Energy storage equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides energy storage equipment, which mainly solves the problem that the existing battery module has potential safety hazards. The energy storage device comprises a temperature control system and at least one battery cluster. The battery cluster comprises at least one battery module; the battery module comprises a battery pack and a pressure-bearing shell; the pressure-bearing shell is a closed pressure shell, the battery pack comprises a plurality of single batteries, and the single batteries are arranged in the pressure-bearing shell in the x direction and are connected in series through an electric connection assembly; a heat exchange device is arranged in the pressure-bearing shell, the heat exchange device is provided with a heat exchange channel through which an insulated heat exchange medium passes, and the insulated heat exchange medium in the heat exchange channel is in direct contact with the polar terminal of each single battery for heat exchange; the temperature control system comprises a heat conveying unit and a heat processing unit; the heat conveying unit is used for conveying an insulating heat exchange medium between each battery module heat exchange device and the heat treatment unit; and the heat treatment unit is used for heating or cooling the insulating heat exchange medium conveyed by the heat conveying unit.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of battery, concretely relates to a kind of energy storage equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] The existing energy storage equipment includes multiple battery modules, each battery module is composed of multiple single batteries in series, so that the battery module has the characteristics of high integration and high energy density. The battery module has the characteristics of high space utilization, high integration and high energy density. However, due to the high concentration of single batteries in the battery module, a large amount of heat will be generated during charging and discharging, and the heat will gradually increase. If the generated heat is not released in time, the heat will accumulate, causing uneven temperature of the battery module, thereby reducing the service life of the battery module. In severe cases, the thermal balance of the battery module is destroyed, causing safety hazards. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model provides a kind of energy storage equipment, mainly solve the problem that existing battery pack exists safety hazard.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the technical scheme provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0005] An energy storage device includes a temperature control system and at least one battery cluster. The battery cluster includes at least one battery module. The battery module includes a battery pack and a pressure-containing shell. The pressure-containing shell is a closed pressure shell, and the battery pack includes multiple single batteries arranged in the pressure-containing shell along the x-direction and connected in series through an electrical connection assembly. A heat exchange device is provided in the pressure-containing shell, and the heat exchange device is arranged on the top of each single battery and insulated from each single battery. The heat exchange device has a heat exchange channel through which an insulating heat exchange medium is in direct contact with the polar terminals of each single battery for heat exchange. The temperature control system includes a heat transfer unit and a heat treatment unit. The heat transfer unit is used to transfer the insulating heat exchange medium between the heat exchange device of each battery module and the heat treatment unit. The heat treatment unit is used to heat or cool the insulating heat exchange medium transferred by the heat transfer unit.

[0006] Further, the heat exchange device includes multiple sub-heat exchange devices, each sub-heat exchange device is arranged on the top of each single battery, and the sub-heat exchange device includes at least one heat exchange pipe, each heat exchange pipe has a first channel extending along the x-direction and at least one second channel. The polar terminals of each single battery are respectively connected to the electrical connection assembly in the z-direction after penetrating through each sub-heat exchange device, the first channels of adjacent single battery sub-heat exchange devices are connected to form a heat exchange channel, and part of the structure of the polar terminals of each single battery is located in the heat exchange channel and directly contacts with the insulating heat exchange medium.

[0007] Further, the heat exchange device comprises at least one heat exchange plate, the heat exchange plate has a first channel extending along the x direction and at least one group of second channels arranged along the x direction, the first channel in the heat exchange plate serves as a heat exchange channel, and each second channel penetrates along the z direction and is communicated with the first channel; the polar terminals of each single battery are respectively connected with the electrical connection assembly after penetrating the second channel along the z direction, and part of the structure of the polar terminals of each single battery is located in the heat exchange channel and directly contacts with the insulating heat exchange medium.

[0008] Further, the heat exchange device comprises a connecting pipe assembly, the polar terminal of each single battery is provided with a channel penetrating the polar terminal, the connecting pipe assembly communicates the channels on the polar terminals of adjacent single batteries to form a heat exchange channel, and the connecting pipe assembly is insulated from the polar terminals of each single battery.

[0009] Further, the pressure-bearing shell comprises a cylinder body with two open ends and two end plates sealingly arranged at the open ends of the cylinder body; the heat exchange device is connected with the heat treatment unit through an adapter pipe which is integrally fixed on the end plate.

[0010] Further, the end plate comprises a first sealing plate and a second sealing plate arranged in parallel, the first sealing plate is used for sealing the open end of the cylinder body, and the second sealing plate is used for clamping the single batteries along the x direction.

[0011] Further, the electrical connection assembly comprises a first electrical connection member and a second electrical connection member, the polar terminals of different polarities of adjacent single batteries are electrically connected through the first electrical connection member; two second electrical connection members are respectively electrically connected with the polar terminals of different polarities of single batteries at two ends of the battery pack; two electrical connection terminals are fixedly arranged on the pressure-bearing shell, and the two second electrical connection members are respectively and correspondingly electrically connected with the two electrical connection terminals.

[0012] Further, the battery cluster comprises a plurality of battery module units arranged along the vertical direction, each battery module unit comprises a plurality of battery modules arranged along the horizontal direction; the heat delivery unit comprises a liquid supply pipe assembly, a liquid outlet pipe assembly, a liquid inlet pipe assembly and a liquid return pipe assembly; the liquid supply pipe assembly is used for delivering the insulating heat exchange medium in the heat treatment unit to each battery cluster, and the liquid outlet pipe assembly is used for converging the insulating heat exchange medium after heat exchange with each battery cluster to the heat treatment unit; the number of the liquid inlet pipe assembly and the liquid return pipe assembly corresponds to the number of the battery cluster; in each battery cluster, the liquid inlet pipe assembly is used for distributing the insulating heat exchange medium in the liquid supply pipe assembly to the heat exchange devices of each battery module, and the liquid return pipe assembly is used for converging the insulating heat exchange medium after heat exchange of a plurality of battery modules to the liquid outlet pipe assembly.

[0013] Further, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly comprises a first liquid inlet pipeline, a second liquid inlet pipeline and a third liquid inlet pipeline; the liquid inlet port of the first liquid inlet pipeline is used for connecting with the liquid supply pipeline assembly; the second liquid inlet pipelines are connected with the first liquid inlet pipeline, and the second liquid inlet pipelines divide the insulation heat exchange medium in the first liquid inlet pipeline into a plurality of battery module units; the third liquid inlet pipelines are connected with the second liquid inlet pipelines, and the third liquid inlet pipelines divide the insulation heat exchange medium in the second liquid inlet pipelines into a plurality of heat exchange devices of the battery module; the liquid return pipeline assembly comprises a first liquid outlet pipeline, a second liquid outlet pipeline and a third liquid outlet pipeline; the third liquid outlet pipelines are connected with the second liquid outlet pipelines, and are used for converging the insulation heat exchange medium after heat exchange with the battery module into the second liquid outlet pipelines; the second liquid outlet pipelines are connected with the first liquid outlet pipeline, and the first liquid outlet pipeline is connected with the liquid outlet pipeline assembly.

[0014] Further, the battery clusters are a plurality of and arranged in a matrix mode; the liquid supply pipeline assembly comprises a first shunt pipeline, a second shunt pipeline and a third shunt pipeline; the inlet of the first shunt pipeline is used for connecting with the heat treatment unit; the second shunt pipeline is used for dividing the insulation heat exchange medium in the first shunt pipeline into different column or row battery clusters; the third shunt pipeline is used for dividing the insulation heat exchange medium in the second shunt pipeline into a plurality of battery clusters in the same column or row; the liquid outlet pipeline assembly comprises a first confluence pipeline, a second confluence pipeline and a third confluence pipeline; the third confluence pipeline is used for converging the insulation heat exchange medium of the same column or row battery clusters into the second confluence pipeline; the second confluence pipeline is used for converging the insulation heat exchange medium of different column or row battery clusters into the first confluence pipeline; the outlet of the first confluence pipeline is used for connecting with the heat treatment unit.

[0015] Further, at least part of the pipelines of the liquid supply pipeline assembly, the liquid outlet pipeline assembly, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly and the liquid return pipeline assembly is provided with a heat preservation layer; the second liquid outlet pipeline is connected with the first liquid outlet pipeline by using a quick connector and a hose; in the same row of battery clusters, adjacent two battery clusters share a first liquid outlet pipeline; meanwhile, the second liquid inlet pipeline and the second liquid outlet pipeline are spliced by using a plurality of pipeline segments.

[0016] Further, the first shunt pipeline is provided with a water supplement joint for supplementing the insulation heat exchange medium for the temperature control system; the first confluence pipeline is provided with an exhaust valve.

[0017] Further, the heat treatment unit comprises a temperature control machine; the liquid inlet port of the temperature control machine is connected with the liquid outlet pipeline assembly, the liquid outlet port of the temperature control machine is connected with the liquid supply pipeline assembly, and the temperature control machine is used for heating or cooling the insulation heat exchange medium; the liquid inlet port and the liquid outlet port of the temperature control machine are provided with a blocking joint, and the blocking joint can block the insulation heat exchange medium in the temperature control machine.

[0018] Further, the heat treatment unit further comprises a radiator and a control valve; the control valve is used for controlling whether the insulation heat exchange medium enters the radiator; the inlet and outlet of the radiator are connected with the liquid outlet pipeline assembly, and the insulation heat exchange medium is radiated.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the technical scheme of the utility model are:

[0020] 1. The energy storage equipment sets a heat exchange device, a pressure-bearing shell and a temperature control system for the battery module. When the battery module is working normally, the heat exchange device and the temperature control system control the temperature of the battery module, avoid safety hazards of the battery module, and improve the safety of the battery module during use. When the battery module is in thermal runaway, the pressure-bearing shell with pressure-bearing capacity can collect the high-temperature and high-pressure thermal runaway flue gas and electrolyte generated by the single battery in the pressure-bearing shell, avoid the harm of the high-temperature and high-pressure thermal runaway flue gas to the surrounding devices after leakage, and improve the safety of the battery module.

[0021] The heat exchange device is provided with a heat exchange channel through which the insulation heat exchange medium passes. The heat exchange channel mainly exchanges heat with the polarity terminals of the single battery with relatively concentrated heat, so as to realize reliable temperature control of each single battery in the battery pack. The heat exchange device adopts a direct heat exchange mode, directly contacts the insulation heat exchange medium in the heat exchange channel with the polarity terminals of the single battery, and directly acts on the polarity terminals by the insulation heat exchange medium. The insulation heat exchange medium has a short heat exchange path, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the insulation heat exchange medium, improving the heat exchange efficiency of the battery module, improving the temperature control effect of the battery module, and improving the safety of the battery module during use. Under the joint action of the heat exchange device, the temperature control system and the pressure-bearing shell, the safety hazards caused by the thermal runaway of the battery module are avoided, and the safety of the energy storage equipment is improved.

[0022] 2. In the energy storage equipment, the heat exchange device adopts a split structure, that is, each single battery is respectively provided with a sub heat exchange device, and the sub heat exchange devices of adjacent single batteries are communicated with each other to form a heat exchange channel. This structure of arranging the sub heat exchange devices on the single batteries facilitates the installation of the sub heat exchange devices and the single batteries, and also facilitates the sealing of the sub heat exchange devices and the polarity terminals of the single batteries.

[0023] 3. In the energy storage equipment, the battery pack is provided with a heat exchange device which exchanges heat with the polarity terminals of all single batteries in the battery pack. The heat exchange device adopts an integrated heat exchange plate, and has better overall sealing property and is convenient to process and manufacture, compared with the structure of arranging the sub heat exchange devices on the single batteries.

[0024] 4. The utility model discloses energy storage equipment, pressure containment shell adopts the cylinder of two ends open and the end plate of setting at the open end of cylinder, the pressure containment shell of this structure, the cylinder is convenient to adopt extrusion integral forming, make the pressure containment performance of cylinder better. Meanwhile, the end plate of both sides is convenient to install the electric connection terminal of battery pack external connection and the adapter pipe of heat exchange channel external connection. When setting specifically, the adapter pipe integral forming is on the end plate, and the two electric connection terminals of battery pack are fixedly arranged on the pressure containment shell, and the adapter pipe is fixedly arranged with the electric connection terminal on the pressure containment shell, further ensure the pressure containment performance of the pressure containment shell.

