Liquid cooling device and high-capacity battery

Abstract

The utility model provides a liquid cooling device and a high-capacity battery, and mainly solves the problem that the existing high-capacity battery has potential safety hazards. The liquid cooling device comprises a liquid cooling plate and a plurality of heat conduction pieces, the liquid cooling plate is provided with a liquid cooling channel through which a heat transfer medium passes and a flue gas pretreatment channel through which thermal runaway flue gas passes; the liquid cooling channel and the flue gas pretreatment channel are isolated from each other; meanwhile, the liquid cooling plate is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet which are communicated with the liquid cooling channel, and a flue gas outlet and at least one flue gas inlet which are communicated with the flue gas pretreatment channel. When the high-capacity battery works normally, the liquid cooling plate controls the temperature control of the high-capacity battery, and when the high-capacity battery is subjected to thermal runaway, the flue gas pretreatment channel treats the thermal runaway flue gas discharged by the high-capacity battery, so that the possibility of potential safety hazards after the thermal runaway flue gas is discharged is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the battery field, concretely relates to a liquid cooling device and large capacity battery. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, a plurality of single batteries is connected in parallel or series to make it become a large capacity battery (also called battery module or battery pack). However, the single batteries in the above large capacity battery have differences, which greatly limits the capacity upper limit and cycle times of the whole large capacity battery.

[0003] The above large capacity battery has the characteristics of high space utilization, high integration and high energy density. However, since the single batteries in the large capacity battery are highly concentrated, a large amount of heat will be generated in the charging and discharging process, and the heat will gradually increase. If the generated heat is not released in time, the heat will accumulate, causing uneven temperature of the large capacity battery, thereby reducing the service life of the large capacity battery. In severe cases, the thermal balance of the large capacity battery is destroyed, and the large capacity battery is out of control, which exists safety hazards.

[0004] When the large capacity battery is out of control, the internal temperature of the battery is as high as 500-1000 DEG C. The gas generated in the process of thermal runaway increases the internal pressure of the battery, and finally sprays and releases the electrolyte and reaction gas vaporized in the battery, forming thermal runaway flue gas with pressure. The thermal runaway flue gas not only includes carbon dioxide, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane and other gases, but also includes vaporized electrolyte and high-temperature molten plastic parts and other impurities.

[0005] When the above thermal runaway flue gas is discharged and treated, the electrolyte and impurities in the thermal runaway flue gas will affect the subsequent smoke collection pipe and smoke treatment device, causing safety hazards. In addition, the above thermal runaway flue gas has a very high temperature after being discharged from the large capacity battery, which will cause damage to the external pipeline, joint and other structural parts, thereby increasing the danger of the thermal runaway flue gas and existing safety hazards. SUMMARY

[0006] The utility model provides a liquid cooling device and large capacity battery, mainly solves the problem that the existing large capacity battery exists safety hazards.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the technical scheme provided by the utility model is:

[0008] The application discloses a liquid cooling device, which comprises a liquid cooling plate and a plurality of heat conductive members; the liquid cooling plate is provided with a liquid cooling channel through which a heat transfer medium passes and a smoke pretreatment channel through which thermal runaway smoke passes; the liquid cooling channel and the smoke pretreatment channel are isolated from each other; meanwhile, the liquid cooling plate is provided with a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, a smoke outlet and at least one smoke inlet which are communicated with the liquid cooling channel and the smoke pretreatment channel respectively; the liquid cooling plate is provided with two groups of through holes which are arranged in sequence along an x direction and penetrate the liquid cooling channel in a z direction; the plurality of heat conductive members are embedded into the through holes one by one, and each heat conductive member is provided with a heat conductive hole through which a polarity terminal of a large-capacity battery passes; and the liquid cooling plate is insulated from the polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery.

[0009] Further, the liquid cooling plate is provided with two baffles which are arranged along a y direction, the two baffles extend along the x direction, and the liquid cooling plate is divided into two liquid cooling channels and one smoke pretreatment channel by the two baffles, and the smoke pretreatment channel is located between the two liquid cooling channels.

[0010] Further, the liquid cooling plate is provided with a U-shaped baffle, a cavity between the U-shaped baffle and a side wall of the liquid cooling plate is a U-shaped liquid cooling channel, and an inner cavity of the U-shaped baffle is a smoke pretreatment channel; the smoke inlet is connected with a smoke pipeline, and the smoke pipeline is connected with the smoke pretreatment channel by penetrating the liquid cooling channel.

[0011] Further, the liquid inlet, the liquid outlet and the smoke outlet are located on the same side wall of the liquid cooling plate, meanwhile, a liquid cooling channel communicated with the liquid inlet exchanges heat with a positive polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery, and a liquid cooling channel communicated with the liquid outlet exchanges heat with a negative polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery.

[0012] Further, the liquid cooling plate comprises a top plate and a U-shaped shell, the top plate is arranged at an open end of the U-shaped shell, and the bottom plate of the U-shaped shell is provided with a plurality of smoke inlets which are arranged in sequence along the x direction and are all communicated with the smoke pretreatment channel.

[0013] Further, the bottom of the liquid cooling plate is provided with an avoiding groove which avoids a gas sharing cavity of the large-capacity battery, the top end and the bottom end of the heat conductive member are respectively provided with circumferentially protruding annular folded edges, after the heat conductive member penetrates the through hole of the liquid cooling plate, the annular folded edge of the top end of the heat conductive member is sealingly connected with the top plate of the liquid cooling plate, and the annular folded edge of the bottom end of the heat conductive member is sealingly connected with the bottom plate of the liquid cooling plate.

[0014] The utility model discloses still provide a kind of large capacity battery, including shell, multiple single batteries and above-mentioned liquid cooling device;Multiple single batteries are arranged in shell along x direction;Shared chamber is equipped in the shell, and the inner cavity of shared chamber and the inner cavity of all single batteries are communicated;The polarity terminal of each single battery is set with the avoiding hole of shell top plate corresponding;Each single battery polarity terminal projects avoiding hole, and the area of shell top plate corresponding to the avoiding hole is fixedly sealed with single battery shell;The liquid cooling plate is set on the top plate of shell, and each single battery polarity terminal projects avoiding hole, and passes through the heat conduction hole of heat conducting piece;The flue gas inlet of liquid cooling plate is used to be connected with the explosion venting mechanism on shell, and the thermal runaway flue gas when any single battery in shell thermal runaway opens explosion venting mechanism, and thermal runaway flue gas enters the flue gas pretreatment channel of liquid cooling plate through flue gas inlet, and thermal runaway flue gas is pretreated in flue gas pretreatment channel, and is discharged through flue gas outlet.

[0015] Further, the shared chamber includes an electrolyte shared chamber and a gas shared chamber; the electrolyte shared chamber is in communication with electrolyte zones of the single batteries; the gas shared chamber is in communication with gas zones of the single batteries, or the gas shared chamber is a gas passage between the top plate of the shell and the single batteries, the gas passage covers the explosion venting portions of the single batteries, when the explosion venting portion of any single battery is opened by the inner cavity thermal runaway flue gas, the gas zone of the single battery and the gas passage are in communication; the explosion venting mechanism includes a pressure relief pipe and a pressure relief portion, one end of the pressure relief pipe is in communication with at least one of the electrolyte shared chamber and the gas shared chamber, the other end is connected with the flue gas inlet of the liquid cooling plate, and the pressure relief portion is arranged in the explosion venting opening of the shell or on the pressure relief pipe.

[0016] Further, the top plate of the shell is paved with an insulating sealing adhesive layer, the liquid cooling plate is located in the insulating sealing adhesive layer, and the liquid inlet, the liquid outlet of the liquid cooling passage, the flue gas inlet and the flue gas outlet of the flue gas pretreatment channel extend out of the insulating sealing adhesive layer.

