Liquid cooling device for battery module and battery module assembly

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, and particularly relates to a liquid cooling device for a battery module and a battery module assembly. The problem that an existing battery module has potential safety hazards is solved. The liquid cooling device comprises a liquid cooling plate; the liquid cooling plate is provided with a first channel and a second channel which are isolated from each other; wherein the first channel serves as an insulating heat transfer medium circulation channel, and the second channel serves as a thermal runaway flue gas pretreatment channel; a plurality of through holes in one-to-one correspondence with polar terminals of all single batteries in the battery module are formed in the liquid cooling plate; each through hole extends in the z direction and penetrates through the first channel; the battery module assembly comprises a battery module and a liquid cooling device arranged at the top of the battery module; each single battery polarity terminal is inserted into the corresponding through hole, and the electric connection part extends out of the through hole; and the battery module explosion venting part is connected with the inlet end of the second channel. And the liquid cooling plate controls the temperature control of the battery module, and when thermal runaway occurs, the discharged thermal runaway smoke is treated, so that the potential safety hazard is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the battery field, concretely is a kind of liquid cooling device and battery module assembly for battery module. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, by parallel or series multiple single battery makes it become battery module (also can be called large capacity battery or battery pack).

[0003] But, due to the high concentration of single battery in battery module, a large amount of heat is generated in the process of charging and discharging, and the heat will gradually increase, if the heat generated is not released in time, heat will accumulate, cause the temperature of battery module uneven, thereby reduce the service life of battery module, serious battery module thermal equilibrium is destroyed, and then make battery module thermal runaway, there is security risk.

[0004] When battery module thermal runaway, battery internal temperature is as high as 500~1000 ℃, the gas generated in thermal runaway process causes the pressure in battery to increase, finally ejects and releases electrolyte and reaction gas vaporized in battery interior, forms the thermal runaway flue gas with pressure.The thermal runaway flue gas not only includes carbon dioxide, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane and other gases, but also includes vaporized electrolyte and high-temperature molten plastic parts and other impurities.

[0005] When the above-mentioned thermal runaway flue gas is discharged and treated, the electrolyte and impurities in the thermal runaway flue gas will affect the subsequent smoke collecting pipe and smoke treatment device, causing safety hazards.In addition, the above-mentioned thermal runaway flue gas is discharged from battery module, and the temperature is too high, which will cause damage to external pipeline, joint and other structural parts, and further increase the risk of thermal runaway flue gas, and there is security risk. SUMMARY

[0006] The utility model provides a kind of liquid cooling device and battery module assembly for battery module, mainly solve the problem that existing battery module exists security risk.

[0007] The utility model provides a kind of liquid cooling device for battery module, and the battery module includes multiple single batteries arranged along x direction;

[0008] The liquid cooling device includes liquid cooling plate;First channel and second channel isolated from each other are provided on the liquid cooling plate;Wherein first channel is used as the flow channel of insulating heat transfer medium, and second channel is used as thermal runaway flue gas pretreatment channel;The liquid inlet end and liquid outlet end of first channel are respectively used to connect with the liquid outlet end and liquid inlet end of external liquid cooling equipment;Second channel inlet end is used to connect with battery module explosion vent;

[0009] The liquid cooling plate is provided with a plurality of through holes corresponding to all the polarity terminals of the single batteries in the battery module; each through hole extends along the z direction and penetrates the first channel;

[0010] The area of the through hole in the xy plane is slightly larger than the area of the corresponding polarity terminal in the xy plane, ensuring that the corresponding polarity terminal can be inserted into the through hole, and in the z direction, the size of the through hole is smaller than the size of the corresponding polarity terminal, ensuring that in the z direction, the top end of the polarity terminal protrudes out of the through hole as an electrical connection part.

[0011] After fixing the above liquid cooling device on the top of the battery module, each polarity terminal is inserted into the corresponding through hole, and in the z direction, the electrical connection part of the polarity terminal protrudes out of the through hole; the two ports of the through hole are sealed with the corresponding polarity terminal. The first channel serves as a flow channel for the heat transfer medium, and part of the structure of the polarity terminal is located in the inner cavity of the first channel and directly contacts the heat transfer medium; compared with the effect of indirect heat exchange of the heat transfer medium on the polarity terminal through the tubular heat exchange member in Chinese patent CN118299714A, first, the heat exchange path is shortened (from "heat transfer medium-heat exchange member-polarity terminal" to "heat transfer medium-polarity terminal"), which can improve the utilization efficiency of the heat transfer medium; second, the heat exchange area is increased (from "a certain surface area of the clamping groove" to "part of the structure of the polarity terminal located in the inner cavity of the first channel"), which improves the heat exchange efficiency and further improves the heat exchange efficiency of such battery module.

[0012] The second channel serves as a heat runaway gas pretreatment channel; when the battery module experiences heat runaway, the heat runaway gas is transported into the second channel in the liquid cooling plate, and the second channel buffers and processes the heat runaway gas, so that the heat runaway gas is discharged at a relatively stable flow rate. When the heat runaway gas is buffered and processed in the second channel, the heat transfer medium in the first channel can be used to cool the gas in the second channel. The high-temperature heat runaway gas is cooled in the second channel, thereby removing the high-temperature property of the heat runaway gas and avoiding damage to subsequent pipelines, joints and other related devices, thereby improving the safety of the battery module. At the same time, when the heat runaway gas is cooled in the second channel, the vaporized electrolyte in the heat runaway gas is liquefied after being cooled, and the high-temperature molten impurities are cooled to solid impurities. At this time, the second channel collects the electrolyte and solid impurities carried in the heat runaway gas. After the heat runaway gas is pretreated in the second channel, the heat runaway gas discharged is completely gaseous, which is convenient for subsequent transportation and processing.

[0013] Further, different first channels can be obtained by setting different shaped partitions in the liquid cooling device, for example, two first partitions in a straight line can be set in the liquid cooling plate; the two first partitions are arranged along the y direction, and both of the two first partitions extend along the x direction, so as to divide the inner cavity of the liquid cooling plate into two first channels and a second channel, and the second channel is located between the two first channels. A second partition in the form of a U-shaped partition can also be set in the liquid cooling plate; the cavity between the second partition and the side plate of the liquid cooling plate is used as the first channel, and the inner cavity of the second partition is used as the second channel; in this structure, a first connecting pipe needs to be additionally provided, one end of the first connecting pipe is connected with the bottom plate of the second partition and penetrates the second channel, and the other end of the first connecting pipe extends out of the liquid cooling plate and is used as the outlet end of the second channel.

[0014] Further, the number and position of the inlet end of the second channel need to be set according to the number and position of the explosion vent of the battery module matched therewith, the inlet end of the second channel can be multiple and arranged along the x direction on the bottom plate of the liquid cooling plate and correspond to each single battery explosion vent or explosion-proof port one by one. The inlet end of the second channel can be one and located on the third side plate of the liquid cooling plate, wherein the third side plate is parallel to the yz plane.

[0015] The utility model discloses a second aspect provides a kind of battery module assembly, including battery module and above-mentioned liquid cooling device for battery module;

[0016] The battery module includes a plurality of single batteries arranged along the x direction.

[0017] The liquid cooling device is arranged on the top of the battery module, and the polar terminal of each single battery is inserted into the corresponding through hole, and the electrical connection part extends out of the through hole; the polar terminal side wall is insulated and sealed between the through hole.

[0018] The explosion vent of the battery module is connected with the inlet end of the second channel.