[0025] 5. The utility model discloses energy storage equipment, the end plate includes first sealing plate and second sealing plate, through the size of second sealing plate in x direction is adjusted, so that the end plate in x direction, clamps all single battery, prevents each single battery from swelling, improves the stability of each single battery in the pressure containment shell.

[0026] 6. The utility model discloses energy storage equipment, inlet pipeline subassembly and return liquid pipeline subassembly adopt multistage pipeline production, make the insulation heat exchange medium that flows out from liquid supply pipeline subassembly carry out step by step shunt, balanced distribution to each battery module, balance the insulation heat exchange medium flow that each battery module distributes to, make each battery module in battery cluster have good, balanced heat dissipation effect, thereby promote the working stability and service life of each battery module.

[0027] 7. The utility model discloses energy storage equipment, liquid supply pipeline subassembly and liquid outlet pipeline subassembly through multistage pipeline production, make the insulation heat exchange medium that flows out from heat treatment unit carry out step by step shunt, balanced distribution to each battery cluster, balance the insulation heat exchange medium flow that each battery cluster distributes to, make each battery cluster and each battery module in battery cluster have good, balanced heat dissipation effect, thereby promote the working stability and service life of energy storage equipment.

[0028] 8. The utility model discloses energy storage equipment, at least part pipeline of liquid supply pipeline subassembly, liquid outlet pipeline subassembly, inlet pipeline subassembly, return liquid pipeline subassembly is equipped with heat preservation layer, heat preservation layer can effectively prevent the cold or heat loss of insulation heat exchange medium, reduce energy consumption, can also avoid the condensation phenomenon on the pipe wall of each pipeline. Meanwhile, two-stage inlet pipe, two-stage outlet pipe adopt multistage pipeline splicing formation, this kind of splicing type pipeline reduces the error and assembly difficulty when two-stage inlet pipe, two-stage outlet pipe are connected. Meanwhile, this kind of splicing type pipeline only needs to remove the pipeline connector of relevant battery module to carry out maintenance when subsequent maintenance, does not need to remove entire temperature control pipeline subassembly, and installation maintenance is very convenient.

[0029] 9. The utility model discloses energy storage equipment, the water joint is provided to the first shunt pipe, is used for supplementing the temperature control system insulating heat medium, the exhaust valve is provided to the first confluence pipe, and the exhaust valve is used for discharging the air in the temperature control system, and the water joint and exhaust valve cooperate to work to make the temperature control system realize temperature control to each battery module efficiently, improve the temperature control effect of temperature control system.

[0030] 10. The utility model discloses energy storage equipment, in the same row's battery cluster, the first liquid outlet pipe of adjacent battery cluster is a pipe line, and this kind of setting can reduce the pipe line number, and the pipe line arrangement is convenient, and simultaneously, the second liquid outlet pipe adopts quick plug connector and hose and realizes the connection with the first liquid outlet pipe, reduces the installation error when the pipe line connection, reduces the installation requirement on site, further increases the installation convenience of pipe line.

[0031] 11. The utility model discloses energy storage equipment, the heat treatment unit carries out temperature control to battery module through the combination mode of temperature control machine, radiator, utilizes the ambient temperature to cool battery module in the non-extreme case of air temperature and uses radiator, only starts temperature control machine to heat or refrigeration when the temperature is too high or too low in the extreme case, like this can maximize the utilization of ambient temperature, reduces temperature control energy consumption.

[0032] 12. The utility model discloses energy storage equipment, the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of temperature control machine are equipped with the blocking joint, this blocking joint can prevent the outflow of insulating heat medium in temperature control machine when temperature control machine maintenance, need not carry out the corresponding liquid discharge operation, improves the convenience and reliability when maintaining. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is the structural schematic diagram of energy storage equipment in example 1;

[0034] Figure 2 It is the schematic diagram of battery module in example 1;

[0035] Figure 3 It is the explosion of battery module in example 1 Figure 1 ;

[0036] Figure 4 It is the explosion of battery module in example 1 Figure 2 ;

[0037] Figure 5 It is the structural schematic diagram of the limit boss of pressure containment shell in example 1;

[0038] Figure 6 It is the connection schematic diagram of each monomer battery and electric connection component in example 1;

[0039] Figure 7 It is the structural schematic diagram of the heat exchange device of each monomer battery top in example 1;

[0040] Figure 8 Exploded view of connecting each monomer battery with sub-connection pipe in Example 1;

[0041] Figure 9 Structure view of fixing part provided on monomer battery polarity terminal in Example 1;

[0042] Figure 10 View of multiple battery clusters and temperature control system in Example 1;

[0043] Figure 11 Structure view of heat delivery unit and heat treatment unit in Example 1;

[0044] Figure 12 View of liquid inlet pipe assembly and liquid return pipe assembly in Example 1;

[0045] Figure 13 View of battery module and heat delivery unit in Example 1;

[0046] Figure 14 View of liquid supply pipe assembly and liquid outlet pipe assembly in Example 1;

[0047] Figure 15 Structure view of blocking joint in Example 1;

[0048] Figure 16 Structure view of heat exchange device provided on top of battery pack in Example 2 Figure 1 ;

[0049] Figure 17 Structure view of sub-heat exchange device provided on top of each monomer battery in Example 2 Figure 1 ;

[0050] Figure 18 Structure view of heat exchange device provided on top of battery pack in Example 2 Figure 2 ;

[0051] Figure 19 Structure view of sub-heat exchange device provided on top of each monomer battery in Example 2 Figure 2 ;

[0052] Figure 20 Sectional view of sub-heat exchange device including two half-pipes in Example 2;

[0053] Figure 21 Structure view of sub-heat exchange device including one half-pipe in Example 2;

[0054] Figure 22 Sectional view of monomer battery provided with sub-heat exchange device on top in Example 2 Figure 1 ;

[0055] Figure 23 Cross section of a single cell with sub heat exchanger on top for example 2 Figure 2 ;

[0056] Figure 24 Structure of a battery with heat exchanger for example 3 Figure 1 ;

[0057] Figure 25 Structure of a heat exchanger plate for example 3 Figure 1 ;

[0058] Figure 26 Structure of a battery with heat exchanger for example 3 Figure 2 ;

[0059] Figure 27 Structure of a heat exchanger plate for example 3 Figure 2 ;

[0060] Figure 28 Schematic of a heat treatment unit for example 4

[0061] Figure 29 Schematic of an insulation heat exchanger medium flow for example 4 Figure 1 ;

[0062] Figure 30 Schematic of an insulation heat exchanger medium flow for example 4 Figure 2 .

[0063] Fig. 1: battery module, 2: temperature control system, 3: heat delivery unit, 4: heat treatment unit, 11: battery pack, 12: pressure shell, 13: electrical connection assembly, 14: adapter pipe, 15: L-shaped connecting rib, 111: single battery, 112: sub-connection pipe, 113: heat exchange pipe fitting, 114: heat exchange plate, 115: first channel, 116: second channel, 117: O-shaped sealing ring, 118: explosion vent branch pipe, 119: explosion vent, 1111: polarity terminal, 1112: channel, 1113: fixed part, 1114: heat-conducting rib plate, 121: cylinder, 122: end plate, 123: explosion vent mechanism, 1211: limiting boss, 1221: first sealing plate, 1222: second sealing plate, 131: first electrical connection, 132: second electrical connection, 133: electrical connection terminal, 31: liquid inlet pipe assembly, 32: liquid return pipe assembly, 33: liquid supply pipe assembly, 34: liquid outlet pipe assembly, 35: hose, 36: quick connector, 311: first-stage liquid inlet pipe, 312: second-stage liquid inlet pipe, 313: third-stage liquid inlet pipe, 321: first-stage liquid outlet pipe, 322: second-stage liquid outlet pipe, 323: third-stage liquid outlet pipe, 331: first-stage shunt pipe, 332: second-stage shunt pipe, 333: third-stage shunt pipe, 341: first-stage flow pipe, 342: second-stage flow pipe, 343: third-stage flow pipe, 41: temperature control machine, 42: radiator, 43: control valve, 44: blocking connector, 441: connector end pipe, 442: regulating valve, 443: welding chuck. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more apparent and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor should belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0065] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be practiced without the specific details that are set forth in the following description, other implementations can be used and otherwise constructed, and one skilled in the art will appreciate the presence and availability of these and other similar modes for a variety of applications. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0066] In the description of the utility model, it is necessary to explain that the position or position relation of the terms such as top, bottom indicates the position or position relation shown in the drawing, and is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and is not for indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a particular position, structure and operation, therefore it can not be understood as the limitation of the utility model.In addition, the terms "first, second, third, etc." are only for the purpose of description, and can not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0067] The utility model provides a kind of energy storage equipment, which comprises at least one battery module, and the utility model is configured with heat exchange device, pressure-bearing shell and temperature control system for each battery module.When the battery module is working normally, the heat exchange device and the temperature control system control the temperature of the battery module, avoiding safety hazards of the battery module and improving the safety of the battery module during use.The heat exchange device is provided with a heat exchange channel through which the insulating heat exchange medium passes.The heat exchange channel mainly exchanges heat with the polarity terminal where heat is more concentrated in each single battery, i.e., part of the structure of the polarity terminal is directly placed in the heat exchange device, so that the polarity terminal is in direct contact with the insulating heat exchange medium.Compared with the indirect heat exchange method, this direct heat exchange method has a shorter heat exchange path, and the insulating heat exchange medium directly acts on the polarity terminal of each single battery, improving the utilization efficiency of the insulating heat exchange medium, improving the heat exchange efficiency of the battery pack, effectively controlling the temperature of the battery module, avoiding performance problems and safety problems caused by excessively high or low temperature of the battery module, and reducing the probability of thermal runaway of the battery module.

[0068] To reduce the harm of battery module thermal runaway, a pressure-bearing shell that can withstand pressure is added outside each single battery.The pressure-bearing shell has a certain pressure-bearing capacity and can collect the high-temperature and high-pressure thermal runaway flue gas and electrolyte sprayed by the single battery when thermal runaway occurs, avoiding the harm caused by the leakage of high-temperature and high-pressure thermal runaway flue gas to the surrounding devices.Under the joint action of the heat exchange device, pressure-bearing shell and temperature control system, the energy storage equipment has higher safety performance.

[0069] Example 1

[0070] As Figure 1 and Figure 10As shown, the energy storage device provided by the embodiment includes a temperature control system 2 and at least one battery cluster, each battery cluster including at least one battery module 1; the number of battery modules 1 in the battery cluster is set according to the requirements of the energy storage device, and a plurality of battery modules 1 are connected in series and parallel to meet the charging and discharging requirements. In order to improve the energy density, the above-mentioned battery module 1 can be arranged in the following manner: a plurality of battery modules 1 are arranged in sequence in the horizontal direction to form a battery module unit, and then a plurality of battery module units are arranged in sequence in the vertical direction to form a battery cluster. If the energy storage device includes a plurality of battery clusters, the plurality of battery clusters can be arranged in a matrix manner. The temperature control system 2 includes a heat transfer unit 3 and a heat treatment unit 4; the heat transfer unit 3 is used to realize the delivery of the insulating heat transfer medium between the heat exchange device of each battery module and the heat treatment unit 4; the heat treatment unit 4 is used to heat or cool the insulating heat transfer medium delivered by the heat transfer unit.

