Microwave reactor

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of industrial reactors, in particular to a microwave reactor. The microwave reactor comprises a reactor section and a reservoir section, the reactor section is formed by connecting a plurality of reaction pipelines, a sealing gasket is arranged between every two adjacent reaction pipelines, and the section of each sealing gasket is in an I shape; the reaction pipeline comprises a microwave reaction pipeline, and a microwave generator is arranged on the microwave reaction pipeline; the storage device section comprises at least one storage tank body, the storage tank body is communicated with the reactor section, and the storage tank body is provided with a backflow pipe used for conveying reaction materials in the storage tank body to the reactor section again. According to the utility model, through the combination of the reactor section and the storage device section, the adaptability to diversified reaction materials is improved, the total length of a reaction pipeline is shortened in a circulating manner, and the maneuverability of spatial layout is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of industrial reactors, in particular to a microwave reactor. Background Art

[0002] A microwave tubular reactor is a type of reactor composed of multiple sections of piping connected in series or parallel. It is generally used industrially for reactions between gaseous and liquid phases, or between liquid and liquid phases. Prior art applications primarily focus on reactions involving stable materials. For example, Chinese patent document CN110155941A discloses a microwave-heated hydrogen production device based on a thermochemical cycle. This device utilizes a microwave generator to heat the reactants within the reactor. Because the reactants are stable, the fixed-length microwave tubular reactor can, based on experiments and calculations, fully heat the reactants for the reaction.

[0003] However, microwave tubular reactors of the same working length often cannot adapt to different reaction materials or situations where the properties of the same material fluctuate significantly. For example, Chinese patent document CN108165767A discloses a method for leaching spodumene using a combined microwave and pressure field. This method uses microwave irradiation to transform the crystal form of spodumene to produce β-spodumene. However, the grade (Li2O content) of different lithium concentrates varies significantly. Therefore, the microwave irradiation intensity and duration required to achieve the same conversion effect vary for lithium concentrates from different regions or even different batches. Under these circumstances, the crystal conversion effect of different spodumenes using a microwave tubular reactor of the same working length can fluctuate significantly. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a microwave reactor so that the same set of microwave tubular reactors can adapt to different reaction materials, or the same set of microwave tubular reactors can adapt to reaction materials with certain fluctuations in material properties.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the utility model is as follows:

[0006] Microwave reactor, including

[0007] The reactor section has a reactor inlet end and a reactor outlet end, and is formed by connecting a plurality of reaction pipes. Sealing gaskets are provided between adjacent reaction pipes. The reaction pipes include microwave reaction pipes, and a microwave generator is provided on the microwave reaction pipes.

[0008] The storage section includes at least one storage tank body, which is connected to the reactor outlet of the reactor section. The storage tank body is provided with a reflux pipe for transporting the reaction material in the storage tank body back to the reactor section.

[0009] The inventive concept of the present application is that: in view of the fact that a set of microwave tube reactors in the prior art is only applicable to one kind of reactant, the present application adds a storage tank section after the reactor section, so that once the property of the reactant fluctuates greatly and the length of the existing reaction pipeline is not enough for the full reaction of the material, the reactant is collected and detected after passing through the existing fixed-length pipeline, and according to the detection result, it is judged whether secondary reflux reaction is needed. It is found through inspection that if the reaction is not complete and needs to be recycled twice, the batch of material is recycled twice to overcome the defect of insufficient length of the reaction pipeline. Secondly, since the storage tank also plays a role in mixing and homogenizing, the properties of the material before the second circulation reaction are relatively uniform, which is conducive to maintaining the uniform and stable treatment effect of the material after the second reaction.

[0010] As an alternative technical solution, the reactor section of the microwave reactor can also be in a kettle type structure, having a reactor inlet end and a reactor outlet end, and externally provided with a microwave generator.

[0011] As an improvement, the number of storage tanks is 1-3, and each storage tank is arranged in parallel. The parallel arrangement of the storage tanks can correspond to one storage tank for one batch of material.

[0012] As a further improvement, the cross section of the sealing gasket is in the shape of an I-beam, wherein the bottom of the I-beam is attached to the inner wall of the intersection of adjacent reaction pipelines and protrudes outward in an arc shape, and the top of the I-beam is buckled to the top of the adjacent reaction pipeline. Due to installation defects or heating, etc., misalignment between adjacent reaction pipelines is inevitable, and when the reaction material contains particulate matter, deposition is likely to occur at the misalignment. The sealing gasket has one side protruding outward in an arc shape, which can compensate for the misalignment between adjacent reaction pipelines and guide the material to move forward, thereby reducing the probability of deposition.

