Reservoir experimental model structure with flood discharge tunnel
By introducing flood discharge components and support components into the reservoir experimental model, the problems of water flow separation and vibration during large flow simulation were solved, and a more stable and smooth simulation effect was achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422991768.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-04
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-04
AI Technical Summary
During large flow simulations, water flow escapes at the bottom of the spillway, causing negative pressure and vibration problems, affecting the structural safety and operational efficiency of the spillway.
A reservoir experimental model structure with a spillway is adopted, including a spillway component and a support component. The spillway component controls the flood flow and water level through the spillway body and the spillway frame. The support component supports the diversion slope through the clamping plate and the support plate to reduce looseness. A curved arc is set at the bottom of the spillway frame to reduce water flow separation and loss of flow, and the baffle prevents water from leaking out.
It effectively reduces the separation and separation of water flow at the bottom plate, evens out the water flow pressure distribution, reduces the vibration caused by pressure fluctuations, and improves the fluidity and structural stability of the simulation experiment.
Smart Images
Figure CN223423181U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of reservoir experimental models, and in particular to a reservoir experimental model structure with a flood discharge tunnel. Background Art
[0002] Reservoir flood simulation experiment is an important hydraulic model test. It evaluates the flood discharge capacity and safety of the reservoir by simulating the water flow dynamics of the reservoir during floods. This experiment is crucial for understanding and predicting the impact of floods on reservoir structures, and helps to optimize the operation and scheduling of the reservoir and improve flood prevention and disaster reduction capabilities. The experiment is usually conducted in a laboratory environment by constructing a physical or mathematical model of the reservoir to simulate the flood process.
[0003] To more accurately simulate reservoir behavior during floods, particularly the operation of spillways, experimental reservoir models with spillways are needed. These models simulate the flow characteristics of the spillways at different flow rates, including velocity, pressure distribution, and potential cavitation. Using these models, researchers can observe and analyze the performance of spillways in actual operation, providing a scientific basis for reservoir design and operation.
[0004] In the existing spillway simulation experiment, the water flow can flow smoothly along the bottom plate of the spillway during small flow simulation, but during large flow simulation, due to the increase in water flow velocity, the water flow will be separated at the bottom plate. This separation will cause negative pressure and vibration problems inside the spillway, affecting the structural safety and operation efficiency of the spillway. For this reason, the present application provides a reservoir experimental model structure with a spillway. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this application is to solve the problem that during large flow simulation, water flow may be separated at the bottom plate, resulting in negative pressure and vibration inside the spillway. This application provides a reservoir experimental model structure with a spillway.
[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, this application specifically adopts the following technical solutions:
[0007] A reservoir experimental model structure with a flood discharge tunnel comprises a reservoir retaining wall, wherein the bottom of the reservoir retaining wall is fixedly connected to a base, the top of the reservoir retaining wall is provided with a flood discharge outlet, one side of the reservoir retaining wall is obliquely fixedly connected to a diversion slope, the top of the base is provided with an energy dissipation pool, two observation ladders are symmetrically fixedly connected to one side of the reservoir retaining wall, a flood discharge assembly is installed on one side of the reservoir retaining wall, side panels are fixedly connected to both sides of the diversion slope, and a support assembly is installed inside the diversion slope.
[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the support component is first used to support the bottom surface of the diversion slope, so as to reduce the possibility of the diversion slope becoming loose after a long period of water impact during flood simulation. When a large flow simulation is performed, the flood discharge component can be set to simulate the control of flood flow and water level, control and drain the flood, and also regulate the flow and water quality of the river. It can also be used to discharge excess flood, prevent the water level from being too high, and protect the reservoir and its downstream areas from floods. At the same time, the flood discharge component can also reduce the separation and de-flow of water at the bottom plate. At the same time, the curved bottom surface can make the pressure distribution of the water flow more uniform, reduce the drastic changes in pressure along the way, and thus reduce the vibration problem caused by pressure fluctuations.
[0009] Furthermore, the flood discharge component includes a flood discharge tunnel body that passes through the arch and is connected to the bottom end of one side of the reservoir retaining wall. One end of the flood discharge tunnel body is fixedly connected to a flood discharge frame. The interior of the stilling pool is fixedly connected to a pier, one side of the pier is fitted with one side of the flood discharge frame, one side of the flood discharge tunnel body is fixedly connected to an ecological base flow pipe, and the other end of the ecological base flow pipe is fixedly connected to the reservoir retaining wall.