[0071] As shown in Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the battery module 1 in the embodiment includes a battery pack 11 and a pressure-bearing shell 12; the pressure-bearing shell 12 is a closed pressure shell. The battery pack 11 includes a plurality of single batteries 111, the number of single batteries 111 can be adjusted according to actual requirements, and the plurality of single batteries 111 are arranged in the same direction in the pressure-bearing shell 12 and are connected in series through an electrical connection assembly 13, and at the same time, the pressure-bearing shell 12 is insulated from each single battery 111. The insulation method can specifically be to set an insulation layer on the inner wall of the pressure-bearing shell 12, or to increase an insulation layer on the shell of each single battery 111, or to increase an insulation pad between the single battery and the pressure-bearing shell 12. The pressure-bearing shell 2 is provided with a heat exchange device, which is arranged at the top of each single battery 111, and the heat exchange device is insulated from each single battery. The insulation here specifically means that the heat exchange device is insulated from the polar terminal of each single battery 111 and the part of the shell of the single battery that is in contact. The heat exchange device has a heat exchange channel through which the insulating heat transfer medium passes, and the insulating heat transfer medium in the heat exchange channel directly contacts the polar terminal 1111 of each single battery 111 for heat exchange.

[0072] The insulating heat transfer medium is introduced into the above-mentioned heat exchange channel to directly contact the polar terminal 1111, thereby realizing the temperature control of the battery pack 11. When the temperature of the battery pack 11 is higher than the set threshold, the battery pack 11 is cooled by introducing the insulating heat transfer medium with a lower temperature into the heat exchange channel; when the temperature of the battery pack 11 is lower than the set threshold, the battery pack 11 is heated by introducing the insulating heat transfer medium with a higher temperature into the heat exchange channel; by controlling the temperature of the insulating heat transfer medium, the battery pack 11 can always operate at a normal working temperature.

[0073] For the convenience of description, the arrangement direction of the single battery 111 is defined as the x direction, the height direction of the single battery 111 is defined as the z direction, and the direction perpendicular to the x direction and the z direction is defined as the y direction.

[0074] The heat exchange device and the heat exchange channel in the embodiment are realized through the following structure:

[0075] As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the heat exchange device comprises a connecting pipe assembly, the polarity terminal 1111 of each single battery 111 is provided with a channel 1112 penetrating the polarity terminal 1111 in the x direction, the connecting pipe assembly connects the channels 1112 on the polarity terminals 1111 of adjacent single batteries 111, forms a heat exchange channel, and meanwhile, the connecting pipe assembly is insulated from the polarity terminals 1111 of each single battery 111.

[0076] The polarity terminal 1111 described herein can be a single battery 111 pole, and when the height of the single battery 111 pole does not meet the set requirements, a pole adapter can also be connected to the single battery 111 pole, and the whole structure of the single battery 111 pole and the pole adapter is taken as the polarity terminal 1111 of the single battery 111. The polarity terminal 1111 in the embodiment is a single battery 111 pole, and the pole is higher than the conventional single battery 111 pole.

[0077] The shape of the polarity terminal 1111 of each single battery 111 is not limited in the embodiment, and the cross section thereof can be square or circular, etc. Meanwhile, the cross section of the channel 1112 is also not limited, and a channel 1112 with a relatively regular structure such as a circular or square cross section can be generally used. In addition, the cross section area of the channel 1112 in the embodiment is not too large, provided that the conductivity of the polarity terminal 1111 is not affected; and the cross section area of the channel 1112 is also not too small, so that the heat exchange area is too small to affect the heat exchange effect. The cross section area of the channel 1112 can be increased as much as possible provided that the conductivity of the polarity terminal 1111 is not affected, so as to increase the heat exchange area and improve the heat exchange effect.

[0078] As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, it can be seen that the connecting pipe assembly of the embodiment includes multiple sub connecting pipes 112; two ends of each sub connecting pipe 112 are connected with the channels 1112 of the polar terminals 1111 of the adjacent monomer batteries 111 on the same side, forming two heat exchange channels at the top of the battery pack 11, meanwhile, the sub connecting pipes 112 are used to connect the channels 1112 of the two polar terminals 1111 of the outermost monomer battery 111 in the battery pack 11, realizing the series connection of the two heat exchange channels, forming a U-shaped heat exchange channel, and the free ends of the channels 1112 of the two polar terminals 1111 of the other outermost monomer battery 111 (the free ends here refer to the ends of the channels 1112 without the connection of the sub connecting pipes 112) can be directly used as the two ports of the U-shaped heat exchange channel, and the two ports of the U-shaped heat exchange channel are respectively used as the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end.

[0079] In other embodiments, the two heat exchange channels can be connected in parallel, that is, the ports on one side of the two heat exchange channels are used as the liquid inlet ends, and the ports on the other side of the two heat exchange channels are used as the liquid outlet ends.

[0080] As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8 In order to facilitate the connection with the heat transport unit, the embodiment also connects an adapter pipe 14 on the channels 1112 of the polar terminals 1111 which are the liquid inlet ends and the liquid outlet ends of the heat exchange channels, and realizes the connection with the heat transport unit through the adapter pipe 14. When the adapter pipe 14 is installed, it is connected with the heat transport unit through the pressure-bearing shell 12. In order to further ensure the pressure-bearing performance of the pressure-bearing shell 12, the adapter pipe 14 is integrally connected to the end plate 122, for example, the adapter pipe 14 can be welded to the end plate 122. At the same time, the non-connection part (here, the non-connection part can be understood as the middle section of the adapter pipe 14) of the adapter pipe 14 has a certain flexibility, based on the deformation of the adapter pipe 14, the adapter pipe 14 can be connected with the end plate 122 and the polar terminal 1111 respectively, and at the same time, the adapter pipe 14 can be sealed and connected with the corresponding channels on the polar terminal 1111.

[0081] As shown in Figure 8As shown, during assembly, the two ends of the sub-connecting tube 112 are respectively inserted into the two ends of the channel 1112 of the polarity terminal 1111 of the adjacent single battery 111. When the sub-connecting tube 112 is made of a hard material, the channels 1112 on the polarity terminals 1111 of the adjacent single battery 111 must be coaxial to achieve effective connection. However, in some cases, due to manufacturing errors, it is difficult to ensure the coaxiality of the channels 1112 on the polarity terminals 1111 of adjacent single battery 111. Therefore, in this embodiment, the non-connecting portion of the sub-connecting tube 112 (herein, the non-connecting portion refers to the portion of the sub-connecting tube 112 that is not connected to the end of the channel 1112, which can also be understood as the middle section of the sub-connecting tube 112) preferably has a certain degree of flexibility. Based on the deformation of the sub-connecting tube 112, these manufacturing errors are overcome, facilitating the sealed connection between the sub-connecting tube 112 and the corresponding end of the channel 1112.

[0082] In addition, in order to make the connection between the polarity terminal 1111 of each single battery 111 and the sub-connecting tube 112 more reliable, a fixing portion 1113 may be provided on the side wall of the polarity terminal 1111. The fixing portion 1113 may specifically adopt the following structure:

[0083] First, the fixing portion 1113 is an annular boss integrally formed on the side wall of the polarity terminal 1111 and protruding from the side wall of the polarity terminal 1111. At the same time, the channel 1112 passes through the annular boss;

[0084] a. Figure 9 As shown, the annular boss includes a first annular boss, and the circumferential dimension of the outer wall of the first annular boss is adapted to the circumferential dimension of the inner wall of the sub-connecting pipe 112, that is, the circumferential dimension of the outer wall of the first annular boss is consistent with the circumferential dimension of the inner wall of the sub-connecting pipe 112, or is slightly smaller than the circumferential dimension of the inner wall of the sub-connecting pipe 112;

[0085] During connection, the sub-connecting tube 112 is sleeved on the outer wall of the first annular boss to realize the communication of the channels 1112 between the single cells 111. Specifically, during connection, the sub-connecting tube 112 can be sleeved on the first annular boss through interference fit; the fixing portion 1113 of this structure can increase the heat exchange area through which the insulating heat exchange medium passes, and at the same time, it is also convenient for quick and reliable connection with the sub-connecting tube 112.

[0086] b. The annular boss includes a second annular boss, and the inner wall circumferential dimension of the second annular boss is adapted to the outer wall circumferential dimension of the sub-connecting pipe 112, that is, the inner wall circumferential dimension of the second annular boss is consistent with the outer wall circumferential dimension of the sub-connecting pipe 112, or slightly smaller than the outer wall circumferential dimension of the sub-connecting pipe 112;

[0087] In the connection, the sub-connection pipe 112 is embedded into the inner wall of the second annular boss to realize the communication of the passages 1112 between the single batteries 111. In the connection, the sub-connection pipe 112 can be inserted into the second annular boss through interference fit.

[0088] c. The annular boss comprises a first annular boss and a second annular boss. The outer wall of the first annular boss is adapted to the inner wall of the sub-connection pipe 112 in the circumferential dimension. The inner wall of the second annular boss is adapted to the outer wall of the sub-connection pipe 112 in the circumferential dimension.

[0089] In the connection, the sub-connection pipe 112 is clamped in the annular groove between the first annular boss and the second annular boss. At this time, the inner wall of the sub-connection pipe 112 is in contact with the outer wall of the first annular boss, and the outer wall of the sub-connection pipe 112 is in contact with the inner wall of the second annular boss. The fixing part 1113 of this structure can fix the inner wall and the outer wall of the sub-connection pipe 112 at the same time, improve the stability of the connection between the sub-connection pipe 112 and the polar terminal 1111, and at the same time, the fixing part 1113 of this structure forms multiple sealing contact surfaces between the sub-connection pipe 112 and the fixing part 1113, further improving the sealing performance and reliability of the connection.

[0090] Second, the fixing part 1113 is an annular groove arranged on the side wall of the polar terminal 1111.

[0091] The shape of the annular groove is similar to that of the sub-connection pipe 112, and the groove width of the annular groove is consistent with or slightly smaller than the wall thickness of the sub-connection pipe 112. The groove width of the annular groove specifically refers to the radial dimension of the annular groove. In the connection, the end of the sub-connection pipe 112 is embedded in the annular groove. Compared with the structure of the annular boss of the fixing part 1113, the fixing part 1113 of this structure can be machined on the existing polar terminal 1111, reducing the manufacturing cost of the polar terminal 1111.

[0092] In addition, since the heat exchange channel flows with insulating heat exchange medium, the sealing performance of the entire heat exchange channel is particularly important. In order to ensure the sealing performance of the heat exchange channel, the sub-connection pipe 112 and the fixing part 1113 of the corresponding polar terminal 1111 are connected in an interference fit. In other embodiments, a sealing ring can be additionally arranged between the two to further improve the sealing performance of the connection part. When the sub-connection pipe 112 is made of metal material, the connection and sealing between the polar terminal 1111 and the sub-connection pipe 112 can also be realized by welding. However, attention should be paid to the insulation between the polar terminal 1111 and the sub-connection pipe 112.

[0093] As shown in FIG. 1, the heat exchange channel 1111 comprises a plurality of single batteries 111 connected in series. Figure 9As shown, in order to further optimize the heat exchange effect, the embodiment can also be provided with a plurality of heat-conducting rib plates 1114 in the channel 1112, the plurality of heat-conducting rib plates 1114 are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the channel 1112, and each heat-conducting rib plate 1114 extends along the axis of the channel 1112; the heat-conducting rib plate 1114 can increase the contact area of the insulating heat exchange medium with the polar terminal 1111, that is, increase the heat exchange area, and thus can effectively improve the heat exchange effect. In other embodiments, according to the size of the channel 1112, the number of heat-conducting rib plates 1114 and the arrangement mode thereof can be adjusted, under the premise that the flow of the insulating heat exchange medium is not affected.

[0094] It should be noted that:

[0095] 1. Since the polar terminal 1111 of the utility model directly contacts with the insulating heat exchange medium, the ideal insulating heat exchange medium should have good insulation, high specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity, good flame retardant performance, low cost, suitable working temperature, long service life, non-corrosive and other characteristics. In the utility model, the insulating heat exchange medium is the common insulating heat exchange medium in the prior art, which can be but is not limited to insulating oil and fluorinated liquid.

