Raw material structure for producing high-temperature alloy bar

Abstract

The utility model relates to an alloy bar processing technology, and discloses a raw material structure for producing a high-temperature alloy bar, which comprises a high-temperature alloy blank, an integrated head sleeve, a first tail pad and a second tail pad, the high-temperature alloy blank is arranged in an inner cavity of the integrated head sleeve, the first tail pad is fixedly welded at the end part of the rear side of the integrated head sleeve, and the second tail pad is welded at the end part of the rear side of the integrated head sleeve. A second tail pad is movably arranged on the rear side of the first tail pad. A cylinder is arranged at the front end of the integrated head sleeve and connected with a conical surface, the rear side of the conical surface is connected with a cylindrical surface, the head shape of an inner cavity of the integrated head sleeve is a first circular plane, the rear side of the first circular plane is a first conical surface, and the rear side of the first conical surface is connected with a second conical surface. By optimizing the raw material structure, the extrusion force is reduced, the stress condition in the extrusion process is improved, the metal flow uniformity is promoted, extrusion cracks are avoided, the bar quality and the raw material utilization rate are improved, and the high-temperature alloy bar extrusion device is suitable for production of high-temperature alloy bars.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of alloy bar processing, in particular to a raw material structure for producing high-temperature alloy bars. Background Art

[0002] Superalloys are a class of alloy materials capable of operating for extended periods at temperatures above 600°C and under certain stresses. They exhibit excellent high-temperature strength, good resistance to oxidation and hot corrosion, as well as excellent fatigue performance and fracture toughness. Superalloys, with their single austenitic structure, exhibit excellent structural stability and operational reliability at various temperatures, making them a key material widely used in aviation, aerospace, petroleum, chemical, and shipbuilding industries.

[0003] Powdered superalloys are high-temperature alloys produced using powder metallurgy. They feature uniform microstructure, lack of macrosegregation, a high degree of alloying, high yield strength, and excellent oxidation and fatigue resistance, making them a common material for hot structural components. The hot extrusion process combines the characteristics of hot compression and hot working deformation, significantly improving the alloy's metallurgical quality and enhancing and unleashing its potential. The hot extrusion process for high-temperature alloys can eliminate defects at the original grain boundaries in hot isostatically pressed powder alloys, close pores, refine grains, uniformly distribute precipitated phases, improve the alloy's plasticity and lifespan, and provide excellent microstructural preparation for subsequent hot working and heat treatment.

[0004] Since high-temperature alloy bars still have high strength at high temperatures, they have greater deformation resistance and poor deformation capacity. Therefore, when using conventional extrusion processes, problems such as excessive extrusion pressure, resulting in blockage and severe cracking on the bar surface often occur. Figure 1 As shown, it is a traditional alloy billet sheathing process technology, which is provided with a head pad 001, a tail pad 003, and a sheathing layer 002. The sheathing layer 002 sheathes the high-temperature alloy billet, and the tail pad 003 is equivalent to lengthening the billet length. The head pad 001 and the sheathing layer 002 are connected and fixed by welding. The main problems of this sheathing technology are: during extrusion production, due to excessive extrusion force, the head pad is easy to separate from the billet, the head pad flies out of the extrusion die in advance, the weld metal is easy to embed in the extrusion die and scratch the workpiece surface, and the sheathing layer is easy to separate from the billet, resulting in the sheathing layer being unable to protect the billet. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a raw material structure for the production of high-temperature alloy bars, so as to solve the problems in traditional sheathing technology such as the head pad is easily separated from the blank during extrusion production, the head pad flies out of the extrusion die prematurely, the weld metal is easily embedded in the extrusion die and scratches the workpiece, and the sheath layer is easily separated from the blank, resulting in loss of protective effect. At the same time, it solves the problem of low yield rate caused by bar tail shrinkage.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a raw material structure for producing high-temperature alloy bars, including a high-temperature alloy billet, an integrated head cover and a tail pad. The front end and the outer side of the middle body of the high-temperature alloy billet are covered with an integrated head cover, and the rear end of the integrated head cover is welded and fixed with a tail pad.

