Thermoelectric cooling battery pack, battery pack and automobile

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of batteries, and provides a thermoelectric cooling battery pack, a battery pack and an automobile, the battery pack comprises a heat conduction layer, a thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly, a battery module and a liquid cooling plate, and the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly, the heat conduction layer and the liquid cooling plate are sequentially arranged on the surface of the battery module from inside to outside. According to the utility model, the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assemblies are arranged on the two surfaces of the battery module, so that heat generated by the battery module exchanges heat with the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assemblies during working, the battery cell can be cooled to be below the ambient temperature, the thermal performance of the battery cell is effectively improved, and the service life of the battery cell is prolonged. Meanwhile, under the low-temperature condition, reverse current can be introduced through the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly, the battery cell can be heated through the hot end, the temperature of the battery cell can be higher than the environment temperature, the cooling effect of the scheme is between liquid cooling and natural cooling, and the cooling capacity of a traditional natural cooling battery pack is improved with a small amount of cost.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to battery technical field, especially relate to the battery pack, battery group and car of thermoelectric cooling. BACKGROUND

[0002] The current market low cost vehicle mainly adopts natural cooling heat dissipation mode, and the heat dissipation efficiency of natural cooling is low, and the battery temperature is fast for complex working condition, big ratio charge-discharge working condition, and does not have the effect of active cooling, cannot effectively control the battery pack temperature actively, leads to the battery pack to appear high temperature problem in summer easily, also limits the maximum charge-discharge capacity of battery pack. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0003] In view of the problems in the background art, the utility model provides the battery pack, battery group and car of thermoelectric cooling.

[0004] In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0005] A kind of battery pack of thermoelectric cooling, including heat conducting layer, thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration component, battery module and liquid cooling plate:

[0006] The battery module surface is sequentially provided with the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration component, heat conducting layer and liquid cooling plate from inside to outside.

[0007] Preferably, the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration component is provided with two, and is respectively arranged on the opposite surface of the battery module;

[0008] The heat conducting layer is provided with two;

[0009] Any one of the heat conducting layer is installed the liquid cooling plate away from the surface of the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration component.

[0010] Preferably, it further includes box cover and box body;

[0011] The heat conducting layer, thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration component, battery module and liquid cooling plate are all installed in the box body;

[0012] The liquid cooling plate is located at the bottom of the box body;

[0013] The box cover is installed at the opening of the box body, for closing the box body;

[0014] The heat conducting layer away from the liquid cooling plate is in contact with the inner surface of the box cover.

[0015] Preferably, the battery management system is further installed in the box body, and the battery management system is located on the surface of the liquid cooling plate and on one side of the battery module;

[0016] The battery management system is electrically connected with the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly and the battery module respectively.

[0017] Preferably, the thermal conductivity of the thermal conductive layer is greater than or equal to 2 W / m*K.

[0018] Preferably, the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly comprises a cold end and a hot end, the cold end is in contact with the thermal conductive layer, and the hot end is in contact with the surface of the battery module.

[0019] The P-type semiconductor and the N-type semiconductor are connected between the cold end and the hot end.

[0020] The hot end is connected with a power supply.

[0021] Preferably, the battery module comprises a cell, an end plate and a pole piece.

[0022] The cell is rectangular, and the upper surface and the lower surface are respectively provided with corresponding thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assemblies and are in contact with the hot end.

[0023] The end plate is installed on one circumferential surface of the cell.

[0024] The pole piece is installed on the other circumferential surface of the cell.

[0025] Preferably, in the battery module, a plurality of cells are arranged in series and / or in parallel.

[0026] A battery pack, a plurality of the above-mentioned thermoelectrically cooled battery modules are arranged in series and / or in parallel.

[0027] A car is provided with the above-mentioned thermoelectrically cooled battery module.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0029] The utility model discloses a thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly is arranged on the two surfaces of the battery module, and when working, the heat generated by the battery module exchanges with the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly, can cool the cell to below ambient temperature, effectively improves the thermal performance of the cell, and under the condition of low temperature, the reverse current can be passed through the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly to heat the cell at the hot end, so that the cell temperature is higher than ambient temperature, and the cooling effect of the scheme is between liquid cooling and natural cooling, with a small cost, the cooling capacity of the traditional natural cooling battery module is improved.

[0030] Other features and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in the subsequent description, and partially become obvious from the description, or be understood by implementing the utility model. The purpose and other advantages of the utility model can be realized and obtained by the structure indicated in the description and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0032] Figure 1 An explosion schematic diagram of the battery pack cooled by thermoelectricity is shown;

[0033] Figure 2 An assembly schematic diagram of the battery pack cooled by thermoelectricity is shown;

[0034] Figure 3 A circuit diagram of the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly is shown;

[0035] Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of the battery module is shown.

