Antenna unit and communication equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, and discloses an antenna unit and communication equipment, the antenna unit comprises a dielectric plate, a radiator, a microstrip feeder line, a first resonance unit, a second resonance unit and a grounding plate, the radiator is provided with a slot, one end of the microstrip feeder line is perpendicular to one side of the dielectric plate, and the other end of the microstrip feeder line is perpendicular to the other side of the dielectric plate. One end of the microstrip feeder line is connected with the antenna, the other end of the microstrip feeder line is connected with the radiator, the microstrip feeder line is provided with a slot unit, the slot unit comprises a first slot branch knot and a second slot branch knot, and the first slot branch knot and the second slot branch knot are connected in a bending manner; and the second resonance unit and the first resonance unit are symmetrically arranged relative to the microstrip feeder. According to the embodiment of the invention, in-band interference can be effectively suppressed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna unit and a communication device. Background Art

[0002] Planar broadband antennas are an important wireless communication component. Compared with traditional antennas, planar broadband antennas have a simpler structure and are easier to integrate into miniaturized wireless communication terminals. At the same time, they are lower in cost. The broadband characteristics of planar broadband antennas enable the antennas to operate in a wider frequency range, thereby achieving higher data transmission rates.

[0003] During the implementation of the embodiments of the present application, the inventors discovered that planar ultra-wideband antennas usually adopt a planar structure with limited space, making it difficult to accommodate complex in-band notch structures. In addition, the adjustment of the notch frequency requires precise control of component size and circuit parameters, requiring complex simulation and optimization processes. Nonlinear elements in planar ultra-wideband antennas or other circuits may generate harmonics, and the harmonic frequencies may fall within the passband of the planar ultra-wideband antenna, thereby generating in-band interference. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main technical problem solved by the embodiments of the present application is to provide an antenna unit, so that the antenna unit has the characteristics of in-band notch, which can effectively suppress in-band interference.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted in an embodiment of the present application is: providing an antenna unit, the antenna unit including a dielectric plate, a radiator, a microstrip feeder, a first resonant unit, a second resonant unit and a ground plate, the radiator is arranged on the dielectric plate, the radiator is provided with a slot, one end of the microstrip feeder is perpendicular to one side of the dielectric plate, the other end of the microstrip feeder is connected to the radiator, and the microstrip feeder is provided with a slot unit, the slot unit includes a first slot branch and a second slot branch, the first slot branch and the second slot branch are bent and connected; the second resonant unit and the first resonant unit are symmetrically arranged about the microstrip feeder, the ground plate is arranged with the dielectric plate, the ground plate is arranged opposite to the radiator, and one end of the ground plate is perpendicular to the dielectric plate.

[0006] Optionally, the slit unit further includes a third slit branch, one end of the third slit branch is connected to the first slit branch, the other end of the third slit branch is connected to the second slit branch, and the first slit branch and the second slit branch are arranged in parallel.

[0007] Optionally, the first resonance unit includes a first resonance branch and a second resonance branch, and the first resonance branch is vertically connected to the second resonance branch.

[0008] Optionally, the first resonance unit is an “L”-shaped resonance unit.

[0009] Optionally, the second resonance unit includes a third resonance branch and a fourth resonance branch, and the third resonance branch is vertically connected to the fourth resonance branch.

[0010] Optionally, the second resonance unit is an “L”-shaped resonance unit.

[0011] Optionally, the radiator includes a rectangular radiation patch, a first semi-elliptical radiation patch and a second semi-elliptical radiation patch, the first semi-elliptical radiation patch and the second semi-elliptical radiation patch are respectively arranged on both sides of the rectangular radiation patch, and the slot is arranged on the radiation patch.

[0012] Optionally, the slot is a rectangular slot.

[0013] Optionally, the radiator and the ground plate are symmetrically arranged about a perpendicular midline of the dielectric plate.

[0014] In order to solve the above technical problems, another technical solution adopted in the embodiment of the present application is: providing a communication device, including any of the above antenna units.