[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, part of the water flow will enter the interior of the spillway frame through the spillway tunnel body, and then the water will flow along the bottom plate of the spillway frame into the interior of the energy dissipation pool. Through the set spillway tunnel body and spillway frame, the flood flow and water level can be simulated and controlled, the flood can be controlled and drained, and the flow and water quality of the river can also be adjusted. It can also be used to discharge excess flood and prevent the water level from being too high.
[0011] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the flood spillway is in a curved arc shape.
[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the bottom of the spillway frame is set into a curved arc shape to guide the water flow to fit more smoothly with the bottom of the spillway frame and then pass through the spillway frame, thereby reducing the separation and loss of water flow at the bottom plate.
[0013] Furthermore, a baffle is fixedly connected to the top of the flood discharge frame.
[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the baffle can also be set to block the top of the flood discharge frame under the condition of large flow simulation, thereby reducing water leakage.
[0015] Furthermore, a baffle is symmetrically fixedly connected to the top of the guide slope.
[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the baffle can also block and buffer the large flow of water, reducing the situation where the water flows directly out.
[0017] Furthermore, the support assembly includes a clamping plate clamped on one side of the guide slope, a plurality of clamping blocks are evenly fixedly connected on the inclined surface of the clamping plate, a plurality of clamping slots are evenly opened on one side of the guide slope, the clamping blocks can be clamped in the clamping slots, a plurality of slide rails are symmetrically fixedly connected on both sides of the clamping plate and on the side opposite to the guide slope, a support plate is slidably connected in two adjacent slide rails, and a plurality of slide rails are provided with fasteners.
[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the snap-in plate is taken out to push the card block into the inside of the card slot to achieve the snap-in fixation between the snap-in plate and the diversion slope. Then, multiple support plates are taken out again and inserted into multiple slide rails in turn, and the multiple support plates are snap-in fixed by fasteners. This reduces the possibility of the diversion slope loosening due to long-term water flow impact during flood simulation, thereby greatly improving the stability of the experimental process and the accuracy of the results.
[0019] Furthermore, the fastener includes two grooves symmetrically opened on one side of the slide rail, the interior of the two grooves is fixedly connected with a spring, the interior of the two grooves is slidably connected to a limiting block, one end of the spring is fixedly connected to one end of the limiting block, and the upper and lower sides of the support plate are symmetrically fixedly connected to the limiting grooves.
[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, when the support plate is fully inserted into the two slide rails, the limit groove on the support plate will be on the same horizontal line as the groove, so the spring rebound will push the limit block into the limit groove.
[0021] Furthermore, the end of the limiting block away from the spring is arc-shaped, and the shape and size of the limiting groove are consistent with the arc-shaped end of the limiting block.
[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the limiting block is guided by the arc surface and moves to the inside of the groove as the supporting plate gradually enters.
[0023] In summary, this application has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
[0024] 1. This application is provided with a flood discharge component. When conducting a large flow simulation, the bottom of the flood discharge frame is set into a curved arc shape to guide the water flow to fit more smoothly with the bottom of the flood discharge frame and then pass through the flood discharge frame, thereby reducing the separation and flow separation of the water flow at the bottom plate. At the same time, the curved arc bottom surface can make the pressure distribution of the water flow more uniform, reduce the drastic changes in pressure along the process, thereby reducing the vibration problem caused by pressure fluctuations, and greatly improving the fluency of the simulation experiment.
[0025] 2. This application is provided with a support assembly. First, the snap-on plate is snapped onto one side of the diversion slope, and then multiple support plates are inserted into the interior of the slide rail, so that one side of the snap-on plate and the support plate fits into one side of the diversion slope, and the other side fits into one side of the reservoir retaining wall. Through the mutual support of the snap-on plate and the support plate, the possibility of the diversion slope becoming loose due to long-term water flow impact during flood simulation can be reduced, which greatly improves the stability of the experimental process and the accuracy of the results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the device body in this application.
[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the flood discharge component in this application.
[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the support assembly in this application.
[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fastener in this application.