[0007] As a definition of the present utility model: the front end of the integrated head cover is a cylinder, the rear side of the cylinder is connected to a conical surface with an angle of α, and the rear side of the conical surface is connected to a cylindrical surface; the front end surface shape of the inner cavity of the integrated head cover is a first circular plane, the rear side of the first circular plane is a first conical surface, and the angle β of the first conical surface is equal to α, and the rear side of the first conical surface is connected to a second conical surface with an angle γ.

[0008] As a limitation of the present utility model: the length L1 of the cylinder of the integrated head cover is 9 to 30 mm, the diameter d of the cylinder is 2 to 4 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the flat-cone die used for processing high-temperature alloy bars; the angle α of the conical surface is 105° to 110°, and the angle γ of the second conical surface is 0.5° to 1°; the diameter of the first circular plane is equal to the inner diameter of the flat-cone die, and the distance L2 between the first circular plane and the outermost side surface of the cylindrical body at the front end of the integrated head cover is 50 to 90 mm.

[0009] As a limitation of the present utility model: the outer shape of the high-temperature alloy blank is set to correspond to the inner shape of the integrated head cover, the gap between the high-temperature alloy blank and the integrated head cover is less than 0.3 mm, the head shape of the high-temperature alloy blank is a second circular plane, and the diameter of the second circular plane is equal to the diameter of the first circular plane; the rear side of the second circular plane is a third conical surface, and the angle β' of the third conical surface is equal to β, and the rear side of the third conical surface is connected to a fourth conical surface, and the angle of the fourth conical surface is γ' which is equal to γ.

[0010] As a limitation of the present invention: the tail pad includes a first tail pad connected to the integrated head cover by welding, and also includes a second tail pad movably arranged at the rear side of the first tail pad.

[0011] As a limitation of the present utility model: the first tail pad and the second tail pad are cylindrical, and an inner hole is opened through the first tail pad and the second tail pad in the axial direction, and the diameter of the inner hole of the first tail pad and the second tail pad is consistent with the diameter of the high-temperature alloy rod; the outer circle of the head of the first tail pad is provided with a chamfer, and the chamfer is the welding groove for welding it to the integrated head cover, and the weld between the first tail pad and the integrated head cover is fully welded along the circumferential direction.

[0012] As a limitation of the present invention: the first tail pad and the second tail pad have the same length, both of which are 60 mm to 100 mm; the first tail pad and the second tail pad are made of stainless steel or carbon steel.

[0013] As a limitation of the present invention: the thickness of the integrated head cover in the circumferential direction of the cavity ranges from 7 mm to 20 mm, and the material of the integrated head cover is stainless steel or carbon steel.

[0014] As a limitation of the present utility model: the connection between different surfaces on the integrated head cover adopts arc surface transition, and the fillet radius is R25mm~R35mm; the connection between different surfaces on the high-temperature alloy blank adopts arc surface transition, and the fillet radius is R25mm~R35mm; the surface roughness of the integrated head cover and the high-temperature alloy blank is not greater than 1.6μm.

[0015] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0016] (1) In the present invention, the head pad and the sheath layer in the raw material for producing alloy bars in the prior art are made into an integrated head cover with an integrated structure. The integrated head cover does not have a weld seam, so the problem of the head pad and the raw material being separated due to extrusion or even the head pad flying out of the extrusion die in advance in the prior art will not occur. In addition, the weld metal will not be embedded in the extrusion die during extrusion to scratch the workpiece;

[0017] (2) The front end of the integrated head cover of the utility model is provided with a cylinder, and the cylinder is connected to the conical surface. This structure can improve the stress condition of the high-temperature alloy raw material during the initial extrusion, reduce the breakthrough force of the high-temperature alloy during extrusion, and is conducive to achieving near-isothermal extrusion and reducing the overall extrusion force;

[0018] (3) The inner cavity of the integrated head cover of the present invention is also made into a tapered shape, and the shape of the high-temperature alloy blank corresponds to the shape of the inner cavity of the integrated head cover, which is conducive to the firm combination of the integrated head cover and the high-temperature alloy blank, and is conducive to a smooth extrusion process and stable rod quality;

[0019] (4) The utility model is provided with a first tail pad and a second tail pad. The function of the first tail pad is to improve the smoothness of the metal flow at the tail of the high-temperature alloy bar, reduce the tail concave problem, and make the high-temperature alloy billet completely become a high-temperature alloy bar; the function of the second tail pad is to facilitate the separation of the residual pressure after the extrusion is completed from the high-temperature alloy bar, and further improve the yield rate.