[0015] An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna unit, the antenna unit comprising a dielectric plate, a radiator, a microstrip feeder, a first resonant unit, a second resonant unit, and a ground plane, the radiator being arranged on the dielectric plate, the radiator being provided with a slot, one end of the microstrip feeder being perpendicular to one side of the dielectric plate, the other end of the microstrip feeder being connected to the radiator, and the microstrip feeder being provided with a slot unit, the slot unit comprising a first slot branch and a second slot branch, the first slot branch and the second slot branch being connected in a bent manner; the second resonant unit and the first resonant unit being symmetrically arranged about the microstrip feeder, The ground plate is arranged on the dielectric plate, and the ground plate is arranged opposite to the radiator, and one end of the ground plate is perpendicular to the dielectric plate. By setting the gap unit, the current distribution on the radiator is changed, so that the current is more evenly distributed on the antenna, thereby improving the impedance matching performance of the antenna, making the antenna unit highly selective, and setting the first resonant unit and the second resonant unit to reflect some electromagnetic waves of specific frequencies, resulting in the electromagnetic waves of these frequencies being unable to propagate normally, thereby forming a notch in the passband, thereby effectively suppressing interference signals of specific frequencies and improving the performance of the wireless communication system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly describes the drawings required for the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals throughout the drawings. Elements or parts in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 is another schematic diagram of the antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 This is the design layout of the antenna unit of the embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 4 This is another design layout of the antenna unit according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 5 is the reflection coefficient simulation result of the antenna unit of the embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 6 These are the simulation results of the maximum gain and radiation efficiency of the antenna unit in the embodiment of the present application.

[0023] The figure numbers in the specific implementation manner are as follows: 100, antenna unit; 10, dielectric plate; 20, radiator; 201, slot; 202, rectangular radiation patch; 203, first semi-elliptical radiation patch; 304, second semi-elliptical radiation patch; 30, microstrip feeder; 301, slot unit; 311, first slot branch; 312, second slot branch; 313, third slot branch; 40, first resonant unit; 401, first resonant branch; 402, second resonant branch; 50, second resonant unit; 501, third resonant branch; 502, fourth resonant branch; 60, ground plane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present application, the present application will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as being "fixed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or there can be one or more centered elements therebetween. When an element is described as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or there can be one or more centered elements therebetween. The terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", "vertical", "horizontal", etc. used in this specification indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used in this specification are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the relevant listed items.

[0026] In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0027] See also Figure 1The antenna unit 100 includes: a dielectric plate 10, a radiator 20, a microstrip feed line 30, a first resonant unit 40, a second resonant unit 50 and a ground plate 60. The radiator 20 is arranged on the dielectric plate 10 and is provided with a slot 201. By introducing the slot 201, the current distribution and electromagnetic field mode of the radiator 20 can be changed, thereby widening the impedance bandwidth of the antenna unit 100 and improving the performance stability of the antenna unit 100 within a wide frequency band. In addition, the slot 201 changes the effective area of ​​the radiator 20, thereby reducing its resonant frequency. One end of the microstrip feed line 30 is perpendicular to one side of the dielectric plate 10, and the other end of the microstrip feed line 30 is connected to the radiator 20, making the microstrip feed line 30 more compact, which is conducive to the miniaturization and integration of the antenna. At the same time, it can also reduce the coupling interference between the microstrip feed line 30 and the radiator 20, and improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna. The other end of the microstrip feed line 30 is connected to the radiator 20, and the microstrip feed line 30 is provided with a slot unit 301. The slot unit 301 will reflect some electromagnetic waves of specific frequencies, causing the electromagnetic waves of these frequencies to be unable to propagate normally, thereby forming a notch in the passband. The second resonant unit 50 and the first resonant unit 40 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the microstrip feed line 30. The symmetrical arrangement can ensure that the electromagnetic field distribution on both sides of the antenna is more uniform, avoid electromagnetic field distortion caused by structural asymmetry, thereby affecting the radiation performance and impedance matching of the antenna, and can reduce the mutual coupling between the antenna units 100, avoid mutual interference, and improve the overall performance of the antenna. The ground plate 60 is arranged on the dielectric plate 10, and is arranged opposite to the radiator 20, and one end of the ground plate 60 is perpendicular to the dielectric plate 10. The ground plate 60 serves as a reflective surface of the antenna unit 100, and can reflect the electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiator 20 to its back side back to the front side, thereby enhancing the radiation intensity and directivity of the antenna unit 100100. In the present application, the ground plate 60 is arranged opposite to the radiator 20 to form an effective reflective cavity. Through the above arrangement, the antenna unit 100 has high selectivity, and the first resonant unit 40 and the second resonant unit 50 are arranged to reflect some electromagnetic waves of specific frequencies, resulting in the electromagnetic waves of these frequencies not being able to propagate normally, thereby forming a notch in the passband, thereby effectively suppressing interference signals of specific frequencies and improving the performance of the wireless communication system.