[0013] As an improvement, the reaction pipeline includes a back-mixing pipeline, the backflow pipe extends from the storage tank to the reactor inlet end of the reactor section and / or the inside of the several back-mixing pipelines. The backflow pipe re-delivers the reaction material in the storage tank to the reactor section and flushes the inner wall of the reaction pipeline, reducing the probability of material deposition.

[0014] As an improvement, the reaction pipeline is a ceramic pipeline, and the two ends of the reaction pipeline are provided with connecting members for fixed connection; a microwave reaction cavity is wrapped on the microwave reaction pipeline, and a microwave generator is fixed to the microwave reaction cavity, and the connecting members are located on both sides of the microwave reaction cavity. The ceramic pipeline is wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and wave-transparent, and is a good microwave reaction place for solid-containing materials. Since the ceramic pipeline has the characteristics of being brittle, a connecting member needs to be additionally provided when two ceramic pipelines are connected.

[0015] As a further improvement, the microwave reaction tube is externally coated with a wave-transparent heat-insulating layer, and the microwave reaction cavity is located outside the wave-transparent heat-insulating layer. On the one hand, since the ceramic tube has the characteristic of being brittle, the wave-transparent heat-insulating layer can reduce the probability of collision damage to the ceramic tube during installation; secondly, when the material is heated to heat up the ceramic tube, the heat transfer outward can be reduced, the reaction temperature can be maintained, the heat radiation to the microwave generator can be reduced, and the stable operation of the microwave generator is facilitated.

[0016] As a further improvement, the connecting member comprises a flange and a support ring, both of which are provided in a two-piece manner and form a complete flange and support ring after being combined. The two-piece arrangement of the flange and the support ring facilitates the installation and maintenance of the reaction tube.

[0017] As an improvement, the connecting member is a flange, and each end of the microwave reaction cavity is provided with a fixing ring for connecting the connecting member.

[0018] As an improvement, the microwave reaction cavity has a regular polyhedral structure, and at least one group of microwave generators is arranged along the length direction of the microwave reaction cavity.

[0019] As a further improvement, the microwave reaction cavity has a regular hexahedral structure, and two groups of microwave generators are arranged along the length direction of the microwave reaction cavity, and each group of microwave generators is arranged with one microwave generator separated by one face. This horizontal and vertical staggered distribution mode arranges two groups of microwave generators, i.e. six microwave generators, in one reaction tube. It has been verified that this arrangement mode has high heating efficiency.

[0020] As a further improvement, the reactor section is arranged horizontally or vertically in an external box.

[0021] Based on the same inventive concept, another technical solution of the microwave reactor is that the reactor section can be replaced by a kettle structure, and the microwave generator is arranged outside the kettle structure.

[0022] As an improvement, a stirring mechanism is arranged in the reactor section. Since the action distance of the microwave generator is limited, the stirring mechanism is not only beneficial to the uniformity of the material, but also can promote the material to move to the inner wall of the kettle structure, so that the material is fully acted on by the microwave.

[0023] In summary, the combination of the reactor section and the storage section improves the adaptability to diverse reaction materials, and is also beneficial to shortening the total length of the reaction tube through the circulation mode and improving the mobility of the space layout. Secondly, the ceramic tube with wear resistance and corrosion resistance is used as the direct reaction site, so that it can adapt to reaction materials with high solid content and / or corrosion resistance. Thirdly, the arrangement form of the microwave generator makes the efficiency of converting microwave energy into heat energy higher, which is beneficial to effectively heating the reaction material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structure schematic view of the embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structure schematic view of the sealing gasket in the embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a structure schematic view of the embodiment 2 of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 It is the enlarged view of A portion in Figure 3

[0028] Figure 5 It is the connection relation schematic view of adjacent reaction pipeline 10 in the embodiment 2 of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 6 It is the sectional view of Figure 5

[0030] Figure 7 It is a structure schematic view of the sealing gasket in the embodiment 2 of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 8 It is the explosion drawing of microwave reaction pipeline in the embodiment 2 of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 9 It is a structure schematic view of microwave reaction pipeline in the embodiment 3 of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 10 It is the sectional view of Figure 9

[0034] Figure 11 It is the explosion drawing of microwave reaction cavity and connecting member in the embodiment 3 of the utility model;

[0035] Figure 12 It is a structure schematic view of reactor section in the embodiment 4;

[0036] Figure 13 It is a structure schematic view of the embodiment 5 of the utility model;

[0037] Figure 14 It is the arrangement mode and result of first simulation verification of the utility model;

[0038] Figure 15 It is the arrangement mode and result of second simulation verification of the utility model;

[0039] Figure 16 It is the arrangement mode and result of third simulation verification of the utility model.