[0019] Further, the explosion vent of the battery module is the explosion vent or explosion-proof port of each single battery; the inlet end of the second channel is multiple and arranged along the x direction on the bottom plate of the liquid cooling plate and connected with each single battery explosion vent or explosion-proof port one by one.

[0020] Further, the battery module further includes an electrolyte sharing pipeline; the inner cavity of the electrolyte sharing pipeline is communicated with the electrolyte area of each single battery inner cavity, and at least one end of the electrolyte sharing pipeline is provided with an explosion vent mechanism.

[0021] The explosion vent mechanism is used as the explosion vent of the battery module; the inlet end of the second channel is located on the third side plate of the liquid cooling plate and connected with the explosion vent mechanism.

[0022] Further, the battery module further includes a shell; a plurality of single batteries are arranged in the inner cavity of the shell along the x direction.

[0023] The shell is provided with at least one electrolyte sharing chamber and a blast releasing mechanism in communication with the electrolyte sharing chamber, electrolyte zones in the inner cavity of the electrolyte sharing chamber and the inner cavities of all single batteries are connected through; the shell top plate is provided with a avoiding hole corresponding to the polarity terminal of each single battery; the polarity terminal of each single battery extends out of the avoiding hole, and the area of the shell top plate corresponding to the avoiding hole is fixedly sealed with the single battery shell;

[0024] The blast releasing mechanism is used as a blast releasing part of the battery module; the second channel inlet end is located on the third side plate of the liquid cooling plate and connected with the blast releasing mechanism.

[0025] Further, the shell top plate is paved with a second insulating sealing glue layer, and the liquid cooling device is located in the second insulating sealing glue layer. On the one hand, the sealing performance of each part of the liquid cooling device can be further improved; on the other hand, the insulating sealing glue also penetrates into the avoiding hole part which has completed preliminary sealing, so as to further improve the sealing performance of the avoiding hole part; thirdly, during long-time use, condensation may be generated on the surface due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the liquid cooling device, and when the condensation accumulates to a certain amount, short circuit may be caused; by paving the insulating sealing glue layer on the top of the battery module, when the condensation is generated on the surface of the liquid cooling device, the short circuit of the battery can be prevented under the protection of the insulating sealing glue layer; fourthly, the insulating sealing glue layer is wrapped outside the whole liquid cooling device, and when the liquid cooling device made of non-insulating material is used, the insulation between the liquid cooling device and the top of the battery module can be further improved.

[0026] Further, the polarity terminal is provided with a functional structure, the functional structure is used for increasing the heat exchange area of the polarity terminal, and the part of the polarity terminal provided with the functional structure is located in the first channel and directly contacts with the insulating heat transfer medium. Compared with the polarity terminal without the functional structure, the heat exchange area is larger, and thus better heat exchange effect can be obtained.

[0027] Further, the functional structure is n first annular grooves, n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; each first annular groove extends in the circumferential direction of the side wall of the polarity terminal, and the n first annular grooves are arranged in the height direction of the polarity terminal. Compared with other functional structures, the annular groove is more convenient to process, so that the polarity terminal has a lower cost.

[0028] The utility model discloses the beneficial effects are:

[0029] The utility model discloses a liquid cooling device is fixed at the top of battery module, and each polarity terminal inserts corresponding through -hole, and in z direction, the electric connection of polarity terminal stretches out through -hole, and the seal between two ports of through -hole and corresponding polarity terminal. The first channel is used as the flow channel of heat transfer medium, and part of the structure of the polarity terminal is located in the first channel cavity and directly contacts the heat transfer medium. Compared with the heat transfer medium indirectly exchanging heat with the polarity terminal through the tubular heat exchange part in Chinese patent CN118299714A, first, the heat exchange path is shortened (from "heat transfer medium - heat exchange part - polarity terminal" to "heat transfer medium - polarity terminal"), which can improve the utilization efficiency of the heat transfer medium. Second, the heat exchange area is increased (from "a certain surface area of the slot" to "part of the structure of the polarity terminal located in the first channel cavity"), which improves the heat exchange efficiency and further improves the heat exchange efficiency of such battery module.

[0030] The second channel is used as a thermal runaway flue gas pretreatment channel. When the battery module experiences thermal runaway, the thermal runaway flue gas is transported into the second channel in the liquid cooling plate, and the second channel buffers and processes the thermal runaway flue gas, so that the thermal runaway flue gas is discharged at a relatively stable flow rate. When the thermal runaway flue gas is buffered and processed in the second channel, the heat transfer medium in the first channel can be used to cool the gas in the second channel. The high-temperature thermal runaway flue gas is cooled in the second channel, thereby removing the high-temperature property of the thermal runaway flue gas and avoiding damage to subsequent pipelines, joints, and other related devices, thereby improving the safety of the battery module. At the same time, when the thermal runaway flue gas is cooled in the second channel, the vaporized electrolyte in the thermal runaway flue gas is liquefied after being cooled, and the high-temperature molten impurities are cooled to solid impurities. At this time, the second channel collects the electrolyte and solid impurities carried in the thermal runaway flue gas. After the thermal runaway flue gas is pretreated in the second channel, the discharged thermal runaway flue gas is completely gaseous, which is convenient for subsequent transportation and processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a structure schematic view of one kind liquid cooling device in embodiment 1;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a partial structure schematic view of another kind liquid cooling device in embodiment 1;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a sectional view of one kind liquid cooling device in embodiment 1;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a partial structure schematic view of another kind liquid cooling device in embodiment 1;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a sectional view of another kind liquid cooling device in embodiment 1;

[0036] Figure 6 Structure diagram of a liquid cooling device in Example 2;

[0037] Figure 7 Structure diagram of a liquid cooling device in Example 2;

[0038] Figure 8 Structure diagram of a battery module in Example 3;

[0039] Figure 9 Structure diagram of a battery module in Example 3;

[0040] Figure 10 Structure diagram of a battery module in Example 3;

[0041] Figure 11 Structure diagram of a battery module in Example 3;

[0042] Figure 12 Structure diagram of a battery module in Example 3;

[0043] Figure 13 Structure diagram of a battery module in Example 4;

[0044] Figure 14 Structure diagram of a battery module in Example 5;

[0045] Figure 15 Structure diagram of a battery module in Example 5;

[0046] Figure 16 Structure diagram of a battery module in Example 7;

[0047] Figure 17 Structure diagram of a battery module in Example 7;

[0048] Figure 18 Structure diagram of a battery module in Example 7;

[0049] Reference signs in the drawings are:

[0050] 1, liquid cooling device;11, liquid cooling plate;12, first partition;13, first channel;14, second channel;15, through hole;16, heat transfer medium inlet;17, heat transfer medium outlet;18, second channel inlet;19, second partition;10, first connecting pipe;2, battery module;21, single battery;211, polarity terminal;212, electrical connection part;22, explosion vent branch;23, one end open box;24, U-shaped connecting rib;25, electrolyte sharing pipeline;26, second connecting pipe;27, first annular groove;3, shell;31, shell top plate;32, shell bottom plate;33, avoidance hole;34, first insulating sealant layer;35, support;36, electrolyte sharing chamber;37, boss;38, gas sharing chamber;39, end plate;30, explosion venting mechanism;4, second insulating sealant layer;41, cylinder;411, cylinder side plate;412, cylinder top plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more apparent, specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor should belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0052] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be practiced in other ways different from those described herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without departing from the connotation of the present application, therefore the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0053] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship of the terms "top, bottom" and the like indicated in the description is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first, second, etc." are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0054] The utility model discloses a kind of liquid cooling devices for battery module, mainly for the heat exchange of battery module, simultaneously still can be preprocessed to battery module thermal runaway flue gas.