[0036] In the figure: 1, box cover; 2, heat conduction layer; 3, thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly; 31, cold end; 32, hot end; 4, battery module; 41, battery cell; 42, end plate; 43, pole piece; 5, battery management system; 6, liquid cooling plate; 7, box body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the following will combine the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0038] A battery pack structure cooled by thermoelectricity, comprising a heat conduction layer 2, a thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly 3, a battery module 4 and a liquid cooling plate 6. The surface of the battery module 4 is sequentially provided from inside to outside with the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly 3, the heat conduction layer 2 and the liquid cooling plate 6. The thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly 3 is provided with a plurality of assemblies, at least one of which is installed on the first surface of the battery module 4, and at least one of which is installed on the second surface of the battery module 4. The first surface and the second surface are opposite surfaces of the battery module 4. The heat conduction layer 2 is provided with a plurality of layers, each of which is installed on the surface of the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly 3 away from the battery module 4. At least one surface of the heat conduction layer 2 away from the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly 3 is provided with the liquid cooling plate 6.

[0039] It should be noted that in the above battery pack structure, the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly 3 has a high-temperature surface and a low-temperature surface, the surface of the low-temperature surface is coated with a thermal interface material, that is, the thermal conductive layer 2, the thermal conductivity is greater than or equal to 2 W / m·K, the high-temperature surface is in convection heat exchange with the outside through the heat dissipation assembly, and the cold end 31 is in contact with the upper surface of the battery cell 41, so as to cool the battery cell 41, and the battery cell 41 can be cooled to below the ambient temperature, thereby effectively improving the thermal performance of the battery cell 41. At the same time, in a low-temperature environment, the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly 3 can be used to pass a reverse current to heat the battery cell 41 through the hot end 32, so that the temperature of the battery cell 41 is higher than the ambient temperature. The cooling effect of this scheme is between liquid cooling and natural cooling, and the cost is low. The cooling capacity of the traditional natural cooling battery pack is improved, and in a low-temperature environment, the heating film and PTC heating components can be omitted to realize the heating function, that is, the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly 3 can realize both cooling and heating of the battery pack.

[0040] In addition, the cooling effect of the utility model is weaker than that of liquid cooling, but they are all electrically connected, which improves the reliability and avoids many problems caused by leakage of the cooling liquid.

[0041] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 , the thermal conductive layer 2 (the number is 2), the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly 3 (the number is 2), the battery module 4 and the liquid cooling plate 6 are all installed in the box body 7 and are stacked, wherein the liquid cooling plate 6 is located at the bottom of the box body 7, and the first thermal conductive layer 2, the first thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly 3, the battery module 4, the second thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly 3 and the second thermal conductive layer 2 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. The box body 7 is matched with the box cover 1 to seal the box body 7, and the inner surface of the box cover 1 is in contact with the thermal conductive layer 2. In addition, the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly 3 is provided with two and is installed on the surface and the lower surface of the battery module 4. The thermal conductive layer 2 is provided with two and is installed on the surface of the two thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assemblies 3, and the thermal conductive layer 2 far away from the surface of the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly 3 is installed with the liquid cooling plate 6 at the bottom.

[0042] It should be noted that in the Figure 1 structure, the upper surface of the battery module 4 and the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly 3, the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly 3 and the thermal interface material (the thermal conductive layer 2, the thermal conductivity is greater than or equal to 2 W / m·K), and the thermal interface material and the box cover 1 are all in contact. The thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly 3 can transfer the heat generated by the battery module 4 to the thermal interface material, the thermal interface material transfers the heat to the box cover 1, and then the heat is transferred to the outside air through the box cover 1.

[0043] Further, in combination with Figure 2It can be seen that the battery management system 5 (BMS, Battery Management System) is also installed in the box 7, and is located on the surface of the liquid cooling plate 6 and on one side of the battery module 4; the battery management system 5 is electrically connected with the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly 3 and the battery module 4 respectively.

[0044] It should be noted that the battery management system 5 is connected with the upper and lower thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assemblies 3 through electrical connection. When the temperature of the battery module 4 is too high, the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly 3 starts to work and transfers heat from the surface of the battery module 4 to the heat conduction layer 2. The heat conduction layer 2 further transfers the heat to the liquid cooling plate 6, which is located at the bottom of the box 7 and can effectively dissipate heat. At the same time, the inner surface of the box cover 1 is in contact with the heat conduction layer 2, which helps to further dissipate heat. The battery management system 5 is located on the surface of the liquid cooling plate 6 and on one side of the battery module 4, which can monitor the temperature of the battery module 4 in real time, and maintain the temperature of the battery module within a suitable range by controlling the working of the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly 3, to ensure the safety and performance of the battery.

[0045] It should be further noted that in some optional embodiments, the battery management system 5 is integrated in the box 7, which can adapt the battery pack to different temperature environments.

[0046] Further, as shown in Figure 3 The thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly 3 includes a cold end 31 and a hot end 32, the cold end 31 is in contact with the heat conduction layer 2, and the hot end 32 is in contact with the surface of the battery module 4; P-type semiconductors and N-type semiconductors are connected between the cold end 31 and the hot end 32; the hot end 32 is connected with a power supply.