[0040] ​​​In the figure: 10, reaction pipeline; 101, reactor inlet end; 102, reactor outlet end; 11, microwave reaction pipeline; 12, back mixing pipeline; 13, outer turning part; 14, support; 15, stirring mechanism; 16, manhole; 20, sealing gasket; 30, microwave generator; 31, cooling water pipe; 40, storage tank body; 50, backflow pipe; 60, valve; 61, flange; 62, support ring; 70, microwave reaction cavity; 71, fixing ring; 80, wave-penetrating heat preservation layer; 90, external box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The utility model will be further explained below in combination with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used for illustrating the utility model and are not used for limiting the scope of the utility model. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the utility model, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the utility model, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the present application. Embodiment 1

[0042] The microwave reactor described in the present application comprises two major components of reactor section and storage section.

[0043] As shown in Figure 1 , the reactor section has a reactor inlet end 101 and a reactor outlet end 102, and the whole is connected by a plurality of reaction pipelines 10, and sealing gaskets 20 are arranged between adjacent reaction pipelines 10. The structure of the sealing gasket 20 is shown in Figure 2 , which is annular and has a circle of through holes for the screw rod to pass through. The reaction pipelines 10 are all microwave reaction pipelines 11, and a plurality of microwave generators 30 are arranged on the microwave reaction pipelines 11.

[0044] The storage section comprises two storage tank bodies 40 arranged in parallel, each of which is communicated with the reactor outlet end 102 of the reactor section, and the storage tank body 40 is provided with a backflow pipe 50 for re-transporting the reaction materials in the storage tank body 40 to the reactor section, and the backflow pipe 50 is connected with the reactor inlet end 101. The storage tank body 40 is provided with a stirring device for mixing the materials uniformly.

[0045] Valves 60 are arranged on the connecting pipeline between the reactor outlet end 102 and the storage tank body 40 and the backflow pipe 50, and the valves 60 are well known and will not be described in detail. Embodiment 2

[0046] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that:

[0047] 1. As shown in Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the reaction tube 10 includes a microwave reaction tube 11 and a back-mixing tube 12, both of which are ceramic tubes. Two microwave reaction tubes 11 are equipped with one back-mixing tube 12. Each microwave reaction tube 11 is equipped with a microwave reaction cavity 70 and several microwave generators 30. The microwave reaction cavity 70 is pentagonal, with one microwave generator 30 on each side. The microwave generators 30 are equipped with cooling water pipes 31. The arrangement of the cooling water pipes 31 is conventional and will not be described in detail.

[0048] 2. The reflux pipe 50 is led out from the storage tank 40 and extends to the reactor inlet end 101 of the reactor section and the interior of all back-mixing pipes 12.

[0049] 3. If Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 As shown, sealing gaskets 20 are installed between adjacent microwave reaction tubes 11 and between the microwave reaction tubes 11 and the back-mixing tube 12. The cross-section of the sealing gasket 20 is I-shaped, wherein the bottom of the I-shape is attached to the inner wall of the intersection of adjacent reaction tubes 10 and protrudes outward in an arc shape, the top of the I-shape is buckled on the top of the adjacent reaction tube 10, and one vertical part of the I-shape is sandwiched between the end faces of the adjacent reaction tubes 10.

[0050] 4. If Figure 8 As shown, the connecting member is located on both sides of the microwave reaction chamber 70. The connecting member comprises an integrally formed flange 61 and a support ring 62. Both flange 61 and support ring 62 are constructed in two halves, an upper half and a lower half, which, when combined, form the complete connecting member. A bracket 14 is also provided below the support ring 62 for securing the microwave reaction tube 11 to the ground or other structure.

[0051] 5. If Figure 8 As shown, the end of the microwave reaction tube 11 is provided with an outward-turned portion 13, which is used to provide lateral support for the connecting member. A fixing ring 71 for connecting to the connecting member is provided on each side of the microwave reaction chamber 70. The fixing ring 71 is arranged along the axial direction of the microwave reaction tube 11. The inner diameter of the fixing ring 71 is larger than the outer diameter of the outward-turned portion 13, so that the microwave reaction chamber 70 can be inserted from the end of the microwave reaction tube 11. After being inserted into place, one side of the support ring 62 can be inserted into the gap between the fixing ring 71 and the microwave reaction tube 11 to achieve temporary fixation of the connecting member and the end of the microwave reaction chamber 70. The other side of the support ring 62 is a flange 61, which abuts against the outward-turned portion 31. Example 3

[0052] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that:

[0053] 1. If Figure 9As shown, the microwave reaction chamber 70 is a regular hexahedron, and two groups of microwave generators 30 are arranged along the length of the microwave reaction chamber 70. Each group of microwave generators 30 is arranged in a manner such that one microwave generator 30 is arranged every other face. Within each group of microwave generators 30, adjacent microwave generators 30 are arranged perpendicular to each other.