[0028] In the embodiment of the present application, the radiator 20 and the ground plate 60 are symmetrically arranged about the perpendicular bisector of the dielectric plate 10, reducing the imbalance of the antenna unit 100, thereby improving the performance stability of the antenna and reducing frequency offset and phase distortion.

[0029] See also Figure 2The slot unit 301 includes a first slot branch 311, a second slot branch 312 and a third slot branch 313, and the first slot branch 311 and the second slot branch 312 are bent and connected. Furthermore, one end of the third slot branch 313 is connected to the first slot branch 311, and the other end of the third slot branch 313 is connected to the second slot branch 312, and the first slot branch 311 and the second slot branch 312 are arranged in parallel. Through the above arrangement, a specific transmission zero point can be introduced into the antenna unit 100. The frequency corresponding to the transmission zero point is near the upper passband edge. The transmission zero point can suppress the signal transmission near the upper passband edge, thereby improving the selectivity of the antenna unit 100 at the passband edge and avoiding interference with adjacent frequency bands. Through the above arrangement, the performance of the planar broadband notch antenna can be precisely controlled, so that it has the characteristics of in-band notch and high selectivity out of band, effectively suppresses in-band interference and efficiently utilizes spectrum resources, and is suitable for modern wireless communication terminals.

[0030] Please continue reading Figure 2 The first resonance unit 40 includes a first resonance branch 401 and a second resonance branch 402, and the first resonance branch 401 is vertically connected to the second resonance branch 402. The second resonance unit 50 includes a third resonance branch 501 and a fourth resonance branch 502, and the third resonance branch 501 is vertically connected to the fourth resonance branch 502. The first resonance unit 40 and the second resonance unit 50 are both "L"-shaped resonance units. In this embodiment of the present application, the notch frequency is mainly determined by the size parameters of the first resonance unit 40 and the second resonance unit 50. By adjusting the horizontal and vertical lengths of the first resonant unit 40 and the second resonant unit 50, the position of the notch frequency can be changed. The widths of the first resonant unit 40 and the second resonant unit 50 will affect the isolation at the notch. Appropriate adjustment of the widths of the first resonant unit 40 and the second resonant unit 50 can improve the isolation at the notch frequency and further suppress in-band interference. By introducing the first resonant unit 40 and the second resonant unit 50 into the antenna unit 100 and optimizing their size parameters, in-band notching can be achieved, effectively suppressing in-band interference of specific frequencies and improving antenna performance.

[0031] Please continue reading Figure 2The radiator 20 includes a rectangular radiating patch 202, a first semi-elliptical radiating patch 203, and a second semi-elliptical radiating patch 304. The first semi-elliptical radiating patch 203 and the second semi-elliptical radiating patch 304 are respectively arranged on either side of the rectangular radiating patch 202. The rectangular slot 201 is provided in the rectangular radiating patch 202. The rectangular slot 201 changes the effective area of ​​the radiator 20, thereby reducing its resonant frequency. By adjusting the size of the rectangular slot 201, the resonant frequency of the antenna unit 100 can be precisely controlled, thereby improving the out-of-band selectivity of the antenna.