[0055] The heat exchange here can be understood as: heat dissipation of the battery module or heating of the battery module; when the temperature of the battery module is higher than a set threshold, the battery module is cooled by introducing a heat transfer medium with a lower temperature into the liquid cooling device; when the temperature of the battery module is lower than the set threshold, the battery module is heated by introducing a heat transfer medium with a higher temperature into the liquid cooling device; by controlling the temperature of the heat transfer medium, the battery module can always operate at a normal working temperature.

[0056] The pretreatment here can include the following aspects:

[0057] The first aspect is to buffer the battery module thermal runaway flue gas, so that the thermal runaway flue gas is discharged at a relatively stable flow rate;

[0058] The second aspect is to cool the battery module thermal runaway flue gas, remove the high temperature property of the thermal runaway flue gas, and avoid damage to subsequent pipelines, joints and other related devices after the thermal runaway flue gas is discharged, thereby improving the safety of the battery module;

[0059] The third aspect is to cool and collect the high-temperature molten impurities in the battery module thermal runaway flue gas, so that the discharged thermal runaway flue gas is completely gaseous, facilitating subsequent transportation and processing.

[0060] Such a battery module can at least include the following three types:

[0061] The first type of battery module:

[0062] The first type of battery module includes a plurality of single batteries arranged in the same direction;

[0063] For ease of description, the single battery arrangement direction is defined as the x direction in the utility model; the height direction of the single battery is defined as the z direction; and the direction perpendicular to the x and z directions is defined as the y direction.

[0064] The second type of battery module:

[0065] The second type of battery module adds at least one electrolyte sharing pipeline based on the first type of battery module, and the electrolyte sharing pipeline connects the electrolyte zones in the cavities of the plurality of single batteries, realizes electrolyte sharing, reduces the difference between the single batteries, and optimizes the cycle performance of the battery module; it can also include a gas sharing pipeline, which connects the gas zones in the cavities of the plurality of single batteries based on the gas sharing pipeline, achieves gas balance, and further optimizes the cycle performance of the battery module. An explosion venting mechanism is provided at at least one end of the electrolyte sharing pipeline.

[0066] The third type of battery module:

[0067] The third type of battery module adds a shell based on the first type of battery module, and the plurality of single batteries are arranged in the x direction and placed in the cavity of the shell.

[0068] The shell structure is not limited, and at least the following two structures can be used:

[0069] The first structure includes a cylinder with two open ends (i.e., the port parallel to the yz plane is open) and end plates fixed at the two open ends of the cylinder (i.e., the end plates are parallel to the yz plane);

[0070] The second structure includes a cylinder with open ends at the top and bottom (i.e., the port parallel to the xy plane is open) and a top plate and a bottom plate fixed at the top and bottom open ends of the cylinder (i.e., the top plate and the bottom plate are parallel to the xy plane, and the bottom plate can be an integral structure with the cylinder);

[0071] A shared chamber is provided in the shell.

[0072] It should be noted that:

[0073] The shared chamber can be an electrolyte sharing chamber, and the inner cavity of the electrolyte sharing chamber and the inner cavities of the single batteries are in communication, so that the single batteries are in a unified electrolyte environment, ensuring the uniformity of the electrolyte in the single batteries and improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the battery module. The electrolyte sharing chamber described herein is a liquid passage extending along the length direction of the shell between the shell bottom plate and the single batteries. The liquid passage can be integrally formed with the shell bottom plate, or can be formed by providing a support between the single battery upper cover plate and the shell bottom plate. It should be noted that in the shell of the first structure, the shell bottom plate herein is the cylinder bottom plate; in the shell of the second structure, the shell bottom plate herein is the bottom plate.

[0074] The shared chamber can also be a gas sharing chamber provided on the shell top plate, and the gas sharing chamber covers the gas ports on the top of each single battery in the battery module.

[0075] It should be noted that in the shell of the first structure, the shell top plate herein is the cylinder top plate; in the shell of the second structure, the shell top plate herein is the top plate.

[0076] It should also be noted that the gas port includes the following two meanings:

[0077] 1) The gas port is a first through hole directly provided on the single battery upper cover plate and penetrating the single battery inner cavity;

[0078] At this time, the gas sharing chamber communicates with the gas area in the inner cavity of each single battery through the gas port, and the gas sharing chamber can communicate the gas areas of each single battery, achieve gas balance, and ensure the consistency of each single battery by sharing the gas, thereby improving the cycle life of the battery module to a certain extent; when thermal runaway occurs in any single battery, the flue gas in the inner cavity of the single battery enters the gas sharing chamber and is discharged through the gas sharing chamber, thereby improving the safety of the battery module.

[0079] 2) The gas port is a venting port or explosion-proof port provided on the upper cover plate of the single battery, and a venting membrane is arranged at the venting port or explosion-proof port;

[0080] At this time, the gas sharing chamber is used as a venting channel, and when the venting membrane at the gas port of any single battery is broken by the flue gas in the inner cavity, the inner cavity of the single battery and the gas sharing chamber are communicated, and the flue gas in the inner cavity is discharged through the gas sharing chamber, thereby improving the safety of the battery module.

[0081] The above-mentioned sharing chamber can also be a gas-liquid sharing chamber, and through one gas-liquid sharing chamber, each single battery can be in a unified electrolyte environment and gas environment, thereby improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the battery module.

[0082] The shell of the above-mentioned battery module is further provided with a venting mechanism in communication with the electrolyte sharing chamber.

[0083] In order to facilitate the electrical connection of such a battery module, an avoiding hole is formed in the shell top plate (in the first type of shell, the shell top plate here is the top plate of the cylinder; in the second type of shell, the shell top plate here is the top plate) corresponding to the polarity terminal of each single battery; each single battery polarity terminal extends out of the corresponding avoiding hole as the polarity terminal of the battery module, and the area of the shell top plate corresponding to the avoiding hole is fixedly sealed with the single battery shell, so that the avoiding hole part of the shell top plate is sealed.

[0084] It should be noted that the single battery polarity terminal described here can be a single battery pole, and if the single battery pole cannot be smoothly extended out of the avoiding hole or the height of the single battery pole extended out of the avoiding hole does not meet the set requirements when the single battery pole is used as the polarity terminal, a pole adapter can be connected to the single battery pole, and the overall structure of the single battery pole and the pole adapter in cooperation can be used as the single battery polarity terminal.

[0085] In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the above-mentioned three types of battery modules, the present application adopts a similar inventive concept as Chinese patent CN118299714A, that is, mainly performing heat exchange on the single battery polarity terminal where heat is concentrated, but different from Chinese patent CN118299714A, the present application considers that by optimizing the structure, a direct heat exchange mode is adopted, so that the polarity terminal is directly contacted with the heat transfer medium, and the heat exchange of the polarity terminal is realized.

[0086] At the same time, in order to further improve the reliability of the above battery module during operation, the utility model considers that the thermal runaway smoke of such battery module is discharged after a certain pretreatment.