[0017] The utility model discloses still provide a kind of large capacity battery, including multiple sequentially arranged single batteries and above-mentioned liquid cooling device;The liquid cooling plate is set on the top of each single battery, and each single battery polarity terminal passes through the heat conduction hole of heat conducting piece;Each single battery is equipped with the explosion venting branch pipe covering the explosion venting portion of single battery, the liquid cooling plate has multiple flue gas inlets, and the explosion venting branch pipe of each single battery is connected with the flue gas inlet on the liquid cooling plate one-to-one, the thermal runaway flue gas when any single battery thermal runaway opens explosion venting portion, and thermal runaway flue gas enters the flue gas pretreatment channel of liquid cooling plate through explosion venting branch pipe, and thermal runaway flue gas is pretreated in flue gas pretreatment channel, and is discharged through flue gas outlet.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the utility model technical scheme has the advantages that:

[0019] 1.The liquid cooling device comprises a liquid cooling plate and a plurality of heat-conducting pieces, and the liquid cooling plate has independent liquid cooling channels and flue gas pretreatment channels; the liquid cooling channels contain heat transfer medium; the liquid cooling device is installed on the top of the large-capacity battery, the bottom of the liquid cooling plate exchanges heat with the top plate of the large-capacity battery shell, and the heat-conducting pieces of the liquid cooling plate exchange heat with the polarity terminals of the large-capacity battery; this heat exchange mode effectively controls the temperature of different positions of the large-capacity battery, avoids performance and safety problems caused by excessively high or low temperature of the large-capacity battery, and improves the performance and safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0020] When the large-capacity battery is in thermal runaway, the thermal runaway flue gas is transported into the flue gas pretreatment channel in the liquid cooling plate, the flue gas pretreatment channel buffers the thermal runaway flue gas, and the thermal runaway flue gas is smoothly discharged at a relatively stable flow rate. When the thermal runaway flue gas is buffered in the flue gas pretreatment channel, the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling channel can be used to cool the gas in the flue gas pretreatment channel, the high-temperature thermal runaway flue gas is cooled in the flue gas pretreatment channel, thereby removing the high-temperature property of the thermal runaway flue gas, avoiding damage to subsequent pipelines, joints and other related devices caused by the thermal runaway flue gas, reducing the risk of thermal runaway, and improving the safety of the large-capacity battery. At the same time, when the thermal runaway flue gas flows in the flue gas pretreatment channel, the vaporized electrolyte in the thermal runaway flue gas is liquefied, and the high-temperature molten impurities are cooled to solid impurities. The flue gas pretreatment channel can collect the cooled electrolyte and solid impurities, so that the thermal runaway flue gas discharged from the liquid cooling plate will not cause blockage of the subsequent pipeline, improving the safety of the large-capacity battery during use, and facilitating the subsequent transportation and treatment of the thermal runaway flue gas.

[0021] 2.In the liquid cooling device, the liquid cooling plate is provided with a U-shaped partition plate, so that the liquid cooling channels are U-shaped liquid cooling channels, and the flue gas pretreatment channels are located between the U-shaped liquid cooling channels, so that when the thermal runaway flue gas passes through the flue gas pretreatment channels, the thermal runaway flue gas has a large enough heat exchange area with the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling channels, thereby improving the cooling effect of the liquid cooling plate on the thermal runaway flue gas.

[0022] 3. In the liquid cooling device, the liquid inlet, the liquid outlet and the flue gas outlet of the liquid cooling plate are located on the same side of the liquid cooling plate, which facilitates the assembly of the large capacity battery, is easy to connect with the external pipeline, and improves the pipeline connectability and the compactness of the pipeline arrangement. At the same time, the liquid cooling channel on the liquid cooling plate in communication with the liquid inlet exchanges heat with the positive polarity terminal of the large capacity battery, and the liquid cooling channel in communication with the liquid outlet exchanges heat with the negative polarity terminal of the large capacity battery. When the large capacity battery is working, the temperature of the positive polarity terminal is higher than that of the negative polarity terminal. This setting makes the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling plate first exchange heat with the positive polarity terminal with higher temperature, and then exchange heat with the negative polarity terminal, so that the temperature of the positive polarity terminal and the negative polarity terminal is relatively balanced, thereby improving the reliability of the large capacity battery during working.

[0023] 4. In the liquid cooling device, the inner cavity of the liquid cooling plate is divided into two liquid cooling channels and a flue gas pretreatment channel by two partitions, and the flue gas pretreatment channel is located between the two liquid cooling channels. The liquid cooling plate with this structure is easy to manufacture and process.

[0024] 5. In the liquid cooling device, the bottom of the liquid cooling plate is also provided with an avoidance groove for avoiding the large capacity battery gas sharing chamber. The avoidance groove makes the liquid cooling plate cover the large capacity battery gas sharing chamber. When the large capacity battery is working normally, the liquid cooling plate not only processes the heat at the top plate and polarity terminal of the large capacity battery, but also exchanges heat with the large capacity battery gas sharing chamber, thereby improving the heat exchange effect.

[0025] 6. The utility model also provides a large capacity battery, which installs the above-mentioned liquid cooling device on the top of the large capacity battery. When the large capacity battery is working normally, the liquid cooling plate controls the temperature control of the large capacity battery. When the large capacity battery is in thermal runaway, the flue gas pretreatment channel processes the thermal runaway flue gas discharged by the large capacity battery, thereby reducing the possibility of safety hazards caused by the discharge of thermal runaway flue gas.

[0026] 7. In the large capacity battery, the sharing chamber includes an electrolyte sharing chamber and a gas sharing chamber. The electrolyte sharing chamber and the electrolyte area in the inner cavity of each single battery in the shell are connected, so that the electrolyte of each single battery is shared to ensure the consistency of each single battery, thereby improving the cycle life of the large capacity battery to a certain extent. The gas sharing chamber and the gas area in the inner cavity of each single battery in the shell are connected, so that the gas of each single battery is balanced, the consistency between each single battery is improved to a certain extent, and the cycle life of the large capacity battery is improved to a certain extent.

[0027] 8.The large-capacity battery of the utility model, the top plate of the shell is paved with an insulating sealing adhesive layer, when condensation is generated on the surface of the liquid cooling plate, the condensation cannot penetrate into the gap between the polarity terminal and the avoidance hole under the block of the insulating sealing adhesive layer, thereby preventing the short circuit of the large-capacity battery from occurring, and thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0028] Other advantages, objects and features of the utility model will be partly embodied through the following description, and will be partly understood by the person skilled in the art through the research and practice of the utility model. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or the prior art description, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and for the person skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the prior large-capacity battery;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the liquid cooling plate (provided with two baffle plates) in embodiment 1;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a sectional view of the liquid cooling plate (provided with two baffle plates) in embodiment 1;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the liquid cooling plate (provided with a U-shaped baffle plate) in embodiment 1;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a sectional view of the liquid cooling plate (provided with a U-shaped baffle plate) in embodiment 1;

[0035] Figure 6 It is an explosion view of the liquid cooling plate in embodiment 1;

[0036] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the liquid cooling plate in embodiment 1;

[0037] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the liquid cooling plate (provided with an avoidance groove) in embodiment 1;

[0038] Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the large-capacity battery in embodiment 2;

[0039] Figure 10 It is an installation schematic diagram of the liquid cooling plate and the large-capacity battery in embodiment 2;

[0040] Figure 11This is an exploded view of the large-capacity battery and liquid cooling device in Example 2;

[0041] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the connection between the liquid cooling device and the explosion relief mechanism of the large-capacity battery in Example 2 Figure 1 ;

[0042] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the connection between the liquid cooling device and the explosion relief mechanism of the large-capacity battery in Example 2 Figure 2 ;

[0043] Figure 14 This is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Example 3;

[0044] Figure 15 This is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery in Example 4;

[0045] Figure 16 This is an exploded view of the large-capacity battery in Example 4;

[0046] Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid cooling device (top plate omitted) in Example 4;

[0047] Figure 18 Schematic diagram of the coordination between the explosion venting branch pipe of the single cell and the smoke inlet of the liquid cooling plate in Example 5.

[0048] Figure numerals: 1-large-capacity battery, 2-liquid cooling device, 11-housing, 12-single battery, 13-polarity terminal, 14-explosion relief mechanism, 15-explosion relief branch pipe, 111-electrolyte shared chamber, 112-gas shared chamber, 131-positive polarity terminal, 132-negative polarity terminal, 141-pressure relief pipe, 142-pressure relief part, 21-liquid cooling plate, 22-heat conducting member, 23-avoidance groove, 24-through hole, 25-U-shaped partition, 26-flue gas pipeline, 211-liquid cooling channel, 212-liquid inlet, 213-liquid outlet, 214-flue gas pretreatment channel, 215-flue gas inlet, 216-flue gas outlet, 217-U-shaped shell, 218-top plate, 221-heat conducting hole, 222-annular folding edge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] To make the above-mentioned purposes, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, but the present application can be practiced according to other embodiments that are not specifically described herein, and the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein. It is understood that the present application can be practiced with modification and alteration, and that the present application is not limited to the above described embodiments.