[0030] Description of reference numerals:
[0031] 1. Reservoir retaining wall; 2. Base; 3. Flood discharge outlet; 4. Diversion slope; 5. Energy dissipation pool; 6. Observation ladder; 7. Flood discharge tunnel body; 8. Flood discharge frame; 9. Pier; 10. Baffle; 11. Ecological base flow pipe; 12. Baffle; 13. Side plate; 14. Snap-in plate; 15. Block; 16. Slot; 17. Slide rail; 18. Support plate; 19. Groove; 20. Spring; 21. Limit block; 22. Limit slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] The following is combined with Figure 1 —4 provides further details of this application.
[0033] The embodiment of the present application discloses a reservoir experimental model structure with a flood discharge tunnel.
[0034] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A reservoir experimental model structure with a flood discharge tunnel includes a reservoir retaining wall 1, the bottom of the reservoir retaining wall 1 is fixedly connected to a base 2, a flood discharge outlet 3 is opened on the top of the reservoir retaining wall 1, a diversion slope 4 is fixedly connected to one side of the reservoir retaining wall 1, a stilling pool 5 is opened on the top of the base 2, two observation ladders 6 are symmetrically fixedly connected to one side of the reservoir retaining wall 1, a flood discharge component is installed on one side of the reservoir retaining wall 1, side plates 13 are fixedly connected to both sides of the diversion slope 4, a support component is installed inside the diversion slope 4, and a baffle 12 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the top of the diversion slope 4;
[0035] Secondly, the flood discharge assembly comprises a flood discharge tunnel body 7 connected at the bottom end of one side of the reservoir retaining wall 1 through the arch, one end of the flood discharge tunnel body 7 is fixedly connected with a flood discharge frame 8, the inside of the stilling basin 5 is fixedly connected with a pier 9, one side of the pier 9 is attached to one side of the flood discharge frame 8, one side of the flood discharge tunnel body 7 is fixedly connected with an ecological base flow pipe 11, the other end of the ecological base flow pipe 11 is fixedly connected with the reservoir retaining wall 1, the bottom surface of the flood discharge frame 8 is in a curved arc shape, and the top of the flood discharge frame 8 is fixedly connected with a baffle 10.
[0036] In use, first, the support assembly is used to support the bottom surface of the diversion slope 4, so as to reduce the possibility of loosening of the diversion slope 4 caused by long-time water flow impact during flood simulation, greatly improving the stability and result accuracy during the experiment. When small flow simulation is performed, part of the water flow flows out through the flood discharge opening 3, and then flows into the inside of the stilling basin 5 through the guidance of the diversion slope 4. Secondly, part of the water flow flows into the inside of the flood discharge frame 8 through the flood discharge tunnel body 7, and then flows into the inside of the stilling basin 5 along the bottom plate of the flood discharge frame 8. Through the setting of the flood discharge tunnel body 7 and the flood discharge frame 8, the flood flow and water level can be simulated and controlled, the flood can be controlled and drained, the flow and water quality of the river can be adjusted, and the excess flood can also be discharged to prevent the water level from being too high, thereby protecting the reservoir and the downstream area from the influence of floods. When large flow simulation is performed, part of the water flow flows out through the flood discharge opening 3, and the large flow water source can also be blocked and buffered by the flow baffle 12, so as to reduce the direct outflow of the water flow. Part of the water flow flows out through the flood discharge tunnel body 7 and the flood discharge frame 8. At this time, the bottom of the flood discharge frame 8 is set in a curved arc shape to guide the water flow to more smoothly attach to the bottom of the flood discharge frame 8 and then pass through the flood discharge frame 8, so as to reduce the separation and outflow of the water flow at the bottom plate. At the same time, the curved arc-shaped bottom surface can make the pressure distribution of the water flow more uniform, reduce the sharp change of the pressure along the way, thereby reducing the vibration problem caused by pressure fluctuation, greatly improving the smoothness of the simulation experiment, and improving the structural safety and operation efficiency of the flood discharge tunnel body 7 and the flood discharge frame 8. The baffle 10 set can also block the top of the flood discharge frame 8 under the condition of large flow simulation, so as to reduce the outflow of the water flow.