[0096] 2. Since the above-mentioned sub-connection pipe 112 directly contacts with the polar terminal 1111, the sub-connection pipe 112 and the two polar terminals 1111 connected thereto must be insulated, and the insulation can usually be realized in the following ways:

[0097] 2.1. Selecting the sub-connection pipe 112 of insulating material;

[0098] 2.2. The sub-connection pipe 112 of non-insulating material can be insulated, for example, the pipe wall of the sub-connection pipe 112 can be insulated by spraying insulating paint, wrapping insulating film, etc.; the inner wall of the channel 1112 connected with the sub-connection pipe 112 can also be insulated, for example, by spraying insulating paint, etc.; an insulating sleeve can also be added between the sub-connection pipe 112 and the channel 1112; of course, in order to be safe, multiple insulation methods can be combined to realize the insulation between the sub-connection pipe 112 and the polar terminal 1111 of the first channel 1112.

[0099] 2.3. If the pressure shell 12 is made of metal material, the insulation between the adapter pipe 14 and the polar terminal 1111 also needs to be realized, and the corresponding insulation treatment can be realized by adopting a similar insulation method as the sub-connection pipe 112.

[0100] When assembling the battery pack 11, the connection pipe assembly is used to connect the channels 1112 on the polar terminals 1111 of each single battery 111, and then the electrical connection assembly 13 is used to realize the electrical connection between each single battery 111. For example, Figure 6As shown, the electric connection assembly 13 in the embodiment includes first electric connection pieces 131 and second electric connection pieces 132, the first electric connection pieces 131 are used to realize the series connection between the single batteries 111 in the battery pack 11, and the second electric connection pieces 132 realize the electric connection between the battery pack 11 and external devices. The single batteries 111 in the battery pack 11 can be connected in series by the following way:

[0101] First, the positive polarity terminals 1111 of the single batteries 111 are all located on the same side, and the negative polarity terminals 1111 are all located on the other side. The polarity terminals 1111 of different polarity of adjacent single batteries 111 are electrically connected by the first electric connection pieces 131 arranged obliquely. One of the polarity terminals of the first and last single batteries 111 is connected with one of the second electric connection pieces 132, and the two second electric connection pieces 132 pass through the pressure bearing shell 11 and are used as the electric connection terminals 133 (the two electric connection terminals 133 are used as the total positive and total negative of the battery pack) connected with the outside.

[0102] Second, the polarity terminals 1111 of different polarity of adjacent single batteries 111 are located on the same side, that is, the positive polarity terminal of one of the adjacent single batteries 111 and the negative polarity terminal of the other single battery 111 are located on the same side of the battery pack 11. At this time, the polarity terminals of different polarity of adjacent single batteries 111 are opposite in polarity, and the polarity terminals of different polarity of adjacent single batteries 111 are electrically connected by the first electric connection pieces 131 arranged along the arrangement direction of the single batteries. One of the polarity terminals of the first and last single batteries is connected with one of the second electric connection pieces 132, and the two second electric connection pieces 132 pass through the pressure bearing shell 11 and are used as the electric connection terminals 133 (the two electric connection terminals 133 are used as the total positive and total negative of the battery pack) connected with the outside.

[0103] The first electric connection pieces 131 are generally electric connection plates. When the electric connection plates are electrically connected with the polarity terminals 1111 of the single batteries 111, the electric connection plates can be welded on the polarity terminals 1111 of the single batteries 111, or the electric connection plates can be fixed on the polarity terminals 1111 of the single batteries 111 by screws to realize the electrical connection.

[0104] The second electric connection pieces 132 are two, which are electrically connected with the polarity terminals 1111 of the single batteries 111 at both ends of the battery pack 11, and then the two second electric connection pieces 132 pass through the pressure bearing shell 12 and are used as the electric connection terminals 133 connected with the outside of the entire battery pack 11. The pressure bearing shell 12 is provided with through holes through which the second electric connection pieces 132 pass. After the second electric connection pieces 132 pass through the pressure bearing shell 12, the second electric connection pieces 132 are used as the electric connection terminals 133 for electrically connecting the entire battery pack 11 with external devices.

[0105] When the second electrical connecting member 132 passes through the pressure bearing shell 12 as an externally connected electrical connecting terminal 133, insulation needs to be achieved between the second electrical connecting member 132 and the pressure bearing shell 12. Specifically, the non-electrically connecting part of the second electrical connecting member 132 can be insulated, for example, by spraying insulating paint, wrapping insulating film, etc. The inner wall of the through hole of the pressure bearing shell 12 can also be insulated, for example, by spraying insulating paint, etc. An insulating sleeve can also be added between the pressure bearing shell 12 and the second electrical connecting member 132. Of course, for safety, multiple insulation methods can be combined to achieve insulation between the second electrical connecting member 132 and the pressure bearing shell 12.

[0106] As shown in Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the pressure bearing shell 12 in the embodiment is a closed pressure shell, which mainly integrates and installs the battery pack 11 and also protects the safety of the battery pack 11. Unlike the general shell of the battery pack 11, the pressure bearing shell 12 in the utility model is a closed pressure shell that can withstand a certain pressure. When the thermal runaway of each single battery 111 occurs, the pressure bearing shell 12 can ensure that the thermal runaway flue gas does not leak from the pressure bearing shell 12, thereby avoiding harm to the devices near the battery module. The shape and size of the pressure bearing shell 12 can be designed according to the application scenario of the battery module to facilitate placement. The structure of the pressure bearing shell is as follows:

[0107] As shown in Figure 4 , the pressure bearing shell 12 is a rectangular shell, which includes a cylinder 121 with an open top and a top plate sealingly arranged at the open top end of the cylinder. After the battery pack 11 is placed in the cylinder, the top plate is sealingly fixed (welded) to the open top end of the cylinder. This kind of structure of the pressure bearing shell 12 has good pressure bearing performance. The cylinder can be integrally formed, so that the cylinder has good pressure resistance. In addition, the open-top structure facilitates the assembly of the top heat exchange channel of the battery pack 11 and the electrical connection of each single battery 111.

[0108] As shown in Figure 3 , the pressure bearing shell 12 is a rectangular shell, which includes a cylinder 121 with an open top and a top plate sealingly arranged at the open top end of the cylinder. After the battery pack 11 is placed in the cylinder, the top plate is sealingly fixed (welded) to the open top end of the cylinder. This kind of structure of the pressure bearing shell 12 has good pressure bearing performance. The cylinder can be integrally formed, so that the cylinder has good pressure resistance. In addition, the open-top structure facilitates the assembly of the top heat exchange channel of the battery pack 11 and the electrical connection of each single battery 111.

[0109] As shown in Figure 5As shown, the top plate of the barrel 121 is provided with a limiting boss 1211 for limiting the height of each single battery 111. The limiting boss 1211 limits each single battery 111 in the z direction, so that each single battery 111 is stably and reliably installed in the pressure-bearing shell 12, improves the stability of each single battery 111 in the pressure-bearing shell 12, avoids the shaking and friction between the battery pack 11 and the pressure-bearing shell 12 during transportation or in a moving environment, and reduces the probability of thermal runaway of the battery pack 11.

[0110] As shown in the figure, Figure 3 The end plate 122 is mainly used to seal the open end of the barrel 121, and is provided with an explosion venting mechanism 123. The thermal runaway smoke in the pressure-bearing shell 12 is discharged out of the pressure-bearing shell 12 through the explosion venting mechanism 123. The end plate 122 in this embodiment includes a first sealing plate 1221 and a second sealing plate 1222. By adjusting the size of the second sealing plate 1222 in the x direction, the end plate 122 can clamp all single batteries 111 in the x direction, prevent each single battery 111 from swelling, and improve the stability of each single battery 111 in the pressure-bearing shell 12. In other embodiments, the end plate 122 can also be realized by one sealing plate. The end plate 122 of this structure has relatively weak pressure-bearing performance compared with the double-sealing-plate structure of the end plate 122.

[0111] In addition, in order to improve the pressure-bearing capacity of the entire pressure-bearing shell, two electric connection terminals 133 can be additionally fixed on the pressure-bearing shell as the total positive and total negative of the battery pack. The two second electric connection pieces 132 are respectively and correspondingly electrically connected with the two electric connection terminals 133. When the electric connection terminals 133 are arranged on the end plate 122 of the pressure-bearing shell, the second electric connection piece 132 needs to have a certain flexibility and can be bent in the pressure-bearing shell. During assembly, the second electric connection piece 132 is first electrically connected with the single battery polarity terminal, and then the end plate 122 is placed near the open end of the barrel, and the second electric connection piece 132 is correspondingly electrically connected with the two electric connection terminals 133. Since the second electric connection piece 132 is a flexible piece and can be bent in the pressure-bearing shell, the sealing connection between the end plate 122 and the barrel 121 can be finally performed after the second electric connection piece 132 is connected with the electric connection terminal 133.

[0112] When the battery module is assembled, first, the plurality of single batteries 111 are arranged in the same direction, the connecting pipe assembly connects the channels 1112 on the polarity terminals 1111 of the adjacent single batteries 111 to form a heat exchange channel; then, the electrical connection assembly 13 is used to realize the electrical connection between the single batteries 111; secondly, the entire battery pack is pushed into the inner cavity of the cylinder body 121 from the side of the cylinder body 121, the connection of the adapter pipe 14, the second electrical connection piece 132 and the two side end plates is performed, after the insulation and sealing connection of the adapter pipe 14, the second electrical connection piece 132 and the end plate 122 is performed, finally, the end plate 122 and the cylinder body 121 are sealingly connected.

[0113] As shown in Figure 2 In order to further improve the safety of the battery module 1, the pressure-bearing shell 12 is provided with a pressure relief mechanism 123, and the thermal runaway flue gas in the pressure-bearing shell 12 is discharged out of the pressure-bearing shell 12 through the pressure relief mechanism 123. The pressure relief mechanism 123 specifically includes a pressure relief pipe and a pressure relief part, the pressure relief pipe is connected with the pressure relief port of the pressure-bearing shell 12, and the pressure relief part is arranged on the pressure relief pipe or the pressure relief port of the pressure-bearing shell 12. The pressure relief part can be a pressure relief membrane or a pressure relief valve. The pressure relief mechanism 123 can ensure that when the single battery 111 in the pressure-bearing shell 12 is in thermal runaway, the thermal runaway flue gas in the pressure-bearing shell 12 can be discharged in an orderly manner, avoiding the safety hazards such as explosion in the pressure-bearing shell 12 of the battery module 1.

[0114] The heat exchange device of the battery module 1 is mainly used for heat exchange with each single battery, and the insulation heat exchange medium is arranged in the heat exchange device. After the insulation heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the battery module 1, the insulation heat exchange medium is transported to the heat treatment unit 4 through the heat transport unit 3, thereby improving the safety of the battery module 1.

[0115] The heat transport unit 3 in the embodiment is used to realize the transportation of the insulation heat exchange medium between the heat exchange device of each battery module and the heat treatment unit 4. The heat transport unit 3 includes a liquid supply pipe assembly 33, a liquid outlet pipe assembly 34, a liquid inlet pipe assembly 31 and a liquid return pipe assembly 32. The liquid supply pipe assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipe assembly 34 are mainly used to realize the transportation of the insulation heat exchange medium between the heat treatment unit 4 and each battery cluster, and the liquid inlet pipe assembly 31 and the liquid return pipe assembly 32 are used to realize the transportation of the insulation heat exchange medium in each battery cluster.

[0116] During operation, the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 transports the insulating heat exchange medium from the heat treatment unit 4 to each battery cluster, while the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 collects the insulating heat exchange medium from each battery cluster back to the heat treatment unit 4. The number of liquid inlet pipeline assemblies 31 and liquid return pipeline assemblies 32 matches the number of battery clusters. Within each battery cluster, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 distributes the insulating heat exchange medium from the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 to multiple battery modules 1, while the liquid return pipeline assembly 32 collects the insulating heat exchange medium from multiple battery modules 1 back to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34. The insulating heat exchange medium forms a circulation loop with the heat treatment unit 4 through the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33, liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34, liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31, and liquid return pipeline assembly 32, thereby controlling the temperature of the battery modules 1 within each battery cluster.

[0117] The pipeline arrangement of the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 is described in detail below.