[0087] Based on the above inventive concept, the utility model adjusts the structure of the heat exchange element, optimizes the original tubular heat exchange element into a liquid cooling device with a first channel and a plurality of through holes penetrating the first channel in the z direction; each through hole corresponds to all the polarity terminals of the single batteries in the battery module one by one, and the area of the orthogonal projection of the through hole in the xy plane is slightly larger than that of the corresponding polarity terminal, ensuring that the corresponding polarity terminal can be inserted into the through hole, and in the z direction, the size of the through hole is smaller than that of the corresponding polarity terminal, ensuring that in the z direction, the top end of the polarity terminal extends out of the through hole as an electrical connection part; the first channel is used as a flow channel for the insulating heat transfer medium, and the inlet and outlet ends of the first channel are respectively connected with the outlet and inlet ends of the external liquid cooling equipment.

[0088] Meanwhile, a second channel isolated from the first channel is formed on the liquid cooling device, and the second channel is used as a thermal runaway smoke pretreatment channel; the inlet end of the second channel is connected with the explosion venting part of the battery module.

[0089] It should be noted that in the above first type of battery module, the battery module explosion venting part includes the explosion venting or explosion-proof opening of each single battery constituting the battery module; in the above second type of battery module, the battery module explosion venting part is an explosion venting mechanism arranged at the electrolyte sharing pipeline port; in the above third type of battery module, the battery module explosion venting part is an explosion venting mechanism in communication with the electrolyte sharing chamber.

[0090] After the above liquid cooling device is fixed on the top of the battery module, each polarity terminal is inserted into the corresponding through hole, and in the z direction, the electrical connection part of the polarity terminal extends out of the through hole; the two ports of the through hole are sealed with the corresponding polarity terminal.

[0091] The first channel is used as a flow channel for the heat transfer medium, and part of the structure of the polarity terminal (located in the inner cavity of the first channel and directly in contact with the heat transfer medium; compared with the effect of indirectly heat exchanging the polarity terminal through the tubular heat exchange element with respect to the heat transfer medium, first, the heat exchange path is shortened (from "heat transfer medium-heat exchange element-polarity terminal" to "heat transfer medium-polarity terminal"), which can improve the utilization efficiency of the heat transfer medium; second, the heat exchange area is increased (from "a certain surface area of the clamping groove" to "part of the structure of the polarity terminal located in the inner cavity of the first channel"), which improves the heat exchange efficiency, and further improves the heat exchange efficiency of such battery module.

[0092] The second channel is used as a heat runaway flue gas pretreatment channel; when the battery module is in heat runaway, the heat runaway flue gas is transported into the second channel in the liquid cooling plate, the second channel buffers and processes the heat runaway flue gas, so that the heat runaway flue gas is discharged at a relatively stable flow rate. When the heat runaway flue gas is buffered and processed in the second channel, the heat transfer medium in the first channel can be used to cool the gas in the second channel. The high-temperature heat runaway flue gas is cooled in the second channel, thereby removing the high-temperature property of the heat runaway flue gas, avoiding damage to subsequent pipelines, joints and other related devices caused by the heat runaway flue gas, and improving the safety of the battery module. At the same time, when the heat runaway flue gas is cooled in the second channel, the vaporized electrolyte in the heat runaway flue gas is liquefied after being cooled, and the high-temperature molten impurities are cooled into solid impurities. At this time, the second channel collects the electrolyte and solid impurities carried in the heat runaway flue gas. After the heat runaway flue gas is pretreated in the second channel, the heat runaway flue gas discharged is completely gaseous, which is convenient for subsequent transportation and processing.

[0093] It should be noted that:

[0094] 1. Because the polarity terminal of the utility model directly contacts with the heat transfer medium, the ideal heat transfer medium should have good insulation, high specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity, good flame retardant performance, low cost, suitable working temperature, long service life, no corrosion and other characteristics. In the utility model, the heat transfer medium is an insulating heat transfer medium commonly used in the prior art, which can be but is not limited to insulating oil and fluorinated liquid.

[0095] 2. The liquid cooling device is easy to contact with different polarity terminals of the same single battery at the same time, therefore, the liquid cooling device must be insulated from the polarity terminal to avoid the conduction of the two different polarity terminals through the liquid cooling device, which leads to short circuit; after the liquid cooling device is insulated from the polarity terminal, the polarity terminal cannot conduct electricity with the top of the battery module through the liquid cooling device.

[0096] The insulation between the liquid cooling device and the polarity terminal can be realized in the following ways:

[0097] 2.1. Select a liquid cooling device made of insulating material, which can realize the insulation between the liquid cooling device and the polarity terminal, and also realize the insulation between the liquid cooling device and the top of the battery module;

[0098] 2.2. Use a liquid cooling device made of non-insulating material, and add an insulating sealing gasket between the polarity terminal and the liquid cooling device; insulate the wall surface of the liquid cooling device, such as spraying insulating paint, wrapping insulating film, etc. To be on the safe side, multiple insulation methods can be combined to overcome this problem.

[0099] The liquid cooling device and the battery module with the liquid cooling device will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0100] Embodiment 1

[0101] The present embodiment is a liquid cooling device, specifically as shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 , which are respectively a structural schematic diagram, a partial structural schematic diagram and a sectional view of the liquid cooling device 1 of the present embodiment; as can be seen from the drawings, the liquid cooling device 1 of the present embodiment comprises a liquid cooling plate 11 and two first partitions 12 arranged in the liquid cooling plate 11; the two first partitions 12 are arranged along a first direction, and both of the two first partitions 12 extend along a second direction to divide the cavity in the liquid cooling plate 11 into two first channels 13 and a second channel 14, and the second channel 14 is located between the two first channels 13.

[0102] Twenty-four through holes 15 are formed on the liquid cooling plate 11, each of which extends along a third direction and penetrates the top plate and the bottom plate of the liquid cooling plate 11, and penetrates the first channel 13; as can be seen from the drawings, the twenty-four through holes 15 of the present embodiment are arranged in a matrix and correspond one-to-one to the polarity terminals 211 of all single batteries 21 in the battery module 2. The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0103] In other embodiments, the number of through holes 15 can be adjusted according to the number of single batteries 21 in the battery module 2, and the arrangement of the through holes 15 can be adjusted according to the arrangement of the single batteries 21.

[0104] The cross-sectional shape of the liquid cooling plate 11 is not specifically limited in the present embodiment, since the liquid cooling device 1 of the present embodiment is placed on the top of the planar battery module 2, and considering the structural regularity, as can be seen from the drawings, the liquid cooling plate 11 of the present embodiment is a rectangular liquid cooling plate. In other embodiments, liquid cooling plates of other structural forms can also be used.

[0105] The first channel 13 described above is a channel formed along the length direction of the liquid cooling plate 11; in the present embodiment, after the liquid cooling device 1 is fixed on the top of the battery module 2, the length direction of the liquid cooling plate 11 is consistent with the arrangement direction of the single batteries 21 (the arrangement direction of the single batteries 21 is the x direction), so the first channel 13 can be considered to extend along the x direction. The two end ports of the first channel 13 serve as the heat transfer medium inlet port 16 and the heat transfer medium outlet port 17, and are respectively used to connect with the outlet port and the inlet port of an external liquid cooling device; it should be noted that the connection here can be direct connection or indirect connection.