[0032] To help understand the solution in this application, this application also provides an embodiment. In this embodiment, the dielectric constant of the dielectric plate 10 is 3.38, the dielectric loss is 0.0022, and the thickness is 0.4mm; the radiator 20 is copper-plated and has a thickness of 0.035mm. The front and back of the design example layout are as follows: Figure 3 and 4 As shown. Among them, L A is the length of the dielectric plate 10, W A is the width of the dielectric plate 10 or the width of the ground plate 60, L G is the length of the ground plate 60, L P W is the length of the rectangular radiation patch 202 constituting the radiator or the major axis length of the first semi-elliptical radiation patch 203 or the second semi-elliptical radiation patch 204 constituting the radiator, P is the width of the rectangular radiation patch 202 that constitutes the radiator, L T L is the semi-minor axis length of the first semi-elliptical radiation patch 203 or the second semi-elliptical radiation patch 204 constituting the radiator, W is the length of the slot on the radiator 20, L1 is the length of the first resonant branch, L2 is the length of the second resonant branch, W1 is the branch width of the second resonant branch, S is the distance between the first resonant branch and the microstrip feeder, L SV is the length of the first gap branch or the second gap branch, L SH is the length of the third gap branch, W S is the width of the gap unit, L F is the length of the microstrip feed line, W F is the width of the microstrip feeder. The in-band notch is achieved by adding the first resonant branch to introduce a transmission zero. The frequency corresponding to the transmission zero, i.e., the in-band notch center frequency, is related to the size parameter of the first resonant branch as follows: Among them, ε r is the dielectric constant of the medium, and c is the speed of light in a vacuum.

[0033] The high selectivity of the upper passband edge is achieved by introducing a transmission zero by adding a slot element. The relationship between the frequency corresponding to the transmission zero and the size parameter of the slot element is:

[0034] In order to more concretely illustrate the design structure proposed by the invention, the present invention also provides a design example, the optimization parameters of the design example are: L A =11mm,W A =11.0mm,L G =3.75mm,,L P =6.5mm,W P =4.5mm,L T =1.3mm,L W =2.0mm, L1=2.05mm, L2=1.05mm, W1=0.1mm, S=0.1mm, L SV =3.2mm,L SH =0.4mm,W S =0.1mm,L F =4.0mm,W F =0.84mm. After the parameters are optimized, the standing wave of the broadband planar antenna is as follows: Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the impedance bandwidth with a standing wave ratio less than 2 ranges from 9.2 to 30.4 GHz, with a center frequency of 19.8 GHz, an absolute bandwidth of 21.2 GHz, and a relative bandwidth of 107.1%, exhibiting broadband characteristics. Within the passband, there are four transmission poles located at 12.0 GHz, 19.8 GHz, 23.2 GHz, and 27.6 GHz, respectively, ensuring maximum gain and flatness of radiation efficiency within the passband. There is also a transmission zero forming a notch at 16 GHz within the passband, effectively suppressing in-band notches. There is also a transmission zero near the upper passband edge at 33 GHz, which improves antenna selectivity and, in turn, increases spectrum resource utilization.

[0035] Figure 6 The simulation results of the antenna's maximum gain and radiation efficiency are given. Figure 6It can be seen that within the passband, its average maximum gain is 4.23dBi, showing the advantage of high maximum gain; within the passband, its average radiation efficiency is 96.9%, showing the advantage of high radiation efficiency; at the center frequency of the notch, its maximum gain is only -8.88dBi, and the radiation efficiency is 25.42%. Compared with the average maximum gain and average radiation efficiency within the passband, it can be seen that it has high isolation at the center frequency of the notch; at 6GHz, its maximum gain is only -4.22dBi, and the radiation efficiency is 22.98%, compared with the maximum gain of 2.44dBi and the radiation efficiency of 92.1% at 9.2GHz, it can be seen that it has high selectivity at the lower passband edge; at 33GHz, its maximum gain is only -2.65dBi, and the radiation efficiency is 21.72%, compared with the maximum gain of 4.04dBi and the radiation efficiency of 92.5% at 30.4GHz, it can be seen that it has high selectivity at the upper passband edge.