[0051] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the positions or location relationships indicated by the terms "top, bottom" and the like in the description are based on the positions or location relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first, second, etc." are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0052] As shown in the description of the present application, Figure 1 In order to improve the capacity limit and cycle number of the large capacity battery 1, a plurality of single batteries 12 are arranged in the same direction in the shell 11, and the shell 11 is provided with an avoiding hole on the top plate to allow the polarity terminal 13 of each single battery 12 to extend out. At the same time, the shell 11 is provided with a shared chamber, and the inner cavity of each single battery 12 is in communication with the shared chamber of the shell 11, which can include a gas shared chamber 112 arranged at the top of the shell 11 and an electrolyte shared chamber 111 arranged at the bottom of the shell 11. The shared chamber reduces the difference between each single battery 12, to a certain extent, improves the consistency between each single battery 12, and to a certain extent, improves the cycle life of the large capacity battery 1. The shell 11 is usually a rectangular shell, and for the convenience of description, the length direction of the shell 11 is defined as the x direction, the width direction of the shell 11 is defined as the y direction, and the height direction of the shell 11 is defined as the z direction.

[0053] In order to improve the reliability of the above-mentioned large capacity battery during operation, the present application provides a liquid cooling device, which comprises a liquid cooling plate and a plurality of heat conducting members arranged on the liquid cooling plate, the liquid cooling plate has a liquid cooling channel through which a heat transfer medium passes and a flue gas pretreatment channel through which thermal runaway flue gas passes, and the liquid cooling channel and the flue gas pretreatment channel are isolated from each other.

[0054] When the large capacity battery is working normally, the liquid cooling device is arranged on the top of the large capacity battery and is sleeved on the polarity terminal of the large capacity battery. The liquid cooling device not only can exchange heat with the top plate of the shell of the large capacity battery, but also can exchange heat with the polarity terminal of the large capacity battery. The liquid cooling device effectively exchanges heat with multiple regions of the large capacity battery, so that the temperature at different positions of the entire large capacity battery is effectively controlled, and the performance problems and safety problems caused by the temperature being too high or too low of the large capacity battery are avoided, and the performance and reliability of the large capacity battery are improved.

[0055] When the thermal runaway occurs in the large capacity battery, the thermal runaway flue gas is transported into the flue gas pretreatment channel in the liquid cooling plate, and the flue gas pretreatment channel buffers the thermal runaway flue gas, so that the thermal runaway flue gas is discharged at a relatively stable flow rate. When the thermal runaway flue gas is buffered in the flue gas pretreatment channel, the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling channel can be used to cool the gas in the flue gas pretreatment channel. The high-temperature thermal runaway flue gas is cooled in the flue gas pretreatment channel, thereby removing the high-temperature property of the thermal runaway flue gas and avoiding damage to subsequent pipelines, joints and other related devices after the thermal runaway flue gas is discharged, thereby improving the safety of the large capacity battery 1. At the same time, when the thermal runaway flue gas is cooled in the flue gas pretreatment channel, the vaporized electrolyte in the thermal runaway flue gas is liquefied after being cooled, and the high-temperature molten impurities are cooled to solid impurities. At this time, the flue gas pretreatment channel collects the electrolyte and solid impurities carried in the thermal runaway flue gas. After the thermal runaway flue gas is pretreated in the flue gas pretreatment channel, the discharged thermal runaway flue gas is completely gaseous, which is convenient for subsequent transportation and processing.

[0056] Embodiment 1

[0057] The embodiment provides a liquid cooling device which is installed on the top of the large capacity battery, exchanges heat with the shell and the polarity terminal of the large capacity battery at the same time, so that the large capacity battery works in a suitable temperature range. At the same time, the liquid cooling device also processes the thermal runaway flue gas discharged after the thermal runaway of the large capacity battery, so as to reduce the safety hidden danger generated after the thermal runaway of the large capacity battery.

[0058] As shown in Figures 2 to 5 The liquid cooling device 2 in the embodiment includes a liquid cooling plate 21 and a plurality of heat conduction pieces 22. The liquid cooling plate 21 is provided with a liquid cooling channel 211 through which a heat transfer medium flows and a flue gas pretreatment channel 214 through which a thermal runaway flue gas flows. The flue gas pretreatment channel 214 and the liquid cooling channel 211 are independent of each other, that is, the heat transfer medium and the thermal runaway flue gas enter and exit the liquid cooling plate 21 through the respective channels. The heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling channel 211 exchanges heat with the shell 11 and the polarity terminal 13 of the large capacity battery, thereby realizing temperature control of the large capacity battery 1. The flue gas pretreatment channel 214 processes the thermal runaway flue gas discharged by the large capacity battery 1.

[0059] The liquid cooling plate 21 is provided with an inlet 212 and an outlet 213 which are in communication with the liquid cooling channel 211. The heat transfer medium enters the liquid cooling channel 211 through the inlet 212, exchanges heat with the large-capacity battery 1, and then flows out through the outlet 213. When the temperature of the large-capacity battery 1 is higher than the set threshold, the heat transfer medium with a lower temperature is introduced into the liquid cooling channel 211 of the liquid cooling plate 21 to exchange heat with the large-capacity battery 1 and cool the large-capacity battery 1. When the temperature of the large-capacity battery 1 is lower than the set threshold, the heat transfer medium with a higher temperature is introduced into the liquid cooling plate 21 to heat the large-capacity battery 1. By controlling the temperature of the heat transfer medium, the large-capacity battery 1 can always operate at a normal working temperature.

[0060] Meanwhile, the liquid cooling plate 21 is also provided with a flue gas inlet 215 and a flue gas outlet 216 which are in communication with the flue gas pretreatment channel 214. The flue gas inlet 215 is at least one, which is selected according to the corresponding large-capacity battery. When any single battery 12 in the large-capacity battery 1 is in thermal runaway, the thermal runaway flue gas enters the flue gas pretreatment channel 214 of the liquid cooling plate 21 through the flue gas inlet 215. The thermal runaway flue gas is buffered and cooled in the flue gas pretreatment channel 214 and then discharged through the flue gas outlet 216. The flue gas pretreatment channel 214 not only buffers the thermal runaway flue gas to make it smoothly discharged at a relatively stable flow rate, but also collects the electrolyte and impurities carried by the thermal runaway flue gas, so that the thermal runaway flue gas discharged from the flue gas pretreatment channel 214 is gaseous, which is convenient for subsequent transportation and treatment.

[0061] The liquid cooling plate 21 in the embodiment is a rectangular plate with a length consistent with the length of the shell 11 of the large-capacity battery 1. The liquid cooling plate 21 can form the above-mentioned flue gas pretreatment channel 214 and liquid cooling channel 211 by using the following structure:

[0062] First, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the liquid cooling plate 21 is provided with two partitions extending along the x direction. The two partitions are arranged along the y direction to divide the inner cavity of the liquid cooling plate 21 into two liquid cooling channels 211 and one flue gas pretreatment channel 214. The flue gas pretreatment channel 214 is located between the two liquid cooling channels 211, i.e., the liquid cooling channel 211, the flue gas pretreatment channel 214, and the liquid cooling channel 211 are arranged in sequence in the y direction.

[0063] The liquid cooling plate 21 has two liquid inlet ports 212 and two liquid outlet ports 213. If the liquid inlet ports 212 and the liquid outlet ports 213 of the two liquid cooling channels 211 are connected with external pipelines respectively, the two liquid cooling channels 211 are connected in parallel. If the liquid inlet ports 212 and the liquid outlet ports 213 of the two liquid cooling channels 211 are connected by a connecting pipe, after the connection, the liquid inlet port 212 of one of the liquid cooling channels 211 is connected with an external pipeline, and the liquid outlet port 213 of the other liquid cooling channel 211 is connected with an external pipeline, the two liquid cooling channels 211 are connected in series.