[0020] In summary, the utility model reduces the extrusion force and improves the stress condition during the extrusion process by optimizing the raw material structure, promotes the uniformity of metal flow, avoids extrusion cracks, improves the quality of alloy bars and the utilization rate of raw materials, makes the internal structure streamlines of the alloy bars complete and dense, and the grains are small and uniform, which is suitable for the production of high-temperature alloy bars. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the high-temperature alloy bar blank sheath using the traditional process;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the raw material of the high-temperature alloy rod according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated headgear according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a high-temperature alloy blank according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a first tail pad according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the second tail pad according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of a flat cone die according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the extrusion device according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0030] In the figure: 001-head pad, 002-jacket layer, 003-tail pad, 1-raw material, 101-integrated head cover, 1011-first circular plane, 1012-first conical surface, 1013-second conical surface, 102-high-temperature alloy blank, 1021-second circular plane, 1022-third conical surface, 1023-fourth conical surface, 103-weld, 104-first tail pad, 105-second tail pad, 2-die base, 3-flat cone die, 4-support pad, 5-glass pad, 6-extrusion cylinder, 7-extrusion rod, 8-high-temperature alloy bar. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The preferred embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the raw material structure for producing high-temperature alloy bars described herein is a preferred embodiment and is only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and does not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0032] The directional terms or positional relationships such as "upper", "lower", "front" and "back" described in the present invention are based on the directional relationships in the drawings in the present invention specification and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the content protected by the present invention. Example

[0033] This embodiment Figures 2 to 8 The figure shows a raw material structure for producing high-temperature alloy bars, including a high-temperature alloy billet 102, an integral head cover 101, a first tail pad 104, and a second tail pad 105. Typically, the processing direction of the high-temperature alloy bar 8 is set, with the finished product output end of the bar as the front end and the feed end as the rear end. This is used to illustrate this embodiment. The integral head cover 101 is installed on the front end and the outer side of the middle body of the high-temperature alloy billet 102. The first tail pad 104 is welded and fixed to the rear end of the integral head cover 101. The second tail pad 105 is movably installed behind the first tail pad 104. The high-temperature alloy billet 102 is installed and fixed in the inner cavity of the integral head cover 101, and the fit is tight. After the raw material structure is heated, it is placed in an extrusion device to produce the high-temperature alloy bar 8 through extrusion.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, the front end of the integrated headgear 101 is cylindrical. A conical surface with an angle α is connected to the rear of the cylinder. The rear of the conical surface is connected to another cylindrical surface. The angle α of the conical surface can range from 105° to 110°. In this embodiment, the angle α is 110°. The length L1 of the cylinder is 9 to 30 mm. In this embodiment, the length L1 of the cylinder is 20 mm. The head shape of the internal cavity of the integrated headgear 101 is a first circular plane 1011. Behind the first circular plane 1011 is a first conical surface 1012. The angle β of the first conical surface 1012 is equal to α. Behind the first conical surface 1012 is a second conical surface 1013 with an angle γ. The angle γ of the second conical surface 1013 is 0.5° to 1°. The distance L2 between the first circular plane 1011 and the outermost surface of the cylindrical front end of the integrated headgear 101 is 50 to 90 mm. The circumferential thickness of the head cover 101 is 7mm to 20mm. The joints between different surfaces of the head cover 101 are formed with arc-shaped transitions, with a fillet radius ranging from R25mm to R35mm. The head cover 101 is made of stainless steel or carbon steel, with a surface roughness of no more than 1.6μm.