[0036] From the above analysis, it can be seen that the antenna not only has high gain and high radiation efficiency within the passband, but also has high isolation at the notch center frequency and high selectivity at the upper and lower passband edges.

[0037] The embodiment of the present application provides an antenna unit 100, the antenna unit 100 includes a dielectric plate 1010, a radiator 20, a microstrip feeder 30, a first resonant unit 40, a second resonant unit 50 and a ground plate 60, the radiator 20 is arranged on the dielectric plate 1010, the radiator 20 is provided with a slot 201, one end of the microstrip feeder 30 is perpendicular to one side of the dielectric plate 1010, the other end of the microstrip feeder 30 is connected to the radiator 20, and the microstrip feeder 30 is provided with a slot unit 301, the slot unit 301 includes a first slot branch 311 and a second slot branch 312, the first slot branch 311 and the second slot branch 312 are bent and connected; the second resonant unit 50 and the first resonant unit 40 are connected to the ground plate 60, The resonance unit 40 is symmetrically arranged about the microstrip feed line 30, the ground plate 60 is arranged on the dielectric plate 1010, the ground plate 60 is arranged opposite to the radiator 20, and one end of the ground plate 60 is perpendicular to the dielectric plate 1010. By setting the gap unit 301, the current distribution on the radiator 20 is changed, so that the current is more evenly distributed on the antenna, thereby improving the impedance matching performance of the antenna, making the antenna unit 100 highly selective, and setting the first resonance unit 40 and the second resonance unit 50 to reflect some electromagnetic waves of specific frequencies, resulting in the electromagnetic waves of these frequencies cannot propagate normally, thereby forming a notch in the passband, thereby effectively suppressing interference signals of specific frequencies and improving the performance of the wireless communication system.

[0038] The present application further provides an embodiment of a communication device, which includes the above-mentioned antenna unit 100. The specific structure and function of the antenna unit 100 can be found in the above-mentioned embodiment and will not be described in detail here.

[0039] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present application and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna unit, characterized in that: include: dielectric board; a radiator, disposed on the dielectric plate, wherein the radiator is provided with a slot; A microstrip feeder, one end of the microstrip feeder being perpendicular to one side of the dielectric plate, the other end of the microstrip feeder being connected to the radiator, and the microstrip feeder being provided with a slot unit, the slot unit comprising a first slot branch and a second slot branch, the first slot branch and the second slot branch being connected in a bent manner; a first resonant unit; a second resonance unit, wherein the second resonance unit and the first resonance unit are symmetrically arranged with respect to the microstrip feed line; A ground plate is arranged on the dielectric plate, the ground plate is arranged opposite to the radiator, and one end of the ground plate is perpendicular to the dielectric plate.

2. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The slit unit further includes a third slit branch, one end of the third slit branch is connected to the first slit branch, the other end of the third slit branch is connected to the second slit branch, and the first slit branch and the second slit branch are arranged in parallel.

3. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The first resonance unit includes a first resonance branch and a second resonance branch, and the first resonance branch is vertically connected to the second resonance branch.

4. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The first resonance unit is an "L"-shaped resonance unit.

5. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The second resonance unit includes a third resonance branch and a fourth resonance branch, and the third resonance branch is vertically connected to the fourth resonance branch.

6. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The second resonance unit is an "L"-shaped resonance unit.

7. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The radiator includes a rectangular radiation patch, a first semi-elliptical radiation patch and a second semi-elliptical radiation patch, the first semi-elliptical radiation patch and the second semi-elliptical radiation patch are respectively arranged on both sides of the rectangular radiation patch, and the slot is arranged on the rectangular radiation patch.

8. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The slot is a rectangular slot.

9. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The radiator and the ground plate are symmetrically arranged about the perpendicular midline of the dielectric plate.

10. A communication device, characterized in that: The antenna unit comprises the antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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