[0064] Second, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 The liquid cooling plate 21 is provided with a U-shaped partition plate 25. The cavity between the U-shaped partition plate 25 and the side wall of the liquid cooling plate 21 is a U-shaped liquid cooling channel 211. The inner cavity of the U-shaped partition plate 25 is a flue gas pretreatment channel 214. A flue gas pipeline 26 is connected to the flue gas inlet 215. The flue gas pipeline 26 passes through the liquid cooling channel 211 and is connected with the flue gas pretreatment channel 214.

[0065] In the specific manufacturing process, the U-shaped partition plate 25 includes a first partition plate, a second partition plate and a third partition plate. The first partition plate and the second partition plate extend along the x direction, and the third partition plate extends along the y direction. The first partition plate and the side plate of the liquid cooling plate 21 form a first liquid cooling channel. The second partition plate and the side plate of the liquid cooling plate 21 form a second liquid cooling channel. The third partition plate and the end plate of the liquid cooling plate 21 form a third liquid cooling channel. The side plate of the liquid cooling plate 21 is parallel to the xz plane, and the end plate of the liquid cooling plate 21 is parallel to the yz plane. The first liquid cooling channel, the second liquid cooling channel and the third liquid cooling channel are connected to form a U-shaped liquid cooling channel 211. The cavity in the U-shaped partition plate 25 is a flue gas pretreatment channel 214. Meanwhile, a flue gas pipeline 26 is connected to the flue gas inlet 215. The flue gas pipeline 26 passes through the second liquid cooling channel and is connected with the flue gas pretreatment channel 214.

[0066] In the manufacturing process of the liquid cooling plate 21, the liquid inlet port 212 and the liquid outlet port 213 are preferably arranged on the same side wall of the liquid cooling plate 21. More preferably, the liquid inlet port 212, the liquid outlet port 213 and the flue gas outlet 216 are arranged on the same side wall of the liquid cooling plate 21. This arrangement allows the external pipeline connected with the large-capacity battery 1 to be located on the same side of the large-capacity battery 1, which facilitates the connection between the large-capacity battery 1 and the external pipeline when the large-capacity battery 1 is assembled into an energy storage device, improves the pipeline connectability and the compactness of the pipeline arrangement, and saves the installation space of the pipeline.

[0067] In addition, as shown in Figure 10As shown, when the large-capacity battery 1 is working, the temperature of the positive terminal 131 is higher than that of the negative terminal 132. At this time, the liquid cooling channel 211 connected with the liquid inlet 212 exchanges heat with the positive terminal 131 of the large-capacity battery 1, and the liquid cooling channel 211 connected with the liquid outlet 213 exchanges heat with the positive terminal 131 of the large-capacity battery 1. When the liquid cooling plate 21 exchanges heat with the large-capacity battery 1, the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling plate 21 first exchanges heat with the positive terminal 131 with a higher temperature, and then exchanges heat with the negative terminal 132, so that the temperatures of the positive terminal 131 and the negative terminal 132 are relatively balanced, thereby improving the reliability of the large-capacity battery 1 when working.

[0068] As shown in Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 , in this embodiment, the length and width dimensions of the liquid cooling plate 21 are consistent with those of the top plate of the large-capacity battery 1. The liquid cooling plate 21 is provided with two groups of through holes 24 arranged in the x direction in sequence and penetrating the liquid cooling channel 211 in the z direction. The through hole 24 here means that the through hole penetrates the top plate and the bottom plate of the liquid cooling plate 21. The number of through holes 24 is twice the number of single batteries 12, and the distance between the two groups of through holes 24 matches the distance between the positive terminal 131 and the negative terminal 132 of the large-capacity battery 1. Correspondingly, two groups of heat conduction pieces 22 are respectively arranged in the two groups of through holes 24. The heat conduction piece 22 is embedded into the through hole 24 one by one, and the heat conduction piece 22 seals the through hole 24, so that the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling channel 211 cannot flow out through the through hole 24.

[0069] As shown in Figure 6 , the liquid cooling plate 21 of the liquid cooling device 2 is provided with two groups of heat conduction pieces 22 arranged in the x direction in sequence. One group of heat conduction pieces 22 exchanges heat with the positive terminal 131 of the large-capacity battery 1, and the other group of heat conduction pieces 22 exchanges heat with the negative terminal 132 of the large-capacity battery 1, so that through the one liquid cooling plate 21, heat exchange can be achieved with the top of the shell of the large-capacity battery 1, and heat exchange can also be achieved with the positive terminal 131 and the negative terminal 132 of the large-capacity battery 1. At the same time, the heat conduction pieces 22 on the liquid cooling plate 21 can also provide a certain flow effect when the heat transfer medium passes through the liquid cooling channel 211, so that the heat transfer medium can fully exchange heat with the positive terminal 131 and the top of the shell of the large-capacity battery 1, thereby improving the temperature control effect of the liquid cooling plate 21.

[0070] The heat-conducting member 22 in this embodiment is a column structure, and its cross-sectional shape is the same as that of the through hole 24. Meanwhile, the length of the heat-conducting member 22 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the liquid cooling plate 21. If the length of the heat-conducting member 22 (i.e., the length of the heat-conducting member 22 in the z direction) is greater than the thickness of the liquid cooling plate 21, the bottom end of the heat-conducting member 22 needs to be in the same plane as the bottom plate of the liquid cooling plate 21, so that the bottom plate of the liquid cooling plate 21 can contact the top plate of the outer shell 11 of the large-capacity battery 1 to exchange heat. If the bottom end of the heat-conducting member 22 protrudes from the bottom plate of the liquid cooling plate 21, there will be a gap between the bottom plate of the liquid cooling plate 21 and the top plate of the outer shell 11 of the large-capacity battery 1, which will affect the heat exchange effect between the liquid cooling plate 21 and the top plate of the outer shell 11 of the large-capacity battery 1. Preferably, the length of the heat-conducting member 22 is the same as the thickness of the liquid cooling plate 21. In this case, the top end of the heat-conducting member 22 is in the same plane as the top plate of the liquid cooling plate 21, and the bottom end of the heat-conducting member 22 is in the same plane as the bottom plate of the liquid cooling plate 21, which facilitates the installation of the liquid cooling plate 21.

[0071] As shown in Figure 4 Each heat-conducting member 22 is provided with a heat-conducting hole 221 through which the polar terminal 13 of the large-capacity battery 1 passes. The radial dimension of the heat-conducting hole 221 is equal to or slightly greater than the cross-sectional dimension of the polar terminal 13 of the large-capacity battery 1, so that the polar terminal 13 can pass through the heat-conducting hole 221. After the heat-conducting hole 221 is formed in the heat-conducting member 22, the heat-conducting member 22 is a hollow thin-walled structure. The thinner the wall thickness of the thin-walled structure, the better the heat exchange effect with the polar terminal 13 of the large-capacity battery 1.

[0072] In addition, the thickness of the liquid cooling plate 21 and the length of the heat-conducting member 22 need to be less than the height of the polar terminal 13 of the large-capacity battery 1. After the liquid cooling plate 21 is fitted on the polar terminal 13 of the large-capacity battery 1, the top end of the polar terminal 13 of the large-capacity battery 1 can protrude from the heat-conducting member 22, so that the polar terminal 13 of the large-capacity battery 1 can realize electrical connection.

[0073] In the process of manufacturing, the heat-conducting member 22 can be integrally formed with the liquid cooling plate 21. In this case, the heat-conducting member 22 is made of the same material as the liquid cooling plate 21. Alternatively, the heat-conducting member 22 and the liquid cooling plate 21 can be manufactured separately, and then the heat-conducting member 22 is embedded into the through hole 24 of the liquid cooling plate 21. After the heat-conducting member 22 is embedded into the through hole 24 of the liquid cooling plate 21, the top end of the heat-conducting member 22 can be sealed and connected with the area around the top plate through hole 24 of the liquid cooling plate 21, and the bottom end of the heat-conducting member 22 can be sealed and connected with the area around the bottom plate through hole 24 of the liquid cooling plate 21.