[0054] 2. If Figure 10 As shown, the microwave reaction pipe 11 is coated with a wave-transmitting heat-insulating layer 80, and the microwave reaction cavity 70 is located outside the wave-transmitting heat-insulating layer 80. The wave-transmitting heat-insulating layer 80 can be made of alumina with a thickness of 5-20 mm.

[0055] 3. If Figure 11 As shown, the microwave reaction chamber 70 and the connecting member are both arranged in two halves. The microwave reaction chamber 70 is divided into an upper and lower halves, and the connecting member is divided into a left and right halves. When combined, they form the complete microwave reaction chamber 70 and connecting member. The connecting member is a flange 61. A fixing ring 71 is provided at each end of the microwave reaction chamber 70 for connection to the flange 61. Both the flange 61 and the fixing ring 71 have screw holes of the same number and diameter. The fixing ring 71 is perpendicular to the central axis of the microwave reaction tube 11. When connecting adjacent microwave reaction tubes 11, the flanges 61 and fixing rings 71 at both ends are secured together with bolts. Example 4

[0056] like Figure 12 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that:

[0057] 1. All reactor sections are installed in a vertically arranged external box 90;

[0058] 2. The microwave reaction pipe 11 is composed of four reaction pipes and arranged vertically along the outer box 90. Each reaction pipe is connected by a connecting pipe. Inspection ports 16 are also opened at both ends of the connecting pipe to facilitate clearing of material blockage. Figure 12 One side shows the flow path of the material in the reactor section. Figure 12 The storage tank 40 and the connecting pipelines between the storage tank 40 and the reactor section are not shown. Example 5

[0059] like Figure 13As shown, the reactor section of the embodiment is in a kettle structure, which constitutes a circulating system with one storage tank 40. The kettle structure has two reactor inlet ends 101 and one reactor outlet end 102, the storage tank 40 is communicated with the reactor outlet end 102, and a valve 60 is arranged on the pipeline between the storage tank 40 and the reactor outlet end 102. A conveying pump is arranged in the storage tank 40 and communicated with the reflux pipe 50, for conveying the reaction material in the storage tank 40 back to the kettle structure through the reflux pipe 50. A stirring mechanism 15 is also arranged in the kettle structure. The microwave generator 30 is arranged outside the kettle structure. Example 6

[0060] Example 6 mainly illustrates the innovation of the arrangement form of the microwave generator 30 in Example 3.

[0061] Firstly, the form of the microwave generator 30 is defined. As shown in the figure, Figure 9 the long side of the microwave generator 30 is parallel to the end face of the reaction pipeline 10, which is E type, and the long side of the microwave generator 30 is perpendicular to the end face of the reaction pipeline 10, which is H type.

[0062] Simulation is carried out by COMSOL Multiphysics 6.1, and the simulation is carried out under the conditions of total port power 6kw, port frequency 2.45GHz, microwave heating time 1800s and initial temperature 20℃. The central plane is the z=0 plane.

[0063] 1. Comparison between E type and H type mixed arrangement and pure E type arrangement

[0064] As shown in the figure, Figure 14 all the microwave generators 30 are arranged in the central plane, the left side adopts the E type and H type alternating arrangement mode, and the right side adopts the pure E type arrangement. It can be seen that: when the E type and H type are alternately arranged, the highest temperature is 20.8℃, and the average temperature is 20.2℃; when the pure E type is arranged, the highest temperature is 20.5℃, and the average temperature is 20.3℃. By comparing the simulation results, it can be seen that when the E type and H type are alternately arranged, the material is heated faster and the heating efficiency is higher; when the E type port is arranged, the average temperature of the material is higher and the temperature uniformity is better.

[0065] 2. Comparison between pure E type non-layered arrangement and pure E type layered arrangement

[0066] As shown in the figure, Figure 15As shown, the upper and lower layers of the ports are located on the planes of z = 90.5 mm and z = -70 mm respectively. When the pure E-type is arranged without layering, the highest temperature is 20.5°C and the average temperature is 20.5°C; when the pure E-type is arranged with layering, the highest temperature is 22.8°C and the average temperature is 21.6°C. Comparing the simulation results, it can be seen that the temperature rise rate is significantly improved after layering the upper and lower ports, the average temperature is also higher, and the temperature uniformity is better.

