Monitoring and early warning system for railway roadbed slope landslide
By burying a monitoring and early warning system in the railway embankment slope and using monitors and connecting wire strain collectors arranged in a triangulated network, accurate monitoring and early warning of landslides are achieved, solving the monitoring difficulties in existing technologies and ensuring the safety of railway operations.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422450713.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-11
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies lack accurate railway embankment slope landslide monitoring and early warning systems. Especially considering the safety of train operations, slope landslide monitoring is difficult to implement effectively, especially for high-fill loess embankment monitoring.
A monitoring and early warning system that can be buried in the roadbed slope is designed. It includes a monitor, a connecting device and a data processor. By monitoring the displacement changes of the slope, the monitors arranged in a triangulated network and the strain collectors of the connecting wires are used to monitor and warn of the occurrence of landslides in real time.
It has achieved accurate monitoring and timely early warning of railway embankment slope landslides, identified the causes and locations of landslides, and prevented them from occurring, playing an important role in ensuring safety.
Smart Images
Figure CN223427150U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of monitoring and early warning of railway roadbed slope landslides. Background Art
[0002] Landslides on railway embankment slopes pose a great threat to railways. They not only damage the lines and interrupt traffic, but also endanger track structures and facilities, and even cause traffic accidents.
[0003] Currently, there are a number of measures available to control roadbed landslides, including drainage, piling or retaining wall construction, and modifying the soil properties at the landslide site. These measures have been effective in controlling roadbed landslides. This is particularly true for loess roadbeds with high fills, where the collapsible nature of the soil increases the likelihood of landslides. Under these circumstances, monitoring and early warning of roadbed slope landslides are crucial. However, there is currently no high-precision roadbed landslide monitoring and early warning system. This is particularly true for railways, where, due to operational safety concerns, some equipment protruding above the slope surface is prohibited, making effective monitoring of slope landslides difficult. Therefore, a system that can be embedded within the roadbed slope and effectively monitor and warn of landslides is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a system for monitoring and warning of railway embankment slope landslides, that is, by monitoring the displacement changes of the slope before the embankment landslide is about to occur, monitoring and warning of railway embankment slope landslides are performed.
[0005] The utility model is a monitoring and early warning system for railway roadbed slope landslides, comprising a monitor 1, a connecting device 2 and a data processor 3. The monitor 1 comprises a barrel-shaped shell 4, a vertical axis 5, a vertical axis bracket 6, and barrel external embedded reinforcement 7; the connecting device 2 comprises a connecting pipe 8, a connecting wire 9 and a connector 10, and the end wire 9-1 of each connecting wire 9 is equipped with a strain collector 12. The barrel-shaped shell 4 consists of three parts: a side wall 4-1, a top cover 4-2, and a bottom cover 4-3. The side wall 4-1 is cylindrical, the bottom cover 4-3 is connected to the side wall 4-1, and the top cover 4-2 can be opened; the vertical axis 5 is consolidated with the barrel-shaped shell 4 by a vertical axis bracket 6; the vertical axis bracket 6 comprises two layers, upper and lower, respectively close to the upper and lower parts of the barrel-shaped shell 4; each layer of the vertical axis bracket 6 consists of three support rods 6-1, and the three support rods 6-1 are arranged at equal angles of 120°.
[0006] The beneficial effect of this utility model is that by measuring the subtle movement of the slope points before a railway roadbed landslide, the cause of the landslide and the location where the landslide may initially occur can be identified, and timely warning measures can be taken to prevent the landslide. This is of great significance. The structure of this patent is relatively simple, highly practical, and has significant economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0007] Figure 1 Overall schematic diagram of the landslide monitoring and early warning system. Figure 2 This is a partial structural elevation diagram of the monitor. Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the barrel shell structure. Figure 4 This is the II cross-sectional view (top view of the vertical axis bracket), Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the external ribs of the barrel. Figure 6 This is the II-II cross-section (top view of the barrel's external reinforcement). Figure 7 This is the connection device structure diagram, Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the connection device installation. Figure 9 This is the III-III cross-sectional view (connection device installation cross-sectional view), Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting wire length. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the triangular network layout of the monitoring and early warning system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0008] The following is a further description of the technical content of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the monitoring and early warning system for slope landslides of the present invention includes three parts: a monitor 1, a connecting device 2, and a data processor 3. The monitor 1 includes a barrel-shaped shell 4, a vertical axis 5, a vertical axis bracket 6, and a barrel external embedded reinforcement 7. The barrel-shaped shell 4 is composed of three parts: a side wall 4-1, a top cover 4-2, and a bottom cover 4-3. The side wall 4-1 is cylindrical, the bottom cover 4-3 is connected to the side wall 4-1, and the top cover 4-2 can be opened. The vertical axis 5 is the main axis for fixing the strain device, and is fixed to the barrel-shaped shell 4 by the vertical axis bracket 6. The vertical axis bracket 6 includes two layers, one upper layer and the other lower layer, which are respectively close to the upper and lower parts of the barrel-shaped shell 4 and are used to connect the top and bottom of the vertical axis 5. Each layer of the vertical axis bracket 6 is composed of three support rods 6-1, and the three support rods 6-1 are arranged at an equal angle of 120°.