[0074] As shown in Figure 7As shown, in this embodiment, to ensure the reliability and sealing of the connection between the heat conduction piece 22 and the liquid cooling plate 21, a circumferential protruding annular folded edge 222 can be arranged at the top end and the bottom end of the heat conduction piece 22 respectively. After the heat conduction piece 22 passes through the through hole 24 of the liquid cooling plate 21, the annular folded edge 222 at the top of the heat conduction piece 22 is sealingly connected with the top plate of the liquid cooling plate 21, and the annular folded edge 222 at the bottom of the heat conduction piece 22 is fixedly connected with the bottom plate of the liquid cooling plate 21. The sealing connection can be achieved by welding. Further, a counterbore can be processed at the position of the through hole 24 of the top plate and the bottom plate of the liquid cooling plate 21. At this time, the annular folded edge 222 on the heat conduction piece 22 cooperates with the counterbore on the liquid cooling plate 21 to achieve fixed connection.

[0075] When the liquid cooling plate 21 is installed on the top of the large-capacity battery 1, it exchanges heat with the positive polarity terminal 131 of the large-capacity battery 1 and exchanges heat with the negative polarity terminal 132 of the large-capacity battery 1. In order to ensure the safety of the large-capacity battery 1 during operation, the liquid cooling plate 21 is insulated from the polarity terminal 13 of the large-capacity battery 1. The insulation can be achieved by the following methods:

[0076] First, the positive polarity terminal 131 and the negative polarity terminal 132 of the large-capacity battery 1 are insulated.

[0077] The polarity terminal 13 of each single battery 12 is insulated. Specifically, an insulating layer is arranged on the part of the polarity terminal 13 of each single battery 12 that contacts the heat conduction piece 22. The insulating layer can be a ceramic coating such as boron nitride or aluminum oxide, copper fluoride coating, or an insulating paint layer formed by coating, a hard oxide layer formed by oxidation, or an enamel insulating layer. The insulating layer is formed on the side wall of the polarity terminal 13 during specific arrangement.

[0078] Second, an insulating sleeve is arranged between the heat conduction piece 22 and the positive polarity terminal 131 and the negative polarity terminal 132 of the large-capacity battery 1.

[0079] The insulating sleeve is arranged between the polarity terminal 13 of the large-capacity battery 1 and the heat conduction piece 22. For example, the insulating sleeve can be an insulating plastic sleeve, an insulating rubber sleeve, or a heat-conducting ceramic sleeve.

[0080] Third, the heat conduction piece 22 is insulated.

[0081] If the heat conduction piece 22 and the liquid cooling plate 21 are separately processed and then assembled, the heat conduction piece 22 can be made of insulating material, for example, insulating rubber. If the heat conduction piece 22 and the liquid cooling plate 21 are integrally processed and formed, an insulating layer can be arranged on the inner wall of the heat conduction piece 22 to ensure the insulation between the liquid cooling plate 21 and the large-capacity battery 1 during use. The insulating layer can be a ceramic coating (boron nitride or aluminum oxide, copper fluoride coating), an insulating paint, an enamel insulating layer, or a hard oxide layer.

[0082] Best, in the heat conducting piece 22 insulation treatment, but also can be added between the heat conducting piece 22 and the positive terminal 131, negative polarity terminal 132 insulation cover, the double insulation of this kind of setting can improve the safety of large capacity battery 1 use, avoid the security problem caused by the destruction of one of the insulation.

[0083] Fourth, the liquid cooling plate 21 insulation treatment;

[0084] Liquid cooling plate 21 made of insulation material, or the entire liquid cooling plate 21 inner and outer surface coated with insulation layer, at the same time, the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling plate 21 is an insulating liquid.

[0085] As Figure 8 The liquid cooling plate 21 is set on the large capacity battery 1, the bottom of the liquid cooling plate 21 is also provided with the avoidance slot 23 to avoid the gas sharing chamber 112 of the large capacity battery 1. The avoidance slot 23 is a strip-shaped slot, which extends along the x direction at the bottom of the liquid cooling plate. After installation, the liquid cooling plate 21 covers the gas sharing chamber 112 of the large capacity battery 1. When the large capacity battery 1 works normally, the liquid cooling plate 21 not only processes the heat at the top plate of the large capacity battery 1 and the polarity terminal 13, but also exchanges heat with the gas sharing chamber 112 of the large capacity battery 1, which improves the heat exchange effect.

[0086] Example 2

[0087] The embodiment provides a large capacity battery, which comprises a shell and N single batteries, wherein N is an integer greater than 1, the single battery in the embodiment is a square shell battery, and the number can be adjusted according to actual requirements. The inner cavity of each single battery comprises an electrolyte area and a gas area.

[0088] As Figure 1 And Figure 9As shown, in this embodiment, after the N single batteries 12 are arranged in the same x direction and placed in the shell 11, the top plate of the shell 11 is provided with a plurality of avoiding holes corresponding to the polarity terminals 13 of the single batteries 12, and the polarity terminals 13 of the single batteries 12 extend out of the avoiding holes as the polarity terminals 13 of the large-capacity battery 1 (the polarity terminals 13 of all the single batteries 12 on one side as the positive polarity terminals 131 of the large-capacity battery 1, and the polarity terminals 13 of all the single batteries 12 on the other side as the negative polarity terminals 132 of the large-capacity battery 1), and the area of the top plate of the shell 11 corresponding to the avoiding holes is fixedly sealed with the shell of the single battery 12, so that the gap between the polarity terminal 13 and the avoiding hole is sealed, and the fixed sealing between the area of the top plate of the shell 11 and the shell of the single battery 12 can be usually achieved by a sealing connector. The sealing connector can include a hollow member (similar to a hollow pipe), which is sleeved outside the polarity terminal 13 of the single battery 12; the bottom of the hollow member is sealingly connected with the area of the single battery 12 around the polarity terminal 13 of the upper cover plate, and the top of the hollow member is sealingly connected with the area of the top plate of the shell 11 corresponding to the avoiding hole. The sealing connection can be achieved by welding.

[0089] It should be noted that the polarity terminal of the single battery 12 here can be the pole of the single battery 12. If the pole of the single battery 12 as the polarity terminal cannot smoothly extend out of the avoiding hole, a pole adapter can be connected to the pole of the single battery 12, and the whole structure of the pole of the single battery 12 and the pole adapter matched together can be used as the polarity terminal of the single battery 12.

[0090] The above-mentioned shell 11 is provided with a shared chamber, and the inner cavity of the shared chamber is in communication with the inner cavities of all the single batteries 12. By placing a plurality of single batteries 12 in a shell 11 with a shared chamber and utilizing the shared chamber and the inner cavities of the single batteries 12 in the shell 11, the differences between the single batteries 12 are reduced, and the consistency between the single batteries 12 is improved to a certain extent, thereby improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery 1 to a certain extent. The shared chamber specifically includes the following types:

[0091] The above-mentioned shared chamber in the shell 11 can be an electrolyte sharing chamber 111, and the inner cavity of the electrolyte sharing chamber 111 is in communication with the electrolyte area of the inner cavities of all the single batteries 12. By using the electrolyte sharing chamber 111, the single batteries 12 can be in a unified electrolyte environment, ensuring the uniformity of the electrolyte in the single batteries 12 and improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery 1. It should be noted that the above-mentioned electrolyte sharing chamber 111 is an electrolyte containing cavity, which is in communication with the electrolyte area of the inner cavities of the single batteries 12, and needs to ensure that the electrolyte in the whole large-capacity battery 1 does not contact the external environment.

[0092] The shared chamber in the shell 11 can be a gas shared chamber 112, the inner cavity of the gas shared chamber 112 and the gas zones in the inner cavities of all the single batteries 12 are in communication, the gas balance of each single battery 12 is achieved through the gas shared chamber 112, and the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery 1 are improved. In this structure, the upper cover plate of the single battery 12 is provided with a gas port penetrating the inner cavity of the single battery 12, at this time, the inner cavity of the gas shared chamber 112 is in communication with the gas zones in the inner cavities of all the single batteries 12 through the gas port, and the gas zones of all the single batteries 12 are communicated based on the gas shared chamber 112, so as to achieve the gas balance.

[0093] The shared chamber can be a gas-liquid shared chamber, the inner cavity of the gas-liquid shared chamber and the electrolyte zones and gas zones in the inner cavities of all the single batteries 12 are in communication, and each single battery 12 is in a unified electrolyte environment and gas environment through one gas-liquid shared chamber, thereby improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery 1. When specifically arranged, a protrusion extending along the arrangement direction of the single batteries 12 is arranged on the side plate of the shell 11, and the gas-liquid shared chamber is formed at the protrusion position, and the gas-liquid shared chamber is in communication with the electrolyte zones and gas zones of each single battery 12.