[0106] In the embodiment, the two first channels 13 are independent of each other and can be connected to the external liquid cooling device in parallel or in series; that is, if the liquid inlet ends of the two first channels 13 are simultaneously connected to the liquid outlet ends of the external liquid cooling device and the liquid outlet ends of the two first channels 13 are simultaneously connected to the liquid inlet ends of the external liquid cooling device, the two first channels 13 are connected in parallel. If the liquid inlet ends and the liquid outlet ends of the two first channels 13 are connected in series through a connecting pipe, the liquid inlet end of one of the first channels 13 is connected to the liquid outlet end of the external liquid cooling device, and the liquid outlet end of the other first channel 13 is connected to the liquid inlet end of the external liquid cooling device, at this time, the two first channels 13 are connected in series.

[0107] The through hole 15 described above is a through hole that penetrates the top plate and the bottom plate of the liquid cooling plate 11 and penetrates the first channel 13. In the embodiment, after the liquid cooling device 1 is fixed on the top of the battery module 2, the extension direction of the through hole 15 is consistent with the height direction of the single battery 21 (the height direction of the single battery 21 is the z direction), so it can be considered that the through hole 15 extends along the z direction.

[0108] In addition, when the liquid cooling device 1 is fixed on the top of the battery module 2, the electrical connection part 212 of each single battery 21 polarity terminal 211 passes through the bottom port of the corresponding through hole 15 and extends from the top port. The top port here is the port close to the electrical connection part 212 of the polarity terminal 211.

[0109] The shape of the two ports of the through hole 15 in the embodiment is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 211, the shape of the two ports of the through hole 15 is circular, the cross section of the polarity terminal 211 is also circular, and the diameter of the two ports of the through hole 15 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the polarity terminal 211; in some other embodiments, the shape of the two ports of the through hole 15 and the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 211 can be different, as long as it is ensured that the polarity terminal 211 can be inserted into the through hole 15.

[0110] The second channel 14 is located between the two first channels 13, and the second channel inlet end 18 is at least one, which is used to connect with the battery module 2 explosion vent; specifically, the number of the second channel inlet end 18 and the position on the liquid cooling plate 11 are determined according to the number and position of the battery module 2 explosion vent matched therewith; for example, corresponding to the first type of battery module 2 described above, the number of the second channel inlet end 18 should be consistent with the number of the single battery 21 in the battery module 2, and the position of the second channel inlet end 18 should be located on the bottom plate of the liquid cooling plate 11, penetrating the second channel 14, and corresponding to each single battery 21 explosion vent or explosion-proof port one by one; for specific structure, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5; corresponding to the second type of battery module 2, the number of second channel inlet ends 18 should be at least one, which is preferably located at the end of the second channel 14, and is connected with at least one explosion relief mechanism 30 sharing the port of the electrolyte electrolyte pipeline 25; corresponding to the third type of battery module 2, the number of second channel inlet ends 18 should also be at least one, which is preferably located at the end of the second channel 14, and is connected with at least one explosion relief mechanism 30, the specific structure can be seen from Figure 1 and Figure 2 .

[0111] Example 2

[0112] Different from example 1, this embodiment has a different first channel 13 from example 1.

[0113] As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 , this embodiment is provided with a U-shaped second partition plate 19 in the liquid cooling plate 11, a U-shaped first channel 13 is formed between the second partition plate 19 and the side plate of the liquid cooling plate 11, and the inner cavity of the second partition plate 19 serves as the second channel 14; at the same time, the first connecting pipe 10 connected through the second channel 14 is connected at the bottom plate of the second partition plate 19, and the end of the first connecting pipe 10 extends out of the liquid cooling plate 11 as the outlet end of the second channel 14.

[0114] That is, the second partition plate 19 in this embodiment includes a first sub-partition plate, a second sub-partition plate and a third sub-partition plate, wherein the first sub-partition plate and the second sub-partition plate extend along the x direction, and the third sub-partition plate extends along the y direction.

[0115] The first sub-partition plate forms a first sub-channel with the first side plate of the liquid cooling plate 11, the second sub-partition plate forms a second sub-channel with the second side plate of the liquid cooling plate 11, and the third sub-partition plate forms a third sub-channel with the third side plate of the liquid cooling plate 11. The first side plate and the second side plate are parallel to the xz plane, and the third side plate is parallel to the yz plane. The first sub-channel, the second sub-channel and the third sub-channel are connected to form a U-shaped first channel 13, and the cavity in the second partition plate 19 is the second channel 14.

[0116] The number and position of the second channel inlet end 18 on the liquid cooling plate 11 are determined according to the number and position of the explosion relief part of the battery module 2 matched therewith, which is the same as in example 1 and will not be described here, Figure 6 and Figure 7 Taking the second type of battery module 2 and the third type of battery module 2 as examples.

[0117] Example 3

[0118] The battery module 2 in this embodiment has the liquid cooling device 1 in the above-mentioned embodiments. For ease of description, the battery module 2 with the liquid cooling device 1 is defined as a battery module assembly, i.e., this embodiment is a battery module assembly which comprises the battery module 2 and the liquid cooling device 1 in the above-mentioned embodiments. The battery module 2 in this embodiment is the first type of battery module 2, and the liquid cooling device 1 in this embodiment is suitable for the first type of battery module 2.

[0119] The specific structure is as follows Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 are respectively a structural schematic diagram, an exploded view and a sectional view of the battery module assembly in this embodiment.

[0120] As can be seen from the drawings, the battery module 2 in this embodiment comprises 12 single batteries 21 arranged along the x direction. The single battery 21 in this embodiment is a square cell, and the inner cavity of each single battery 21 comprises an electrolyte area and a gas area. In other embodiments, the number of single batteries 21 can be adjusted according to actual needs, and the form of the single battery 21 can also be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0121] In some other embodiments, an electrolyte sharing pipeline can also be arranged at the bottom of the battery module 2. The inner cavity of the electrolyte sharing pipeline is in communication with the electrolyte area of the inner cavity of each single battery, so as to realize electrolyte sharing, reduce the difference between each single battery, and optimize the cycle performance of the battery module.

[0122] The liquid cooling device 1 is arranged at the top of the battery module 2, the polarity terminal 211 of each single battery 21 is inserted into the corresponding through hole 15 of the liquid cooling device 1, and the electrical connection part 212 of the polarity terminal 211 extends out of the through hole 15. The explosion vent or explosion-proof vent of each single battery 21 is in communication with the corresponding second channel inlet end 18. In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the connection between the two, an explosion vent branch pipe 22 is arranged at the explosion vent or explosion-proof vent of the single battery 21, and the explosion vent branch pipe 22 of each single battery 21 is inserted into the corresponding second channel inlet end 18, and the explosion vent branch pipe 22 and the second channel inlet end 18 are sealed.

[0123] The specific sealing method can be selected according to the material of the explosion vent branch pipe 22 and the liquid cooling device 1. For example, in this embodiment, by using the liquid cooling device 1 made of insulating material, the insulation between the liquid cooling device 1 and the top of the battery module 2 and the polarity terminal 211 is realized. Therefore, for this embodiment, the sealing connection between the explosion vent branch pipe 22 and the second channel inlet end 18 can be achieved in the following two ways:

[0124] The first connection mode is as follows

[0125] The explosion vent branch pipe 22 is inserted into the corresponding second channel inlet end 18 in an interference fit manner to achieve a sealed connection therebetween. An annular groove extending in a circumferential direction can be formed on the wall of the explosion vent branch pipe 22, and an O-shaped sealing ring is embedded in the annular groove. The O-shaped sealing ring improves the sealing performance between the explosion vent branch pipe 22 and the second channel inlet end 18.