[0118] If the number of battery clusters in the energy storage device is one, the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 are both single pipelines, which are respectively connected to the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31, the liquid return pipeline assembly 32 and the heat treatment unit 4 to realize the transportation of the insulating heat exchange medium.

[0119] If the number of battery clusters in the energy storage device is N, where N is greater than 1, and the N battery clusters are arranged in a matrix, then the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 are both combinations of multiple pipelines, and the corresponding pipeline layout is performed according to the arrangement of the battery clusters. The specific arrangement is as follows:

[0120] First, the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 include N liquid supply pipelines and N liquid outlet pipelines; the N liquid supply pipelines are connected one by one to the liquid inlet pipeline assemblies 31 in the N battery clusters, and the other ends are connected to the heat treatment unit 4; the N liquid outlet pipelines are connected one by one to the liquid return pipeline assemblies 32 in the N battery clusters, and the other ends are connected to the heat treatment unit 4. That is, each battery cluster is connected to the heat treatment unit 4 using an independent pipeline. This pipeline arrangement requires a large number of pipelines to be installed and manufactured. At the same time, the heat treatment unit 4 needs to be provided with N liquid inlets and N liquid outlets, making the structure of the heat treatment unit 4 relatively complex;

[0121] Second, if Figure 11 As shown, the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 includes a primary diverter pipe 331, a secondary diverter pipe 332, and a tertiary diverter pipe 333; the inlet of the primary diverter pipe 331 is used to connect to the heat treatment unit 4; the secondary diverter pipe 332 is used to divert the insulating heat exchange medium in the primary diverter pipe 331 to different columns or rows of battery clusters, and the tertiary diverter pipe 333 is used to divert the insulating heat exchange medium in the secondary diverter pipe 332 to the same column or row of battery clusters;

[0122] The liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 includes a primary converging pipe 341, a secondary converging pipe 342 and a tertiary converging pipe 343; the tertiary converging pipe 343 is used to converge the insulating heat exchange medium in the battery clusters in the same column or row into the secondary converging pipe 342; the secondary diversion pipe 332 is used to converge the insulating heat exchange medium in different columns or rows of battery clusters into the primary converging pipe 341; the outlet of the primary converging pipe 341 is used to connect to the heat treatment unit 4.

[0123] The liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 are manufactured using multi-stage piping, allowing the insulating heat exchange medium flowing out of the heat treatment unit 4 to be divided and evenly distributed to each battery cluster step by step. This balances the flow of insulating heat exchange medium allocated to each battery cluster, ensuring that each battery cluster and each battery module 1 within the battery cluster has a good and balanced heat dissipation effect, thereby improving the operating stability and service life of the energy storage device. At the same time, the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 are manufactured using multi-stage piping, so that the heat treatment unit 4 only needs to be provided with a single liquid inlet and a single liquid outlet, resulting in a relatively simple structure of the heat treatment unit 4. Furthermore, the entire pipeline is also relatively convenient to manufacture and install.

[0124] In this embodiment, a water supply joint may be provided on the first-level diversion pipe 331 for replenishing the insulating heat exchange medium to the temperature control system. An exhaust valve is provided on the first-level confluence pipe 341 for exhausting the air in the temperature control system. The water supply joint and the exhaust valve work together to enable the temperature control system to efficiently control the temperature of each battery module 1, thereby improving the temperature control effect of the temperature control system.

[0125] After the insulating heat exchange medium processed by the heat treatment unit 4 is distributed by the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 to multiple battery clusters, each battery cluster then uses the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 32 to transport the insulating heat exchange medium to each battery module 1 within the battery cluster. The following describes the piping layout of the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 32 in detail.

[0126] The liquid inlet pipe assembly 31 and the liquid return pipe assembly 32 are installed and manufactured according to the number and arrangement of the battery modules 1 in the battery cluster. In this embodiment, multiple battery modules 1 are arranged in sequence in the horizontal direction to form a battery module unit. Subsequently, multiple battery module units are arranged in sequence in the vertical direction to form a battery cluster. In this case, the liquid inlet pipe assembly 31 and the liquid return pipe assembly 32 can be manufactured in the following manner:

[0127] like Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31, the liquid return pipeline assembly 32 and the heat exchange device are manufactured and installed separately, and the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 32 are manufactured through multi-stage pipelines.

[0128] The liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 specifically comprises a first liquid inlet pipeline 311, second liquid inlet pipelines 312, and third liquid inlet pipelines 313. The liquid inlet port of the first liquid inlet pipeline 311 is configured to be connected with the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33. The second liquid inlet pipelines 312 are connected with the first liquid inlet pipeline 311, and each second liquid inlet pipeline 312 provides the insulation heat exchange medium to each battery module unit, that is, the second liquid inlet pipelines 312 divide the insulation heat exchange medium in the first liquid inlet pipeline 311 into the battery module units. The third liquid inlet pipelines 313 are connected with the second liquid inlet pipelines 312, and each third liquid inlet pipeline 313 is connected with the adapter pipe 14 at the heat exchange device liquid inlet end of each battery module 1. Each third liquid inlet pipeline 313 provides the insulation heat exchange medium to each battery module 1, that is, the third liquid inlet pipelines 313 divide the insulation heat exchange medium in the second liquid inlet pipelines 312 into the battery modules 1.

[0129] The liquid return pipeline assembly 32 comprises first liquid outlet pipelines 321, second liquid outlet pipelines 322, and third liquid outlet pipelines 323. Each third liquid outlet pipeline 323 is connected with the adapter pipe 14 at the heat exchange device liquid outlet end of each battery module 1, and the third liquid outlet pipelines 323 are connected with the second liquid outlet pipelines 322. The third liquid outlet pipelines 323 gather the insulation heat exchange medium after heat exchange of the battery modules 1 into the second liquid outlet pipelines 322. Each second liquid outlet pipeline 322 is connected with the first liquid outlet pipeline 321, and the second liquid outlet pipelines 322 gather the insulation heat exchange medium after heat exchange of the battery module units into the first liquid outlet pipeline 321. The first liquid outlet pipeline 321 is connected with the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34.

[0130] As shown in Figure 13 The third liquid inlet pipelines 313 and the third liquid outlet pipelines 323 can be flexible pipelines, which are specifically made of metal bellows. The flexible pipelines reduce the installation error with the battery modules 1, reduce the installation requirements on site, and further increase the installation convenience of the temperature control pipeline assembly.

[0131] The liquid inlet pipeline assembly 31 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 32 are made of multi-stage pipelines, so that the insulation heat exchange medium flowing out of the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 is divided and distributed to the battery modules 1 in stages, and the insulation heat exchange medium distributed to the battery modules 1 is balanced, so that each battery module 1 in the battery cluster has a good and balanced heat dissipation effect, thereby improving the working stability and service life of the energy storage equipment.

[0132] As shown in Figure 13As shown, the above-mentioned secondary liquid inlet pipe 312 and secondary liquid outlet pipe 322 can be spliced by multiple sections of pipe, that is, the secondary liquid inlet pipe 312 and the secondary liquid outlet pipe 322 can be spliced by multiple sections of pipe and a three-way joint. This kind of spliced connection reduces the error and assembly difficulty when connecting each pipe, and is very convenient to install and disassemble. At the same time, when subsequent maintenance is required, only the pipe connector of the related battery module 1 needs to be removed for maintenance, without the need to disassemble the entire temperature control pipe assembly, which is convenient for installation and maintenance.

[0133] As shown in Figure 12 , in order to further facilitate connection, the secondary liquid outlet pipe 322 is connected to the primary liquid outlet pipe 321 by using a quick plug connector 36 and a hose 35. The hose 35 reduces the installation error when connecting the secondary liquid outlet pipe 322 and the primary liquid outlet pipe 321, reduces the installation requirements on site, and further increases the installation convenience of the temperature control pipe assembly. The quick plug connector 36 can realize quick installation of the secondary liquid outlet pipe 322 and the primary liquid outlet pipe 321, and can be directly plugged and unplugged without the need for tools, which can improve the convenience of installation or disassembly. In addition, the quick plug connector 36 also has a bidirectional self-sealing function, which can automatically cut off the flow of liquid during plugging and unplugging of the quick plug connector 36, so that the battery module 1 and the pipe assembly do not need to be emptied of the insulating heat exchange medium in the pipes during maintenance, improving the convenience of maintenance and the dismountability of the pipes, facilitating subsequent maintenance and replacement of the main pipe.

[0134] As shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11 , when the liquid supply pipe assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipe assembly 34, the liquid inlet pipe assembly 31 and the liquid return pipe assembly 32 are arranged in the energy storage device, the liquid supply pipe assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipe assembly 34 are located at the top of the battery cluster. This kind of arrangement occupies less installation space, so that the integration of the pipe assembly is high. The liquid inlet pipe assembly 31 and the liquid return pipe assembly 32 are located on the same side of the battery cluster, which improves the connectability of the entire liquid inlet pipe assembly 31 and the liquid return pipe assembly 32 and the compactness of the pipe arrangement, avoids pipe stacking and crossing, increases the inconvenience of connection, and improves the installation and layout convenience.

[0135] As shown in Figure 14 , during specific installation, the primary liquid inlet pipe 311 and the primary liquid outlet pipe 321 are located on both sides of the battery module 1. Meanwhile, there are multiple battery clusters, and in the same row of battery clusters, the primary liquid outlet pipes 321 of adjacent battery clusters can share one pipe. This kind of arrangement can reduce the number of pipes and also omit the third merging pipe 343 in the liquid outlet pipe assembly 34, so that the liquid outlet pipe assembly 34 and the liquid return pipe assembly 32 are more convenient to set.

[0136] In addition, all or part of the pipes of the liquid supply pipe assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipe assembly 34, the liquid inlet pipe assembly 31, and the liquid return pipe assembly 32 are provided with a heat preservation layer, which can effectively prevent the loss of cold or heat of the insulation heat exchange medium, reduce energy consumption, and avoid condensation on the pipe wall of each pipe. At the same time, the diameter of each pipe gradually decreases from the heat treatment unit 4 to the battery module, that is, the pipe diameter of the first shunt pipe 331 > the pipe diameter of the second shunt pipe 332 > the pipe diameter of the third shunt pipe 333 > the pipe diameter of the first liquid inlet pipe 311 > the pipe diameter of the second liquid inlet pipe 312 > the pipe diameter of the third liquid inlet pipe 313, and the pipe diameter of the first shunt pipe 341 > the pipe diameter of the second shunt pipe 342 > the pipe diameter of the third shunt pipe 343 > the pipe diameter of the first liquid outlet pipe 321 > the pipe diameter of the second liquid outlet pipe 322 > the pipe diameter of the third liquid outlet pipe 323. This arrangement makes the flow deviation of the insulation heat exchange medium for heat exchange with each battery module 1 smaller, reduces the temperature difference of the battery module, and improves the service life of the battery module.

[0137] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 , the heat treatment unit 4 in the embodiment includes a temperature control machine 41, which is used to heat or cool the insulation heat exchange medium (which can be water, ethylene glycol / water, propylene glycol / water, methanol / water, ethanol / water, calcium formate / water, etc.). The temperature control machine 41 is a device with heating and / or cooling functions, such as a cooling and heating machine or a water chiller, which is used to heat or cool the insulation heat exchange medium delivered by the heat delivery unit 3.

[0138] As shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11 , the temperature control machine 41 is generally provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, and the temperature control machine 41 is connected with the liquid supply pipe assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipe assembly 34 through the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet. At this time, in order to facilitate maintenance, the temperature control machine 41 is provided with a blocking joint 44 on the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet, which can block the insulation heat exchange medium in the temperature control machine 41 when the temperature control machine 41 is installed and removed.