[0037] With reference to Figure 1 and Figure 3 , the support assembly comprises a clamping plate 14 clamped on one side of the diversion slope 4, a plurality of clamping blocks 15 are fixedly connected on the inclined surface of the clamping plate 14, a plurality of clamping grooves 16 are uniformly formed on one side of the diversion slope 4, the clamping blocks 15 can be clamped in the clamping grooves 16, a plurality of sliding rails 17 are symmetrically fixedly connected on the opposite sides of the clamping plate 14 and the opposite sides of the diversion slope 4, a support plate 18 is slidably connected in the adjacent two sliding rails 17, and a buckle piece is arranged in the plurality of sliding rails 17.
[0038] When in use, first take out the clamping plate 14, then fit the multiple clamping blocks 15 with the clamping slots 16, and then press the clamping plate 14 hard to push the clamping block 15 into the inside of the clamping slots 16, so as to achieve the clamping and fixing between the clamping plate 14 and the diversion slope 4. When the clamping plate 14 is fixed, the multiple support plates 18 can be taken out again and inserted into the multiple slide rails 17 in turn, and the multiple support plates 18 are clamped and fixed by the fasteners, so that one side of the clamping plate 14 and the support plate 18 fits with one side of the diversion slope 4, and the other side fits with one side of the reservoir retaining wall 1. The mutual support of the 14 support plates 18 of the clamping plate can reduce the possibility of the diversion slope 4 becoming loose after a long time of water flow impact during flood simulation, thereby greatly improving the stability and result accuracy during the experiment.
[0039] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The fastener includes two grooves 19 symmetrically opened on one side of the slide rail 17, and the inside of the two grooves 19 is fixedly connected with a spring 20. The inside of the two grooves 19 is slidably connected to a limit block 21, and one end of the spring 20 is fixedly connected to one end of the limit block 21. The upper and lower sides of the support plate 18 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the limit groove 22. The end of the limit block 21 away from the spring 20 is arc-shaped, and the shape and size of the limit groove 22 are consistent with the arc-shaped end of the limit block 21.
[0040] During use, when the support plate 18 is gradually inserted into the two slide rails 17, one end of the support plate 18 will fit with the arc surface of the two limit blocks 21. Guided by the arc surface, the limit block 21 will move to the inside of the groove 19 as the support plate 18 gradually enters. When the support plate 18 is fully inserted into the two slide rails 17, the limit groove 22 on the support plate 18 will be on the same horizontal line as the groove 19. Therefore, the rebound of the spring 20 will push the limit block 21 to enter the inside of the limit groove 22. Through the mutual cooperation between the limit block 21 and the limit groove 22, the support plate 18 can be stably clamped inside the slide rail 17.
[0041] The implementation principle of the reservoir experimental model structure with a flood discharge tunnel in this embodiment is as follows: when in use, first take out the clamping plate 14, then fit the multiple clamping blocks 15 with the clamping groove 16, and then press the clamping plate 14 with force to push the clamping block 15 into the inside of the clamping groove 16, so as to achieve the clamping fixation between the clamping plate 14 and the diversion slope 4. When the clamping plate 14 is fixed, the multiple support plates 18 can be taken out again and inserted into the multiple slide rails 17 in sequence. When the support plate 18 is gradually inserted into the two slide rails 17, one end of the support plate 18 will fit with the arc surface of the two limit blocks 21. Guided by the arc surface, the limit block 21 will move to the inside of the groove 19 as the support plate 18 gradually enters, and when the support plate 18 is fixed, the multiple support plates 18 can be taken out again and inserted into the multiple slide rails 17 in sequence. When the support plate 18 is gradually inserted into the two slide rails 17, one end of the support plate 18 will fit with the arc surface of the two limit blocks 21. Through the guidance of the arc surface, the limit block 21 will move to the inside of the groove 19 as the support plate 18 gradually enters. When the plate 18 is fully inserted into the two slide rails 17, the limit groove 22 on the support plate 18 will be on the same horizontal line as the groove 19. Therefore, the spring 20 will rebound and push the limit block 21 to enter the inside of the limit groove 22. The limit block 21 cooperates with the limit groove 22 to stably clamp the support plate 18 inside the slide rail 17, so that one side of the clamping plate 14 and the support plate 18 is in contact with one side of the diversion slope 4, and the other side is in contact with one side of the reservoir retaining wall 1. The mutual support of the clamping plate 14 and the support plates 18 can reduce the possibility of the diversion slope 4 becoming loose after a long period of water flow impact during flood simulation, thereby greatly improving the stability and result accuracy during the experiment.