[0035] like Figure 4 As shown, the shape of the high-temperature alloy blank 102 corresponds to the internal shape of the integrated head cover 101. The gap between the high-temperature alloy blank 102 and the integrated head cover 101 is less than 0.3 mm, and the surface roughness of the high-temperature alloy blank 102 is no greater than 1.6 μm. The head of the high-temperature alloy blank 102 is shaped as a first circular flat surface 1021. Behind the first circular flat surface 1021 is a third conical surface 1022, with angles β' equal to β. Behind the third conical surface 1022 is a fourth conical surface 1023, with angles γ' equal to γ. The joints between different surfaces of the high-temperature alloy blank 102 are formed using arc-shaped transitions, with a fillet radius of R25 mm to R35 mm.

[0036] In the prior art, there is still the problem that the high-temperature alloy bar 8 is prone to tail shrinkage. Even if a tail pad is used, it cannot be guaranteed that the finished bar will not have such a problem, resulting in high material loss and low yield. Therefore, the present invention provides a first tail pad 104 and a second tail pad 105. Specifically, Figure 2 and Figure 5 、 Figure 6 As shown, a first tail pad 104 is welded and fixed to the rear side of the integrated head cover 101, and the weld 103 between the integrated head cover 101 and the first tail pad 104 is fully welded along the circumferential direction. A movable second tail pad 105 is provided on the rear side of the first tail pad 104. The first and second tail pads 104, 105 are both hollow cylinders, and the inner diameter of the bore is consistent with the diameter of the high-temperature alloy rod 8. In this embodiment, a chamfer is provided on the front side of the first tail pad 104. The chamfer on the first tail pad 104 serves as the weld groove for welding to the integrated head cover 101. The front side of the second tail pad 105 can be provided with or without a chamfer. The first and second tail pads 104, 105 have the same length, both 60 mm to 100 mm, and are made of stainless steel or carbon steel.

[0037] like Figure 8 As shown, the raw material is heated and placed in an extrusion device, and a high-temperature alloy rod 8 is produced by extrusion. In this embodiment, the extrusion device includes a die base 2, a flat cone die 3, a support pad 4, a glass pad 5, an extrusion cylinder 6 and an extrusion rod 7; Figure 7 As shown, the rear side of the flat cone die 3 is an annular plane with a thickness of L3, and the value of L3 is greater than 10 mm. At the same time, the inlet cone angle α' is 120°~125°. The inlet cone angle α' of this embodiment is 120°; the flat cone die 3 and the support pad 4 are installed inside the die base 2, and the support pad 4 supports the flat cone die 3; the die base 2 and the extrusion cylinder 6 are connected with a conical surface; a glass pad 5 is installed on the front side of the extrusion cylinder 6, and the raw material 1 is slidably set on the rear side of the glass pad 5, and the rear side of the raw material 1 is the extrusion rod 7; the extrusion rod 7 applies thrust to the raw material 1, and the raw material 1 undergoes plastic deformation in the extrusion cylinder 6, and a high-temperature alloy rod 8 is produced through the cavity of the flat cone die 3.

[0038] Combined with the structure of the above-mentioned integrated head cover 101 and the high-temperature alloy blank 102, the diameter d of the cylinder of the integrated head cover 101 is 2 to 4 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the flat-cone mold 3, the diameter of the first circular plane 1011 is equal to the inner diameter of the flat-cone mold 3, and the diameter of the second circular plane 1021 is equal to the inner diameter of the flat-cone mold 3.