[0139] As shown in Figure 15As shown, the above-mentioned blocking joint 44 includes a joint end pipe 441, an adjusting valve 442 and two welding chucks 443; one end of the adjusting valve 442 is connected with the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 through the welding chuck 443, and the other end is connected with the joint end pipe 441 through the welding chuck 443, and the joint end pipe 441 is used to connect with the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the temperature control machine 41. The adjusting valve 442 can be a butterfly valve. When the temperature control machine 41 is normally working, the adjusting valve 442 is in a normally open state, and the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 are in a normal flow state with the insulating heat exchange medium in the temperature control machine 41. When the temperature control machine 41 needs to be disassembled and repaired, the adjusting valve 442 is closed, and the blocking joint 44 blocks the inflow and outflow of the insulating heat exchange medium in the temperature control machine 41. At this time, the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 are in a disconnected state with the insulating heat exchange medium in the temperature control machine 41, and then the temperature control machine 41 can be directly disassembled with the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34 without the need for corresponding liquid discharge operation, thereby improving the convenience and reliability during maintenance.

[0140] Embodiment 2

[0141] The energy storage device in this embodiment is similar in structure to the energy storage device in Embodiment 1. The heat exchange device of the battery module in this embodiment is different from that in Embodiment 1. The heat exchange device in the battery module in this embodiment is realized through the following structure:

[0142] As shown in Figure 16 and Figure 18 , the heat exchange device in this embodiment includes a plurality of sub-heat exchange devices. The top of each monomer battery 111 is respectively provided with a sub-heat exchange device. The sub-heat exchange devices of adjacent monomer batteries are communicated to form a heat exchange channel. The polarity terminal 1111 of each monomer battery 111 is electrically connected with the electrical connection assembly 13 after penetrating the sub-heat exchange device at the top thereof in the z direction. Part of the structure of the polarity terminal 1111 of the monomer battery 111 is located in the heat exchange channel and directly contacts with the insulating heat exchange medium. The sub-heat exchange device is insulated from the adjacent monomer battery 111. Here, the insulation refers to the insulation of the part of the sub-heat exchange device contacting with the polarity terminal of each monomer battery 111 and the shell of each monomer battery. After the battery pack 11 is constructed based on such monomer batteries 111, the sub-heat exchange devices of each monomer battery 111 can be communicated to form a heat exchange channel at the top of the battery module, and the battery module is heat exchanged.

[0143] The specific structure of the sub-heat exchange device in this embodiment is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0144] a、As shown in Figure 16 and Figure 17As shown, the sub-heat exchange device includes two heat exchange tubes 113 arranged along the y direction. Each heat exchange tube 113 is provided with a first channel 115 and a second channel 116. The first channel 115 extends along the x direction. The second channel 116 extends along the z direction and is connected to the first channel 115. The two polarity terminals 1111 of each single battery 111 pass through the second channels 116 on the two heat exchange tubes 113 respectively, and are electrically connected to the electrical connection assembly 13. The two ends of the second channel 116 are sealed from the polarity terminals 1111.

[0145] b. Figure 18 and Figure 19 As shown, the sub-heat exchange device includes a heat exchange tube 113. Each heat exchange tube 113 is provided with a first channel 115 and two second channels 116 arranged along the y direction. The first channel 115 is continuous along the x direction. The second channel 116 is continuous along the z direction and connected to the first channel 115. The two polarity terminals 1111 of each single battery 111 pass through the two second channels 116 on the heat exchange tube 113 to achieve electrical connection with the electrical connection assembly 13. The two ends of the second channel 116 are sealed from the polarity terminals 1111.

[0146] c. Figure 20 As shown, the sub-heat exchange device includes two heat exchange pipes 113 arranged along the y direction. The heat exchange pipes 113 are half-tubes. The half-tubes herein can be understood as being divided into two halves along the axial direction of the entire pipe, with each half being a half-tube. The half-tubes are buckled and sealed and fixed to the upper cover plate of the single battery 111. Each heat exchange pipe 113 is provided with a first channel 115 and a second channel 116. The first channel 115 passes through in the x direction; the second channel 116 passes through in the z direction and is connected to the first channel 115. The two polarity terminals 1111 of each single battery 111 pass through the second channels 116 on the two heat exchange pipes 113 respectively, and are electrically connected to the electrical connection assembly 13. A seal is formed between one end of the second channel 116 and the polarity terminal 1111.

[0147] d. Figure 21 As shown, the sub-heat exchange device includes a heat exchange pipe 113, which is a half-tube. The half-tube is buckled and sealed on the upper cover of the single battery 111. Each heat exchange pipe 113 is provided with a first channel 115 and two second channels 116 arranged along the y direction; the first channel 115 is connected along the x direction; the second channel 116 is connected along the z direction and is connected to the first channel 115; the two polarity terminals 1111 of each single battery 111 pass through the two second channels 116 on the heat exchange pipe 113 respectively, and are electrically connected to the electrical connection component 13, and a port of the second channel 116 is sealed from the polarity terminal 1111.

[0148] When the battery pack 11 is installed, the heat exchange pipes 113 of adjacent single batteries 111 are communicated with each other, the cavities of the communicated sub heat exchange devices are used as heat exchange channels, and heat exchange between the single batteries 111 is realized. The cross-sectional shape of the heat exchange pipe 113 is not limited in the utility model, and the heat exchange pipe 113 in the embodiment is arranged on the top of the single battery 111 in a planar shape. Considering the structural regularity, the heat exchange pipe 113 in the embodiment is a rectangular pipe or a rectangular half pipe. In other embodiments, a circular pipe or a pipe with other structures can also be used.

[0149] The first channel 115 is a channel 1112 arranged along the length direction of the heat exchange pipe 113. The two end ports of the first channel 115 are used as the inlet end and the outlet end of the heat exchange pipe 113. Sealing plates can also be fixed at the two end ports of the first channel 115, and openings are arranged on the sealing plates and used as the inlet end and the outlet end of the heat exchange plate 114.

[0150] The second channel 116 is used for the partial structure of the polarity terminal 1111 to pass through. In the embodiment, the second channel 116 is perpendicular to the first channel 115. In addition, in the z direction (the height direction of the single battery 111), the size of the second channel 116 is smaller than the size of the corresponding polarity terminal 1111, so that the top of the polarity terminal 1111 can extend out of the second channel 116 as an electrical connection part.

[0151] The port shape of the second channel 116 in the embodiment is matched with the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 1111. The shape of the port of the second channel 116 is circular, the cross section of the polarity terminal 1111 is also circular, and the diameter of the two ports of the second channel 116 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the polarity terminal 1111. In other embodiments, the shape of the two ports of the second channel 116 can be different from the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 1111, as long as the polarity terminal 1111 can be inserted into the second channel 116 and can be sealed.

[0152] When the battery module is constructed, the heat exchange pipes 113 of the single batteries 111 on the same side can be communicated, two heat exchange channels are formed on the top of the battery pack 11, the two heat exchange channels can be connected in parallel or in series, and the heat exchange of the battery pack 11 is realized based on the two heat exchange channels.

[0153] The specific communication of each sub heat exchange device can be connected with a connecting pipe section at the inlet end or outlet end of the heat exchange pipe 113. Taking the inlet end as an example, the connecting pipe section of one of the heat exchange pipes 113 can be inserted into the outlet end of another heat exchange pipe 113 to realize the communication of the adjacent two heat exchange pipes 113, and the connection position of the connecting pipe section and another heat exchange pipe 113 needs to be sealed. In addition, the inlet and outlet of each heat exchange pipe 113 can be provided with a connecting pipe section. The connecting pipe section of one of the adjacent two heat exchange pipes 113 is sealed and inserted with the connecting pipe section of another heat exchange pipe 113.

[0154] In addition, since the heat exchange pipe 113 flows with insulating heat exchange medium, the sealing performance of the heat exchange pipe 113 is particularly important. In order to ensure the sealing performance of the heat exchange pipe 113, as shown in Figure 22 and Figure 23 , two annular grooves extending along the circumferential direction are formed on each polar terminal 1111, the two annular grooves are arranged along the z direction, and O-shaped sealing rings 117 are embedded in the two annular grooves. The outer circles of the two O-shaped sealing rings 117 are pressed against the two ports of the second channel 116, realizing sealing while improving the stability of the heat exchange pipe 113.

[0155] In other embodiments, when the heat exchange pipe 113 is made of metal, the sealing of the polar terminal 1111 and the top port of the second channel 116 can be realized by welding (the top port mentioned here is the port close to the electrical connection part of the polar terminal 1111, and the welding method can further improve the stability of the heat exchange pipe 113 on the polar terminal 1111); an insulating pad is added between the heat exchange pipe 113 and the top of the single battery 111 to realize the insulation between the heat exchange pipe 113 and the top of the single battery 111.

[0156] In order to facilitate connection with the heat transport unit, the free end of the polar terminal 1111 channel 1112, which is the inlet and outlet of the heat exchange channel, is connected with an adapter pipe 14. The adapter pipe 14 is connected with the heat transport unit through the adapter pipe 14. When the adapter pipe 14 is installed, it is connected with the heat transport unit by penetrating the pressure-bearing shell 12. In order to further ensure the pressure-bearing performance of the pressure-bearing shell 12, the adapter pipe 14 is integrally formed on the pressure-bearing shell 12, for example, the adapter pipe 14 can be welded on the pressure-bearing shell 12. At the same time, the non-connected part of the adapter pipe 14 is preferably flexible. Based on the deformation of the adapter pipe 14, the adapter pipe 14 can be connected with the pressure-bearing shell 12 and the polar terminal 1111 respectively, and the adapter pipe 14 can be sealed and connected with the corresponding channel 1112 port.

[0157] Meanwhile, the polar terminal 1111 of the single battery 111 in the embodiment is provided with a structure for increasing the heat exchange area of the polar terminal, for the convenience of description, the structure for increasing the heat exchange area of the polar terminal is collectively referred to as a functional structure; when the polar terminal 1111 of each single battery 111 penetrates the heat exchange device, the part of the polar terminal 1111 provided with the functional structure is located in the heat exchange device and directly contacts the insulating heat exchange medium. After the battery module 1 is constructed based on such single battery 111, the heat exchange area of the polar terminal 1111 and the insulating heat exchange medium can be increased, and thus the heat exchange effect of the insulating heat exchange medium and the battery module 1 is improved. The functional structure on the polar terminal 1111 can adopt the following structures:

[0158] First, the functional structure includes at least one first annular groove opened in the side surface of the polar terminal 1111, and a plurality of first annular grooves are arranged along the height direction of the polar terminal 1111, and each first annular groove extends along the circumference of the side surface of the polar terminal 1111. On the premise of not affecting the electrical conductivity of the polar terminal 1111, the number and dimensions such as groove width and groove depth of the first annular groove can be adjusted according to requirements. Based on the first annular groove, the heat exchange area of the part of the polar terminal 1111 can be increased, and after the part is located in the inner cavity of the heat exchange device, the polar terminal 1111 with the first annular groove has a larger heat exchange area than the polar terminal 1111 with a smooth side surface, and thus a better heat exchange effect can be obtained;

[0159] Second, the functional structure includes point-shaped pits, protrusions and the like located in the side surface of the polar terminal 1111, and based on the point-shaped pits and protrusions, the heat exchange area of the part of the polar terminal 1111 can be increased, and after the part is located in the inner cavity of the heat exchange device, the polar terminal 1111 with the point-shaped pits and protrusions has a larger heat exchange area than the polar terminal 1111 with a smooth side surface, and thus a better heat exchange effect can be obtained;

[0160] Third, the functional structure includes a through hole opened in the polar terminal 1111 and penetrating the polar terminal 1111, on the premise of not affecting the electrical conductivity of the polar terminal 1111, the cross-sectional area of the through hole is increased as much as possible to increase the heat exchange area and improve the heat exchange effect; on the premise of not affecting the electrical conductivity of the polar terminal 1111, two or more through holes can also be opened.