[0047] It should be noted that in some optional embodiments, the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly 3 can be provided with multiple groups of PN semiconductors. Specific embodiments are as follows: in the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly 3, two or more groups of P-type semiconductors and N-type semiconductors can be provided. These semiconductors can be connected in series or in parallel to adjust the refrigeration effect as needed. For example, multiple P-type semiconductors and N-type semiconductors can be arranged alternately to form a thermoelectric stack. The cold end 31 can be connected to one end of the thermoelectric stack, and the hot end 32 can be connected to the other end of the thermoelectric stack. When the power supply is turned on, current will flow through these semiconductors to produce a refrigeration effect. By providing multiple groups of PN semiconductors, the refrigeration efficiency and performance of the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly 3 can be further improved.

[0048] Further, as shown in Figure 4As shown, the battery module 4 includes the battery cell 41, the end plate 42 and the pole piece 43. The battery cell 41 is rectangular, and the upper surface and the lower surface are respectively provided with the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration assembly 3, and are in contact with the hot end 32. The end plate 42 is arranged on one circumferential surface of the battery cell 41, and the pole piece 43 is arranged on another circumferential surface of the battery cell 41. The two circumferential surfaces can be adjacent surfaces.

[0049] It should be noted that in some optional embodiments, in the battery module 4, the plurality of battery cells 41 are arranged in series and / or in parallel.

[0050] When arranged in series, the plurality of battery cells 41 are connected in a certain order to form a battery unit. When arranged in series, the voltages of the battery cells 41 are superimposed, and the current remains unchanged. For example, if the voltage of each battery cell 41 is 3.7V, after four battery cells 41 are connected in series, the voltage of the battery unit will reach 14.8V.

[0051] When arranged in parallel, the plurality of battery cells 41 are connected side by side to form a battery unit. When arranged in parallel, the currents of the battery cells 41 are superimposed, and the voltage remains unchanged. For example, if the voltage of each battery cell 41 is 3.7V, after four battery cells 41 are connected in parallel, the voltage of the battery unit is still 3.7V, but the total current will increase.

[0052] When arranged in series and parallel, the series and parallel of the battery cells 41 are combined according to actual needs. For example, two battery cells 41 are connected in series to form a 7.4V battery unit, and then two such battery units are connected in parallel to finally obtain a 14.8V battery unit with increased total current.

[0053] In some optional embodiments, a plurality of thermoelectrically cooled battery pack structures are arranged in series and / or in parallel to form a battery pack. Figures 1-4 In some optional embodiments, a plurality of thermoelectrically cooled battery pack structures are arranged in series and / or in parallel to form a battery pack.

[0054] Figures 1-4 In some optional embodiments, a plurality of thermoelectrically cooled battery pack structures are arranged in series and / or in parallel to form a battery pack.

[0055] Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some technical features can be replaced equivalently, and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model.​

Claims

1. A thermoelectrically cooled battery pack, characterized in that: It comprises a heat-conducting layer (2), a thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration component (3), a battery module (4) and a liquid cooling plate (6): The surface of the battery module (4) is provided with the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration component (3), the heat conducting layer (2) and the liquid cooling plate (6) in sequence from the inside to the outside.

2. A thermoelectrically cooled battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration components (3) are provided, and are respectively arranged on opposite surfaces of the battery module (4); There are two heat-conducting layers (2); The liquid cooling plate (6) is mounted on a surface of any one of the heat-conducting layers (2) away from the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration component (3).

3. A thermoelectrically cooled battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a box cover (1) and a box body (7); The heat-conducting layer (2), the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration component (3), the battery module (4) and the liquid cooling plate (6) are all installed in a box (7); The liquid cooling plate (6) is located at the bottom of the box (7); The box cover (1) is installed at the opening of the box body (7) and is used to close the box body (7); The heat conducting layer (2) away from the liquid cooling plate (6) contacts the inner surface of the box cover (1).

4. The thermoelectrically cooled battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that: A battery management system (5) is also installed in the box (7), and the battery management system (5) is located on the surface of the liquid cooling plate (6) and on one side of the battery module (4); The battery management system (5) is electrically connected to the thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration component (3) and the battery module (4) respectively.

5. The thermoelectrically cooled battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting layer (2) is ≥2W / m·K.

6. A thermoelectrically cooled battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration component (3) comprises a cold end (31) and a hot end (32), wherein the cold end (31) contacts the heat-conducting layer (2), and the hot end (32) contacts the surface of the battery module (4); A P-type semiconductor and an N-type semiconductor are connected between the cold end (31) and the hot end (32); The hot end (32) is connected to a power source.

7. The thermoelectrically cooled battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that: The battery module (4) includes a battery core (41), an end plate (42) and a pole piece (43); The battery core (41) is rectangular, and corresponding thermoelectric semiconductor refrigeration components (3) are respectively installed on the upper surface and the lower surface, and both are in contact with the hot end (32); The end plate (42) is mounted on a circumferential surface of the battery core (41); The pole piece (43) is mounted on another circumferential surface of the battery core (41).

8. The thermoelectrically cooled battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the battery module (4), a plurality of the battery cells (41) are arranged in series and / or in parallel.

9. A battery pack, characterized in that: Several thermoelectrically cooled battery packs according to any one of claims 1 to 8 are connected in series and / or in parallel.

10. An automobile, characterized in that: A battery pack equipped with the thermoelectric cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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