[0039] The assembly process of the raw material structure of the high-temperature alloy bar of the present invention is as follows: the dimensions of the high-temperature alloy raw material 1 are calculated based on the finished dimensions of the high-temperature alloy bar 8. Based on the dimensions of the high-temperature alloy raw material 1, an integrated head cover 101, a high-temperature alloy blank 102, a first tail washer 104, and a second tail washer 105 are respectively processed. The high-temperature alloy blank 102 is then fixed within the inner cavity of the integrated head cover 101. The rear side of the integrated head cover 101 is connected to the first tail washer 104 by welding. A movable second tail washer 105 is disposed behind the first tail washer 104. The raw material structure of the bar is heated and placed in the aforementioned extrusion device. The extrusion rod 7 applies a thrust to the raw material 1, causing the raw material 1 to undergo plastic deformation within the extrusion barrel 6 and pass through the cavity of the flat-cone die 3 to produce the high-temperature alloy bar 8. The outer portion of the high-temperature alloy bar 8 is then straightened and the sheathing layer is removed to produce the finished high-temperature alloy bar. By optimizing the raw material structure, the present invention improves the extrusion process, ensures uniform metal flow, and enhances bar quality and raw material utilization.

Claims

1. A raw material structure for producing high-temperature alloy bars, characterized by: The invention comprises a high-temperature alloy blank, an integrated head cover and a tail pad, wherein the front end and the outer side of the middle body of the high-temperature alloy blank are covered with an integrated head cover, and the rear end of the integrated head cover is welded and fixed with a tail pad; the front end of the integrated head cover is a cylinder, the rear side of the cylinder is connected to a conical surface with an angle of α, and the rear side of the conical surface is connected to a cylindrical surface; the front end surface shape of the inner cavity of the integrated head cover is a first circular plane, the rear side of the first circular plane is a first conical surface, and the angle β of the first conical surface is equal to α, and the rear side of the first conical surface is connected to a second conical surface with an angle γ; the tail pad comprises a first tail pad connected to the integrated head cover by welding, and also comprises a second tail pad movably arranged at the rear side of the first tail pad.

2. The raw material structure for producing high-temperature alloy bars according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length L1 of the cylinder of the integrated head cover is 9 to 30 mm, and the diameter d of the cylinder is 2 to 4 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the flat-cone die used to process high-temperature alloy bars; the angle α of the conical surface is 105° to 110°, and the angle γ of the second conical surface is 0.5° to 1°; the diameter of the first circular plane is equal to the inner diameter of the flat-cone die, and the distance L2 between the first circular plane and the outermost side surface of the cylindrical body at the front end of the integrated head cover is 50 to 90 mm.

3. The raw material structure for producing high-temperature alloy bars according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer shape of the high-temperature alloy blank is set to correspond to the inner shape of the integrated head cover, the gap between the high-temperature alloy blank and the integrated head cover is less than 0.3 mm, the head shape of the high-temperature alloy blank is a second circular plane, and the diameter of the second circular plane is equal to the diameter of the first circular plane; the rear side of the second circular plane is a third conical surface, and the angle β' of the third conical surface is equal to β, and the rear side of the third conical surface is connected to a fourth conical surface, and the angle of the fourth conical surface is γ' which is equal to γ.

4. The raw material structure for producing high-temperature alloy bars according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first tail pad and the second tail pad are cylindrical, and an inner hole is opened through the first tail pad and the second tail pad in the axial direction. The diameter of the inner hole of the first tail pad and the second tail pad is consistent with the diameter of the high-temperature alloy rod; the outer circle of the head of the first tail pad is provided with a chamfer, and the chamfer is a welding groove for welding it to the integrated head cover, and the weld between the first tail pad and the integrated head cover is fully welded along the circumferential direction.

5. The raw material structure for producing high-temperature alloy bars according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first tail pad and the second tail pad have the same length, both of which are 60 mm to 100 mm; the first tail pad and the second tail pad are made of stainless steel or carbon steel.

6. A raw material structure for producing high-temperature alloy bars according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The thickness of the integrated head cover in the circumferential direction of the cavity ranges from 7 mm to 20 mm, and the material of the integrated head cover is stainless steel or carbon steel.

7. The raw material structure for producing high-temperature alloy bars according to claim 6, characterized in that: The joints between different surfaces on the integrated head cover adopt arc surface transition, and the fillet radius is R25mm~R35mm; the joints between different surfaces on the high-temperature alloy blank adopt arc surface transition, and the fillet radius is R25mm~R35mm; the surface roughness of the integrated head cover and the high-temperature alloy blank is not greater than 1.6μm.

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