[0161] It should be noted that:

[0162] After the heat exchange pipe 113 contacts the top of the single battery or the polar terminal 1111, a short circuit may be caused, and at this time, insulation between the heat exchange pipe 113 and the top of the single battery or the polar terminal 1111 needs to be realized, and the following methods can be used to realize the insulation:

[0163] 2.1, selecting a heat exchange pipe 113 made of insulating material;

[0164] 2.2, select the connecting pipe section of insulating material;

[0165] 2.3, the heat exchange pipe 113 of non-insulating material can be insulated, such as spraying insulating paint, wrapping insulation film, etc., to overcome the problem; it can also be added between the heat exchange pipe 113 and the polarity terminal 1111, the top of the single battery 111, and the insulating sealing pad to overcome the problem; of course, in order to be safe, multiple insulation methods can be combined to overcome the problem;

[0166] As shown in Figure 22 In order to further improve the stability of the heat exchange pipe 113 on the single battery 111, the embodiment can add an L-shaped connecting rib 15 between the heat exchange pipe 113 and the single battery 111 cylinder 121. The horizontal plate of the L-shaped connecting rib 15 is fixedly connected with the heat exchange pipe 113, and the vertical plate of the L-shaped connecting rib 15 is fixedly connected with the single battery 111 cylinder 121. The specific connection method can be selected according to the material of the heat exchange pipe 113. For example, the heat exchange pipe 113 of the embodiment is made of insulating material, so the L-shaped connecting rib 15 and the heat exchange pipe 113 and the single battery 111 cylinder 121 can be fixedly connected by screws. When the heat exchange pipe 113 is made of metal material, the L-shaped connecting rib 15 and the heat exchange pipe 113 and the single battery 111 cylinder 121 can be fixedly connected by welding.

[0167] In addition, if two second channels 116 are provided on the heat exchange pipe 113, and the heat exchange pipe 113 is arranged on the top of the single battery 111, the projection of the heat exchange pipe 113 basically covers the upper cover plate of the single battery 111. If the explosion vent 119 (the explosion vent 119 can also be called explosion vent, explosion-proof part, explosion-proof opening, etc.) is arranged on the upper cover plate of the single battery 111, and the gap between the heat exchange pipe 113 and the upper cover plate is too small, or even there is no gap, the heat runaway smoke may not be discharged in time under the shielding of the heat exchange pipe 113, which has certain safety hazards. In the embodiment, the following two schemes can be used to solve such problems:

[0168] Scheme one, adjust the position of the explosion vent 119 to avoid the heat exchange pipe 113, for example, the explosion vent 119 can be arranged on the lower cover plate;

[0169] Scheme two, as shown in Figure 23 Another avoiding channel 1112 perpendicular to the first channel 115 is provided on the heat exchange pipe 113; the avoiding channel 1112 corresponds to the explosion vent 119 of the upper cover plate; the explosion vent branch pipe 118 is arranged on the upper cover plate, one end of the explosion vent branch pipe 118 is sealingly connected with the upper cover plate region around the explosion vent 119, and the other end penetrates through the avoiding channel 1112 and extends out;

[0170] Similarly, if the liquid injection port is located below the heat exchange tube 113, it will be inconvenient to inject liquid. Therefore, the liquid injection port should also be set away from the heat exchange tube 113 and can be set at the edge of the upper cover plate.

[0171] Example 3

[0172] The energy storage device in this embodiment has a similar structure to that in Example 1. However, the heat exchange device in the battery module in this embodiment is different from that in Example 1. The heat exchange device in the battery module in this embodiment is implemented by the following structure:

[0173] like Figure 24 and Figure 26 As shown, a heat exchange device is provided on the top of the battery pack 11, and the heat exchange device includes at least one heat exchange plate. The polarity terminals 1111 of each single battery 111 pass through the heat exchange plate in the z direction and are electrically connected to the electrical connection assembly 13. Part of the structure of the polarity terminals 1111 of each single battery 111 is located inside the heat exchange plate and is in direct contact with the insulating heat exchange medium. The side walls of the polarity terminals 1111 of each single battery 111 are sealed between the heat exchange plate, and the heat exchange device is insulated from adjacent single batteries 111. The insulation here specifically refers to the insulation of the parts of the heat exchange device that are in contact with the polarity terminals of each single battery 111 and the shell of each single battery.

[0174] The heat exchange device will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0175] a. Figure 24 and Figure 25 As shown, the heat exchange device includes two heat exchange plates 114 arranged along the y direction, and each heat exchange plate 114 corresponds to the polarity terminals 1111 of all the single batteries 111 in the battery pack 11 on the same side;

[0176] Each heat exchange plate 114 is provided with a first channel 115 and a group of second channels 116 arranged along the x-direction. The number of second channels 116 is the same as the number of single cells 111. The first channels 115 extend along the x-direction and serve as heat exchange channels. The second channels 116 extend along the z-direction and are connected to the first channels 115. The polarity terminals 1111 of all single cells 111 on one side pass through the second channels 116 on one heat exchange plate 114 to achieve electrical connection with the electrical connection assembly 13. The polarity terminals 1111 of all single cells 111 on the other side pass through the second channels 116 on the other heat exchange plate 114 to achieve electrical connection with the electrical connection assembly 13. At the same time, the two ends of each second channel 116 are sealed from the polarity terminals 1111.

[0177] The two heat exchange plates 114 are respectively mounted on the polarity terminals 1111 on different sides of the battery pack 11, and the two heat exchange plates 114 can be connected in series. In some other embodiments, the two heat exchange plates 114 can also be connected in parallel.

[0178] b. Figure 26 and Figure 27 As shown, the heat exchange device includes a heat exchange plate 114, which is provided with a first channel 115 and two groups of second channels 116 arranged along the x-direction. The first channel 115 runs through in the x-direction and serves as a heat exchange channel. The number of the second channels 116 is twice the number of the single cells 111. Each second channel 116 is a second channel 116 along the z-direction and is connected to the first channel 115. The polarity terminals 1111 of all the single cells 111 in the battery pack 11 pass through the second channels 116 on the heat exchange plate 114 respectively and are electrically connected to the electrical connection assembly 13. At the same time, the two ports of the second channel 116 are sealed from the polarity terminals 1111.

[0179] The present invention does not impose any specific restrictions on the cross-sectional shape of the heat exchange plate 114. Since the heat exchange plate 114 in this embodiment is placed on top of the planar battery pack 11, considering structural regularity, the heat exchange plate 114 in this embodiment is a rectangular plate. In other embodiments, other tube structures may also be used.

[0180] The above-mentioned first channel 115 is the channel 1112 opened in the length direction of the heat exchange plate 114. In the present invention, after the heat exchange plate 114 is fixed to the top of the battery pack 11, the length direction of the heat exchange plate 114 is consistent with the arrangement direction of the single cells 111 (the arrangement direction of the single cells 111 is the x-direction). Therefore, it can be considered that the first channel 115 extends along the x-direction, and the two end ports of the first channel 115 serve as the liquid inlet and outlet of the heat exchange plate 114.

[0181] The aforementioned second channels 116 are channels 1112 that extend through the sidewalls of the heat exchange plates 114 and connect to the first channels 115. In the present invention, after the heat exchange plates 114 are secured to the top of the battery pack 11, the second channels 116 extend in the same direction (in the height direction) as the individual cells 111. Furthermore, each set of second channels 116 must correspond one-to-one with the polarity terminals 1111 located on the same side of the multiple individual cells 111. In the z-direction (the height direction of the individual cells 111), the dimensions of the second channels 116 are smaller than those of the corresponding polarity terminals 1111, ensuring that the tops of the polarity terminals 1111 extend beyond the second channels 116, serving as electrical connectors.

[0182] The port shape of the second channel 116 is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 1111. The port of the second channel 116 is circular, the cross section of the polarity terminal 1111 is also circular, and the diameter of the two ports of the second channel 116 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the polarity terminal 1111. In other embodiments, the shape of the two ports of the second channel 116 can be different from the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 1111, as long as the polarity terminal 1111 can be inserted into the second channel 116 and the sealing can be achieved.

[0183] In addition, since the heat exchange plate 114 flows with an insulating heat exchange medium, the sealing of the heat exchange plate 114 is particularly important. In order to ensure the sealing of the heat exchange plate 114, two annular grooves extending along the circumferential direction are formed on each polarity terminal 1111 in the embodiment, the two annular grooves are arranged along the z direction, and O-shaped sealing rings are embedded in the two annular grooves. The two O-shaped sealing rings are pressed against the two ports of the second channel 116, achieving sealing while improving the stability of the heat exchange plate 114.

[0184] After the heat exchange device is installed on the top of the battery pack 11, the two ports of the heat exchange device serve as the liquid inlet and outlet respectively. In order to facilitate connection with the heat transfer unit, an adapter pipe 14 is connected to the liquid inlet and outlet of the heat exchange device in the embodiment. The adapter pipe 14 is connected to the heat transfer unit through the pressure-bearing shell 12. In order to further ensure the pressure-bearing performance of the pressure-bearing shell 12, the adapter pipe 14 is integrally formed on the end plate 122, that is, the adapter pipe 14 is welded on the adapter pipe 14.

[0185] It should be noted that the heat exchange plate 114 is in contact with the polarity terminals 1111 and the shell of the plurality of single batteries 111 for polarity heat exchange. In order to avoid short circuit problems, the following methods can be used to achieve insulation between the heat exchange plate 114 and the single battery 111:

[0186] 3.1, selecting an insulating material for the heat exchange plate 114, which can achieve insulation between the heat exchange plate 114 and the polarity terminal 1111, and also achieve insulation between the heat exchange plate 114 and the shell of the single battery;

[0187] 3.2, using a heat exchange plate 114 made of non-insulating material, and adding an insulating member ring between the polarity terminal 1111 and the heat exchange plate 114; insulating the side wall of the heat exchange plate 114, such as spraying insulating paint, wrapping insulating film, etc. In order to be safe, multiple insulation methods can be combined to overcome this problem.

[0188] In the embodiment, the heat exchange plate 114 is made of an insulating material to achieve insulation between the heat exchange plate 114 and the top of the battery pack 11 and the polarity terminal 1111.

[0189] In order to further improve the stability of the heat exchange plate 114 on the battery pack 11, the embodiment can additionally provide an L-shaped connecting rib between the heat exchange plate 114 and the cylinder body 121 of at least one single battery 111 constituting the battery pack 11. The transverse plate of the L-shaped connecting rib is fixedly connected with the heat exchange plate 114, and the vertical plate of the L-shaped connecting rib is fixedly connected with the cylinder body 121 of the single battery 111. The specific connection mode can be selected according to the material of the heat exchange plate 114. For example, the heat exchange plate 114 in the embodiment is made of insulating material, so the L-shaped connecting rib can be fixedly connected with the heat exchange plate 114 and the cylinder body 121 of the single battery 111 by screws. When the heat exchange plate 114 is made of metal material, the L-shaped connecting rib can be fixedly connected with the heat exchange plate 114 and the cylinder body 121 of the single battery 111 by welding.

[0190] Embodiment 4

[0191] The energy storage device in the embodiment is similar to the energy storage devices in Embodiments 1 to 3, except that, as shown in Figures 28 to 30 the heat treatment unit 4 in the embodiment further comprises a radiator 42 and a control valve 43; the inlet of the temperature control machine 41 is connected with the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34, and the outlet of the temperature control machine 41 is connected with the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33, for heating or cooling the insulating heat exchange medium; the control valve 43 is used to control whether the insulating heat exchange medium enters the radiator 42, and the inlet and outlet of the radiator 42 are both connected with the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34, for radiating the insulating heat exchange medium.

[0192] The device for radiating the insulating heat exchange medium by the radiator 42 can specifically adopt a radiator coil and exchange heat with the external environment to reduce the temperature of the insulating heat exchange medium.

[0193] The control valve 43 can specifically adopt valves with different control modes or structures, as long as it can control the on-off of the insulating heat exchange medium. For example, it can specifically adopt pneumatic valves, electric valves, hydraulic valves, etc. For convenient control, an electric valve is preferred. The electric valve is convenient to control and easy to operate, and is also convenient to install on site. The control valve 43 in the embodiment comprises a three-way electric valve. The first port of the three-way electric valve is in communication with the inlet of the temperature control machine 41, the second port is in communication with the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34, and the third port is in communication with the outlet of the radiator 42. When the three-way electric valve is controlled, only a single device is needed to realize the control, and the structure is simple and convenient to install.