[0094] The shared chamber can also include an electrolyte shared chamber 111 and a gas shared chamber 112. The inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber 111 and the electrolyte zones in the inner cavities of all the single batteries 12 are in communication, and the inner cavity of the gas shared chamber 112 and the gas zones in the inner cavities of all the single batteries 12 are in communication. The large-capacity battery 1 places a plurality of single batteries 12 in one shell 11 with a shared chamber, and uses the shared chamber and the penetration of the inner cavities of the single batteries 12 in the shell 11 to share the electrolyte and gas of each single battery 12 to ensure the consistency of each single battery 12, that is, the electrolyte and gas of each single battery 12 are communicated, so that the electrolyte and gas of all the single batteries 12 are in the same system, the differences between the single batteries 12 are reduced, the consistency between the single batteries 12 is improved to a certain extent, and the cycle life of the large-capacity battery 1 is improved to a certain extent.

[0095] The shared chamber can also simultaneously include an electrolyte shared chamber 111 and a gas shared chamber 112. The electrolyte shared chamber 111 is in communication with the electrolyte area in the inner cavity of all the single batteries 12, and the gas shared chamber 112 is a gas passage between the top plate of the shell 11 and each single battery 12, which covers the explosion venting part (specifically, an explosion venting film) on the top of each single battery 12. When the explosion venting part of any single battery 12 is broken by the inner cavity thermal runaway smoke, the gas area in the inner cavity of the single battery 12 is in communication with the inner cavity of the gas chamber. The gas shared chamber 112 is used as an explosion venting passage, that is, during the normal operation of the large-capacity battery 1, the inner cavities of the single batteries 12 are not in communication with the explosion venting passage. When thermal runaway occurs in any single battery 12, the explosion venting part on the top of the single battery 12 is opened by the inner cavity smoke, the inner cavity of the single battery 12 is in communication with the explosion venting passage, the thermal runaway smoke is discharged through the explosion venting passage, and the safety of the large-capacity battery 1 is improved.

[0096] As shown in Figure 9 , in order to further improve the safety of the large-capacity battery 1 during use, the shell 11 of the large-capacity battery 1 is provided with an explosion venting mechanism 14 in communication with the inner cavity of the shell 11. The explosion venting mechanism 14 specifically includes a pressure relief pipe 141 and a pressure relief part 142. The pressure relief pipe 141 is connected with the explosion venting port of the large-capacity battery 1, and the pressure relief part 142 is arranged on the pressure relief pipe 141 or on the explosion venting port of the large-capacity battery 1. The pressure relief part 142 can be an explosion venting film or an explosion venting valve. The explosion venting mechanism 14 can ensure that the thermal runaway smoke in the large-capacity battery 1 can be smoothly discharged when thermal runaway occurs, avoiding the occurrence of safety hazards such as explosion in the inner cavity of the shell 11 of the large-capacity battery 1.

[0097] Specifically, at least one of the electrolyte shared chamber 111 and the gas shared chamber 112 is connected with the explosion venting mechanism 14. When the electrolyte shared chamber 111 and the gas shared chamber 112 are both in communication with the explosion venting mechanism 14, the large-capacity battery 1 has two explosion venting passages. When thermal runaway occurs in any single battery 12, the thermal runaway smoke is discharged from different explosion venting passages, and the heat and thermal runaway smoke accumulated in the explosion venting passages and the single batteries 12 can be reduced in a short time, thereby reducing the risk of explosion.

[0098] As shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, the large-capacity battery 1 in this embodiment also includes the liquid cooling device 2 of Embodiment 1, the liquid cooling plate 21 of the liquid cooling device 2 is arranged on the top plate of the shell 11, and the polarity terminal 13 of each single battery 12 extends out of the avoiding hole and passes through the heat conduction hole 221 of the heat conduction piece 22. The end face of the polarity terminal 13 of each single battery 12 extends out of the liquid cooling plate 21, and is used for connecting with the first electrical connection or the second electrical connection. The electrical connection is a connecting device for realizing parallel connection of the single batteries 12, and the second electrical connection is a connecting device for realizing series connection of two large-capacity batteries 1, or a connecting device for connecting the large-capacity battery 1 with an external load.

[0099] After the liquid cooling device 2 is installed on the top of the large-capacity battery 1, the bottom of the liquid cooling plate 21 is in contact with the top plate of the shell 11 of the large-capacity battery 1 for heat exchange, and the heat conduction piece 22 of the liquid cooling plate 21 is in heat exchange with the polarity terminal 13 of the large-capacity battery 1. This heat exchange mode can effectively control the temperature at different positions of the entire large-capacity battery 1, avoid performance problems and safety problems caused by excessively high or low temperature of the large-capacity battery 1, and improve the performance and safety of the large-capacity battery 1.

[0100] As shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13 The shared chamber is connected with the flue gas inlet 215 on the liquid cooling plate 21 through the explosion venting mechanism 14. Specifically, the flue gas inlet 215 on the liquid cooling plate 21 can be connected with the explosion venting mechanism 14 that is in communication with the gas shared chamber 112, or can be connected with the explosion venting mechanism 14 that is in communication with the electrolyte shared chamber 111. Since the flue gas pretreatment channel 214 and the liquid cooling channel 211 are adjacent cavities, when the heat transfer medium passes through the liquid cooling channel 211, the thermal runaway flue gas in the flue gas pretreatment channel 214 can also be cooled, and the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling channel 211 can be used to cool the gas in the flue gas pretreatment channel 214.

[0101] In the process of normal use of the large capacity battery 1, the liquid cooling channel 211 can be used to cool the large capacity battery 1, thereby reducing the possibility of overheat of the large capacity battery 1. When the large capacity battery 1 has occurred thermal runaway, the thermal runaway flue gas opens the pressure relief part 142, and the thermal runaway flue gas enters the flue gas pretreatment channel 214 of the liquid cooling plate 21 through the pressure relief pipe 141. The flue gas pretreatment channel 214 buffers the thermal runaway flue gas, so that the thermal runaway flue gas is smoothly discharged at a relatively stable flow rate. At the same time, the flue gas pretreatment channel 214 can collect the electrolyte and impurities carried in the thermal runaway flue gas, so that the thermal runaway flue gas discharged from the flue gas pretreatment channel 214 is gaseous material, which is convenient for subsequent transportation and processing. In addition, the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling plate 21 can cool the thermal runaway flue gas through the partition. The thermal runaway flue gas is discharged from the large capacity battery 1 under the guidance of the flue gas pretreatment channel 214, so as to avoid the temperature rise of other battery monomers in the large capacity battery 1, thereby slowing down the heat spread and improving the safety of the large capacity battery 1. At the same time, since the liquid cooling plate 21 has cooled the high-temperature gas, the discharged gas will not cause damage to the structure outside the large capacity battery 1, thereby reducing the use risk of the large capacity battery 1. In addition, since the heat transfer medium is in a flowing state in the liquid cooling plate 21, the heat transfer medium continuously cools and processes the thermal runaway flue gas discharged from the large capacity battery 1.

[0102] After the liquid cooling plate 21 is installed on the top of the shell 11, since the liquid cooling plate 21 is sleeved on the polar terminal 13 of the large capacity battery 1, it has been positioned and installed in the x direction and the y direction. It can be fixed in the z direction by the following ways: first, welding a plurality of mounting plates on the liquid cooling plate 21, and fixing the mounting plates on the shell 11 by bolts; second, the top of the liquid cooling plate 21 is provided with a plurality of U-shaped connecting plates. When connected, the U-shaped connecting plates are inverted and buckled on the liquid cooling plate 21, and the two side plates of the U-shaped connecting plates are fixed on the side wall of the shell 11 by bolts or welding; third, threaded holes are processed on the side wall of the shell 11, and threaded holes are also processed on the liquid cooling plate 21. The liquid cooling plate 21 is fixed on the shell 11 by screws. This kind of way requires that the wall thickness of the shell 11 and the wall thickness of the liquid cooling plate 21 meet the requirements.