[0042] When a small flow simulation is performed, part of the water will flow out through the flood discharge port 3, and then flow into the stilling pool 5 through the guidance of the diversion slope 4. Secondly, part of the water will enter the flood discharge frame 8 through the flood discharge tunnel body 7, and then the water will flow into the stilling pool 5 along the bottom plate of the flood discharge frame 8. By setting the flood discharge tunnel body 7 and the flood discharge frame 8, the flood flow and water level can be simulated and controlled, and the flood can be controlled and drained. At the same time, the flow and water quality of the river can also be adjusted, and it can also be used to discharge excess floods, prevent the water level from being too high, and protect the reservoir and its downstream areas from being affected by floods. When a large flow simulation is performed, by The bottom of the spillway frame 8 is set to a curved arc shape to guide the water flow to fit more smoothly with the bottom of the spillway frame 8 and then pass through the spillway frame 8, so as to reduce the separation and de-flow of the water flow at the bottom plate. At the same time, the curved arc bottom surface can make the pressure distribution of the water flow more uniform, reduce the drastic changes in pressure along the way, thereby reducing the vibration problem caused by pressure fluctuations, greatly improving the smoothness of the simulation experiment, and also improving the structural safety and operation efficiency of the spillway tunnel body 7 and the spillway frame 8. In addition, the baffle 10 can also be set to block the top of the spillway frame 8 in the case of large flow simulation to reduce water leakage.
Claims
1. A reservoir experimental model structure with a flood discharge tunnel, comprising a reservoir retaining wall (1), characterized in that: The bottom of the reservoir retaining wall (1) is fixedly connected to a base (2), the top of the reservoir retaining wall (1) is provided with a flood discharge port (3), one side of the reservoir retaining wall (1) is fixedly connected to a diversion slope (4), the top of the base (2) is provided with a stilling pool (5), one side of the reservoir retaining wall (1) is symmetrically fixedly connected to two observation ladders (6), one side of the reservoir retaining wall (1) is installed with a flood discharge assembly, both sides of the diversion slope (4) are fixedly connected to side plates (13), and the interior of the diversion slope (4) is installed with a support assembly.
2. The reservoir experimental model structure with a flood discharge tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flood discharge assembly comprises a flood discharge tunnel body (7) penetrating the arch and connected to the bottom end of one side of the reservoir retaining wall (1); one end of the flood discharge tunnel body (7) is fixedly connected to a flood discharge frame (8); the interior of the stilling pool (5) is fixedly connected to a pier (9); one side of the pier (9) is in contact with one side of the flood discharge frame (8); one side of the flood discharge tunnel body (7) is fixedly connected to an ecological base flow pipe (11); the other end of the ecological base flow pipe (11) is fixedly connected to the reservoir retaining wall (1).
3. The reservoir experimental model structure with a flood discharge tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the flood discharge frame (8) is in a curved arc shape.
4. The reservoir experimental model structure with a flood discharge tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: A baffle (10) is fixedly connected to the top of the flood discharge frame (8).
5. The reservoir experimental model structure with a flood discharge tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A baffle (12) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the top of the guide slope (4).
6. The reservoir experimental model structure with a flood discharge tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly comprises a clamping plate (14) clamped on one side of the guide slope (4), a plurality of clamping blocks (15) are evenly fixedly connected on the inclined surface of the clamping plate (14), a plurality of clamping grooves (16) are evenly opened on one side of the guide slope (4), and the clamping blocks (15) can be clamped in the clamping grooves (16), a plurality of slide rails (17) are symmetrically fixedly connected on both sides of the clamping plate (14) and on one side opposite to the guide slope (4), a support plate (18) is slidably connected in two adjacent slide rails (17), and a plurality of slide rails (17) are provided with fasteners.
7. The reservoir experimental model structure with a flood discharge tunnel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The latch comprises two grooves (19) symmetrically arranged on one side of the slide rail (17), the interiors of the two grooves (19) are fixedly connected with springs (20), the interiors of the two grooves (19) are slidably connected with a limiting block (21), one end of the spring (20) is fixedly connected to one end of the limiting block (21), and the upper and lower sides of the support plate (18) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the limiting grooves (22).
8. The reservoir experimental model structure with a flood discharge tunnel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The end of the limiting block (21) away from the spring (20) is arc-shaped, and the shape and size of the limiting groove (22) are consistent with the arc-shaped end of the limiting block (21).