[0194] In this embodiment, a fan is also provided outside the radiator 42 to further dissipate heat from the insulating heat exchange medium within the radiator 42. The battery module 1 generates a significant amount of heat during the charging and discharging process. To dissipate this heat and maximize utilization of ambient temperature, a fan is provided. This ensures that the temperature of the battery module 1 remains below 50°C, even at temperatures as high as 40°C. Controlling the temperature of the battery module 1 is primarily a matter of energy consumption. Using cooling equipment such as air conditioners consumes significant energy, so the ambient temperature is utilized as much as possible to control the temperature of the battery module 1.

[0195] The above temperature control system has the following three working modes:

[0196] The first one is the radiator 42 cooling mode alone:

[0197] like Figure 29 As shown, when the temperature of the battery module 1 reaches the first high temperature threshold, the first port and the third port of the three-way electric valve are connected, and the second port is closed. The insulating heat exchange medium of the heat exchange device exchanges heat with the battery module 1. Subsequently, the insulating heat exchange medium in the heat exchange device enters the radiator 42 through the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34. The radiator 42 processes the heat in the insulating heat exchange medium. Subsequently, the insulating heat exchange medium with reduced temperature enters the temperature controller 41. At this time, the temperature controller 41 does not work and only ensures the passage of the insulating heat exchange medium. Subsequently, the insulating heat exchange medium returns to the heat exchange device through the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 and exchanges heat with the battery module 1 again, thereby achieving passive cooling through the radiator 42.

[0198] The second type is the temperature control unit 41 in a separate cooling and heating mode:

[0199] like Figure 30 As shown, when the temperature of the battery module 1 reaches the second high temperature threshold, the first port and the second port of the three-way electric valve are connected, and the third port is closed, and the heat exchange device exchanges heat with the battery module 1. Subsequently, the insulating heat exchange medium in the heat exchange device enters the temperature controller 41 through the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 34. At this time, the temperature controller 41 works to actively cool the insulating heat exchange medium. Subsequently, the cooled insulating heat exchange medium returns to the heat exchange device through the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 to exchange heat with the battery module 1, thereby achieving active cooling through the temperature controller 41.

[0200] When the temperature of the battery module 1 reaches the low temperature threshold, the first port and the second port of the three-way electric valve are connected, and the third port is closed. The temperature controller 41 works to increase the temperature of the insulating heat exchange medium in the temperature control tube. The heated insulating heat exchange medium returns to the heat exchange device through the liquid supply pipeline assembly 33 to exchange heat with the battery module 1, thereby achieving active temperature increase through the temperature controller 41.

[0201] Third, the radiator 42 and temperature control machine 41 cooling mode:

[0202] As shown in Figure 29 When the battery module 1 temperature reaches the third high temperature threshold, the first port and the third port of the three-way electric valve are communicated, the second port is closed, the heat exchange device of the heat exchange medium and the battery module 1 heat exchange, then, the heat exchange device in the heat exchange medium through the liquid outlet pipe assembly 34 into the radiator 42, the radiator 42 on the heat of the heat exchange medium processing, then, the temperature control of the heat exchange medium into the temperature control machine 41, at this time, at this time, the temperature control machine 41 open to the heat exchange medium cooling, then, the heat exchange medium through the liquid supply pipe assembly 33 return to the heat exchange device, and the battery module 1 heat exchange again, so as to realize passive cooling and active cooling through the radiator 42 and temperature control machine 41.

[0203] It should be noted that: the third high temperature threshold > second high temperature threshold > first high temperature threshold.

[0204] The above heat treatment unit 4 through the radiator 42 and temperature control machine 41 to the battery module 1 combination of active cooling, active heating and passive cooling, this kind of way can ensure that the battery module 1 heat can be effectively handled, at the same time, the temperature control cost is small, can effectively save energy, avoid only using active temperature control when waste energy, also avoid only using passive temperature control when the battery module 1 temperature can not be controlled in time the defect. This kind of setting makes the heat treatment unit 4 and the external environment of sufficient heat exchange, make full use of the temperature of the external environment, thereby saving the opening time of active refrigeration, saving energy.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized by, The temperature control system comprises a temperature control system and at least one battery cluster; The battery cluster comprises at least one battery module; the battery module comprises a battery pack and a pressure shell; the pressure shell is a closed pressure shell, and the battery pack comprises a plurality of single batteries arranged in the x direction in the pressure shell and connected in series through an electrical connection assembly; The pressure shell is provided with a heat exchange device arranged on the top of each single battery, and the heat exchange device is insulated from each single battery; the heat exchange device has a heat exchange channel through which an insulating heat exchange medium is in direct contact with the polar terminals of each single battery for heat exchange; The temperature control system comprises a heat delivery unit and a heat treatment unit; the heat delivery unit is used to deliver the insulating heat exchange medium between the heat exchange device of each battery module and the heat treatment unit; the heat treatment unit is used to heat or cool the insulating heat exchange medium delivered by the heat delivery unit.

2. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein, The heat exchange device comprises a plurality of sub-heat exchange devices, each arranged on the top of each single battery; the sub-heat exchange device comprises at least one heat exchange pipe, each heat exchange pipe having a first channel extending in the x direction and at least one second channel; the polar terminals of each single battery are respectively connected in electrical connection with the electrical connection assembly after penetrating the sub-heat exchange device in the z direction, the first channels of the sub-heat exchange devices of adjacent single batteries are communicated to form a heat exchange channel; part of the structure of the polar terminals of each single battery is located in the heat exchange channel and directly contacts with the insulating heat exchange medium.

3. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein, The heat exchange device comprises at least one heat exchange plate, the heat exchange plate has a first channel extending in the x direction and at least one group of second channels arranged in the x direction, the first channel in the heat exchange plate serves as a heat exchange channel, and each second channel penetrates in the z direction and communicates with the first channel; the polar terminals of each single battery are respectively connected in electrical connection with the electrical connection assembly after penetrating the second channel in the z direction, and part of the structure of the polar terminals of each single battery is located in the heat exchange channel and directly contacts with the insulating heat exchange medium.

4. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein, The heat exchange device comprises a connecting pipe assembly, each single battery is provided with a channel penetrating the polar terminal, and the connecting pipe assembly communicates the channels on the polar terminals of adjacent single batteries to form a heat exchange channel, and the connecting pipe assembly is insulated from the polar terminals of each single battery.

5. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The pressure shell comprises a cylinder with two open ends and two end plates sealingly arranged at the open ends of the cylinder; the heat exchange device is connected with the heat treatment unit through an adapter pipe which is integrally fixed on the end plate.

6. The energy storage device of claim 5, wherein, The end plate comprises a first sealing plate and a second sealing plate arranged in parallel, the first sealing plate is used to seal the open end of the cylinder, and the second sealing plate is used to clamp the single battery in the x direction.

7. The energy storage device of claim 5, wherein, The electric connection assembly comprises a first electric connection member and a second electric connection member, the polar terminals of different polarities of adjacent single batteries are electrically connected through the first electric connection member; two second electric connection members are respectively electrically connected with the polar terminals of different polarities of the single batteries at two ends of the battery pack; two electric connection terminals are fixedly arranged on the pressure bearing shell, and the two second electric connection members are respectively and correspondingly electrically connected with the two electric connection terminals.

8. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The battery cluster comprises a plurality of battery module units arranged in a vertical direction, and each battery module unit comprises a plurality of battery modules arranged in a horizontal direction; The heat delivery unit comprises a liquid supply pipeline assembly, a liquid outlet pipeline assembly, a liquid inlet pipeline assembly, and a liquid return pipeline assembly; the liquid supply pipeline assembly is used for delivering the insulating heat exchange medium in the heat treatment unit to each battery cluster; and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly is used for converging the insulating heat exchange medium after heat exchange with each battery cluster to the heat treatment unit; The number of the liquid inlet pipeline assembly and the liquid return pipeline assembly corresponds to the number of the battery clusters; in each battery cluster, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly is used for distributing the insulating heat exchange medium in the liquid supply pipeline assembly to the heat exchange devices of each battery module; and the liquid return pipeline assembly is used for converging the insulating heat exchange medium after heat exchange of the plurality of battery modules to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly.

9. The energy storage device of claim 8, wherein, The liquid inlet pipeline assembly comprises a first-stage liquid inlet pipe, a second-stage liquid inlet pipe, and a third-stage liquid inlet pipe; the liquid inlet of the first-stage liquid inlet pipe is used for being connected with the liquid supply pipeline assembly; the plurality of second-stage liquid inlet pipes are connected with the first-stage liquid inlet pipe, and the plurality of second-stage liquid inlet pipes distribute the insulating heat exchange medium in the first-stage liquid inlet pipe to the plurality of battery module units; the plurality of third-stage liquid inlet pipes are connected with the second-stage liquid inlet pipe, and the plurality of third-stage liquid inlet pipes distribute the insulating heat exchange medium in the second-stage liquid inlet pipe to the heat exchange devices of the plurality of battery modules; the liquid return pipeline assembly comprises a first-stage liquid outlet pipe, a second-stage liquid outlet pipe, and a third-stage liquid outlet pipe; the plurality of third-stage liquid outlet pipes are connected with the second-stage liquid outlet pipe, and are used for converging the insulating heat exchange medium after heat exchange with the battery modules to the second-stage liquid outlet pipe; each second-stage liquid outlet pipe is connected with the first-stage liquid outlet pipe, and converges the insulating heat exchange medium after heat exchange with the plurality of battery module units to the first-stage liquid outlet pipe; and the first-stage liquid outlet pipe is connected with the liquid outlet pipeline assembly.

10. The energy storage device of claim 8, wherein, The battery clusters are a plurality of matrix-arranged clusters; The liquid supply pipeline assembly comprises a first-stage distribution pipe, a second-stage distribution pipe, and a third-stage distribution pipe; the inlet of the first-stage distribution pipe is used for being connected with the heat treatment unit; the second-stage distribution pipe is used for distributing the insulating heat exchange medium in the first-stage distribution pipe to different column or different row battery clusters; and the third-stage distribution pipe is used for distributing the insulating heat exchange medium in the second-stage distribution pipe to the plurality of battery clusters in the same column or the same row; the liquid outlet pipeline assembly comprises a first-stage converging pipe, a second-stage converging pipe, and a third-stage converging pipe; the third-stage converging pipe is used for converging the insulating heat exchange medium of the plurality of battery clusters in the same column or the same row to the second-stage converging pipe; the second-stage distribution pipe is used for converging the insulating heat exchange medium of the different column or different row battery clusters to the first-stage converging pipe; and the outlet of the first-stage converging pipe is used for being connected with the heat treatment unit.

11. The energy storage device of claim 9, wherein, At least part of the pipelines of the liquid supply pipeline assembly, liquid outlet pipeline assembly, liquid inlet pipeline assembly and liquid return pipeline assembly is provided with a heat preservation layer; the secondary liquid outlet pipeline is connected with the primary liquid outlet pipeline by using a quick connector and a hose; in the same row of battery clusters, two adjacent battery clusters share one primary liquid outlet pipeline; meanwhile, the secondary liquid inlet pipeline and the secondary liquid outlet pipeline are spliced by using multi-section pipelines.

12. The energy storage device of claim 10, wherein, The primary shunt pipeline is provided with a water supplement joint for supplementing the insulation heat exchange medium for the temperature control system, and the primary confluence pipeline is provided with an exhaust valve.

13. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The heat treatment unit comprises a temperature control machine, the liquid inlet of the temperature control machine is connected with the liquid outlet pipeline assembly, the liquid outlet of the temperature control machine is connected with the liquid supply pipeline assembly, the temperature control machine is used for heating or cooling the insulation heat exchange medium, the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the temperature control machine are provided with a blocking joint, and the blocking joint can block the insulation heat exchange medium in the temperature control machine.

14. The energy storage device of claim 13, wherein, The heat treatment unit further comprises a radiator and a control valve; the control valve is used for controlling whether the insulation heat exchange medium enters the radiator; the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the radiator are connected with the liquid outlet pipeline assembly, and the radiator is used for radiating the insulation heat exchange medium.

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