[0009] like Figure 5 、 Figure 6 As shown, the monitor 1 has external reinforcement bars 7 disposed on the outside of the barrel-shaped housing 4. The reinforcement bars 7 are disposed only on the outside of the sidewall 4-1 of the barrel-shaped housing 4. The reinforcement bars 7 are a combination of radial reinforcement bars 7-1 and circumferential reinforcement bars 7-2, so that the monitor 1 can better integrate with the surrounding soil and move as a whole. The reinforcement bars 7 are provided in two layers along the height of the barrel-shaped housing 4. At the same time, the length of the radial reinforcement bars 7-1 does not exceed the outer diameter of the monitor 1, ensuring that soil movement within a smaller range around the monitor 1 can be reflected.
[0010] like Figures 7 to 9As shown in the figure, the connecting device 2 comprises a connecting pipe 8, a connecting wire 9 and a connector 10. The connecting wire 9 is arranged inside the connecting pipe 8, and the connecting pipe 8 protects the connecting wire 9. The two ends of the connecting wire 9 are connected to the vertical shafts 5 of the two monitors 1 respectively. The connecting wire 9 comprises an end wire 9-1 and a middle wire 9-2. The end wire 9-1 extends into the monitor 1 and is made of a different material from the middle wire 9-2. The elastic modulus E2 of the material of the middle wire 9-2 is larger, and the elastic modulus E1 of the material of the end wire 9-1 is smaller. This ensures that when the distance between the two monitors 1 changes, the strain of the end wire 9-1 of the connecting wire 9 can be maximally reflected.
[0011] As shown in the figure, Figure 9 The connector 10 is a component for connecting the connecting pipe 8 and the monitor 1 together. The connector 10 comprises an inner ring 10-1, an outer ring 10-2 and a middle shaft 10-3. The cross sections of the inner ring 10-1, the outer ring 10-2 and the middle shaft 10-3 are all circular, and the inner diameters are all the same as the inner diameter of the connecting pipe 8. The outer diameters of the inner ring 10-1 and the outer ring 10-2 are larger than the outer diameter of the middle shaft 10-3. The middle shaft 10-3 is the part of the connector 10 that passes through the barrel-shaped shell 4. The barrel-shaped shell 4 is provided with a circular hole 11 at this part for the middle shaft 10-3 to pass through. The diameter of the circular hole 11 is 0.5 mm larger than the outer diameter of the middle shaft 10-3, so as to ensure that the middle shaft 10-3 can pass through the circular hole 11, but the soil around cannot enter the barrel-shaped shell 4. The diameter of the circular hole 11 is smaller than the outer diameters of the inner ring 10-1 and the outer ring 10-2, so as to ensure that the connector 10 will not be separated from the monitor 1 when sliding, and will not excessively extend into the monitor 1. The net distance between the inner ring 10-1 and the outer ring 10-2 is the distance that the connector 10 can slide.
[0012] As shown in the figure, Figure 1 , Figure 9 As shown in the figure, the end wire 9-1 of each connecting wire 9 is provided with a strain collector 12. The strain collector 12 can collect the strain of the end wire 9-1 of the connecting wire 9 at regular time intervals and send it to the data processor 3. The data processor 3 collects, analyzes and processes the data sent by each strain collector 12, determines the distance change between the monitors 1, and sends an alarm according to the specific situation.
[0013] As shown in the figure, Figure 10 For one connecting wire 9 between the two monitors 1, the lengths of the two end wires 9-1 are equal, both being l1, and the elastic modulus is E1. The length of the middle wire 9-2 is l2, and the elastic modulus is E2. When the two monitors 1 move relatively, the strain values collected by the strain collectors 12 of the two end wires 9-1 of the connecting wire 9 are ε 11 and ε 12 . The average value ε1 of the two values is taken as the strain value of the end wire 9-1 of the connecting wire 9, i.e. ε1 = (ε 11 + ε 12) / 2. The strain value of the middle wire 9-2 is ε2. Since ε1E1=ε2E2, the strain of the middle part is ε2=ε1E1 / E2. Therefore, the distance change between the two monitors 1 is:
[0014] Δl=2Δl1+Δl2=(ε 11+ ε 12 )(2l1+E1l2 / E2) / 2 (1).