[0103] It should be noted that the liquid cooling plate 21 is arranged on the top of the shell 11 of the large capacity battery 1. After being in contact with the shell 11, when the shell 11 of the large capacity battery 1 is electrified, the insulation between the liquid cooling plate 21 and the large capacity battery 1 also needs to be ensured. Usually, the shell 11 of the large capacity battery 1 or the liquid cooling plate 21 can be insulated, such as spraying insulating paint or coating an insulating material on the surface of the shell 11 of the large capacity battery 1 or the liquid cooling plate 21, or adding an insulating pad between the two to achieve insulation.

[0104] Example 3

[0105] During long time use, the large capacity battery 1 will generate condensation on the surface due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the liquid cooling plate 21. When the condensation accumulates to a certain amount, it will seep into the gap between the polarity terminal 13 of the single battery 12 and the avoiding hole, causing the polarity terminal 13 of the single battery 12 to be electrically connected with the shell 11, and further causing the same single battery 12 to be short-circuited.

[0106] The large capacity battery 1 structure in embodiment 3 is optimized in this embodiment. As shown in Figure 14 The gap between the polarity terminal 13 of each single battery 12 and the avoiding hole is filled with the insulating sealant layer to overcome the above problems. The thickness of the insulating sealant layer is small, and only needs to ensure that the condensation cannot enter the gap between the polarity terminal 13 of the single battery 12 and the avoiding hole. The thin insulating sealant layer can ensure the heat exchange between the liquid cooling plate 21 and the shell 11. The above insulating sealant is generally the battery sealant commonly used in batteries, such as organic silicon heat-conducting sealant, which has good sealing, insulation, anti-vibration, heat dissipation, and waterproof functions.

[0107] In other embodiments, the insulating sealant layer can also be thicker, at this time, the entire liquid cooling plate 21 is covered by the insulating sealant layer, that is, the liquid cooling plate 21 is submerged in the insulating sealant layer. The insulating sealant layer is filled between the top of the shell 11 and the bottom of the liquid cooling plate 21, the top of the liquid cooling plate 21, and the heat-conducting member 22 and the polarity terminal 13 of the large capacity battery 1. It should be noted that after laying the insulating sealant layer, the end of the polarity terminal 13 of the large capacity battery 1 needs to protrude out of the insulating sealant layer to realize connection with the electrical connecting member. The liquid inlet 212 and the liquid outlet 213 of the liquid cooling plate 21 also need to protrude out of the insulating sealant layer. The laying mode of the insulating sealant layer enables the liquid cooling plate 21 to be fixed on the top of the shell 11, without the need to use other ways to fix the liquid cooling plate 21.

[0108] On the basis of the above structure, this embodiment further provides an insulating protective cover on the top of the large capacity battery 1, thereby providing insulation protection for the polarity terminal 13 and the liquid cooling plate 21. This avoids the safety hazards that may exist in the exposed polarity terminal 13 during operation of the large capacity battery 1, and also avoids the problem that some foreign matters in the external environment fall into the position of the polarity terminal 13 to cause short circuit of the large capacity battery 1, thereby improving the safety of the large capacity battery 1.

[0109] It should be noted that if the insulating protective cover completely covers the polarity terminal 13, it will cause the electrical connection of such a large-capacity battery 1 to be difficult, so the embodiment opens a slit in the side wall of the insulating protective cover, through which the electrical connector can be connected to the polarity terminal 13 of the large-capacity battery 1, thereby realizing electrical connection. It should also be noted that the side wall of the insulating protective cover also needs to be provided with a passage for the liquid inlet 212 and the liquid outlet 213 of the liquid cooling plate 21 to protrude.

[0110] Embodiment 4

[0111] As shown in Figure 15 and Figure 16 , the embodiment provides a large-capacity battery, which includes a plurality of single batteries 12 arranged in sequence along the x direction and the liquid cooling device 2 in embodiment 1. The single battery 12 in the embodiment is a square cell, and the number of single batteries 12 can be adjusted according to actual needs. The form of the single battery 12 can also be adjusted according to actual needs. The inner cavity of each single battery 12 includes an electrolyte area and a gas area. At the same time, the upper cover plate of each single battery 12 is provided with a vent branch pipe 15, and the position of the vent branch pipe 15 corresponds to the venting part of each single battery 12, that is, the inner cavity of the vent branch pipe 15 covers the venting part of the single battery 12. When the single battery 12 is in thermal runaway, the venting part is opened, and the thermal runaway flue gas enters the vent branch pipe 15 through the venting part.

[0112] As shown in Figure 17 , in the embodiment, the liquid cooling plate 21 has a plurality of flue gas inlets 215, and the number of flue gas inlets 215 is consistent with the number of single batteries 12. The liquid cooling device 2 is arranged at the top of each single battery 12, and the polarity terminal 13 of each single battery 12 passes through the heat conduction hole 221 of the heat conduction piece 22. At the same time, the vent branch pipe 15 of each single battery 12 is connected to the flue gas inlet 215 on the liquid cooling plate 21 one by one. When any single battery 12 is in thermal runaway, the thermal runaway flue gas opens the venting part, and the thermal runaway flue gas enters the flue gas pretreatment passage 214 of the liquid cooling plate 21 through the vent branch pipe 15. After the thermal runaway flue gas is pretreated in the flue gas pretreatment passage 214, it is discharged through the flue gas outlet 216.

[0113] As shown in Figure 18 , when the vent branch pipe 15 of each single battery 12 is connected to the flue gas inlet 215 on the liquid cooling plate 21, the vent branch pipe 15 of each single battery 12 is inserted into the flue gas inlet 215 of the liquid cooling plate 21 one by one, and the vent branch pipe 15 is sealed with the flue gas inlet 215 of the liquid cooling plate 21. Specifically, it can be fixed and sealed by the following method:

[0114] First, the explosion vent branch pipe 15 is connected with the smoke inlet 215 by interference fit, and a circumferentially extending annular groove is formed on the wall of the explosion vent branch pipe 15, and an O-shaped sealing ring is embedded in the annular groove, and the O-shaped sealing ring realizes the sealing between the explosion vent branch pipe 15 and the smoke inlet 215 of the liquid cooling plate 21;

[0115] Second, after inserting the explosion vent branch pipe 15 of each single battery 12 into the smoke inlet 215 of the liquid cooling plate 21 one by one, the explosion vent branch pipe 15 is welded with the smoke inlet 215 on the liquid cooling plate 21.

[0116] Third, the explosion vent branch pipe 15 of each single battery 12 is provided with an external thread, the explosion vent branch pipe 15 of each single battery 12 is inserted into the smoke inlet 215 of the liquid cooling plate 21 one by one, the explosion vent branch pipe 15 is fixed by tightening the bolt, and sealing glue is coated at the threaded connection.

[0117] From the above installation process, when each single battery 12 is installed with the liquid cooling plate 21, the explosion vent branch pipe 15 needs to be sealed and fixed from the inside of the liquid cooling plate 21, therefore, the liquid cooling plate 21 in the embodiment is a split structure, including a top plate 218 and a U-shaped shell 217, the top plate 218 is arranged at the open end of the U-shaped shell 217, and the cavity between the two forms a liquid cooling channel 211 and a smoke pretreatment channel 214 which are isolated from each other, and the bottom plate of the U-shaped shell 217 is provided with a plurality of smoke inlets 215 arranged in sequence along the x direction and all communicating with the smoke pretreatment channel 214. The top plate 218 and the U-shaped shell 217 are respectively provided with through holes connected with the heat conducting piece 22, and during production, the heat conducting piece 22 can be first fixed with the U-shaped shell 217, and then the top plate 218 is sealed and connected with the U-shaped shell 217 and the heat conducting piece 22 after being connected with the explosion vent branch pipe 15 of each single battery 12.

[0118] It should be noted that the liquid cooling plate 21 is arranged at the top of each single battery 12, and after being in contact with the shell and the explosion vent branch pipe 15 of each single battery 12, when the shell of the single battery 12 is electrified, the liquid cooling plate 21 and the shell of the single battery 12 also need to be insulated, and the explosion vent branch pipe 15, the shell of the single battery 12 or the liquid cooling plate 21 can be insulated, such as spraying insulating paint or coating an insulating material on the surface of the explosion vent branch pipe 15, the shell of the single battery 12 or the liquid cooling plate 21, or adding an insulating pad between them.