[0126] The second connection mode is as follows:

[0127] An outer thread is arranged on the explosion vent branch pipe 22 of each single battery 21. The explosion vent branch pipe 22 of each single battery 21 is inserted into the corresponding second channel inlet end 18, the explosion vent branch pipe 22 is locked and fixed by a bolt, and sealing glue is applied at the threaded connection.

[0128] When the second connection mode is adopted, the explosion vent branch pipe 22 needs to be locked and fixed from the inside of the liquid cooling plate 11 during installation of each single battery 21 and the liquid cooling device 1. Therefore, for this connection mode, the liquid cooling plate 11 can adopt a split structure. As shown in FIG. 6 (which shows the liquid cooling device 1 suitable for the first type of battery module 2 in Embodiment 1), the rectangular liquid cooling plate 11 is disassembled into a cover plate and a box body 23 with one end open. Figure 11 Figure 11 During installation, the box body 23 with one end open is first fixed on the top of the battery module 2. The explosion vent branch pipe 22 of each single battery 21 is inserted into the corresponding second channel inlet end 18. The explosion vent branch pipe 22 is locked and fixed by a bolt from the open end, and sealing glue is applied at the threaded connection. Finally, the cover plate is sealed and fixed on the open end of the box body 23 with one end open.

[0129] In other embodiments, when a liquid cooling device 1 made of metal is adopted, the sealing between the explosion vent branch pipe and the second channel inlet end 18 can be achieved by welding. Similar to the second connection mode described above, the liquid cooling plate 11 can adopt a split structure. During installation, the box body 23 with one end open is first fixed on the top of the battery module 2. The explosion vent branch pipe 22 of each single battery 21 is inserted into the corresponding second channel inlet end 18. The explosion vent branch pipe 22 is sealed to the second channel inlet end 18 by welding from the open end. Finally, the top plate is sealed and fixed on the open end of the box body.

[0130] In addition, since an insulating heat transfer medium flows in the first channel 13 of the liquid cooling device 1, the sealing performance of the liquid cooling device 1 is particularly important. In order to ensure the sealing performance of the liquid cooling device 1, the liquid cooling device 1 is preferably made of metal. Figure 10 ​As can be seen, two annular grooves extending along the circumferential direction of the polar terminal 211 are formed on the polar terminal 211, and the two annular grooves are arranged along the z direction; and O-shaped sealing rings are embedded in the two annular grooves, and the outer rings of the two O-shaped sealing rings are pressed against the two ports of the through hole 15, thereby achieving sealing and improving the stability of the liquid cooling device 1.

[0131] In other embodiments, when the liquid cooling device 1 is made of metal, the polar terminal 211 and the top port of the through hole 15 can be sealed by welding (the top port mentioned here refers to the port close to the electrical connection part 212 of the polar terminal 211, and the welding method can further improve the stability of the liquid cooling device 1 on the polar terminal 211); an insulating pad is added between the liquid cooling device 1 and the top of the battery module 2 to insulate the liquid cooling device 1 from the top of the battery module 2.

[0132] In order to further improve the stability of the liquid cooling device 1 on the battery module 2, as shown in Figure 12 the embodiment can add a U-shaped connecting rib 24 between the liquid cooling device 1 and the cylinder of at least one single battery 21 constituting the battery module 2, the U-shaped connecting rib 24 is inverted on the liquid cooling device 1, and the two sides of the U-shaped connecting rib 24 are fixedly connected with the opposite side walls of the cylinder of at least one single battery 21 constituting the battery module 2. The specific connection method can be selected according to the material of the liquid cooling device 1, for example, the liquid cooling device 1 of the embodiment is made of insulating material, so the U-shaped connecting rib 24 and the cylinder of the single battery 21 can be fixedly connected by screws; when the liquid cooling device 1 is made of metal, the U-shaped connecting rib 24 and the cylinder of the single battery 21 can be fixedly connected by welding.

[0133] After the liquid cooling device 1 is installed on the top of the battery module 2, during the normal use of the battery module 2, each single battery 21 can be cooled by the insulating heat transfer medium in the first channel 13, reducing the possibility of dangerous high temperature of the battery module 2. When thermal runaway occurs in any single battery 21, the pressure in the cavity of each single battery 21 increases, and the explosion vent or explosion-proof vent on the top of the single battery 21 opens. The thermal runaway smoke enters the second channel 14 through the explosion vent branch 22, and the second channel 14 buffers the thermal runaway smoke, allowing it to be smoothly discharged at a relatively stable flow rate. At the same time, the second channel 14 can collect electrolyte and impurities carried in the thermal runaway smoke, so that the thermal runaway smoke discharged from the second channel 14 is gaseous, facilitating subsequent transportation and processing. In addition, the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling plate 11 can cool the thermal runaway smoke through the partition. The thermal runaway smoke is discharged under the guidance of the second channel 14 to slow down the spread of heat and improve the safety of the battery module 2. At the same time, since the liquid cooling plate 11 has cooled the high-temperature gas, the discharged gas will not cause damage to the structure outside the battery module 2, reducing the risk of use of the battery module 2. In addition, since the heat transfer medium is in a flowing state in the liquid cooling plate 11, the heat transfer medium continuously cools and processes the thermal runaway smoke discharged from the battery module 2.

[0134] Example 4

[0135] This embodiment is another battery module 2 with the liquid cooling device 1 described in the above embodiments. Different from example 3, the battery module 2 of this embodiment is the second type of battery module 2. The liquid cooling device 1 adapted to the second type of battery module 2 in example 2 is described as an example.

[0136] As shown in Figure 13 , the electrolyte sharing pipeline 25 at the bottom of the battery module 2 is connected with the second channel inlet end 18 through the explosion vent mechanism 30 at the port of the electrolyte sharing pipeline 25. For the structure of the electrolyte sharing pipeline 25, please refer to the first hollow member described in Chinese patent CN117477186A and the electrolyte sharing channel described in CN115275453A.

[0137] In the process of normal use of the battery module 2, the battery module 2 can be cooled through the first channel 13 to reduce the possibility of overheating of the battery module 2 and causing danger. When the battery module 2 has already occurred thermal runaway, the thermal runaway flue gas opens the explosion venting mechanism 30 of the electrolyte sharing pipeline 25 port, and the thermal runaway flue gas enters the second channel 14 of the liquid cooling plate 11 through the electrolyte sharing pipeline 25. The second channel 14 buffers the thermal runaway flue gas to make the thermal runaway flue gas smoothly discharged at a relatively stable flow rate. At the same time, the second channel 14 can collect the electrolyte and impurities carried in the thermal runaway flue gas, so that the thermal runaway flue gas discharged from the second channel 14 is gaseous material, which is convenient for subsequent transportation and processing. In addition, the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling plate 11 can cool the thermal runaway flue gas through the partition. The thermal runaway flue gas is discharged from the battery module 2 under the guidance of the second channel 14, avoiding the temperature rise of other battery monomers in the battery module 2 to slow down the heat spread and improve the safety of the battery module 2. At the same time, since the liquid cooling plate 11 has cooled the high-temperature gas, the discharged gas will not cause harm to the structure outside the battery module 2, reducing the use risk of the battery module 2. In addition, since the heat transfer medium is in a flowing state in the liquid cooling plate 11, the heat transfer medium continuously cools and processes the thermal runaway flue gas discharged from the battery module 2.

[0138] Embodiment 5

[0139] The battery module assembly of this embodiment is different from that of embodiment 4 in that the battery module 2 in this embodiment is a third type of battery module 2, and the specific structure is as shown in Figure 14 and Figure 15 .