[0015] like Figure 11 As shown, the monitors 1 are arranged in a triangular pattern, with the connecting tubes 8 between the monitors forming a triangular network 13, the most accurate measurement network for displacement measurement. When conditions permit, the triangles in triangular network 13 are preferably arranged as regular triangles. Triangular network 13 should be arranged to cover the potential landslide area 14. During monitoring, the change in distance Δl between the monitoring points 1 in triangular network 13 is used as a basis to identify the earliest possible landslide location, enabling early warning to alert personnel to take appropriate measures to control the landslide.
[0016] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, the application method of the monitoring and early warning system for railway roadbed slope landslide of the utility model comprises the following specific steps:
[0017] Step (1) Select the area where the monitoring network is to be arranged, and determine the number of monitors 1 to be arranged and the length of the connecting pipe 8.
[0018] Step (2) excavating the soil. The excavation depth is preferably such that the connecting pipe 8 is buried about 20 cm below the slope and the circular hole 11 of the monitor 1 is facing the connecting pipe 8.
[0019] Step (3): Install the monitor 1 into the soil so that the vertical axis 5 is perpendicular to the slope surface; and connect the connecting device 2 to the monitor 1.
[0020] Step (4) Install the strain collector 12 in place, then fix the monitor 1 and tighten the connecting wire 9. After checking that everything is correct, cover the top cover 4-2 of the barrel-shaped shell 4.
[0021] Step (5) Connect each device to the power supply and debug it, then bury the monitor 1 and the connecting pipe 8 with soil, and the monitoring and early warning system will start working.
[0022] In step (6), during the monitoring process, the earliest possible location of landslide is detected based on the distance change Δl between the monitors 1 in the triangulated network 13, and an early warning is issued to remind relevant personnel to take corresponding measures to control the landslide.
Claims
1. A monitoring and early warning system for railway embankment slope landslides, comprising a monitor (1), a connecting device (2) and a data processor (3), characterized in that The monitor (1) comprises a barrel-shaped shell (4), a vertical axis (5), a vertical axis bracket (6), and a barrel external reinforcement (7); the connecting device (2) comprises a connecting pipe (8), a connecting wire (9), and a connector (10); the end wire (9-1) of each connecting wire (9) is installed with a strain collector (12); the barrel-shaped shell (4) consists of three parts: a side wall (4-1), a top cover (4-2), and a bottom cover (4-3); the side wall (4-1) is cylindrical, the bottom cover (4-3) is connected to the side wall (4-1), and the top cover (4-2) can be opened; the vertical axis (5) is fixed to the barrel-shaped shell (4) by the vertical axis bracket (6); the vertical axis bracket (6) comprises two layers, upper and lower, respectively close to the upper and lower parts of the barrel-shaped shell (4); each layer of the vertical axis bracket (6) consists of three support rods (6-1), and the three support rods (6-1) are arranged at an equal angle of 120 degrees.
2. The railway embankment slope landslide monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that The monitor (1) is provided with external barrel reinforcement bars (7) on the outside of the barrel-shaped shell (4). The external barrel reinforcement bars (7) are only provided on the outside of the side wall (4-1) of the barrel-shaped shell (4). The external barrel reinforcement bars (7) are combined in a radial reinforcement bar (7-1) and an annular reinforcement bar (7-2). The external barrel reinforcement bars (7) are provided in two layers along the height of the barrel-shaped shell (4). The length of the radial reinforcement bar (7-1) does not exceed the outer diameter of the monitor (1).
3. The monitoring and early warning system for railway embankment landslide according to claim 1 is characterized in that The connecting wire (9) is installed inside the connecting tube (8), and the two ends of the connecting wire (9) are respectively connected to the vertical axes (5) of the two monitors (1); the connecting wire (9) includes an end wire (9-1) and an intermediate wire (9-2); the end wire (9-1) extends into the monitor (1) and is made of a different material from the intermediate wire (9-2); the elastic modulus E2 of the material of the intermediate wire (9-2) is larger, and the elastic modulus E1 of the end wire (9-1) is smaller.
4. The monitoring and early warning system for railway embankment landslide according to claim 1 is characterized in that The connector (10) comprises three parts: an inner ring (10-1), an outer ring (10-2) and a central axis (10-3); the cross sections of the inner ring (10-1), the outer ring (10-2) and the central axis (10-3) are all circular, and the inner diameters are the same as the inner diameter of the connecting pipe (8); the outer diameters of the inner ring (10-1) and the outer ring (10-2) are larger than the outer diameter of the central axis (10-3); a circular hole (11) is provided on the barrel-shaped outer shell (4) for the central axis (10-3) to pass through; the diameter of the circular hole (11) is larger than the outer diameter of the central axis (10-3) by 0.5 mm, and the diameter of the circular hole (11) is smaller than the outer diameters of the inner ring (10-1) and the outer ring (10-2); the net distance between the inner ring (10-1) and the outer ring (10-2) is the distance that the connector (10) can slide.