[0119] After the liquid cooling device 2 is installed on the top of the large-capacity battery 1, during normal use of the large-capacity battery 1, cooling can be formed on each single battery 12 through the liquid cooling channel 211, reducing the possibility of dangerous high temperature of the large-capacity battery 1. When any single battery 12 has occurred thermal runaway, the pressure in the cavity of each single battery 12 increases, the explosion vent on the top of the single battery 12 opens, the thermal runaway flue gas enters the flue gas pretreatment channel 214 of the liquid cooling plate 21 through the explosion vent branch pipe 15, and the flue gas pretreatment channel 214 buffers the thermal runaway flue gas to make the thermal runaway flue gas smoothly discharged at a relatively stable flow rate. At the same time, the flue gas pretreatment channel 214 can collect electrolyte and impurities carried in the thermal runaway flue gas, so that the thermal runaway flue gas discharged from the flue gas pretreatment channel 214 is gaseous material, which is convenient for subsequent transportation and processing. In addition, the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling plate 21 can cool the thermal runaway flue gas through the partition plate. The thermal runaway flue gas is discharged under the guidance of the flue gas pretreatment channel 214 to slow down the spread of heat and improve the safety of the large-capacity battery 1. At the same time, since the liquid cooling plate 21 has cooled the high-temperature gas, the discharged gas will not cause damage to the structure outside the large-capacity battery 1, reducing the use risk of the large-capacity battery 1. In addition, since the heat transfer medium is in a flowing state in the liquid cooling plate 21, the heat transfer medium continuously cools and processes the thermal runaway flue gas discharged from the large-capacity battery 1.

[0120] In addition, the present embodiment can also be provided with an electrolyte sharing chamber at the bottom of each single battery 12, which connects the electrolyte zones in the cavities of all single batteries 12 to achieve electrolyte sharing effect. The electrolyte sharing chamber can be a hollow member arranged at the bottom of each single battery 12, and a through hole is formed in the hollow member. Based on the through hole and the through hole formed after the lower cover plate of each single battery 12 is separated from the unpacking member, electrolyte sharing is realized. For specific structure of the electrolyte sharing chamber, please refer to the first hollow member in Chinese patent CN117477186A and the electrolyte sharing channel described in Chinese patent CN115275453A.

Claims

1. A liquid cooling device, characterized by, The liquid cooling plate and the plurality of heat-conducting members are included. The liquid cooling plate has a liquid cooling channel through which a heat transfer medium passes and a flue gas pretreatment channel through which flue gas passes; the liquid cooling channel and the flue gas pretreatment channel are isolated from each other; meanwhile, the liquid cooling plate is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet communicating with the liquid cooling channel and a flue gas outlet and at least one flue gas inlet communicating with the flue gas pretreatment channel. The liquid cooling plate is provided with two groups of through holes arranged in sequence along the x direction and penetrating the liquid cooling channel in the z direction, and the plurality of heat-conducting members are embedded into the through holes one by one, and each heat-conducting member is provided with a heat-conducting hole through which a polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery passes, and the liquid cooling plate is insulated from the polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery.

2. The liquid cooling device of claim 1, wherein, The liquid cooling plate is provided with two baffles arranged along the y direction, and the two baffles extend along the x direction to divide the inner cavity of the liquid cooling plate into two liquid cooling channels and one flue gas pretreatment channel, and the flue gas pretreatment channel is located between the two liquid cooling channels.

3. The liquid cooling device of claim 1, wherein, The liquid cooling plate is provided with a U-shaped baffle, and the cavity between the U-shaped baffle and the side wall of the liquid cooling plate is a U-shaped liquid cooling channel, and the inner cavity of the U-shaped baffle is a flue gas pretreatment channel. The flue gas inlet is connected with a flue gas pipeline, and the flue gas pipeline is connected with the flue gas pretreatment channel through the liquid cooling channel.

4. The liquid cooling device of claim 3, wherein, The liquid inlet, the liquid outlet and the flue gas outlet are located on the same side wall of the liquid cooling plate, and at the same time, the liquid cooling channel communicating with the liquid inlet exchanges heat with the positive polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery, and the liquid cooling channel communicating with the liquid outlet exchanges heat with the negative polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery.

5. The liquid cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The liquid cooling plate includes a top plate and a U-shaped shell, the top plate is arranged at the open end of the U-shaped shell, and the bottom plate of the U-shaped shell is provided with a plurality of flue gas inlets arranged in sequence along the x direction and communicating with the flue gas pretreatment channel.

6. The liquid cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The bottom of the liquid cooling plate is provided with an avoidance slot for avoiding the gas sharing chamber of the large-capacity battery, and the top end and the bottom end of the heat-conducting member are respectively provided with circumferentially protruding annular folded edges, after the heat-conducting member passes through the through hole of the liquid cooling plate, the annular folded edge at the top end of the heat-conducting member is sealingly connected with the top plate of the liquid cooling plate, and the annular folded edge at the bottom end of the heat-conducting member is sealingly connected with the bottom plate of the liquid cooling plate.

7. A high capacity battery characterized by The liquid cooling device includes a shell, a plurality of single batteries and the liquid cooling device of any one of claims 1 to 6; the plurality of single batteries are arranged in the shell along the x direction; the shell is provided with a sharing chamber, and the inner cavity of the sharing chamber and the inner cavities of all the single batteries are communicated; the top plate of the shell is provided with an avoidance hole corresponding to the polarity terminal of each single battery; the polarity terminal of each single battery extends out of the avoidance hole, and the region of the top plate of the shell corresponding to the avoidance hole is fixedly sealed with the shell of the single battery. The liquid cooling plate is arranged on the top plate of the shell, and after the polarity terminal of each single battery extends out of the avoidance hole, the polarity terminal passes through the heat-conducting hole of the heat-conducting member. The flue gas inlet of the liquid cooling plate is used to be connected with a venting mechanism on the shell, when any single battery in the shell is in thermal runaway, the thermal runaway flue gas opens the venting mechanism, the thermal runaway flue gas enters the flue gas pretreatment channel of the liquid cooling plate through the flue gas inlet, and after the thermal runaway flue gas is pretreated in the flue gas pretreatment channel, the thermal runaway flue gas is discharged through the flue gas outlet.

8. The battery of claim 7, wherein The shared chamber includes an electrolyte shared chamber and a gas shared chamber; the electrolyte shared chamber is in communication with the electrolyte area of each single battery; the gas shared chamber is in communication with the gas area of each single battery, or the gas shared chamber is a gas passage between the top plate of the shell and each single battery, which covers the explosion venting part of each single battery, and when the explosion venting part of any single battery is opened by the thermal runaway smoke in the cavity, the gas area of the single battery and the gas passage are in communication; the explosion venting mechanism includes a pressure relief pipe and a pressure relief part, one end of the pressure relief pipe is in communication with at least one of the electrolyte shared chamber and the gas shared chamber, the other end is connected with the smoke inlet of the liquid cooling plate, and the pressure relief part is arranged in the explosion venting opening of the shell or on the pressure relief pipe.

9. The large capacity battery according to claim 7 or 8, characterized by, The top plate of the shell is paved with an insulating sealing adhesive layer, the liquid cooling plate is arranged in the insulating sealing adhesive layer, and the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the liquid cooling channel and the smoke inlet and the smoke outlet of the smoke pretreatment channel extend out of the insulating sealing adhesive layer.

10. A high capacity battery, characterized by The liquid cooling device includes a plurality of single batteries arranged in sequence and the liquid cooling device of any one of claims 1 to 6; The liquid cooling plate is arranged on the top of each single battery, and the polarity terminal of each single battery passes through the heat conduction hole of the heat conduction piece; Each single battery is provided with an explosion venting branch pipe covering the explosion venting part of the single battery, the liquid cooling plate has a plurality of smoke inlets, the explosion venting branch pipe of each single battery is connected with the smoke inlet on the liquid cooling plate in one-to-one correspondence, the explosion venting part is opened by the thermal runaway smoke of any single battery in thermal runaway, the thermal runaway smoke enters the smoke pretreatment channel of the liquid cooling plate through the explosion venting branch pipe, and the thermal runaway smoke is pretreated in the smoke pretreatment channel and then discharged through the smoke outlet.

Images