[0140] As can be seen from Figure 14 and Figure 15 , the third type of battery module 2 in this embodiment arranges 12 single batteries 21 in the inner cavity of the shell 3. In this embodiment, the polarity terminal 211 of the single battery 21 is a single battery 21 pole, which has a higher height than the conventional single battery 21 pole. Each single battery 21 polarity terminal 211 extends out of the corresponding avoidance hole 33 opened in the shell top plate 31, and a first insulating sealing glue layer 34 is laid between the avoidance hole 33 and the polarity terminal 211 to realize the fixed sealing of the single battery 21 shell in the area of the shell top plate 31 corresponding to the avoidance hole 33. Figure 15 In , in order to facilitate the display of the avoidance hole 33, the first insulating sealing glue layer 34 is not shown between the avoidance hole 33 and the polarity terminal 211 on one side.

[0141] In other embodiments, a sealing connector can also be added between the avoidance hole 33 and the polarity terminal 211 to realize the fixed sealing of the single battery 21 shell in the area of the shell top plate 31 corresponding to the avoidance hole 33.

[0142] The sealing connector comprises a hollow member; the bottom of the hollow member is used for sealing connection with the first area of the single battery 21, and the top of the hollow member is sealingly connected with the second area of the top plate 31 of the shell; wherein the first area is the area around the peripheral edge of the polar terminal 211 on the cover plate of the single battery 21; wherein the area around the peripheral edge of the polar terminal 211 is the area around the peripheral edge of the insulating sealing gasket on the polar terminal 211. The insulating sealing gasket is a part for insulating the polar terminal 211 from the cover plate of the single battery 21. The second area is the area of the top plate 31 of the shell corresponding to the avoiding hole 33. The area of the top plate 31 of the shell corresponding to the avoiding hole 33 is the peripheral area of the top plate 31 of the shell corresponding to any one of the avoiding holes 33; or the area of the top plate 31 of the shell corresponding to the avoiding hole 33 is the hole wall of the avoiding hole 33.

[0143] A support 35 extending along the x direction is arranged between the bottom plate 32 of the shell and each single battery 21 to form a liquid passage as an electrolyte sharing chamber 36.

[0144] A boss 37 extending along the x direction can also be arranged on the top plate 31 of the shell, and a gas passage is formed on the boss 37, which penetrates the inner cavity of the shell 3 and communicates with the gas area in the inner cavity of each single battery 21, and serves as a gas sharing chamber 38. When gas is produced in the inner cavity of the single battery 21, the inner cavity of the gas passage can also serve as a gas containing chamber to alleviate the problem of swelling of the shell 3 caused by gas production.

[0145] The electrolyte sharing chamber 36 can also communicate with the gas sharing chamber 38 through a passage formed on the end plate 39 of the shell 3.

[0146] In other embodiments, only the electrolyte sharing chamber 36 or the gas sharing chamber 38 can be provided.

[0147] The explosion relief mechanism 30 is fixed on the shell 3, and the liquid cooling device 1 is arranged above the top plate 31 of the shell of the battery module 2, and the explosion relief mechanism 30 is connected with the second passage inlet end 18 of the liquid cooling plate 11 through the second connecting pipe 26.

[0148] In addition, in order to improve the stability of the liquid cooling device 1, the embodiment can adopt a similar manner as the above-mentioned embodiment, that is, by additionally arranging a U-shaped connecting rib 24; the U-shaped connecting rib 24 is invertedly buckled on the liquid cooling device 1, and the two side edges of the U-shaped connecting rib 24 are respectively fixedly connected with the opposite side walls of the cylindrical body of the shell 3.

[0149] In the process of normal use of the battery module 2, the battery module 2 can be cooled through the first channel 13 to reduce the possibility of overheating of the battery module 2 and causing danger. When the battery module 2 has already occurred thermal runaway, the thermal runaway flue gas opens the explosion venting mechanism 30, and the thermal runaway flue gas enters the second channel 14 of the liquid cooling plate 11 through the explosion venting mechanism 30. The second channel 14 buffers the thermal runaway flue gas, so that the thermal runaway flue gas is smoothly discharged at a relatively stable flow rate. At the same time, the second channel 14 can collect electrolyte and impurities carried in the thermal runaway flue gas, so that the thermal runaway flue gas discharged from the second channel 14 is gaseous material, which is convenient for subsequent transportation and processing. In addition, the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling plate 11 can cool the thermal runaway flue gas through the partition. The thermal runaway flue gas is discharged from the battery module 2 under the guidance of the second channel 14, so as to avoid causing the temperature of other battery monomers in the battery module 2 to rise, thereby slowing down the spread of heat and improving the safety of the battery module 2. At the same time, since the liquid cooling plate 11 has cooled the high-temperature gas, the discharged gas will not cause damage to the structure outside the battery module 2, thereby reducing the use risk of the battery module 2. In addition, since the heat transfer medium is in a flowing state in the liquid cooling plate 11, the heat transfer medium continuously cools and processes the thermal runaway flue gas discharged from the battery module 2.

[0150] Embodiment 6

[0151] In this embodiment, a functional structure is arranged on the polar terminal 211 of each battery monomer 21 based on the above-mentioned embodiments, so as to increase the heat exchange area of the polar terminal 211. The part with the functional structure is located in the first channel 13, so as to further improve the heat exchange effect.

[0152] The specific structure of the polar terminal 211 can be referred to Figure 15 In this embodiment, two first annular grooves 27 are arranged on the side wall of the polar terminal 211, and the two first annular grooves 27 are arranged along the height direction of the polar terminal 211. Each first annular groove 27 extends along the circumferential direction of the side wall of the polar terminal 211. Based on the two first grooves, the heat exchange area of the polar terminal 211 can be increased. After the part is located in the inner cavity of the first channel 13, a better heat exchange effect can be obtained compared with the polar terminal 211 with a smooth side wall.

[0153] In other embodiments, the number of the first annular grooves 27 and the groove width and groove depth can be adjusted according to the needs, and the specific size is subject to the premise of not affecting the conductivity of the polar terminal 211.

[0154] In some other embodiments, other structures can also be processed on the polar terminal 211 to increase the heat exchange area of the polar terminal 211; such functional structures can include point-shaped pits on the sidewall of the polar terminal 211, protrusions, and can also include through holes on the polar terminal 211 (heat dissipation teeth can be additionally provided in the through hole along the axial direction to further increase the heat exchange area in the through hole), etc.; relative to the above functional structures, the first annular groove 27 structure of the present embodiment is convenient to process and has a lower processing cost.

[0155] Embodiment 7

[0156] The present embodiment is another battery module assembly, which is different from the embodiment 6 in that the present embodiment, on the basis of the embodiment 6, lays a second insulating sealant layer 4 on the top of the battery module 2.

[0157] The specific structure is shown in Figure 16 The second insulating sealant layer 4 covers the top of the battery module 2 and wraps the liquid cooling device 1.

[0158] As can be seen from Figure 16 , the electric connection parts 212 of the polar terminal 211 in the present embodiment all protrude out of the first insulating sealant layer 34 so as to be connected with the electric connection component. The electric connection component is an electric connection part for realizing the parallel connection of each single battery 21 in the battery module 2 and / or the series connection of adjacent battery modules 2. Meanwhile, the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the first channel 13 and the inlet end and the outlet end of the second channel 14 all expose out of the second insulating sealant layer 4.

