rods (20), both of which are rotatably connected to the inside of the silo (2), and a plurality of material troughs (21) are provided on the outside of the rotating rods (20). A gear (22) is fixedly connected to the middle of the rotating rods (20), and the two gears (22) are meshed with each other. An auxiliary wheel (23) is rotatably connected to the outside of the base (1), and the auxiliary wheel (23) and the rotating rods (20) are connected via a second chain transmission mechanism (24).

4. A fertilizing and seeding machine for straw stubble and reduced tillage according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A motor (5) is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the base (1), and an output end of the motor (5) is connected to the rotating shaft (6) via a chain transmission mechanism (7).

5. The fertilizing and seeding machine for straw stubble and reduced tillage according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The side of the base (1) away from the auxiliary wheel (23) is rotatably connected to a mounting frame (8), the outer side of the mounting frame (8) is rotatably connected to a hydraulic rod (9), and the other end of the hydraulic rod (9) is rotatably connected to the outer side of the base (1).

6. The fertilizing and seeding machine for straw stubble and reduced tillage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buckle assembly comprises a clamping block (16), the clamping block (16) is fixedly connected to the outside of the fertilizing rod (4), the top of the clamping block (16) is slidably connected to a clamping rod (26), the outer periphery of the clamping rod (26) is provided with a compression spring (27), and a plurality of groups of bayonet holes (25) are provided on the top of the crossbeam (3), and the clamping rod (26) and the bayonet holes (25) are clamped together.

7. The fertilizing and seeding machine for straw stubble and reduced tillage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the sowing rod (13) is rotatably connected to a soil covering plate (14), the top of the soil covering plate (14) is rotatably connected to a spring rod (15), and the other end of the spring rod (15) is rotatably connected to the outer side of the sowing rod (13).

8. A fertilizing and seeding machine for straw stubble and reduced tillage according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: A partition (28) is fixedly connected to the interior of the silo (2), and the partition (28) divides the silo (2) into two chambers. The two rotating rods (20) are respectively located in the two chambers.

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