[0067] 3. Mixed layering arrangement of E-type and H-type

[0068] As shown, Figure 16 the upper and lower layers of the ports are located on the planes of z = 90.5 mm and z = -70 mm respectively. The upper layer is E-type and the lower layer is H-type. The simulation obtains a highest temperature of 26.967°C and an average temperature of 21.953°C. The results are better than those of the pure E-type layering arrangement.

[0069] The microwave generator 30 in Example 3 is arranged in this mixed layering arrangement of E-type and H-type.

Claims

1. A microwave reactor characterized by: The reactor section has a reactor inlet end (101) and a reactor outlet end (102), and is integrally connected by a plurality of reaction pipes (10), and a sealing gasket (20) is arranged between adjacent reaction pipes (10), and the reaction pipe (10) comprises a microwave reaction pipe (11), and a microwave generator (30) is arranged on the microwave reaction pipe (11). The storage section comprises at least one storage tank (40), the storage tank (40) is communicated with the reactor outlet end (102) of the reactor section, and the storage tank (40) is provided with a backflow pipe (50) for retransporting the reaction materials in the storage tank (40) to the reactor section. The number of the storage tanks (40) is 1-3, and each storage tank (40) is arranged in parallel.

2. The microwave reactor of claim 1, wherein: The cross section of the sealing gasket (20) is in the shape of an I-beam, wherein the bottom of the I-beam is attached to the inner wall of the joint of adjacent reaction pipes (10) and protrudes outward in an arc shape, and the top of the I-beam is buckled to the top of the adjacent reaction pipes (10).

3. The microwave reactor of claim 1, wherein: The reaction pipe (10) comprises a backmixing pipe (12), and the backflow pipe (50) extends from the storage tank (40) to the inside of the reactor inlet end of the reactor section and / or a plurality of backmixing pipes (12).

4. The microwave reactor of claim 1, wherein: The reaction pipe (10) is a ceramic pipe, and both ends of the reaction pipe (10) are provided with connecting members for connection and fixation; the microwave reaction pipe (11) is wrapped with a microwave reaction cavity (70), the microwave generator (30) is fixed to the microwave reaction cavity (70), and the connecting members are located on both sides of the microwave reaction cavity (70).

5. The microwave reactor of claim 1, wherein: The outer surface of the microwave reaction pipe (11) is coated with a wave-transparent heat-insulating layer (80), and the microwave reaction cavity (70) is located outside the wave-transparent heat-insulating layer (80).

6. The microwave reactor of claim 5, wherein: The connecting member comprises a flange (61) and a support ring (62), and both the flange (61) and the support ring (62) are arranged in a two-half mode and form a complete flange (61) and a complete support ring (62) after being combined.

7. The microwave reactor of claim 5, wherein: The connecting member is a flange (61), and each end of the microwave reaction cavity (70) is provided with a fixing ring (71) for connecting the connecting member.

8. The microwave reactor of claim 5 or 6, wherein: The microwave reaction cavity (70) has a regular polyhedral structure, and at least one group of microwave generators (30) are arranged along the length direction of the microwave reaction cavity (70).

9. The microwave reactor of claim 5, wherein: The microwave reaction cavity (70) has a regular hexahedral structure, and two groups of microwave generators (30) are arranged along the length direction of the microwave reaction cavity (70), and each group of microwave generators (30) is arranged with one microwave generator (30) separated by one face.

10. The microwave reactor of claim 9, wherein: The reactor section is arranged horizontally or vertically in an external box (90).

11. The microwave reactor of claim 1, wherein: The reactor section has a reactor inlet end (101) and a reactor outlet end (102), and is integrally connected by a plurality of reaction pipes (10), and a sealing gasket (20) is arranged between adjacent reaction pipes (10), and the reaction pipe (10) comprises a microwave reaction pipe (11), and a microwave generator (30) is arranged on the microwave reaction pipe (11).

12. A microwave reactor characterized by: The storage section comprises at least one storage tank (40), the storage tank (40) is communicated with the reactor outlet end (102) of the reactor section, and the storage tank (40) is provided with a backflow pipe (50) for retransporting the reaction materials in the storage tank (40) to the reactor section. The reactor section is provided with a stirring mechanism (15). ​ 13. The microwave reactor of claim 12, wherein: ​

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