[0159] Laying the second insulating sealant layer 4 on the top of the battery module 2 has at least the following advantages:

[0160] I. Further improving the sealing performance of each part of the liquid cooling device 1;

[0161] Specifically, the insulating sealant constituting the second insulating sealant layer 4 penetrates into the gap between the two ports of the through hole 15 and the polar terminal 211, further sealing the gap in the radial direction;

[0162] II. Preventing condensation;

[0163] During long-term use, due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the liquid cooling device 1, condensation will be generated on the surface, and when the condensation accumulates to a certain amount, it may cause a short circuit problem; by laying the second insulating sealant layer 4 on the top of the liquid cooling device 1, when condensation is generated on the surface of the liquid cooling device 1, the second insulating sealant layer 4 can prevent the occurrence of battery short circuit;

[0164] III. Realizing the insulation between the liquid cooling device 1 and the top of the battery module 2;

[0165] When the liquid cooling device 1 is made of non-insulating material, the insulation of such liquid cooling device 1 can be realized when the insulating sealant completely wraps outside the liquid cooling device 1, further improving the insulation performance of the liquid cooling device 1 and the top of the battery module 2.

[0166] In some other embodiments, the electrical connection assembly can be connected with the polarity terminal 211, and then the second insulating sealant layer 4 is laid on the top of the battery module 2, that is, the second insulating sealant layer 4 completely covers the polarity terminal 211 of the single battery 21 and the connection part of the electrical connection assembly and the polarity terminal 211; in the entire battery module 2, when the outer shell 3 is insulated, only the free end of the electrical connection assembly (for realizing the series connection of the battery module 2) is exposed and charged, and the remaining part is insulated, so that such battery module 2 has higher safety performance.

[0167] In order to prevent the overflow problem in the glue injection process, the partial structure of the outer shell 3 is used as a glue blocking plate in the embodiment, and the outer shell 3 is combined with Figure 17 and Figure 18 to be described below.

[0168] As shown in Figure 17 , it is an exploded structure schematic diagram of the outer shell 3 of the embodiment, and the outer shell 3 is disassembled into a cylinder 41 with open ends and an end plate 39 covering the open end of the cylinder 41. The structure of the cylinder 41 is shown in Figure 18 , both ends of the cylinder 41 are open ends, that is, the open end of the cylinder 41 is parallel to the yz plane; in the z direction, the height of the cylinder side plate 411 is higher than the height of the cylinder top plate 412; the part of the cylinder side plate 411 higher than the cylinder top plate 412 is used as a glue blocking plate. The cylinder 41 can be integrally formed by aluminum extrusion process, which is convenient to process, and at the same time, has good sealing property compared with the split structure.

Claims

1. A liquid cooling device for a battery module, wherein, The battery module comprises a plurality of single batteries arranged along an x direction; characterized in that: a liquid cooling plate is comprised; a first channel and a second channel are arranged on the liquid cooling plate and are isolated from each other; the first channel is used as a flow channel of an insulating heat transfer medium, and the second channel is used as a thermal runaway smoke pretreatment channel; the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the first channel are respectively connected with the liquid outlet end and the liquid inlet end of an external liquid cooling device; the second channel inlet end is connected with a battery module explosion venting part; A plurality of through holes corresponding to all the polarity terminals of the single batteries in the battery module are arranged on the liquid cooling plate; each through hole extends along a z direction and penetrates the first channel; The area of the through hole in the xy plane is slightly larger than the area of the corresponding polarity terminal in the xy plane, so as to ensure that the corresponding polarity terminal can be inserted into the through hole, and in the z direction, the size of the through hole is smaller than the size of the corresponding polarity terminal, so as to ensure that in the z direction, the top end of the polarity terminal extends out of the through hole as an electrical connection part.

2. The liquid cooling device for a battery module according to claim 1, characterized by: Two first partitions arranged in the liquid cooling plate are further comprised; the two first partitions are arranged along a y direction and extend along an x direction, so as to separate the inner cavity of the liquid cooling plate into two first channels and one second channel, and the second channel is located between the two first channels.

3. The liquid cooling device for a battery module according to claim 1, characterized by: A first connecting pipe and a second partition arranged in the liquid cooling plate are further comprised; the second partition is a U-shaped partition; The cavity between the second partition and the side plate of the liquid cooling plate is used as the first channel, and the inner cavity of the second partition is used as the second channel; one end of the first connecting pipe is connected with the bottom plate of the second partition and penetrates the second channel; the other end of the first connecting pipe extends out of the liquid cooling plate and is used as the outlet end of the second channel.

4. The liquid cooling device for a battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by: The second channel inlet end is a plurality of inlet ends arranged along the x direction on the bottom plate of the liquid cooling plate and corresponds to each single battery explosion venting port or explosion-proof port.

5. The liquid cooling device for a battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by: The second channel inlet end is one inlet end located on the third side plate of the liquid cooling plate, wherein the third side plate is parallel to the yz plane.

6. A battery module assembly, characterized by: The battery module and the liquid cooling device for the battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 5 are comprised; The battery module comprises a plurality of single batteries arranged along an x direction; The liquid cooling device is arranged on the top of the battery module, each single battery polarity terminal is inserted into the corresponding through hole, and the electrical connection part extends out of the through hole; the side wall of the polarity terminal is insulated and sealed from the through hole; The battery module explosion venting part is connected with the second channel inlet end.

7. The battery module assembly of claim 6, wherein: The battery module explosion venting part is the explosion venting port or explosion-proof port of each single battery; the second channel inlet end is a plurality of inlet ends arranged along the x direction on the bottom plate of the liquid cooling plate and corresponds to each single battery explosion venting port or explosion-proof port.

8. The battery module assembly of claim 6, wherein: The battery module further comprises an electrolyte sharing pipeline; the inner cavity of the electrolyte sharing pipeline is connected with the electrolyte area of each single battery inner cavity, and at least one end of the electrolyte sharing pipeline is provided with an explosion venting mechanism; The explosion venting mechanism is used as the battery module explosion venting part; the second channel inlet end is located on the third side plate of the liquid cooling plate and is connected with the explosion venting mechanism.

9. The battery module assembly of claim 6, wherein: The battery module further comprises a shell; a plurality of single batteries are arranged in the inner cavity of the shell along the x direction; The shell is provided with at least one electrolyte sharing chamber and an explosion venting mechanism in communication with the electrolyte sharing chamber, the electrolyte sharing chamber is in communication with electrolyte zones in cavities of all single batteries; the shell top plate is provided with a relief hole corresponding to the polarity terminal of each single battery; the polarity terminal of each single battery extends out of the relief hole, and the region of the shell top plate corresponding to the relief hole is fixedly sealed with the single battery shell; The explosion venting mechanism is a battery module explosion venting part; the second channel inlet end is located on the third side plate of the liquid cooling plate and connected with the explosion venting mechanism.

10. The battery module assembly of claim 9, wherein: The shell top plate is paved with a second insulating sealing adhesive layer, and the liquid cooling device is located in the second insulating sealing adhesive layer.

11. The battery module assembly of any one of claims 6 to 10, wherein: The polarity terminal is provided with a functional structure for increasing the heat exchange area of the polarity terminal, and the part of the polarity terminal provided with the functional structure is located in the first channel and directly contacts the insulating heat transfer medium.

12. The battery module assembly of claim 11, wherein: The functional structure is n first annular grooves, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; Each first annular groove extends along the circumferential direction of the side wall of the polarity terminal, and the n first annular grooves are arranged along the height direction of the polarity terminal.

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